2012. uk power networks. all rights reserved distribution network visibility low carbon networks...
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2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Distribution Network VisibilityLow Carbon Networks Fund Tier 1 project
UK Power Networks & PPA Energy
Omer Khan & Sarah Carter
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Project Background
• London Power Networks area (London) : All primary substations and more than 9500 secondary substations equipped with Remote Terminal Units (RTUs)
• Secondary substations RTU under-utilised
• Opportunity: Maximise the utilisation of existing infrastructure
Voltage: 3 x phasesCurrent: 3 x phasesTotal Power (kVA)Power FactorReal Power (kW) and directionReactive Power (kVAr)Total Harmonic distortionAir temperature
Disturbance recorderAnalogue limit excursion eventsHarmonics 1-15th
Total power in kVAPower factor1 x phase voltageAir temperature
Saved Functions not usedAvailable
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Project objectives:
• Fully utilise the capabilities of the primary and secondary RTUs. Collection of
additional analogues and new functionalities.
• Develop and demonstrate a number of visualisation tools.
• Demonstrate the business benefits. Asset Optimisation, Planning, Connections, Network
Operations, Control.
• Evaluate optical sensors (PowerSense).
Project highlights:
• Automated analysis of existing data from 9500 substations available.
• RTU upgrade has started: 350 completed, to meet target of 600 by end 2012.
• Beta version of Distribution Network Visualisation Tool being trialled.
• Engagement with Business Units (Planning, Connections and Asset Management) to
refine tool and start to realise benefits.
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Analysis of Network data – Planning / Connections
• Overview of load demand: Improve connections process.
• Overview of load profiles: Identification of changes in load profiles with increase in LV
connected generation / heat pumps / electric vehicles.
• Utilisation – mapping using colour
pins
• Load profiling – variation during the day
Secondary substation utilisation:
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Analysis of Network data – Planning / Connections
Secondary substation utilisation:
• Utilisation – variation with time
with side by side comparison
using bar charts
• Utilisation – duration curve
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Analysis of Network data – Planning / Connections
• Load profiling – using colour pins on map
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Analysis of Network data – Asset Management
Secondary Substation Ventilation:
• Ambient air temperatures – colour pins on map
• Overview of substation ventilation: Identify sites which may be inadequately
ventilated or which reach extreme levels of cold.
• Potential to prolong transformer asset life.
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Primary Transformer Tap Changers:
Analysis of Network data – Asset Management
• Number of Tap Changer Operations in one day for each LPN Primary Transformer (Average 40)
• Tap change operating time: Identify tap changer anomalies.
• Tap change count: Inform maintenance frequency of tap changers.
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Analysis of Network data – Operations / Planning
Secondary Substation Voltage:
• Voltage – Load relationship
• High / Low Voltage investigations – colour pins on map
• Voltage comparison against limits• Inform decisions in respect of voltage investigations.
• Provide information in respect of effect of LV connected generation and voltage
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Analysis of Network data – Planning
Secondary Substation 3Φ Voltage and Current Unbalance
• Current Unbalance reports – Average and Maximum
• Voltage Unbalance • Current Unbalance
• Current unbalance – identification of worst case substations in respect of losses – consistent
unbalance – possible mitigation – cost / benefit
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Analysis of Network data – Planning
Secondary Substation 3Φ Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)
Utilisation
• Relationship with load / network configuration.
• Helps with RTU alarm settings with a view to obtaining individual harmonic data over
defined levels/periods
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Generation Detection
Solar radiation
Load on secondary transformer
• Powersense monitoring trial:
Connected at 11kV at water supply
works with generation
• Secondary transformer load profile:
Large PV (150kW) installation secondary
substation load vs solar radiation
PowerSense Optical Sensor
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Data Cleansing
SpikeScale factor changeGapNon
zero gap
+/- spikes
Dropping out
Reduction/-ve power
Data anomalies
Spikes Missing data
• Data quality affects analysis e.g. long term maximum/average/minimum figures.
• Data cleansing algorithms developed to detect and remove anomalies where possible.
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
• Half Hour averaging of power factor – variation between leading and lagging – half hour average incorrect.
• Current Transformer (CT) location on one of two parallel cables between secondary transformer and LV board. RTU doubles reading – apparent unbalance if cables not sharing current
Measurement observations
Current Transformer
Voltage Fuse
Transformer Dual LV Cable/Tail
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
• Further engagement with business units;• Additional development in respect of usability required;• Investigations of additional RTU functionality in respect of alarms and event recording
continuing;• Integrated phase to start shortly,
– interfaces with existing databases and applications e.g Asset Data, Geographical Network Data.
– additional functionality to be added to application.
Next Steps
2012. UK Power Networks. All rights reserved
Thank You – Any Questions?