© 2011 pearson prentice hall, salkind. the importance of practicing ethics in research
TRANSCRIPT
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
The Importance of Practicing Ethics in Research
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
Summarize why it is important to practice ethical research.
Describe the basic principles of ethical research.
Distinguish between ethical and unethical research practices.
Summarize the role of professional organizations in providing ethical guidelines.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
A Bit of History Basic Principles of Ethical Research Ensuring High Ethical Standards
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
David Resnick timeline Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 1932-1972 U.S. Government, Research on effects of
radiation on human beings, 1944-1980 1966 Henry Beecher article on 22 unethical
studies published in New England Journal of Medicine
1974, Congress passes the National Research Act, authorizing federal agencies to develop human research regulations
Ongoing, Initiatives through professional organizations, universities, federal government to promote ethical conduct in research.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
Protect from harm Maintain privacy Avoid coercion Provide for informed consent
◦ When using children as subjects, you must gain permission from parents, and you must exercise extra caution.
Maintain confidentiality Debrief, especially if you have used
deception Share benefits
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
Do a computer simulation if possible. If the treatment might be harmful, try to find a
population that has already been “naturally” treated.
Always secure informed consent. If possible, report summary data rather than
individual results. If the treatment might have adverse side effects,
begin with a small sample. Ask your colleagues to review your proposal. Receive Institutional Review Board approval to help
ensure that you are meeting ethical guidelines.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Guidelines
Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD) Ethical Guidelines
American Educational Research Association American Sociological Association American Medical Association
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
1. Generally, you may quote if the site does not prohibit use of information
2. Gaining consent should not disrupt normal, ongoing activities of real-time sites
3. Be conscientious about obtaining consent4. Defend the confidentiality and identity of
participants in public forums when results are reported
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
Summarize why it is important to practice ethical research?
Describe the basic principles of ethical research?
Distinguish between ethical and unethical research practices?
Summarize the role of professional organizations in providing ethical guidelines?