© 2009 mcgraw-hill higher education. all rights reserved. chapter eight: taking control of alcohol...

© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Chapter Eight: Chapter Eight: Taking Control of Taking Control of

Alcohol UseAlcohol Use


The Nature of Alcoholic The Nature of Alcoholic BeveragesBeverages Ethyl alcohol or ethanol

Produced through fermentation May be concentrated through distillation

Alcohol content Beer: 4% Wine: 10-14% Port, sherry: 20% Distilled liquors: 40-100%

Proof = Twice the alcohol concentration


The Nature of Alcoholic BeveragesThe Nature of Alcoholic Beverages

Alcohol = central nervous system depressant May appear to act as a stimulant in social

situations because it depresses the inhibitory centers of the brain


Physiological Effects of Alcohol Physiological Effects of Alcohol ConsumptionConsumption

Absorbed primarily in small intestine Factors that influence absorption

Strength of beverage Number of drinks consumed Speed of consumption Presence of food Body chemistry Race/ethnicity Gender

Metabolized in the liver


Gender and Alcohol AbsorptionGender and Alcohol Absorption

Women absorb more alcohol more quickly than men Less alcohol dehydrogenase Proportionately more body fat Proportionately less body water Effects of menstrual cycle


Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

BAC = percentage of alcohol in a measured quantity of blood

BAC rises when alcohol is consumed faster than it is metabolized by the liver BAC: 0.05% Changes in behavior BAC: 0.10% Decrease in motor function BAC: 0.25% Body starts to shut down

Acute alcohol intoxication = potentially fatal elevation of BAC, often resulting from heavy, rapid consumption of alcohol


Alcohol PoisoningAlcohol Poisoning

Danger signs: Call 911 After heavy drinking in a short period of time Unconsciousness, deep stupor Shock Vomiting Weak, rapid pulse Irregular breathing, pale or bluish skin

Continue monitoring anyone who has passed out


First Aid for Acute Alcohol IntoxicationFirst Aid for Acute Alcohol Intoxication

Seek medical assistance: Call 911 Lie person on their side to avoid choking if

vomiting occurs Position head lower than the rest of the body to

help prevent asphyxiation

Monitor breathing and pulse rate


Drinkers live longer????Drinkers live longer????

•http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,2014332,00.html?hpt

Moderate drinking, which is defined as one to three drinks per day, is associated with the lowest mortality rates in alcohol studies. Moderate

alcohol use (especially when the beverage of choice is red wine) is thought to improve heart health, circulation and sociability, which can

be important because people who are isolated don't have as many family members and friends who can notice and help treat health

problems.

Read more: http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,2014332,00.html?

hpt#ixzz11lhDN2Gt


Patterns of Alcohol UsePatterns of Alcohol Use

Reasons people drink Effective, affordable, legal

psychoactive drug Reduced inhibitions Associated with positive

events and characteristics, “good times”


Alcohol ConsumptionAlcohol Consumption

One drink: 12 ounces of beer 5 ounces of wine 1.5 ounces of liquor

Current use: Consumption of least one drink in the past 30 days

Binge drinking: Consumption of five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the last 2-weeks


Current, Binge, and Heavy Alcohol Use Current, Binge, and Heavy Alcohol Use among Persons Ages 12 or Olderamong Persons Ages 12 or Older


College Drinking: Negative College Drinking: Negative ConsequencesConsequences


How Much Alcohol Do College How Much Alcohol Do College Students Really Drink?Students Really Drink?


Alcohol and Wellness: SummaryAlcohol and Wellness: Summary

Alcohol-related medical problems Effects of chronic use Fetal alcohol syndrome

Alcohol-related psychological problems Alcoholism Alcohol abuse

Alcohol-related social problems Accidents Crime and violence Suicide

Alcohol-related family problems


Effects of Chronic Alcohol Use on Effects of Chronic Alcohol Use on the Bodythe Body

Chronic malnutrition Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Cirrhosis and other liver disorders Cardiovascular disease Cancer Infectious diseases


Effects of Alcohol Use on the BodyEffects of Alcohol Use on the Body


Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE)Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE)

Alcohol crosses the placenta and can cause birth defects in unborn children Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Low birth weight Mental retardation Facial abnormalities Heart problems

Fetal alcohol effects (FAE) Partial expression of FAS


Fetal Alcohol SyndromeFetal Alcohol Syndrome


Alcohol-Related Psychological Alcohol-Related Psychological ProblemsProblems

Alcohol dependence (alcoholism) Primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial,

and environmental influences Tolerance, withdrawal, pattern of compulsive use Physical addiction, serious health effects

Alcohol abuse Pattern of drinking that creates personal difficulties or

difficulties for other people—harmful consequences Consequences/indications

Missing classes, reduced academic performance Blackouts Legal problems


Alcohol-Related Social Problems Alcohol-Related Social Problems

Accidents Motor vehicle collisions Falls Drowning Fires and burns

Crime and Violence Suicide


Alcohol-Related Family and Alcohol-Related Family and Relationship ProblemsRelationship Problems

Alcohol and the family Dysfunctional family behaviors Associated problems

Enabling Denial

Codependence Dual addiction

Adult children of alcoholic parents Women and alcohol—special concerns


Responsible Use of AlcoholResponsible Use of Alcohol

Becoming a responsible drinker Avoid parties with heavy drinking and

people who are drinking heavily Choose non-alcoholic drinks Participate with others in positive activities

Hosting a party responsibly Host negligence Designated drivers


Organizations That Support Organizations That Support Responsible DrinkingResponsible Drinking

Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) Students Against Destructive Decisions

(SADD) BACCHUS GAMMA Peer Education Network


Alcohol AdvertisingAlcohol Advertising

Targets minorities, women, and youth College advertising Wine cooler ads Concentration of liquor stores and

advertising in low-income, ethnic communities


Treatment for Alcohol ProblemsTreatment for Alcohol Problems

Rehabilitation centers Hospitals Medication Counseling Support groups

Alcoholics Anonymous Al-Anon and Alateen


Chapter Eight: Chapter Eight: Taking Control of Alcohol UseTaking Control of Alcohol Use

© 2009 mcgraw-hill higher education. all rights reserved. chapter eight: taking control of alcohol...

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