zzzzz ielts writing temp

8/2/2019 Zzzzz Ielts Writing Temp

1/7

Types of essayArgumentative essay Discussion essay CES GP

Present your argument to

show your agreeing or

disagreeing with the topic

(totally agree; partly agree;

totally disagree). In sometopics, they just simply ask

you to agree or disagree

Present two opposing views

and their arguments. E.g.

What is your view

(agree/disagree with ones of

two ideas above or follow adifferent view)

Give reason

(cause), result

(effect) and

solution

General -

Particular

Introduction Sentence 1 : Introduction the topic with a general statement relevant to the issue (basic

sentence or whether structure along with remains controversial phrase)E.g. The issue of using discipline in teaching children remains controversial

Sentence 2 : About two opposing views (use while structure)Ex : Some people believe that ... while others claim that ...

Sentence 3 : Show the view Argumentative type

I am (strongly/absolutely/partly) convinced by the former/latter idea (that ...)from the following reasons

I am of the former belief (that ...) for the following reasons I totally agree with the former/latter idea (that ...) for the following reasons

Discussion type Both sides of the issue will be discussed in my writing My writing will analyse both sides of the issue Each idea has its own validity

Examples Death punishment is removed in several countries. Some people argue that itsexistence is conducive to maintaining laws and orders of the society, while others

believe that the unfairness to criminals might be an unexpected result of this policy.

In my view, I totally agree with the first opinion for the following reasons.

Cameras has been recently set up in several public places. Some people claim thatthis policy will have positive effects on the social security while others believe that

the loss of personal freedom is a disadvantage of the existence of this device. In my

view, I totally agree with the latter idea for the following reasons.

Body (Argument way Or counter-argument way)

The sections of the essayEssay Introduction 5-10% Body 80-90%

Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 (Optional)

Conclusion 5-10%

Paragraph Topic sentence 50% Combinations of

Supporting ideas 20% Examples 30%


2/7

Before writing atopic sentence

_Sure about the idea

_Make sure topic sentences in an essay do not

overlap each other

_Follow three criteria : clear+formal+concise

_Vary your structures in the topic sentences

_Dont list; dont give example in the topicsentences

Good topic sentence

Clear Formal

Sign-post1) First idea

_First/Firstly/In the first place,

_The first benefit/drawback is /

/

2) Second/third/etc. idea_Second/Secondly/In the second place,

_Third/Thirdly/In the third place,

_Finally/Lastly,

_The second/third/final/last advantage is //

_Noun-phrase is the second/final/last disadvantage

_Furthermore/Moreover/ In addition/Equally

important,

3) Notice_Additional/What is more is not formal in writing

Agree/disagree and its degree1) Benefit/Advantage/Upside

_Have (a) positive/good influence/inpact(s) on sth

_Have (a) great/significant/tremendous positive impact(s)

on sth

2) Drawback/Disadvantage/Downside_Have (a) negative/unwanted/adverse effect(s) on sth

_Have (a/an) appalling/catastrophic/disastrous

/ sth

Who/what is mentioned1)Rule: diversify the objects mentioned by using synonyms

2)Negative: victims /patients /addicts /abusers /sufferers ...

3)Neutral and positive:_Learners/users/owners /watchers /viewers /players ...

_The old/the young/children /teenagers /adolescents /adults

/parents /couples ...

Do_Start with a noun-phrase and

use formal fixed phrases

fluently

Dont_Avoid Verb-ing at the

sentence and using words like

help/make /get/etc.

Should_Add a synonym, a paraphrase_Put effect before reason

_Use common complex

structures

_Turn Verb-ing into people

_Start with words showing

degree

_Start with a sign-post

Examples for a good topic sentence

Ex1: Watching television, first of all, has negative effects on peoples health (synonym) The / watching television, first of all, has negative

effects on peoples health (people) Television addicts may also suffer health problems (sign-post) Another disadvantage of watching television is to adversely affect peoples


3/7

health

(effect before reason) Peoples health deterioration is another drawback of watchingtelevision too much.

(complex structure) When people watch television, they may also suffer health problems.Ex2 : First of all, the habit of listening to music is (beneficial for)/(conducive to) peoplesimagination

= Another advantage of listening to music is to develop/enhance/improve/boost/increase

peoples imagination= Peoples imagination development is another benefit of listening to music= (words of degree) Its also possible that listening to music (is beneficial for)/nurtures

peoples imagination= (people) Music listeners may also expand/cultivate their imagination

= (complex structure) Equally important, when people listen to music, they may also enhance

their imagination

Ex3 :

_(sign-post) The first benefit of watching television is to greatly enrich peoples knowledge

_(effect as the subject) The improvement in communication skill is another advantage oftelevision viewers

_(people as the subject) Finally, watchers can enjoy recreational and interesting moments

through different television programs

Ex4 : First of all, a huge amount of investment in science teaching may have negative effects

on students psychology (effect as the subject) Students psychology may also put in danger by this policy (words of degree) Its quite possible that (a huge amount of investment in science

teaching)/(this policy) is responsible for negative effects in students psychology (sign-post) The first drawback of this decision in science teaching is conducive to

students negative feelings (people) Student may also undergo negative effects due to this policy (complex) Equally important, when a large proportion of money is invested in science

teaching, students psychology might be negatively effectedWays to give examples for supporting ideas

Real life examples (nation, famous people, etc.)_A case in point/a stark example/a telling example

Ex: Japan is a stark example of the nation which prioritizes education over other issues,

moreover, it has risen to the top of the world, despite its severe lack of natural

resources. Scientific studies

_Facts has shown that/the fact is/it is reported that/according to/based on/

Historical development (from the past to present)_For instance/for example/to illustrate/to exemplify/lets take ... as an example

Counter-argument waySteps to creat a counter-argument in argumentative/discussion/cause-effect essays

1. Understand the opposing idea clearly: its strengths and weaknesses2. Acknowledge its strengths3. Attack its weaknesses: showing how unreasonable it is in other cases by giving


4/7

examples or questioning or comparing and contrasting (with more supporting ideas)

Cch khai trin 1 essay phn bin (counter-argument) Introduction : Body : Paragraph 1 : Paragraph 2 : Paragraph 3 : (Optional)

Conclusion : Cch khai trin 1 paragraph phn bin 1st sentence : 2nd sentence : 3rd sentence : 4th sentence : 5th sentence :

Ngn ng s dng trong phn bin Pattern chng Trc khi a ra topic sentence ca quan im i lp : first(ly); second(ly); etc. Trc khi a ra sup. Idea cho quan im i lp : as a consequence (of); by dint of;

etc.

Trc khi a ra idea 1 tn cng ch yu : however; nevertheless; unexpectedly;unfortunately; paradoxically; the sad truth is that ... etc.

Trc khi a ra idea 2 tip tc tn cng : besides; in addition; moreover; etc. Pattern m trc khi lp lun Trc khi dn vo topic sentence ca quan im i lp, khng c nhn mnh

qu. S dng cc pattern sau lm nn:It is, first/second, believed that ...

(Generally,) it is true that ...

It is likely that ...

It is possible that ...

It is probable that ...

The likelihood is that ...

The probability is that ...

It is partly reasonable that ...

It is, first/second, argued that ...

The possibility is that ...

The chance is that ...

It might be true that ...

This argument may be partly true

that ...

(Probably/Possibly/Perhaps,) it

may be true that ...

Trc khi lp lun tn cng ch yu, to nn mnh hnIt is undeniable that ...It is irrefutable that ...

It is undoubted that ...

It is indisputable that ...

It is highly likely/possible that ...

It cannot be denied that ...

It cannot be negated that ...

Undeniably / Irrefutably/ Undoubtedly /Indisputably, facts

have shown that ...

The (undeniable) truth is that ...

There is no denying that ...

It cannot be refuted that ...

There goes without saying that ...

An example of a counter-argument paragraph

It is, first, believed that this policy can bestow economic benefits upon people involved.

It might be true that as a result of being hired, the jobless earns a living to take care of


5/7

themselves while companies make use of new staff to maximize their output. However, it is

irrefutable that hardly can main staff feel satisfied with reduced salary, owing to fewer

working hours. Another reason is that no sooner have the unemployed taken over tasks than

the organizations are more likely to see a reduction in productivity, and invest a huge amount

of money to retraning them, due to their lack of necessary skills and knowledge for jobs. In

other words, more financial drawbacks are seen in this policy for those concerned.

Application of a counter-argument way in discussion/argumentative paragraph

Discussion type Pht trin paragraph theo quan im ng , quan im phn i

( nhn mnh 2 quan im nh nhau; di on vn bng nhau; topic sentencesphi tng ng nhau; etc. )

Thay cc patterns tn cng khng tri hn cn bng nhau Trong cu kt 1 paragraph, th hin s cn bng.

Ex: In the other words, both economic pros and cons are seen in this policy for

people involved.

Argumentative type Topic sentence : It is, first, claimed that ... Supporting idea : (It is possible/likely that)/(The chance is that) as a result of ... ,

...

Idea 1 (against) : It is undeniable that by no means ... Idea 2 (against) : Another reason/point is that (no sooner ... than ...)/(not until ... )

/(only after ...)

Concluding sentence : In a word, it is ... that ...Conclusion Signal patterns

In conclusion,All things considered,

To summarize,

All in all,To sum up,

To conclude,To recap,

Tm li chnh + Nu ln quan im ca mnh nu l argumentative type; nhn nh chai quan im nu l discussion type.Ex :

_I strongly believe that ...

_I totally/completely agree that ...

_Both ideas have their (advantages and disadvantages)/(pros and cons)

Examples_All things considered, I am fully persuaded by this policy since behind the firmdiscipline is the formation of good behaviour in children, a disciplined academic

environment and a crime-free society.

_In conclusion, both parents and teachers are of the same importance in childrenslearning success, with the former having their unconditional love, proud family tradition

and the latter bestowing knowledge and a favorable academic environment.

_All things considered, both families and teachers have the same role in childrenssuccess while the former may offer them unconditional love and inspire them with their

proud tradition, the latter are able to equip them with a wealth of knowledge and create


6/7

an ideal environment to shorten the path to achievement for children.

Graph-Table-Diagram Writing Introduction 1-2 sentencesBody Overview 1-2 sentences showing the main trend dominating the entire chart Comparisons 3-6 sentences reporting main features and making relevant comparisons

Conclusion 1-2 sentencesGraph-Table-Diagram Writing Patterns

Start the overviewIt is clear that ...

Overall,

In general,

The overview is ...

At the first glace, it is notable that ...

As can be seen from the graph,

The general picture is ...

ComparisonsBe equal toTo correspond to

To match

Be equivalent toBe the same as

To follow a parallel pattern

To overtake

To exceed

Be far higher than

To tripple

To have higher/lower figures than

To outnumber

To surpass

Be three times higher/lower than

To quadruple

Be more pronounced than

Analyse comparisonsFor example,

For instance,Specifically,

To be clearer,

To illustrate,

To specify,To be more specific,

Show similarityLikewise,

follow the same pattern as

Similarly,

follow a similar trend to

Show contrast relationHowever,

Meanwhile,

whileby contrast

by comparison

although

Nevertheless,

whereas

unlikedespite

in spite of

Show the noticeable featuresInterestingly,

Only in/at (inversion structure)

The most striking feature is ...

Ex : Only in 1945 were the numbers of cars in both countries equal at about 45,000

ConclusionIn bieft, On the while, In conclusion,


7/7

Language of trendUpwards (to) increase, (to) rise, to go up, to climb from ... to ...,

Downwards (to) decrease, (to) fall, (to) drop, to go down from ... to ...,

Stable To stabilize at ..., to remain/stay stable/constant/unchanged at ...,

Erratic To fluctuate around/(from ... to...),

Highest point To reach a peak/top of ,

Lowest point To hit a low of,

For future tenseIt is predicted/forecasted/estimated/planed that ...

be predicted/forecasted/projected to do sth

Ex : The price of meat is predicted to rise gradually in 2040

= It is predicted that the price of meat will rise gradually in 2040

Pie chartTo make up for

To be responsible for

To rank second with

To account for

To hold the first rank with

Notice Lu vth ng t

Th ca chart l qu kh => chia th qu kh Th ca chart khng xc nh => chia th hin ti Th ca chart l tng lai=> chia th tng lai kt hp s dng cc partterns

Lu v ni dung Focus on comparison and contrast relation Focus only on 2-4 kinds of data Tng s cu tkhng c qu 12 cu v 200 t. Vt qua b tr 25% score.

Lu s t, s nhiu Khng c thm S sau thousand/percent/million/etc. nu c s c thi km Nu ko c s liu c th, phi thm S The amount/number of ... +

zzzzz ielts writing temp

Documents