z/os v1r6.0 c/c++ programming guide - cvut.czoberhtom/mainframe/...repositioning within files . . ....
TRANSCRIPT
-
z/OS
C/C++Programming
Guide
SC09-4765-05
���
-
z/OS
C/C++Programming
Guide
SC09-4765-05
���
-
Note
Before
using
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be
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read
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“Notices”
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939.
Sixth
Edition,
September
2004
This
is
a
major
revision
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SC09-4765-04.
This
edition
applies
to
Version
1
Release
6
of
z/OS
C/C++
(5694-A01),
Version
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Release
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-
Contents
About
this
document
.
.
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. xxiii
How
to
read
syntax
diagrams
.
.
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. xxiii
Symbols
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. xxiii
Syntax
items
.
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. xxiii
Syntax
examples
.
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.
. xxiv
z/OS
C/C++
and
related
publications
.
.
.
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.
. xxv
Softcopy
documents
.
.
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. xxx
Softcopy
examples
.
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.
. xxx
z/OS
C/C++
on
the
World
Wide
Web
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
. xxx
Where
to
find
more
information
.
.
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.
. xxxi
Part
1.
Introduction
.
.
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.
. 1
Chapter
1.
About
IBM
z/OS
C/C++
.
.
.
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.
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.
. 3
Changes
for
z/OS
V1R6
.
.
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. 3
The
C/C++
compilers
.
.
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. 5
The
C
language
.
.
.
.
.
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. 5
The
C++
language
.
.
.
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.
.
. 5
Common
features
of
the
z/OS
C
and
C++
compilers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 5
z/OS
C
Compiler
specific
features
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
. 7
z/OS
C++
Compiler
specific
features
.
.
.
.
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. 7
Class
libraries
.
.
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. 7
Utilities
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. 7
dbx
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. 8
z/OS
Language
Environment
.
.
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.
. 8
z/OS
Language
Environment
downward
compatibility
.
.
.
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.
.
. 9
About
prelinking,
linking,
and
binding
.
.
.
.
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.
. 10
Notes
on
the
prelinking
process
.
.
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. 10
File
format
considerations
.
.
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. 11
The
program
management
binder
.
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. 11
z/OS
UNIX
System
Services
.
.
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. 12
z/OS
C/C++
Applications
with
z/OS
UNIX
System
Services
C/C++
functions
13
Input
and
output
.
.
.
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. 14
I/O
interfaces
.
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. 14
File
types
.
.
.
.
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. 14
Additional
I/O
features
.
.
.
.
.
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.
. 15
The
System
Programming
C
facility
.
.
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. 16
Interaction
with
other
IBM
products
.
.
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.
. 16
Additional
features
of
z/OS
C/C++
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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. 18
Part
2.
Input
and
Output
.
.
.
.
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.
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. 21
Chapter
2.
Introduction
to
C
and
C++
input
and
output
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 23
Types
of
C
and
C++
input
and
output
.
.
.
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. 23
Text
streams
.
.
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. 23
Binary
streams
.
.
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. 24
Record
I/O
.
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. 24
Chapter
3.
Understanding
models
of
C
I/O
.
.
.
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. 25
The
record
model
for
C
I/O
.
.
.
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. 25
Record
formats
.
.
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.
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. 25
The
byte
stream
model
for
C
I/O
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 34
©
Copyright
IBM
Corp.
1996,
2004
iii
||
||
-
Mapping
the
C
types
of
I/O
to
the
byte
stream
model
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 34
Chapter
4.
Using
the
Standard
C++
Library
I/O
Stream
Classes
.
.
.
.
. 37
Advantages
to
Using
the
C++
I/O
Stream
Classes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 37
Predefined
Streams
for
C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
. 38
How
C++
I/O
Streams
Relate
to
C
Streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 38
Mixing
the
Standard
C++
I/O
Stream
Classes,
USL
I/O
Stream
Class
Library,
and
C
I/O
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
. 38
Specifying
File
Attributes
.
.
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. 39
Chapter
5.
Opening
files
.
.
.
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. 41
Prototypes
of
functions
.
.
.
.
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. 41
Categories
of
I/O
.
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. 42
Specifying
what
kind
of
file
to
use
.
.
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. 44
OS
files
.
.
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. 44
HFS
files
.
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. 44
VSAM
data
sets
.
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. 44
Terminal
files
.
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. 44
Memory
files
and
hiperspace
memory
files
.
.
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. 45
CICS
data
queues
.
.
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. 46
z/OS
Language
Environment
Message
file
.
.
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. 46
How
to
specify
RECFM,
LRECL,
and
BLKSIZE
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
. 46
fopen()
defaults
.
.
.
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. 48
DDnames
.
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. 50
Avoiding
Undesirable
Results
when
Using
I/O
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 51
How
z/OS
C/C++
determines
what
kind
of
file
to
open
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 51
MAP
0010:
Under
TSO,
MVS
batch,
IMS
—
POSIX(ON)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 52
MAP
0020:
Under
TSO,
MVS
batch,
IMS
—
POSIX(OFF)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 56
MAP
0030:
Under
CICS
.
.
.
.
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. 59
Chapter
6.
Buffering
of
C
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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. 61
Chapter
7.
Using
ASA
text
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
. 63
Example
of
writing
to
an
ASA
file
.
.
.
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. 63
CCNGAS1
.
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. 63
ASA
file
control
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
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.
.
. 64
Chapter
8.
z/OS
C
Support
for
the
double-byte
character
set
.
.
.
.
.
. 67
Opening
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
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. 68
Reading
streams
and
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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. 68
Writing
streams
and
files
.
.
.
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.
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. 69
Writing
text
streams
.
.
.
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. 70
Writing
binary
streams
.
.
.
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.
. 71
Flushing
buffers
.
.
.
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. 71
Flushing
text
streams
.
.
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.
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.
. 71
Flushing
binary
streams
.
.
.
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.
. 72
ungetwc()
considerations
.
.
.
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.
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.
. 72
Setting
positions
within
files
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
. 73
Repositioning
within
text
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 73
Repositioning
within
binary
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
. 73
ungetwc()
considerations
.
.
.
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.
. 73
Closing
files
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
.
. 74
Manipulating
wide
character
array
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 74
Chapter
9.
Using
C
and
C++
standard
streams
and
redirection
.
.
.
.
.
. 75
Default
open
modes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 76
iv
z/OS
V1R6.0
C/C++
Programming
Guide
||
-
Interleaving
the
standard
streams
with
sync_with_stdio()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 76
Interleaving
the
standard
streams
without
sync_with_stdio()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 78
Redirecting
standard
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 80
Redirecting
streams
from
the
command
line
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 80
Using
the
redirection
symbols
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 81
Assigning
the
standard
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 82
Using
the
freopen()
library
function
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 82
Redirecting
streams
with
the
MSGFILE
option
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 82
MSGFILE
considerations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 82
Redirecting
streams
under
z/OS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 84
Under
MVS
batch
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 84
Under
TSO
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 86
Under
IMS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 86
Under
CICS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 86
Passing
C
and
C++
standard
streams
across
a
system()
call
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 87
Passing
binary
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 87
Passing
text
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 88
Passing
record
I/O
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 89
Using
global
standard
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 90
Command
line
redirection
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 91
Direct
assignment
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 93
freopen()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 93
MSGFILE()
run-time
option
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 93
fclose()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 93
File
position
and
visible
data
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 93
C++
I/O
stream
library
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 93
Chapter
10.
Performing
OS
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 95
Opening
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 95
Using
fopen()
or
freopen()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 95
Generation
data
group
I/O
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 98
Regular
and
extended
partitioned
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 102
Partitioned
and
sequential
concatenated
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 103
In-stream
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 105
SYSOUT
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 105
Tapes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 106
Multivolume
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 106
Striped
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 107
Other
devices
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 107
fopen()
and
freopen()
parameters
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 108
Buffering
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 111
Multiple
buffering
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 112
DCB
(Data
Control
Block)
attributes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 113
Reading
from
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 115
Reading
from
binary
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 115
Reading
from
text
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 116
Reading
from
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 116
Writing
to
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 117
Writing
to
binary
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 117
Writing
to
text
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 118
Writing
to
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 121
Flushing
buffers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 121
Updating
existing
records
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 121
Reading
updated
records
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 121
Writing
new
records
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 122
ungetc()
considerations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 123
Contents
v
-
Repositioning
within
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 124
ungetc()
considerations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 124
How
long
fgetpos()
and
ftell()
values
last
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 125
Using
fseek()
and
ftell()
in
binary
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 125
Using
fseek()
and
ftell()
in
text
files
(ASA
and
Non-ASA)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 126
Using
fseek()
and
ftell()
in
record
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 127
Porting
old
C
code
that
uses
fseek()
or
ftell()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 127
Closing
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 127
CCNGOS4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 129
Renaming
and
removing
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 130
fldata()
behavior
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 130
Chapter
11.
Performing
UNIX
file
system
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 133
Creating
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 133
Regular
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 133
Link
and
symbolic
link
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 134
Directory
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 134
Character
special
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 134
FIFO
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 134
Opening
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 134
Using
fopen()
or
freopen()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 135
Reading
from
HFS
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 138
Opening
and
reading
from
HFS
directory
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 139
Writing
to
HFS
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 139
Flushing
records
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 139
Setting
positions
within
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 140
Closing
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 140
Deleting
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 140
Pipe
I/O
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 141
Using
unnamed
pipes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 141
Using
named
pipes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 142
Character
special
file
I/O
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 146
Low-level
z/OS
UNIX
System
Services
I/O
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 146
Example
of
HFS
I/O
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 147
CCNGHF3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 147
CCNGHF4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 150
fldata()
behavior
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 152
File
tagging
and
conversion
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 153
Access
Control
Lists
(ACLs)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 154
Chapter
12.
Performing
VSAM
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 157
VSAM
types
(data
set
organization)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 157
Access
method
services
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 158
Choosing
VSAM
data
set
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 158
Keys,
RBAs
and
RRNs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 160
Summary
of
VSAM
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 161
Opening
VSAM
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 163
Using
fopen()
or
freopen()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 163
Buffering
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 167
Record
I/O
in
VSAM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 167
RRDS
record
structure
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 167
Reading
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 168
Writing
to
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 169
Updating
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 170
Deleting
records
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 171
Repositioning
within
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 171
vi
z/OS
V1R6.0
C/C++
Programming
Guide
||
-
Flushing
buffers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 173
Summary
of
VSAM
record
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 174
VSAM
record
level
sharing
and
transactional
VSAM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 174
Error
reporting
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 176
Text
and
binary
I/O
in
VSAM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 176
Reading
from
text
and
binary
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 177
Writing
to
and
updating
text
and
binary
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 177
Deleting
records
in
text
and
binary
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 177
Repositioning
within
text
and
binary
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 177
Flushing
buffers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 179
Summary
of
VSAM
text
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 179
Summary
of
VSAM
binary
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 180
Closing
VSAM
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 182
VSAM
return
codes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 182
VSAM
examples
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 182
KSDS
example
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 183
RRDS
example
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 191
fldata()
behavior
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 194
Chapter
13.
Performing
terminal
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 197
Opening
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 197
Using
fopen()
and
freopen()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 197
Buffering
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 199
Reading
from
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 200
Reading
from
binary
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 200
Reading
from
text
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 201
Reading
from
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 201
Writing
to
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 201
Writing
to
binary
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 202
Writing
to
text
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 202
Writing
to
record
I/O
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 203
Flushing
records
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 203
Text
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 203
Binary
streams
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 203
Record
I/O
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 204
Repositioning
within
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 204
Closing
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 204
fldata()
behavior
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 204
Chapter
14.
Performing
memory
file
and
hiperspace
I/O
operations
.
.
. 207
Using
hiperspace
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 207
Opening
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 208
Using
fopen()
or
freopen()
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 208
Simulating
partitioned
data
sets
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 212
Buffering
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 214
Reading
from
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 215
Writing
to
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 216
Flushing
records
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 216
ungetc()
considerations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 216
Repositioning
within
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 217
Closing
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 217
Performance
tips
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 217
Removing
memory
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 218
fldata()
behavior
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 218
Example
program
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 219
CCNGMF3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 219
Contents
vii
-
CCNGMF4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 220
Chapter
15.
Performing
CICS
I/O
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 221
Chapter
16.
Language
Environment
Message
file
operations
.
.
.
.
.
. 223
Opening
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 223
Reading
from
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 223
Writing
to
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 224
Flushing
buffers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 224
Repositioning
within
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 224
Closing
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 224
Chapter
17.
Debugging
I/O
programs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 225
Using
the
__amrc
structure
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 225
CCNGDI1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 227
Using
the
__amrc2
structure
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 228
Using
__last_op
codes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 229
Using
the
SIGIOERR
signal
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 232
CCNGDI2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 232
Part
3.
Interlanguage
Calls
with
z/OS
C/C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 235
Chapter
18.
Using
Linkage
Specifications
in
C
or
C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 237
Syntax
for
Linkage
in
C
or
C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 237
Syntax
for
Linkage
in
C
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 237
Syntax
for
Linkage
in
C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 238
Kinds
of
Linkage
used
by
C
or
C++
Interlanguage
Programs
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 238
Using
Linkage
Specifications
in
C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 240
Chapter
19.
Combining
C
or
C++
and
Assembler
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 243
Establishing
the
z/OS
C/C++
environment
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 243
Specifying
linkage
for
C
or
C++
to
Assembler
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 244
Parameter
lists
for
OS
linkage
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 245
XPLINK
Assembler
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 245
Using
standard
macros
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 247
Non-XPLINK
assembler
prolog
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 248
Non-XPLINK
assembler
epilog
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 248
XPLINK
Assembler
prolog
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 248
XPLINK
Call
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 250
XPLINK
Assembler
epilog
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 252
Accessing
automatic
memory
in
the
non-XPLINK
stack
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 252
Calling
C
code
from
Assembler
—
C
example
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 253
CCNGCA4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 253
CCNGCA2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 254
CCNGCA5
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 254
Calling
run-time
library
routines
from
Assembler
—
C++
example
.
.
.
.
.
. 255
CCNGCA1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 255
CCNGCA2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 255
CCNGCA3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 256
Register
content
at
entry
to
a
non-XPLINK
ASM
routine
using
OS
linkage
256
Register
content
at
exit
from
a
non-XPLINK
ASM
routine
to
z/OS
C/C++
.
.
. 256
Retaining
the
C
environment
using
preinitialization
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 257
Setting
up
the
interface
for
preinitializable
programs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 258
Preinitializing
a
C
program
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 261
Multiple
preinitialization
compatibility
interface
C
environments
.
.
.
.
.
. 268
Using
the
service
vector
and
associated
routines
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 271
viii
z/OS
V1R6.0
C/C++
Programming
Guide
||
-
Part
4.
Coding:
Advanced
Topics
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 277
Chapter
20.
Building
and
using
Dynamic
Link
Libraries
(DLLs)
.
.
.
.
. 279
Support
for
DLLs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 280
DLL
concepts
and
terms
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 280
Loading
a
DLL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 281
Loading
a
DLL
implicitly
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 281
Loading
a
DLL
explicitly
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 282
Managing
the
use
of
DLLs
when
running
DLL
applications
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 286
Loading
DLLs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 287
Sharing
DLLs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 288
Freeing
DLLs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 288
Creating
a
DLL
or
a
DLL
application
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 289
Building
a
simple
DLL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 289
Example
of
building
a
simple
C
DLL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 289
Example
of
building
a
simple
C++
DLL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 290
Compiling
your
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 291
Binding
your
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 292
Building
a
simple
DLL
application
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 293
Steps
for
using
an
implicitly
loaded
DLL
in
your
simple
DLL
application
293
Creating
and
using
DLLs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 294
DLL
restrictions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 295
Improving
performance
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 297
Chapter
21.
Building
complex
DLLs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 299
Rules
for
compiling
source
code
with
XPLINK
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 300
XPLINK
applications
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 300
Non-XPLINK
applications
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 300
Compatibility
issues
between
DLL
and
non-DLL
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 303
Pointer
assignment
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 305
Function
pointers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 305
DLL
function
pointer
call
in
non-DLL
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 307
C
example
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 308
Non-DLL
function
pointer
call
in
DLL(CBA)
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 310
Non-DLL
function
pointer
call
in
DLL
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 312
Function
pointer
comparison
in
non-DLL
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 313
Function
pointer
comparison
in
DLL
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 316
Using
DLLs
that
call
each
other
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 318
Chapter
22.
Programming
for
a
z/OS
64-bit
environment
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 325
Overview
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 325
When
to
port
programs
to
a
64-bit
environment
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 325
31-bit
versus
32-bit
terminology
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 326
Using
prototypes
to
avoid
debugging
problems
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 326
The
LP64
data
model
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 326
LP64
restrictions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 326
ILP32
and
LP64
type
sizes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 327
z/OS
C/C++
compiler
behavior
under
ILP32
and
LP64
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 327
Impact
of
data
model
on
structure
alignment
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 328
Impact
of
data
model
on
pointer
size
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 332
Impact
of
data
model
on
a
printf
subroutine
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 333
Preprocessor
macro
selection
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 333
Potential
pointer
corruption
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 334
Incorrect
pointer-to-int
and
int-to-pointer
conversions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 334
Potential
loss
of
data
in
constant
expressions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 335
Example
of
potential
data
alignment
problems
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 336
Contents
ix
||
||
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-
Defining
pad
members
to
avoid
data
alignment
problems
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 337
Mixing
object
files
during
binding
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 339
LP64
application
performance
and
program
size
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 339
Migrating
applications
from
ILP32
to
LP64
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 340
Checklist
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 340
Using
header
files
to
provide
type
definitions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 341
Aligning
data
mode
and
data
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 341
Using
locales
under
different
data
modes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 347
Using
converters
under
different
data
modes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 347
Searching
source
code
for
migration
issues
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 348
Using
diagnostics
to
identify
potential
problems
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 348
Using
the
CHECKOUT
or
INFO
option
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 348
Using
the
WARN64
option
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 349
Chapter
23.
Using
threads
in
z/OS
UNIX
System
Services
applications
351
Models
and
requirements
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 351
Functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 351
Creating
a
thread
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 351
Synchronization
primitives
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 352
Thread-specific
data
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 356
Signals
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 358
Generating
a
signal
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 358
Thread
cancellation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 359
Cleanup
for
threads
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 360
Behaviors
and
restrictions
in
z/OS
UNIX
System
Services
applications
.
.
.
. 361
Using
threads
with
MVS
files
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 361
Thread-scoped
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 362
Unsafe
thread
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 363
Fetched
functions
and
writable
statics
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 363
MTF
and
z/OS
UNIX
System
Services
threading
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 363
Thread
queuing
function
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 363
Thread
scheduling
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 363
iconv()
family
of
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 364
Chapter
24.
Reentrancy
in
z/OS
C/C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 365
Natural
or
constructed
reentrancy
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 366
Limitations
of
constructed
reentrancy
for
C
programs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 366
Controlling
external
static
in
C
programs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 366
Controlling
writable
strings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 367
Controlling
the
memory
area
in
C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 368
Controlling
where
string
literals
exist
in
C++
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 369
Example
of
how
to
make
string
literals
modifiable
(CCNGRE2)
.
.
.
.
.
. 369
Using
writable
static
in
Assembler
code
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 369
Example
of
referencing
objects
in
the
writeable
static-area,
Part
1
(CCNGRE3)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 370
Example
of
referencing
objects
in
the
writeable
static-area,
Part
2
(CCNGRE4)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 371
Chapter
25.
Using
the
decimal
data
type
in
C
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 373
Declaring
decimal
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 373
Declaring
fixed-point
decimal
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 374
Declaring
decimal
variables
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 374
Defining
decimal-related
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 375
Using
operators
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.