zoe battery durability, field experience and future...
TRANSCRIPT
1RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
ZOE Battery Durability, Field Experience and
Future Vision
Dr. Bruno DELOBEL, Dr. Isabel JIMENEZ GORDON, Dr. Lucie LEVEAU
Renault Battery Development Department
2RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
World EV Market
Kangoo ZEFluence / SM3ZOE Twizy
LEAF e-NV200
Alliance Cumulated EV sales:
>350k:
▪ ~250k for NISSAN
▪ ~100k for RENAULT
2016 Alliance EV sale:
~100k for the Alliance
2016 Word wide EV Sales:
~500k (~250k for China)
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Installation in the Renault ZOE
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ZOE Electric Drive Components
ZOE made in Flins (France)
Driving Range
400km (NEDC)
E-Powertrain made in Cleon (France)
65kW, 220Nm
22kW AC integrated charger
Battery assembled in Flins (France)
Usable energy
41 kWh
Voltage : 240V-403V DC
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Battery Pack for ZOE
Usable Energy 41kWh
Maximum power 80kW
Nominal voltage 360V
Pack weight300kg
(+21kg)
Service Disconnect Switch
High voltage connector
Cooling air interface
(1 inlet / 2 outlets)
12 modules inside
No pack modification to reach 400km (NEDC)
Only module and BMS SW evolution
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ZOE NEDC range evolution since 2013
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
NE
DC
Ra
ng
e (
km
)
Year
210km
240km
400km
E-powertrain
R240
New Battery
ZE40
7RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
ZOE Battery Energy Density Improvement
ZOE 240km
ZOE 400km
Improvements mainly based on cell design
How to go from 240 to 400km based on cell energy density improvements?
20% 80%
Cell Chemistry
Cell design
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Driving range evolution
> 2020
Range(NEDC km)
210 km2013
2016
2013-2016
240 km
400 km
~ 600 km
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Ce
llEn
erg
yD
ensi
ty(W
h/l
), (W
h/k
g)
Year
160 Wh/kg
300 Wh/l
Cell performance evolution
10RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Ce
llEn
erg
yD
ensi
ty(W
h/l
), (W
h/k
g)
Year
160 Wh/kg
300 Wh/l
500 Wh/l
240 Wh/kg
Cell performance evolution
11RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Li-ion Technology
~350 Wh/kg
~800 Wh/l
Cell performance evolution
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Ce
llEn
erg
yD
ensi
ty(W
h/l
), (W
h/k
g)
Year
160 Wh/kg
300 Wh/l
500 Wh/l
240 Wh/kg
12RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Li-ion Technology
~350 Wh/kg
~800 Wh/l
500 Wh/kg
1000 Wh/l
Post Li-ion?
Cell performance evolution
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Ce
llEn
erg
yD
ensi
ty(W
h/l
), (W
h/k
g)
Year
160 Wh/kg
300 Wh/l
500 Wh/l
240 Wh/kg
13RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Cell performance evolution
500Wh/l 800Wh/l
“New” chemistries needed for reaching 800Wh/l
How to go from 500 to 800Wh/l cell energy density?
?Cell
ChemistryCell design
▪ Ni-rich
▪ Si-based
▪ Electrolyte
▪ Additives
▪ Space optimization
▪ Thinner foils
▪ High loading
▪ Separator
14RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Cycle life requirement estimation
Requirements Roadmap for EV
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Cy
cle
nu
mb
er
Total pack energy (kWh)
Usage 1
Usage 2
Usage 3
Usage 1 < Usage 2 < Usage 3
City Highway
15RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Cycle life requirement estimation
Requirements Roadmap for EV
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Cy
cle
nu
mb
er
Total pack energy (kWh)
Usage 1
Usage 2
Usage 3
Usage 1 < Usage 2 < Usage 3
City Highway
2013
16RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Cycle life requirement estimation
Requirements Roadmap for EV
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Cy
cle
nu
mb
er
Total pack energy (kWh)
Usage 1
Usage 2
Usage 3
Usage 1 < Usage 2 < Usage 3
City Highway
2013
2016
17RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Cycle life requirement will not decrease… (too much)
Cycle life requirement estimation
Requirements Roadmap for EV
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Cy
cle
nu
mb
er
Total pack energy (kWh)
Usage 1
Usage 2
Usage 3
Usage 1 < Usage 2 < Usage 3
City Highway
2013
201620XX 20XX
18RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Customers’ usages need to be mastered for better battery design
ZOE ZE22 Battery: Durability
Storage Cycling+Durability =
▪ T°C
▪ SOC
▪ T°C
▪ Energy throughput
▪ Power
▪ SOC range
▪ …
19RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Average T°C~15°C
ZOE ZE22 Battery: Feedback on T°C distribution
-10°C<T°C<40°C
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ZOE ZE22 Battery: Feedback on mileage distribution
Daily usage for short distance (Average~40km/day)
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ZOE ZE22 Battery: Feedback on mileage distribution
Daily usage for short distance (Average~40km/day)
Mild
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ZOE ZE22 Battery: Feedback on mileage distribution
Daily usage for short distance (Average~40km/day)
MildAverage
23RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
ZOE ZE22 Battery: Feedback on mileage distribution
Daily usage for short distance (Average~40km/day)
MildAverage
Severe
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Expected durability is achieved and confirmed by our life estimation model
ZOE ZE22 Battery Durability: Example of 3 usage cases
Field data Model result
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CONCLUSIONS
RENAULT succeed to increase the driving range from240km* (ZE22) to 400km* (ZE40) without modifying the packarchitecture
Renault will adapt this new chemistry to others vehicles (i.e.Kangoo ZE, Master ZE,…)
ZE22 Battery life has been confirmed through field dataanalysis and life estimation model
For achieving higher energy density, “new” chemistries areneeded (i.e. Si-based anode, Ni-rich, Electrolyte, Additives…)
*NEDC cycle
26RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
Kangoo ZEFluence/SM3 ZE
TwizyZOE ZE40
RENAULT ZE VEHICLES
http://www.renault-ze.com/
27RENAULT PROPERTYAABC Europe 2017
New Kangoo ZEMASTER ZE
RENAULT ZE VEHICLES to be launched
200km (NEDC) 270km (NEDC)
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Thank you for your attention