zigbee protocol
TRANSCRIPT
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ZigBee Protocol&
IEEE 802.15.4-Tanveer Jinabade-Dhruvesh Gajaria-Imran Kundawala
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What is IEEE 802.15.4? Why wireless communication is necessary? Why is it called ZigBee? Various types of ZigBee modules. How does communication take place? Various network topologies of ZigBee. ZigBee & other types of wireless
communications. Future Scope in field of Automation. Research Papers References.
Brief Overview
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The 802 Wireless Space
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Physical layer and media access contol for low rate wireless personal area networks
(LR-WPANs) Basis for the ZigBee, WirelessHART, and
MiWi specification
IEEE 802.15.4 specifies:
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A wireless network which offers:• Low cost• Low power consumption• Low speed of communication
IEEE 802.15.4 tries to achieve:
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and many more....
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The IEEE 802.15.4 standard was completed in May 2003.
The ZigBee specifications were ratified on 14 December 2004.
The ZigBee Alliance announced public availability of Specification 1.0 on 13 June 2005.
Much research is still going on with ZigBee.
Brief History
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Uses the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol Cost effective Low power consumption Works on 2.4 GHz, 915 MHz, 868 MHz ISM freq. Maximum data rates for each band are 250
kbps, 40 kbps and 20 kbps, respectively Air interface is direct sequence spread
spectrum (DSSS) using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) for 868 MHz and 915 MHz and offset-quaderature phase shift keying (OQPSK) for 2.4 GHz
ZigBee protocol
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ZigBee Frequency Bands
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– “the software”
– Network, Security & Application layers
– Brand management
IEEE 802.15.4– “the hardware”
– Physical & Media Access Control layers
IEEE 802.15.4 & ZigBee In Context
PHY868MHz / 915MHz / 2.4GHz
MAC
NetworkStar / Mesh / Cluster-Tree
Security32- / 64- / 128-bit encryption
Application
API
ZigBeeAlliance
IEEE 802.15.4
Customer
Silicon Stack App
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It has been suggested that the name evokes
the haphazard paths that bees follow as they harvest pollen, similar to the way packets would move through a mesh network
Why is it called ZigBee?
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Bee dance used for communication:
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The manufacturers of ZigBee module include companies like:
ATMEL
DiGi
Helicomm
Various types of ZigBee modules
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Digi
XBee™ Series 2 OEM RF Modules
Reason: Cheap and easily available
Our Selection
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Operating Frequency Band ISM 2.4 GHz Indoor/Urban Range up to 133 ft. (40 m) Outdoor RF line-of-sight Range up to 400 ft. (120
m) RF Data Rate 250Kbps Supply Voltage 2.8 – 3.4 V Operating Current (Transmit) 40mA (@ 3.3 V) Operating Current (Receive) 40mA (@ 3.3 V) Power-down Current < 1 uA @ 25deg.C Supported Network Topologies Point-to-point,
Point-to-multipoint, Peer-to-peer & Mesh
Important specifications of
XBee™ Series 2 OEM RF Modules :
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STAR
MESH
POINT-TO-POINT
CLUSTER
ZigBee Network Topologies
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Network Topologies
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ZigBee Network Devices
ZigBee Coordinator (ZBC) (IEEE 802.15.4 FFD)
• Only one in a network• Initiates network• Stores information about the network• All devices communicate with the ZBC• Routing functionality• Bridge to other networks
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•Optional component•Routes between nodes•Extends network coverage•Manages local address allocation/de-
allocation
ZigBee Router (ZBR) (IEEE 802.15.4 FFD)
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•Optimized for low power consumption•Cheapest device type•Communicates only with the
coordinator•Sensor would be deployed here
ZigBee End Device (ZBE) (IEEE 802.15.4 RFD)
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ZigBee Network
Co-ordinator
Router
Router
Router
End-device
End-device
End-device
End-device
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ZigBee Network
Co-ordinator
Router
Router
Router
End-device
End-device
End-device
End-device
Obstacle
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ZigBee Network
Co-ordinator
Router
Router
Router
End-device
End-device
End-device
End-deviceObstacle
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ZigBee & other wireless networks
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Operates in Personal Area Networks (PAN’s) and device-to-device networks
Connectivity between small packet devices
Control of lights, switches, thermostats, appliances, etc.
ZigBee Uses
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ZigBee Uses:
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Research Papers Time Synchronization for ZigBee Networks
ZigBee: “Wireless Control That Simply Works”
Journal of Neuro engineering and Rehabilitation
Development of Ubiquitous Sensor Network
Wireless Technologies for Data Acquisition Systems
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ZigBee’s Future
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[1] ZigBee Specifications v1.0
[2] “Designing with 802.15.4 and ZigBee”, Presentation Slides, available on ZigBee.org
[3] IEEE 802.15.4 Specification
[4] “Network Layer Overview”, Presentation Slides, Ian Marsden, Embedded Systems Show, Birmingham, October 12th, 2006, 064513r00ZB_MG_Network_Layer_Overview.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
[5] “Designing a ZigBee Network”, Presentation Slides, David Egan, Ember Corporation, ESS 2006, Birmingham, 064516r00ZG_MG_Network_Design.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
[6] “ZigBee Architecture Overview”, Presentation Slides, Oslo, Norway June 2005, ZigBee_Architecture_and_Specifications_Overview.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
REFERENCES:
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