zigbee and ieee 802.15 - team.inria.fr · zigbee alliance introduction to zigbee/802.15.4 mardi 15...
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ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4 A (tiny) introduction
FUN Research Group i-Lab ETIPOPS Inria Lille – Nord Europe Etineo
Roudy DAGHER mardi 15 avril 14
The ZigBee metaphor
A group of bees distributed in a large field want to relay a message to a hive :
1. Each bee perform a specific zigzag dance 2. The dance is repeated by the next bee slightly closer to the hive 3. Repeat the process until the message reaches the hive
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OBJECTIVES
1. Background and Reference material for ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4
2. The example of BitCloud stack implementation
3. Demo with SerialNet and protocol sniffing
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References
• Books – “ZigBee Wireless Networks and Transceivers”. Dr. Shahin Farahani. – “Zigbee Wireless Networking”. Drew Gislason.
• Tutorials – Jennic: e-learning course
• BitCloud Zigbee stack from Atmel – Stack: AVR2050, AVR 2052, BitCloud API Reference – OTAU : AVR2054, AVR2058 – SerialNet: AVR2051
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OUTLINE
1. ZigBee Standard Essentials and pros
2. IEEE 802.15.4 standard essentials
3. Atmel BitCloud stack overview & demo(s)
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ZigBee – “A” WSN standard
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• Motivations - Low cost, and ultra-low power consumption - Unlicensed radio bands - Flexible and extensible: on-line nodes add/removal - Automatic network management & routing - Interoperability & coexistence
• Typical Application Areas: low data rates - Building automation: ex. HVAC, light - Monitoring: health care, vehicular, agriculture, water level, power consumption...etc
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ZigBee – Low Power Consumption
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• Autonomous network devices ü Battery powered ü Energy harvesting
• Enhancing power autonomy ü Low duty cycle ü Sleep mode ü Modulation schemes
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ZigBee – Easy to use
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• Less cables - No network cables - Power supply if no battery
• Configuration options - Pre-configured: by manufacturer, ex. Car sensors system.
- Self-configured: by end-user, ex. Home lighting system. - Custom: by System Integrator, ex. An OEM product.
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ZigBee Alliance
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• The ZigBee Alliance - Defines the standards: spec + PICS
- ZigBee & ZigBee PRO features - ZigBee IP : ZigBee over IP (6LowPAN) - Zigbee RF4CE : one to one communication
- Defines a set of application profiles (ZSE, ZHA…)
• Three compliancy levels - ZigBee Certified Product - ZigBee Compliant Platform - ZigBee Manufacturer Specific (or Network Capable)
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ZigBee Compliance
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• Three compliancy levels ü ZigBee Certified Product
ü Permits the use of ZigBee name, literature & logos ü Guarantees interoperability among products using the same public application profile
ü ZigBee Manufacturer Specific (or Network Capable) ü Permits the use of ZigBee name, literature & logos ü Guarantees the product does not interfere with other ZigBee networks
ü ZigBee Compliant Platform ü Required by ZigBee stack vendors ü Not required by product developers
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ZigBee Compliance 2/2
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• No certification ü Company must still join ZigBee Alliance ü No use of ZigBee name, literature, or logos is permitted
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ZigBee product example
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
Light Sensor
Light Controller
Zigbee Coordinator
Zigbee Router
Zigbee End Device
FFD RFD
Application Device Type
Logical Device Type
802.15.4 Device Type
End-user Perspective
Network Perspective
HW Capabilities Perspective
...
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ZigBee – Radio Communication
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• Channel Mask ü Fixed ü Best in List (agility)
• Tx Range ü 100m outdoor ü 30m indoor ü ~Km with amplifiers
• Center freq in 2.4 GHz band
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ZigBee – Data Communication Beacon-Enabled vs. Nonbeacon Networking
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• Contention-based channel access : CSMA/CA ü First node that finds the channel free ü That’s it !
• Contention-free channel access : GTS per device ü The PAN Coordinator syncs the nwk using beacons ü All devices must wakeup periodically to resync.
ZigBee – Data Transfer 1/2 Beacon-Enabled vs. Nonbeacon Networking
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ZigBee – Data Transfer 2/2 Beacon-Enabled vs. Nonbeacon Networking
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The Atmel BitCloud stack A real world example
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Serialnet Application Principle
mardi 15 avril 14 Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4
• Network configuration and management • Data transmission • Power management • Generic control • Host interface control • Hardware control • Remote management
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Introduction to ZigBee/802.15.4 mardi 15 avril 14
Demos with serialnet Zigbee frames analysis
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BitCloud – Network creation Demo
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1. Coordinator starts the network : 1. Beacon Request 2. Beacon
2. Router joins 1. Beacon Request / Beacon 2. Rejoin request/response and ACKs 3. ZDP Device announcement - broadcast
3. Link status messages
BitCloud – Broadcast Demo
1. Coord & router
2. Router broadcasts a data message with radius 12
3. Coordinator rebroadcasts: 1. Radius is decremented 2. Network frame is the same (src address) 3. MAC frame changes (src address)
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