Detailed Requirements for Editing Theses and Diploma Projects Written under the Supervision

of the Faculty of Management and Economics at Gdansk University of Technology.

Prepared by:

Beata Basińska, PhD., DSc.

Igor Garnik, PhD. Eng.

Update:

Igor Garnik, PhD. Eng.

Gdansk, 2019

(Title page downloaded from My GUT platform - page 1, invisible page number)

Student's name and surname: <name, surname>

ID: <ID number>

<Undergraduate studies / Postgraduate studies>

Mode of study: <full-time course / part-time course>

Field of study: <name of the field of studies>

Specialization/profile: <name of specialization / profile>

<MASTER'S / BACHELOR'S THESIS / ENGINEERING PROJECT>

Title of the thesis: Detailed Requirements for Editing Theses and Diploma Projects

Written under the Supervision of the Faculty of Management and Economics at Gdansk

University of Technology.

Title of the thesis (in Polish): Szczegółowe wymagania edytorskie dotyczące prac

i projektów dyplomowych realizowanych na Wydziale Zarządzania i Ekonomii Politechniki

Gdańskiej.

Confirmation of the thesis acceptance

Thesis supervisor

signature

Head of Department

signature

<Title, degree, name and surname> <Title, degree, name and surname>

Gdansk, 2019-------- Section Break (Next Page) --------

(blank page - page 2, invisible page number)

-------- Section Break (Next Page) --------

ABSTRACT (IN POLISH)(page 3, visible page number)

The thesis Abstract (maximum 1 page) should feature the following: the statement of

the scientific or practical problem to be addressed, the aim and scope of the thesis, the

description of the applied research methods, findings and key conclusions.

Keywords: ... (from 2 to 5 keywords)

Field of Science and Technology, as required by OECD: <field >, <technology >, …

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3

ABSTRACT (page 4, visible number)

Abstract (maximum 1 page) is a summary of the thesis in English, which contains the

same elements as the abstract in Polish.

Keywords:

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4

TABLE OF CONTENTS(page 5, visible number)

Line spacing in the Table of Contents is 1 line. Spacing for the top paragraph is 0 pts

and for the bottom one 6 pts.

The Table of Contents should be arranged according to the standard shown below.

Appropriate page numbers should be provided. When using MS Word programs the table of contents can be generated automatically using one of the text styles. Then, however, it has to

be verified for compliance with the following standard presented below.

List of key symbols and abbreviations ................................................................... page number

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ page number

2. Title of the second chapter ................................................................................ page number

2.1. Title of subchapter .......................................................................................... page number

2.1.1. Title of subchapter ....................................................................................... page number

2.2. Title of subchapter .......................................................................................... page number

----- Subsequent chapters, subchapters and points .............................................. page number

5. Conclusions ....................................................................................................... page number

Reference List ....................................................................................................... page number

List of figures ......................................................................................................... page number

List of tables .......................................................................................................... page number

List of appendices................................................................................................. page number

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5

LIST OF KEY SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS e – uncertainty of measurement

f – frequency [Hz]

i, j, l, m – indices

k – Boltzmann’s constant 1.38 ∙ 10-23 Ws/K

T – measurement time [s]

CDM – Context Driven Model

SOA – Service Oriented Architecture

NPV – Net Present Value

CFt – Net Cash Flow at time t

Symbols used in formulas should be typed in italics, whereas abbreviations in a regular

type.

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6

1. INTRODUCTIONThe presented document defines the requirements to be met by diploma theses and

projects written under the supervision of the Faculty of Management and Economics at Gdansk

University of Technology. This document is based on the "Ordinance of the Rector of the

Gdansk University of Technology No. 22/2018 of 20 June 2018 on the introduction of guidelines

for authors of diploma theses and diploma projects implemented at higher education institutions

at the Gdansk University of Technology, written in Polish and English" and previous

requirements of the Faculty of Management and Economics.

The following chapters contain detailed information about the formatting of the thesis

and the principles of quoting and referencing bibliographic sources. The appendices to the

document contain instructions for the use of the so-called source manager in MS Word text

editors. The term "source manager" is explained in subchapter 3.5.

The formatting of this paper complies with the standard obligatory for diploma theses

and projects.

In the Introduction to a diploma thesis, the background of the problem should be

specified as a justification for the importance of the subject matter in question. Furthermore, the

introduction should determine the purpose and expected results of the dissertation. In the

introduction it is also possible to present the structure of the thesis (the content of the chapters,

excluding the summary). The introduction should not exceed three pages.

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2. DOCUMENT FORMATTINGThis chapter presents detailed formal requirements for formatting a diploma thesis or

a diploma project.

2.1. Page layout

2.1.1. Page format

The thesis ought to be printed and bound in A4 format. In exceptional cases, larger

formats may be used for individual pages within a document, e.g. where the information (design

drawings, diagrams, tables, etc.) is too complex to fit on an A4 paper size without loss of

legibility. In such cases, larger-format pages shall be folded to A4 in such a way that the bound

page can be easily folded out.

2.1.2. Paper orientation

For the whole document, vertical orientation is assumed, however, horizontal orientation

is allowed in similar cases as described above. The page to be bound is positioned vertically by

turning it to the left.

2.1.3. Margins

The thesis is prepared for double-sided printing, so the margins should be mirrored:

top: 2.5 cm,

bottom: 2.5 cm,

internal: 3.5 cm,

external: 2.5 cm.

In MS Word text editors, this is achieved by selecting Mirror margins

and setting all margins to 2.5 cm and the binding margin to 1 cm. Pages

with non-standard format or orientation should also include such settings of margins.

2.1.4. Page numbering

Due to the double-sided printing used in the thesis, the page numbering should be

placed in the footer of the document and centred. On the title page and the following blank

page, the page number must not be visible. Beginning from the page containing the Abstract (page 3) and ending with the page containing the list of appendices, the numbering should be

continuous and written in Arabic numerals, using 9 pts Arial font. Pages in a non-standard

format or horizontally oriented which appear in a given thesis should also be numbered (e.g.

technical drawings, diagrams or schemes placed on folding A3 or A2 sheets).

In practice, the title page is downloaded from the Moja PG (My TUG) platform and the

second page is blank, therefore the first page of a document, written in a text editor, is page 3

containing the Abstract. The numbers of the title page and the second page of the document

should not be visible.

8

2.2. Text formatting

2.2.1. Body text

Below there are settings for the basic text used in a theses:

font: Arial,

basic font size: 10 pts,

line spacing 1.5 line,

the text should be aligned to both margins (justified),

each paragraph must begin with a 1.25 cm indentation.

2.2.2. Headings

A maximum of three heading levels are used in a thesis. All headings that are the titles

of chapters, subchapters and subchapter sections should be aligned to the left edge of the main

text. The typeface of the fonts used for the headings is shown in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1. Size of font used in the headings

Heading level Example Font size and style

1st level heading 1. CHAPTER TITLE 12 pts, uppercase, boldface

2nd level heading 1.1. Subchapter title 10 pts, boldface, italics

3rd level heading 1.1.1. Section of a subchapter 10 pts, italics

Source: authors’ elaboration

The title of the next chapter should always be placed on the new page. Each paragraph

containing the title of a chapter, subchapter or subchapter point has defined spaces:

top 12 pts,

bottom 6 pts.

2.2.3. Bulleted lists and numbering.

An example of a providing information in bullet points in a proper manner:

each element of the list should be followed by a bullet point and a text written in

small caps;

lines of the list should end with a comma or semicolon, and in the case of its last

element – with a full stop;

the bulleted list must not contain only one element;

in this document, the Bullets style is used to format the bulleted list text.

Numbered lists are also used for enumeration, as in the example below:

Each main element of the list must begin with an Arabic numeral followed by a text written in all

caps. The enumeration lines should end with a full stop. If the main element consists of

elements of the second level, then:

a) the next level of the list starts with the letter designations;

b) the text of the element begins with a lower case letter;

9

c) the numbering lines of the second and subsequent row should end with a comma or

semicolon, and in the case of the last element – with a full stop.

The numbered list must not contain only one element.

In this document, the Numbering style is used to format the numbered list text.

2.2.4. Formatting of tables and captions.

The caption of a table is placed directly above it and aligned to the left edge of the table.

As shown in the exemplary tables 2.1 and 2.2 below, it is recommended to use font size 9 pts

and to skip full stops at the end. The spacing used for the paragraph containing the table

description is as follows:

top 6 pts,

bottom 0 pts.

Two types of table cell formatting are allowed, depending on the contents of the table.

1) If the data in the table is of the text type, then it should be written as in the example

Table 2.1, i.e. in a 9 points font, aligning the text to the left edges of the table cells.

2) However, if the data is of a numerical type, it should be presented as shown in Table 2.2

below, i.e. in a 9 points font, in the first column the text should be aligned to the left and

then centred in the following columns. If the data in the table are presented in specific units

of measurement, these units should be given in column headings in square brackets, e.g.

"Gross income [million PLN]".

The numbering of tables is continuous within a chapter. The sequence number of the

table (in the table caption) is preceded by the word “Table” and the number of the chapter and

a full stop (e.g. Table 2.1. Size ...). Each table must be referred to in the text of the thesis, for

example as in a sentence: “Table 2.1 contains ...”.

The width of the table should not exceed the limits set for the text. If it is necessary to

split the table into subsequent pages, the table header must be duplicated on each page using

the option: right click on the header and then from context menu chose Table Properties... > tab:

Row > option: Repeat as header row at the top of each page.

10

Table 2.2. Remuneration of employees during the initial phase

Employee Rate [PLN/h]

Working hours

[h]

To be paid [PLN]

Project Manager 3,000* - 3,000

Analyst 50 84 4,200

Designer / programmer 70 42 2,940Architect / graphic designer 50 42 2,100

Tester 45 20 900

Programmer 60 30 1,800

Total: 14,940

* A one-off payment

Source: authors’ elaboration

If data included in a table require further explanation, the legend should appear in an

extra line at the bottom of the table. The text inside is left aligned, as shown in Table 2.2.

The data source must be placed under the table. Use a 9 point font to describe the data

source, aligning the text to the left edge of the table. The spacing used for the paragraph

containing the description of the data source are the same as for the title of the table, i.e.

top 6 pts,

bottom 0 pts.

The first paragraph under the table begins with a top spacing of 12 points.

2.2.5. Formatting of figures and captions.

Figures are numbered according to the order in which they appear in the chapter. In

a caption under the figure, the sequence number is preceded by the abbreviation Fig., the

chapter number and a full stop, e.g. Fig. 2.1.

All figures appearing in the thesis should be centred. The spacing used in the paragraph

in which Fig. 2.1 is placed are as follows:

top 12 pts,

bottom 0 pts.

The width of the figure should not exceed the limits set for the text. However, if the

figure is large and detailed enough to make the width of the text unreadable by adjusting it to

the width of the text, a different orientation of the thesis or a larger size of the page as described

in Subchapter 2.1 may be used.

Each figure must be referred to in the text of the thesis, for example, as in a sentence:

“Fig. 2.1 shows ...”. If the diploma thesis is written in Polish, all tables and figures must also be

in Polish.

An example of the correct arrangement of a figure and a caption under the figure is

shown below.

11

a) b)

Fig. 2.1. Emblem of the Gdansk University of Technology a) in the Polish language version, b) in the English language version. Source: Gdansk University of Technology – Visual Identity Book, 2013

The caption under the figure shall be in a 9 pts font. The text should be centred. The

source of the figure should also be given, without a full stop at the end. The top paragraph

spacing should be set at 6 points and the bottom paragraph at 12 points, the line spacing is

1 line.

The first paragraph below the figure begins with an upper spacing of 12 points.

2.2.6. Formatting of formulas.

When describing variables, italics should be used, e.g x, ni, ni+1, while symbols indicating

vectors or matrices should be written in bold, e.g. v, A. The minus sign should be placed directly

before the number without spaces, e.g. (–20). Symbols indicating degrees (°) and percentages

(%) should be placed directly after the value to which they refer, e.g. 25°C and 78%

respectively. When providing a numerical value and a unit of measure, they must be separated

with a space, e.g. 1 V, 10 km.

If possible, inserting equations (on the ribbon tab INSERT > Symbols > Equation)

directly in the text of the paragraph should be avoided. If it is possible to write the formula legibly

in one line, this should be done according to the following example: 1/2t2 or e2x+1. Then it is

necessary to specify what each symbol means, e.g. where: t – time [s].

Formulas that could become illegible when written in one line should be entered in the

next paragraph, e.g.:

s=vo⋅t+a⋅t 2

2 (2.1) where:

s – path in straight, monotonously accelerated motion [m],

vo – initial speed [m/s],

t – time of body movement [s],

a – acceleration [m/s2].

Each formula should be centred and have a designation on the right-hand side

indicating its number. The designation should be created from a pair of round brackets, inside

which there is another number preceded by a chapter number and a full stop. Each formula

must be invoked in the text of the thesis, for example, as in a sentence: The dependency (2.1)

makes it possible to estimate ...”.

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2.2.7. Text punctuation and aesthetics.

Care should be taken when using punctuation marks, spaces and tabulation marks in

the thesis. In the case of punctuation marks, the rule is that a full stop, colon, comma and

semicolon should be placed immediately after the preceding word, and separated from the next

word by a single space. E.g. “... a word. A word, ...”. Inserting spaces before these characters is

not allowed.

Ellipsis is separated by a single space from the adjacent words both before and after it

E.g. “A word ... a word”.

A hyphen (short dash) is used without spaces, e.g. to join adjectives: “socio-economic

effect”. The dash (long line – half pause) is separated by single spaces from the preceding and

following word. A dash is most often used for interjections in a sentence and for explaining

concepts, e.g. “A dash – a writing sign from a group of punctuation marks in the form of

a longer, horizontal line, located near the middle line of the writing.”

It is unacceptable to duplicate spaces, e.g. in order to increase the distance between

words – text editors automatically adjust the width of the space to maintain its best readability.

All the more reason not to replace the tab characters with multiple entries of spaces. If there is

a justified need to place the text elsewhere than it appears from the text style, the tab characters

should be used or the indentation or ejection of the text adjusted – the appropriate controls are

located on the line displayed above the page.

No conjunctions (“&”), indefinite articles (“a”) or one letter words, such as “I”, should be

left at the end of the lines. To move them, it is recommended to use the so-called manual line

breaks, which are inserted before the one letter word, using a combination of keys:

Shift + Enter.

Sometimes it happens that at the end of a line there is a numeric value and its units of

measurement have been moved to the next line. To avoid such a situation, a hard (non-

breaking) space between the number and the unit should be inserted, using a combination of

keys: Shift + Ctrl + Space.

2.2.8. Footnotes.

Any possible footnotes should be placed under the line, their symbols are consecutive

incremental values according to the order in which they appear in the thesis. Footnotes do not

apply to references to sources of literature1 – the correct way of referring to sources is described

in the next chapter. Insert footnotes using the option REFERENCES > Footnotes > Insert

Footnote.

Endnotes are not used in theses.

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1 The footnote contains additional comments or explanations on the text in question.

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3. REFERENCES TO BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOURCES IN THE TEXTWhile writing a qualification thesis, we justify our choices and invoke the views of other

authors by referring to previously published literature. We distinguish two basic ways of referring

to other works. Firstly, it is a reference to earlier works. Secondly, we have the possibility of

quoting. The first method reflects a summary of a view or thought. The second approach is to

literally quote a source text or a fragment of a statement. Below we present detailed rules of

referring to bibliographic sources in the text of the thesis, in accordance with the American

Psychological Association (APA) standard "Publication Manual", Sixth Edition.

3.1. References to literature (cross-references to works)When we want to quote the author's views, we can do it in two ways. First, in the text

we refer to the author's name, in parentheses we indicate the year of publication,

and then the author's views.

Example:

Warr (1994) presented a vitamin-based concept of work motivation.

The second way omits the author's name, which will appear in parentheses, where the

publication is quoted.

Example:

The vitamin-based concept of motivation (Warr, 1994) is a development of earlier theoretical

concepts such as the Characteristics of Motivational Potential of Work (Hackman and Oldham, 1976).

How to do this by writing the names of authors in the text and how to present it in

brackets? Below are some examples.

3.1.1. The source is the work of one author

If we refer to the work of one author, we give his or her name in round brackets

and a year.

Example:

Self-assessment is most often defined in general terms (Rosenberg, 1965).

or Self-assessment is most often defined in the general terms proposed by Rosenberg (1965).

3.1.2. The source is the work of two authors

In the case of two authors, the surnames are linked by a conjunction “and”, if we recall

their names in a sentence. While names are quoted in parentheses, they are separated by

a comma, and then the year of publication.

Example:

Judge and Bono (2001) proposed a new approach to self-evaluation combining personality traits,

emotions and self-esteem.

orThe new approach to self-evaluation combines personality traits with emotions and self-esteem

(Judge, Bono, 2001).

14

3.1.3. The source is the work of three, four or five authors

In the case of having three, four or five authors of works, we list their names using

a comma (in parenthesis) or the conjunction "and" before the last surname (when we list their

surnames in a sentence).

Example:

(...) while in order to evaluate our sense of self-efficacy we use the scale of General Self-efficacy

using the Internet version (Schwartz, Luszczynska, Guterrez-Dona, 2005).

or(...) while in order to evaluate our sense of self-efficacy we use the scale of General Self-Efficacy

using the Internet version by Schwartz, Luszczynska and Guterrez-Don (2005).

3.1.4. The source is the work of six or more authors.

When there are six or more authors, one should provide the surname of the first author

followed by the abbreviation “et al.” indicating other co-authors and the year of publication.

Example:

According to Kornitzer et al. (1983) extreme approach to (...)

orThe use of modelling of structural equations is an advanced technique by which we can omit the

limitations of simpler techniques (Kornitzer et al., 1983).

3.1.5. Summary and specific cases

Rules and special cases:

names of authors are separated by a comma;

quotations in parentheses should be separated by a semicolon, and their order

should be given in alphabetical order of the first author's surname;

if the reference to the source is at the end of the sentence, we put a full stop after

the parenthesis;

several works by the same author, which were published in different years, are

provided from the oldest to the most recent, e.g. (Sikorski, 2010, 2011);

several of the author's works published in the same year should be additionally

marked with the letters a, b, c (e.g. Sikorski, 2011a; Sikorski, 2011b);

it happens that we refer to works by two authors of the same name; in this case,

their names should always be preceded by the initials of their first names, e.g.

J. Wachowicz (2010) and K. Wachowicz and Brzozowska (1995) or (J. Wachowicz,

2010; K. Wachowicz, Brzozowska, 1995).

A summary of the above principles is presented in Table 3.1.

15

Table 3.1. Reference to sources in the text – the summary.

Number of authors of the thesis

First reference in the text

Further reference in the text

First reference in the text in parentheses

Further reference in the text in parentheses

One author Lis (2013) Lis (2013) (Lis, 2013) (Lis, 2013)Two authors Lis, Łopatowska

(2011)Lis, Łopatowska (2011)

(Lis, Łopatowska, 2011)

(Lis, Łopatowska, 2011)

Three to five authors

Lis, Łopatowska, Wirkus (2012)

Lis et al. (2012) (Lis, Łopatowska, Wirkus, 2012)

(Lis et al., 2012)

Six and more authors

Lis et al. (2010) Lis et al. (2010) (Lis et al., 2010) (Lis et al., 2010)

Authors of the same name

A. Lis, K. Lis (2014)

A. Lis, K. Lis (2014)

(A. Lis, K. Lis, 2014)

(A. Lis, K. Lis, 2014)

Works of one author from different years

Sikorski (2010, 2012)

Sikorski (2010, 2012)

(Sikorski, 2010, 2012)

(Sikorski, 2010, 2012)

Works of one author from the same year

Sikorski (2010a, 2010b)

Sikorski (2010a, 2010b)

(Sikorski, 2010a, 2010b)

(Sikorski, 2010a, 2010b)

Works by different authors in one parenthesis

- -(Garnik, 2008; Sikorski, 2012)

(Garnik, 2008; Sikorski, 2012)

Institution as an author:Institution known by the commonly accepted abbreviation

Faculty of Management and Economics (WZiE, 2014)

FM&E (2014) (Faculty of Management and Economics [WZiE], 2014)

(FM&E, 2014)

Institution – full name

Gdansk University of Technology (2014)

Gdansk University of Technology (2014)

(Gdansk University of Technology, 2014)

(Gdansk University of Technology, 2014)

Source: authors’ elaboration based on ...

3.2. Indirect referencesReferences to secondary sources (so-called indirect references) are not recommended.

However, if we read the interesting concept of one author in the publication of another and we

are unable to reach the original, we can exceptionally include such a quotation in the text of the

thesis.

Example:

Warr (1994, as cited in Bonk, Retowski, 2013) proposed a vitamin model.

3.3. Referencing information obtained personallyIf you wish to refer to another author’s views presented by him/her in person-to-person

communication or during a lecture, you should first state the fact it was personal communication

and then provide the communicator’s initial and surname along with the date of obtaining the

information.

Example:

The chronometric method was presented during a lecture on the Organisation of Labour

Processes (personal communication by J. Grabosz, 18 May 2014).

or According to J. Grabosz (personal communication, 18 May, 2014), the team leader is responsible

for the team's communication with the external environment.

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3.4. References to Internet sourcesReferences to information from the Internet sources should indicate the name of the

author and the year of publication. When information about authorship is not available then the

source title and its year of publication are to be given. If, however, the publication date is

unknown, either, the title is provided together with the date of downloading the source.

Example:

This topic was taken up in the article "Trust as a basis in e-commerce” (2010)

3.5. Use of source managersApplying a uniform style of reference to other works requires special care and, as the

examples above show, it is not easy. In this situation, the use of so-called source managers with

several functions may be helpful. There are many citation standards and the author is often

obliged (e.g. by the publisher) to use a specific standard (the so-called citation style); the source

manager therefore allows the choice of a specific standard, which:

1) allow to manage a collection of bibliographies related to the topics discussed in the

thesis – the author, while reviewing the literature, introduce descriptions of the read

items to the manager, and then by means of a simple selection (e.g. a mouse)

insert a reference to them in their work;

2) make it easier to check the completeness of bibliographic descriptions – by

formalising the introduction of literature items, so it is easy to check whether all

elements of the bibliographic description (e.g. author, year, title, publisher, etc.)

have been introduced;

3) create an automatic list of literature on the basis of sources used in the thesis - the

list of literature contains only those items to which the author refers in the thesis;

removing all references to a specific item of literature from the thesis automatically

removes it from the list at the end of the thesis.

Text editors such as MS Word have a built-in source manager, which is briefly

discussed in Appendix 1. There are also external applications (programs) for the management

of sources, which additionally have the function of importing bibliographic descriptions from

websites, databases or directly from electronic documents. The most popular applications of this

type are Mendeley, Zotero, and EndNote.

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4. QUOTATIONSIn the case of a literal reference to the words of other authors, as opposed to

paraphrasing, the name of the author, the year of publication and the page on which the

sentence appears must be stated each time. In the case of sources that do not have page

numbers, the paragraph number of the paragraph in which the question is raised should be

given. Obviously, all quoted sources are also included in the list of literature.

If the quote has less than 40 words, we mark it with a quotation mark. Again, as

in the case of references to sources that we paraphrase or summarize, we can do it in two

ways.

First of all, in a sentence, referring to the name of the author and their opinion.

Example:

Interpreting the results of our own research, Robbins et al. (2003) stated that "the

interdependencies between all the surveyed variables, excluding earnings, are statistically significant"

(p. 25), which is also consistent with the view of the authors of the presented thesis.

Secondly, we may not mention the names of the authors, but then we should give them

in parentheses.

Example:

The results of the published research showed that "moderate correlations between all surveyed

variables, excluding earnings, are statistically significant" (Robbins et al., 2003, p. 25).

If the quote we want to include exceeds 40 words, we should distinguish it by

indentation. In this case, we do not need to use quotes.

Example:

The following data shows the originality of the article:

The narrative literature review suggests that weak retention rates, high turnover, heavy

workloads, low staffing levels and/or staffing shortages conspire to create a difficult working environment

for health professionals, one in which they may struggle to provide high-quality care and which may also

contribute to health professional burnout. The review demonstrates that health workforce planning

concerns, such as these, impact on health professional burnout and on the ability of health professionals

to deliver quality care. The review also demonstrates that most of the published papers published between

2000 and 2013 addressing health professional burnout and quality of care were nursing focused.

(Humphries et al., 2014, s. 338).

If the quote is taken from online sources and neither authorship nor page numbers can

be provided, then paragraph number should be given:

“The narrative literature review suggests that weak retention rates, high turnover, heavy

workloads, low staffing levels and/or staffing shortages conspire to create a difficult working environment

for health professionals, one in which they may struggle to provide high-quality care and which may also

contribute to health professional burnout.” (paragraph 5).

If we want to avoid a certain fragment of the quoted text, we use an ellipsis in

parentheses "(...)".

18

In case of long quotes exceeding 400 words or in case of quotations exceeding 800

words from a single source, we need the author’s permission.

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19

5. CONCLUSIONS

Each diploma thesis and diploma project must have a chapter entitled Conclusions.

The chapter must be placed before the Reference List.In the Conclusions, the author describes the effects and achievements of the work

and/or research results in a concise and structured manner, referring to the aim and objectives

of the work and the achievements described in the individual chapters. The author interprets

and formulates conclusions from the conducted activities. In addition, the chapter should

describe what activities should be carried out if the work on the topic is continued or what

should be improved if the results are unsatisfactory.

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REFERENCE LISTThis chapter describes how to format the bibliographic information of literature items in

a bibliographic directory, depending on the type of source.

Books in the Reference List

A book:

Name, I. (year). Title. Place of publishing: Publishing house.

Hall, R. E., Taylor, J. B. (2010). Makroekonomia. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.

A book edited by:

Surname, I. (ed.). (year). Title. Place of publishing: Publishing house.

Beksiak, J. (ed.). (2001). Ekonomia. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.

A chapter in the monograph:

Name, I. (year). Title of the chapter. W: I. Surname (ed.). Title of the monograph (start page – end page of the chapter). Place of publishing: Publishing house.

Sikorski, W, (2010). Projektowanie w praktyce inżynierskiej. W: A. Nosowski (ed.). Nowoczesne projektowanie (p. 23-67). Poznań: WWWNet.

A chapter in the monograph series:

Name, I. (year). Title of the chapter. W: I. Surname (ed.).Book title: Volume number. Volume name (p. xxx-xxx). Place of publishing: Publishing house.

Studenski, R. (1984). Cel, metoda i procedura oceniania pracowników. W: Z. Ratajczak (ed.). Psychologiczne problemy funkcjonowania człowieka w sytuacji pracy: 4. Psychologiczne podstawy oceniania pracowników (p. 161-167). Katowice: University of Silesia.

A book without an author:

Title (year). Place: Publisher.

To nie jest książka (2011). Warsaw: NarBook.

The author is an institution:

Institution (year). Title. Place: Publisher.

WHO/ILO (2000). Mental health and work: impact, issues and good practices. Monograph. Geneva: WHO

A fragment from a dictionary or encyclopaedia:

Name, I. (year). Password. W: Dictionary name (volume number, p. xx). Place: Publisher.

Bartkowski, A. (1987). Sztuka. W: Encyclopedia Powszechna PWN (Vol. 4, p. 385). Warsaw: PWN.

Articles in the Reference List

An article:

Surname, I., Surname, I. (year). Title of the article. Magazine title, yearbook No., start page - end page.

21

Warr, P. (1994). A conceptual framework for the study of work and mental health. Work & Stress, 8(2), 84-97.

Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability—with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of applied Psychology, 86(1), 80-92.

An article by more than six authors:

Kornitzer, M., Dramaix, M., Thilly, C., De Backer, G., Kittel, F., Graffar, M., … Vuylsteek, K. (1983). Belgian heart disease prevention project: incidence and mortality results. The Lancet, 321(8333), 1066-1070.

An article with DOI number:

Surname, I, Surname, I. (year). Article title. Journal title, yearbook No., start page - end page. DOI:1111111111.

Siegrist, J., Starke, D., Chandola, T., Godin, I., Marmot, M., Niedhammer, I., Peter, R. (2004). The measurement of effort-reward imbalance at work: European comparisons. Social Science & Medicine, 58(8), 1483-1499. DOI: 10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00351-4

An article from a popular magazine:

Surname, I. (year, month). Title. Journal name, volume number, page number.

Wright, K. (2002, 11). Czas życia. Świat Nauki, 135, 40-47.

An article from the journal:

Surname, I. (year, day of month). Title. Newspaper name, p. xx-xx.

Kondratowicz A. (2003, 3 October). S versus McDonald’s. Gazeta Wyborcza, p. 9.

Unpublished materials

Unpublished typescript, not sent for publication:

Name, I. (year). Title of the typescript. Unpublished typescript, Name of Institution.

Basińska, B. (2002). Concepts of stress at work. Unpublished typescript, Gdansk University of Technology.

Unpublished typescript accepted for printing:

Surname, I. (in print). Title of the typescript. Journal title

Roztocka, A. H. (in print). Application of factor analysis in marketing research. Operational Research and Decisions.

Materials available on-line If we want to include materials available on the Internet in the literature, we proceed in

a similar way to printed sources. However, instead of publishing house, we provide the path of

access without a a full stop at the end.

An article:

Surname, I. (date). Article title. Journal title [on-line]. Available: path

* we don't provide pages!

A chapter from books/materials:

Surname, I. (date). Chapter title. W: Material title [on-line]. Available: path

22

Materials available on-line:

Surname, A. (date). Material title [on-line]. Available: path

Arrangement of bibliographies in the Reference ListThe order of literature items is given in alphabetical order of authors' names. If we have

several works of the same author, we list them in chronological order from the oldest to the

latest. If we have different authors with the same surname, the order of their names in

alphabetical order is decisive. If the author of the thesis is an institution, we proceed in the same

way as in the case of authors' names.

Paragraphs containing particular items of literature should be formatted as follows:

for each bibliographic item line spacing should be used: 1 line

paragraph spacing: top 0, bottom 6.

First line indentation: 1.25 cm

Below is an exemplary bibliographic list:

Bonk, E., Retowski, S. (2013). Emerytura – ulga czy udręka? The perception of retirement as an example of students of Third Age Universities. Gerontologia Polska, 21(1), 25-31.

CIOP (2010). Standardy bezpieczeństwa. Warsaw: CIOP.

Fiedor, B. (2010). Kryzys gospodarczy a kryzys ekonomii jako nauki. Ekonomista, 4, 453-466.

Hackman, J. R., Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational behaviour and human performance, 16(2), 250-279.

Jeurissen, T., Nyklíček, I. (2001). Testing the Vitamin Model of job stress in Dutch health care workers. Work & Stress, 15(3), 254-264.

Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability—with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of applied Psychology, 86(1), 80-92.

Kornitzer, M., Dramaix, M., Thilly, C., De Backer, G., Kittel, F., Graffar, M., … Vuylsteek, K. (1983). Belgian heart disease prevention project: incidence and mortality results. The Lancet, 321(8333), 1066-1070.

Rector of the Gdansk University of Technology (2014). Ordinance of the Rector of the Gdansk University of Technology No. 17/2014 of 1 April 2014

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Warr, P. (1987). Work, unemployment, and mental health. Oxford University Press.

Warr, P. (1994). A conceptual framework for the study of work and mental health. Work & Stress, 8(2), 84-97.

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LIST OF FIGURES

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LIST OF TABLES

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25

LIST OF APPENDICES

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26

APPENDIX 1. SOURCE MANAGEMENT IN MS WORD

In MS Word text editors since version 2007, on the REFERENCES tab, in the Citations

& Bibliography panel, there is a source manager:

To enter new literature items or add them to the current document, use the Manage

Sources button to launch the Source Manager window:

In the Source Manager window there are two lists: the main list – containing all the

sources entered by the user and the current list assigned to the currently edited document.

Individual literature items can be copied between the two lists. You can also remove

them from the lists and add new items or edit items inserted previously. To insert a new item,

select the New... button. The next illustration shows an example of the Create Source window

(in this example, the source is a book).

27

Select the type of source and then fill in all the fields of the window-mounted form

according to the bibliographic data of the source you are entering (e.g. for books, this data is

usually on the back of the cover page). The Edit button next to the Author field is used to enter

the authors' names and surnames. They can also be entered directly in the Author field, bearing

in mind the principle that first you enter the author’s surname and then, after a comma author's

name or names. Surnames and names of successive authors are separated by a semicolon.

The layout of the form fields depends on the type of source. A new source is added to

both the current list and the main list.

Editing of existing sources in the list is done in the same window as before:

28

APPENDIX 2. SELECTING A STYLE OF QUOTING AND INSERTING REFERENCES TO THE TEXT

You can select a style by selecting it from the Style list in the Citation & Bibliography

panel:

By default, MS Word has several basic styles of quotes installed. However, in the 2007

and 2010 versions, the set of basic styles lacks the APA of the 6th Edition. This style, as well as

other additional styles, are downloaded when the program is updated (the Enable Update option

should be checked during the installation of MS Word). By default, the style lists are stored in

the Bibliography\Style in the folder containing Office programs.

In order to insert a reference to

a specific source in the edited text, select

Insert Quote in the Quotations and

bibliography panel and select the desired

item from the expanded list. Only items

from the current source manager list are

available in the list.

29

The disadvantage of the source manager in MS Word is that it allows to insert

references in only one format – e.g. (Kowalski and Kabacki, 2018) – that is not fully compatible

with the APA standard described in the third chapter (in the above example, there is no

conjunction "and" between authors' names). However, the use of this tool makes it easier to

"control" the sources in your thesis, so that none of the quoted sources will be omitted from the

list of literature. In addition, any changes made to the descriptions of the quoted works through

the source manager are automatically updated in the citations and the reference list.

From a practical point of view, once the thesis has been finalised, the references may

be amended during the final formatting by converting the quote into a static text. In such case,

select the quote you want to edit and invoke the quote options and select Convert citation to

static text from the list:

After this change it will not be possible to update the reference automatically.

30

APPENDIX 3. INSERTING A REFERENCE LIST

The source manager also makes it possible to create a list of references automatically.

To do this, move the cursor to the place where you want to insert the list, and then select the

Bibliography list from the Quotations and bibliography panel:

The title of the list can be edited and changed to the Reference List.

Please note that the Reference List contains all the items from the current list.

Therefore, before creating the Reference List, remove all unquoted works from the current list.

Sources referred to at least once in a work in the current list are marked with a sign: “”:

The Reference List, similarly to references in the text, can be converted to a static text.

31