Zeroth law of thermodynamics: If two systems are inthermal equilibriumrespectively with a third system, they must be in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law helps define the notion oftemperature. First law of thermodynamics: When energy passes, aswork, asheat, or with matter, into or out from a system, itsinternal energychanges in accord with the law ofconservation of energy. Equivalently,perpetual motion machinesof the first kind are impossible. Second law of thermodynamics: In a naturalthermodynamic process, the sum of the entropies of the participatingthermodynamic systemsincreases. Equivalently,perpetual motion machinesof the second kind are impossible. Third law of thermodynamics: The entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approachesabsolute zero.[2]With the exception ofglassesthe entropy of a system at absolute zero is typically close to zero, and is equal to the log of the multiplicity of the quantumground state.There have been suggestions of additional laws, but none of them achieve the generality of the four accepted laws, and they are not mentioned in standard textbooks.[1][2][3][4][5][7][8]The laws of thermodynamics are important fundamentallawsinphys Zeroth law of thermodynamics: If two systems are inthermal equilibriumrespectively with a third system, they must be in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law helps define the notion oftemperature. First law of thermodynamics: When energy passes, aswork, asheat, or with matter, into or out from a system, itsinternal energychanges in accord with the law ofconservation of energy. Equivalently,perpetual motion machinesof the first kind are impossible. Second law of thermodynamics: In a naturalthermodynamic process, the sum of the entropies of the participatingthermodynamic systemsincreases. Equivalently,perpetual motion machinesof the second kind are impossible. Third law of thermodynamics: The entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approachesabsolute zero.[2]With the exception ofglassesthe entropy of a system at absolute zero is typically close to zero, and is equal to the log of the multiplicity of the quantumground state.There have been suggestions of additional laws, but none of them achieve the generality of the four accepted laws, and they are not mentioned in standard textbooks.[1][2][3][4][5][7][8]The laws of thermodynamics are important fundamentallawsinphys