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SEMINAR ON

Z.E.H.S.T. - 2050Submitted in partial fulfillment

of award degree of B.TECH(M.E)

Under gracious guidance of:-

PROF. ANKIT DUA ( MECH. DEPTT.)

SUBMITTED BY:-PARAG PRIYANK

75114037B.TECH M.E2011-2015

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ZERO EMISSION HYPER SONIC TRANSPORT - 2050

WELCOME TO FUTURE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

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WHAT IS IT ALL ABOUT ???

The Zero Emission Hyper Sonic Transport or ZEHST is a supersonic passenger airliner project by EADS and Japan.

It can be seen as a descendant of the Concorde airliner.

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The plane is envisaged to be propelled by biofuel made from seaweed and by oxygen/hydrogen.

Using turbofans for take off would make ZEHST no more noisy than current-day ordinary planes.

ZEHST is envisaged to fly by 2050 and would fly from London to Japan in less than 3 hours

Unveiled on 18 June 2011 by EADS at Le Bourget air show, it is projected to fly at Mach 4, 32 km above the ground, carrying 150 to 200 people.

It would combine three propulsion systems: two turbofans/turbojet for take-off and up to Mach 0.8, then rocket boosters up to Mach 2.5, then two under-wing supersonic ramjets would accelerate it to Mach 4.

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PROPULSION SYSTEM

05/02/2023

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1. TURBOJET ENGINE:-

The turbojet is an airbreathing jet engine, usually used in aircraft. It consists

of a gas turbine with a propelling nozzle

The gas turbine has an air inlet, a compressor, a combustion chamber, and

a turbine (that drives the compressor). The compressed air from the compressor

is heated by the fuel in the combustion chamber and then allowed to expand

through the turbine.

The turbine exhaust is then expanded in the propelling nozzle where it is

accelerated to high speed to provide thrust

The jet engine is only efficient at high vehicle speeds.

Turbojet engines have been used in isolated cases to power vehicles other than

aircraft, typically for attempts on land speed records

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2. RAMJET ENGINE

A ramjet, sometimes referred to as a flying stovepipe or an athodyd (an abbreviation of aero thermodynamic duct), is a form of airbreathing jet engine that uses the engine's forward motion to compress incoming air without an axial compressor. 

Ramjets cannot produce thrust at zero airspeed; they cannot move an aircraft from a standstill. A ramjet powered vehicle, therefore, requires an assisted take-off like a rocket assist to accelerate it to a speed where it begins to produce thrust.

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Ramjets work most efficiently at supersonic speeds around Mach 3 (2,284 mph; 3,675 km/h). This type of engine can operate up to speeds of Mach 6 (2,041.7 m/s; 7,350 km/h).

Ramjets generally give little or no thrust below about half the speed of sound, and they are inefficient (less than 600 seconds) until the airspeed exceeds 1,000 kilometres per hour (280 m/s; 620 mph) due to low compression ratios.

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3. CRYOGENIC/LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE

A cryogenic rocket engine is a rocket engine that uses a cryogenic fuel or oxidizer, that is, its fuel or oxidizer (or both) are gases liquefied and stored at very low temperatures.

The major components of a cryogenic rocket engine are the combustion chamber (thrust chamber), pyrotechnic initiator, fuel injector, fuel cryopumps, oxidizer cryopumps, gas turbine, cryo valves, regulators, the fuel tanks, and rocket engine nozzle

Various cryogenic fuel-oxidizer combinations have been tried, but the combination of liquid hydrogen (LH2) fuel and the liquid oxygen (LOX) oxidizer is one of the most widely used.

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SPECIFIC IMPULSE:-By definition, it is the impulse delivered per unit of propellant consumed, and is dimensionally equivalent to the thrust generated per unit propellant flow rate.

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DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS:-

The specificity of the ZEHST program is to approach hypersonic transport design with a holistic view. In addition to the traditional hypersonic conceptual design focused on propulsion, aerodynamics and materials.

The rationale for this choice is to reduce the risks associated with such a radically new concept by allowing a full exploration of the design field; covering not only the vehicle key design parameters but, beyond this, all of its operating and regulatory key factors.

To minimize the development risks and costs and to be on the market as soon as possible, it was decided to select as a starting point a well-defined Spaceplane baseline rather than a blank sheet of paper.

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NARROW IDEA WHAT IT WILL BE:-

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WHAT IT MAY LOOK LIKE:- (COMPUTER RENDERINGS)

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CONCLUSION:-

From the design perspective, the holistic approach selected for the design of the ZEHST hypersonic transport clearly demonstrates the value of this method to explore the uncharted territories of such a radical and ambitious project. As the boundaries, constraints and sizing cases may be completely different from those of a well-known design, it is crucial to explore the whole design space, not only in terms of vehicle sizing, but also of operating environment in a wider sense (including certification and environment), in order to gain a sound understanding of the problem and to identify the key drivers of the design.

 

A holistic approach is thus essential to understand the true design drivers of such a radical design and explicitly highlight the challenges and the design levers to tackle them.

This is clearly a core utilization of all the technical master-mind in world we have.

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THANKYOU!!!

For Listening