yuksel oĞuzhibrit energy systems
TRANSCRIPT
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CONTROL OF HYBRID POWER GENERATION
SYSTEMS AND
EFFICIENT USE OF ENERGY GENERATED
ssoc Prof Yüksel OĞUZ
Afyon Kocatepe Unıversity Technology Faculty
Electrıc Electronic Engineering Department
Photovoltaic Wind Fuel Cell Hydrogen&Storage Battery Grid
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Outline
Renewable Energy2
Control and Practical Examples of Hybrid EnergyGeneration Systems4
The World Energy Outlook3
1
Smart Grids for Energy Efficiency3
3
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The World Energy Outlook
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Where is going the world energy?
Primary energy demand
China is the main driver of increa
in the current decade, but India t
as the principal source of growth
Some long-held tenets of the energy sector are being rewritten
Countries are switching roles: importers are becoming exporters…
…
and exporters are among the major sources of growing demand
New supply options reshape ideas about distribution of resources
But long-term solutions to global challenges remain scarce
Renewed focus on energy efficiency, but CO2 emissions continue to
rise
Fossil-fuel subsidies increased to $544 billion in 2012
1.3 billion people lack electricity, 2.6 billion lack clean cooking
facilities
Energy prices add to the pressure on policymakers
Sustained period of high oil prices without parallel in market
history
Large, persistent regional price differences for gas & electricity
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Energy and CO2 emissions
How can the increasing world energy
demand be met?
Energy from fossil fuels
Nuclear energy
Conservation and energy efficiency
Renewable energy
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The environmental security and sustainability of energy
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Renewables come of age, but fossil fuel investment still
Annual energy supply investment
2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013
Investment in renewables rose from $60 billion in 2000 to a high point
approaching $300 billion in 2011, before falling back since
1 000
Fossil fue
500
1 500
B i l l i o n d
o l l a r s ( 2 0 1 2 ) Renewab
Nuclear Power tra
& distribu
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Energy demands
Growth in total primary energy demand
Today's share of fossil fuels in the global mix, at 82%, is the same as it was 25
ago; the strong rise of renewables only reduces this to around 75% in 20
500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000
Mtoe
Coal
Renewables
Oil
Nuclear
Gas1987-2011
2011-2035
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Renewable sources help to supply sufficient energy
The growth of new energy forms is
the development of technology an
underpinned by large-scale invest
There is expansion across all types
with new energy forms playing an
significant role.
Renewables, shale gas, tight oil an
fuel sources in aggregate grow at 6
contribute 43% of the increment in
production to 2035.
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WHAT IS SMART GRID?
The core concept of smart grid is its capability of ketrack of electricity flow in the power system by two-
technology that allows consumers to see how and w
use energy, and therefore capable of managing eleby enhancing their energy efficiency.
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WHAT IS SMART GRID?
An intelligent electricity- delivery system:
energy suppliers and consumers: interconnect through a network
Smart meters:
are installed at homes and business
monitor energy consumption
transmit that information back to energy providers
Energy providers :
track energy consumption
automatically throttle down energy consumption on a granular level when demand get
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New Trend o f Smart Grid
Smart grid is essential to
building an infrastructure for long-term energy effdemand management
encouraging renewable energy deployment
transiting industries to low-carbon and clean-energy pa
creating new “green jobs” for more employment
empowering customers to reduce their energy use and
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NIST (National Institute of Standard and Technology) reference model for the s
The basic concept of Smart Grid is to add m on
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The basic concept of Smart Grid is to add m on
analysis, contro l and commun icat ion capabi l i t ies
nat ional electr ic grid in order to:
Improve reliability,
Maximize throughput,
Increase energy efficiency,
Provide consumer participation,
Allow diverse generation options,
Allow diverse and storage options
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Energy Eff ic iency is one of the Benef its o f Smart
There are many benefits of developing smart grid
enhancement of supply reliability and energy efficiency
demand response (DR)
voltage service quality
integration of transmission congestion relief
advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)
distributed energy resources (DER)
battery energy storage system (BESS)
usage of electric vehicles
outage response
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HOW SMART GRID IS USED?
Foster communicat ion between the energy c ompany an
consumer
Elect r ic i ty is sent f rom :
Al low s energy com panies to track areas o f high use, ide
po ssib le ou tages, and pro vide the proper service.
Energycompany
Distributioncenter
destination
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Smart GridSmart
Generation
Sm
Distributed
Baseload
Peaking
CHP
Remote
Power
Critical/
BackupGrid planning
Grid
monitoring
Centralized Transmission Distribution
Asset
Management
Load
Management
Back office
Software
Grid
Automation
Advanced Metering
Energy Management
Commerci
Industria
Smart Mot
Smart
Storage
Communication
/ Control Power electronic
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Smart Grid Products and Services may be classi f ied in
as fo l lows :
Intelligent devices
Advance control systems
Two-way communication
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Produc ts and Services :
1) Intell ig ent devic es
Advance sensors and monitors
Digital relays
Inverters & Balance of System
IED (Intelligent Electronics Devices)
Grid Aware Equipment
Smart Meters
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Produc ts and Services :
2) Adv anced c ontro l sy stems
Distribution Automation
Energy Management
GIS Geographic Information System
DSM Demand Side Management
WAMS Wide Area Management Systems
3) Two -Way Communic at ion
Real Time
Open products
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energy MANaGEment AND efficient use of energy IN Isolated Win
CELL Hybrid Power Generation System With Battery Sto
ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND EFFİCİENT U
ENERGY IN ISOLATED WİND-SOLAR -FUEL
HYBRİD POWER GENERATİON SYSTEM W
BATTERY STORAGE
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A battery-supported hybrid wind-solar-fuel cell energy system:
190W, 24V 3 pieces mono crystal solar panel,
600W 3-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMS
on the wind power generation system (WPGS),
500W'lık variable proton membrane fuel cell,
100 Ah 12V 6 pieces gel jeep cycle accumulator groups.
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General view of the installed battery powered wind-solahybrid power generation system
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Wind-solarpower generation system
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Fuel cell, control system and battery group
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Load control board
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Control Systems and Data Recording
Electricity produced from energy sources in the system was controlle
based hybrid control unit.
Generated current-voltage data were recorded by a computer.
Energy can be monitored continuously produced in the hybrid powe
generation system.
Data are also saved as a Microsoft Excel file every 10 seconds by mea
software program.
Electric energy produced 3 kW is converted to AC power with the he
sine wave inverter.
The AC power consumer needs are met in this way.
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Block diagram of the hybrid power generation system and c
Overview of the hybrid energy system and energy m
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Overview of the hybrid energy system and energy munit
Energy
Management
Unit
Solar energy
Wind
Renewable
Energies
Fuel Cell Storage
Electrolyzer
Electrical Load
Additional
Energy
Excess
Energy
Excess
Energy
Additional
Energy
Additional
Energy
Output
***** Excess energy can be stored in battery bank or c
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Off Grid
Grid connected
Hybrid Power Sources Algorithm
Fuel Cell
NO
Supply Load
Supply Load
PV, Wind >
Request?YES
Supply Load
Charge batte
Produce Hydro
PV, Wind <
Request +
Battery SOC OK?
NO
NO
YES
YES
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Control Process
Start
Open
Com- port
Connect
PLC?
Start Take PLC
Data
Y
N
Y
N Y
FaultN
S
Y Data
Error ?
Y18
Reset
Inverter
Algorithm
Y
Y
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Computer monitoring
Hybrid Power Generation System Outcomes
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Hybrid Power Generation System Outcomes
Primarily with energy flow control system aimed at
independent uninterruptible power demand from the grid.
Providing integration with the network of interconnected hybr
generation system with intelligent network model is aimed to w
the system.
Energy flow in the system is provided as a two-way.
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At least on the day of production of energy from so
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00
Saat
Günes(Wh)
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Most the day and hour of energy produced from so
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00
SAAT
Güneş(Wh)
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Monthly values of the energy generated from solar
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Ağust os Eylül Ekim Kasım
AYLAR
(kWh)
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Monthly generation power of wind power generatio
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Ağusto s Eylül Ekim Kasım
AYLAR
(Wh)
Three solar panels (Mono crystalline-Poly crystalline-thi
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Three solar panels (Mono crystalline Poly crystalline thiand installation
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Energy flow control scheme for solar energy systems
Energy Flow Algorithm
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SENSORS
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SENSORS
Current sensor
CURRENT SENSOR BOARD
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Screenshot of the software for the energy flow
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Daily voltage data of three different solar pan
D il i f h diff l
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Daily generation power of three different solar pa
D il T t l G ti C it (W tt)
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Daily Total Generation Capacity (Watt)
S l t d f l l
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Surplus power generated from solar panel
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SimPowerSystem/MATLAB
Hybrid charge control unit
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SimPowerSystem/MATLAB
Power flow curve in the hybrid power generation sy
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Conclusion
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In particular, regional produce electrical energy where you are
to consume accepted the principle.
To take the place of the interconnected system of local produ
produce electrical energy will be concerned for their own consu
In particular, the fall in prices and a decrease in hydrogen tech
the consumer level of applicability in this case can be provided
In addition to the hydrogen technology solar energy systems w
play an important role here.