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Slide 2 Yr 9 How to Study Literature and How to Write an Essay Do what Mrs Mac tells you to do and youll learn the trick to writing a good essay. Itll be as easy as pulling a rabbit out of a hat. Slide 3 What does text mean? It is the general name we use for the different types of literature that you read and study. Name the kinds of literature which are represented by each of the pictures alongside. Novel Poetry Play Film Which one is missing? Short Story Slide 4 When we study literature, we look at FOUR main features of the text. What do you think they are? PlotSetting CharacterTheme Slide 5 This is the most obvious thing so what is it? It is the events that occur and the order in which they happen. When you write an essay, please DO NOT re-tell the plot. Plot Slide 6 Is setting always important? No, not always. But most of the time it is helpful to examine where the author chose to set the text. Setting Slide 7 Questions to ask about Setting 1.Where is the text set? (e.g rural, city, culture, country) 2.What is the cultural setting? (e.g religion, race, gender, class) 3.When is the text set? (e.g future, present, past) 4.Which quotes reveal time and place? 5.Is there more than one setting? If yes, are they contrasted? 6.Does the setting (e.g extreme isolation) influence the characters actions in any way? 7.Does it create mood? Slide 8 When we study literature, we look at FOUR main features of the text. What have we just looked at? Whats the next feature? PlotSetting CharacterTheme Setting Character Slide 9 Why are characters important to study in literature? It is through them that we learn things about life. What is the term used in literature to refer to the central character (hero)? Protagonist Who opposes the protagonist? Antagonist Character Slide 10 We see the of the text through a characters and we share or her experiences. We understand what happens, how are feeling, what things look,, & feel like through what the tells us about characters. Slide 11 Choose a main character in your text and ask these questions. 1.What do they look like? (gender, hair colour, clothing, dress, distinguishing features) 2.What is their personality like? ( e.g cheerful, envious, lonely, sad, resourceful, scared) 3.How do they speak? (How they say things can be a key to who they are, for example colloquial language = easygoing; aggressive language = difficult, nasty) 4.How do they behave? (people are judged by their actions.) 5.What problems do they encounter? (with people, themselves and the environment) 6.How do they deal with conflict/problems? (Do they cope well? Why/why not?) Slide 12 Choose a main character in your text and ask these questions. 7.How do they interact and act towards other characters? (Who do they feel comfortable with? If they are aggressive, why?) 8.Do they change in any way? (Appearance, actions, attitudes) Why? (What happened to bring about the change? An event? Action from someone else?) 9.How does this character help develop the themes of the text? 10.How is this character a role model for us? (What can we learn from them/ their action and attitudes.) Slide 13 When we study literature, we look at FOUR main features of the text. What have we just looked at? Whats the next feature? PlotSetting CharacterTheme Character Theme Slide 14 Every work of literature is always more than just a story. There is an underlying message as well. (Sometimes there are several themes.) Slide 15 Sometimes a theme can be good advice For example: take care of those who are too young or vulnerable to take care of themselves. Slide 16 Sometimes a theme can be good advice What could this advice be? Admit your mistakes. Apologise sincerely. Slide 17 Sometimes a theme can be a warning For example: we need to care for animals, especially endangered ones, otherwise the species could die out. Slide 18 Sometimes a theme can be a warning What could this warning be? Some forces of Nature e.g Lightning are powerful and dangerous. Be careful and dont take chances. Slide 19 Sometimes a theme can be a prophecy For example: technology will one day control humans. Slide 20 Sometimes a theme can be a prophecy What could this prophecy be? There is other life in the universe. Slide 21 Sometimes a theme shows how human behaviour affects others For example: sibling rivalry undermines families Slide 22 Sometimes a theme shows how human behaviour affects others How could our behaviour or attitude about race have an effect on others? We could have racial stereotypes. Slide 23 Ask these questions to explore theme 1.What is this text saying to me? (note, subject is different to message) 2.What do I see as the strengths of this text? 3.What have I learnt from this text? Slide 24 How to write a literature essay EASY AS 1 2 3 Slide 25 What is a literature essay? It is where you write about a particular aspect of a text to show your knowledge and understanding of this aspect and why it is important or interesting. Q: Whats the first step? A: Choosing your question. Slide 26 Questions 1. Describe a character in a text and explain why you liked/disliked this character. 2. Describe an important event in a text you have read this year. Explain why this event was important. 3. Describe a character in a text you have studied this year. Explain why you thought the character was interesting. How do we begin? All essays start with an introduction and a tako Slide 27 Paragraph 1 - Introduction: T.A.K.O. T AKO T.A.K.O. Use this acronym to remember to include the necessary information in the introduction: Title (MUST be underlined), Author, Key words from question, Outline of points/ideas TAKO Slide 28 Example of introduction Lets highlight the TAKO information The character I like the most in Ray Bradburys short story, All Summer in a Day is Margot. I like her because she is a blend of contradictions: she appears frail, but she is really strong when it comes to coping with abuse from bullies and she knows how to handle disappointment. Slide 29 How did you do at highlighting the TAKO information in this introduction? The character I like the most in Ray Bradburys short story, All Summer in a Day is Margot. I like her because she is a blend of contradictions: she appears frail, but she is really strong when it comes to coping with abuse from bullies and she knows how to handle disappointment. Green = Title Black = Author Red = Key words from question Blue = Outline of ideas Slide 30 Body Paragraphs The body of the essay is divided into p... There should be at least ... body paragraphs. With an Introduction and a Conclusion paragraph, and the three body paragraphs, the essay should contain a total of at least . paragraphs. My Essay 1.Introduction 2.Body Para (1) 3.Body Para (2) 4.Body Para (3) 5. Conclusion Slide 31 How to structure each paragraph S tatement/ Topic Sentence Tell the audience what topic or idea the paragraph will be about. This is a simple sentence that states the idea. E xplanation Explain to the reader of the essay exactly what is meant in the statement. E vidence/ Example support the explanation with an example, e.g quote, detail from the text Slide 32 Body Paragraph structure the possibilities Slide 33 SEE or S.E.X.Y? What the difference? Theres no real difference. SEXY is a mnemonic to remember each part of a body paragraph for a literature essay. It has one extra part to it, so it is more complex than SEE S:the Statement at the start of the paragraph that says what point/idea this paragraph is making, focusing on. E:the Explanation that explains how this statement is relevant to the text and/or question. X:the eXample(s) from the text that support(s) your statement and develop(s) your point. Y:explain whY this example/point is relevant to the question/topic. Slide 34 Margot was a nine year old girl who had recently moved to Venus from Earth. She was a very frail girl who looked as if the rain had washed out the blue from her eyes and the red from her mouth and the yellow from her hair. This quote shows how fragile Margot appeared to be, and how much Venus seemed to affect her. She didnt really get on with her peers and spent a lot of time alone. Example of a Body Paragraph Slide 35 Margot was a nine year old girl who had recently moved to Venus from Earth. She was a very frail girl who looked as if the rain had washed out the blue from her eyes and the red from her mouth and the yellow from her hair. This quote shows how fragile Margot appeared to be, and how much Venus seemed to affect her. She didnt really get on with her peers and spent a lot of time alone. Which part of the question is this paragraph focussed on answering? Describe a character Slide 36 Do do Does Dont do Donts Quotations Dos and Donts Slide 37 For example: The main character in my short story, Margot, whispers to the other children with helpless eyes. Margot whispered, her eyes helpless. Dont allow a quote to repeat stated information Slide 38 For example: The main character in my short story, Margot, whispers to the other children with helpless eyes. Do weave quotes into the paragraph Slide 39 For example: The nervousness of the main character, Margot, is shown by the author when we read that she whispered, her eyes helpless. Do integrate quotes into the paragraph Slide 40 I liked Margot, because even though she was bullied by the other children she never retaliated. She didnt let their behaviour affect her own. There are many examples of the other children pushing and shoving Margot, or speaking rudely to her throughout the story, e.g Get away and He gave her a shove. But Margot didnt push back, rather she let herself be moved only by him and nothing else. A Body Paragraph relating to the second part of the question Slide 41 Therell be a 3rd Body Para For each paragraph, look at the preparatory questions about the text that you answered on setting, character and theme. Always ask : How can I apply what the text is saying, to myself? Slide 42 Conclude the essay by writing about why you care about the topic (even if you dont you have to pretend you do! ) DO NOT INTRODUCE ANY NEW INFORMATION INTO THE CONCLUSION. Use this sentence as a starter in your conclusion if you are stuck. An examination of these (name what your essay has examined) is important because .(state why you think it is important). Conclusion Slide 43 I like Margot the best as she is a sensitive character who I could learn a lesson from. I think that we should all learn to react better to other peoples rudeness. OR An examination of the protagonist, Margot, is important because it helped me to understand why I like her so much. I realised that I admired her calm reaction to other peoples rudeness. An example of a Conclusion Para Slide 44 Now its your turn. Write an essay using the structure you have been given. Essay question: Describe a character in a text you have studied. Explain why you thought the character was interesting.