youth migration: levels and trends 2011 migration and development series jointly organized by...

Youth Migration: Youth Migration: levels and trendslevels and trends

2011 Migration and Development Seriesjointly organized by

UNITAR, IOM, UNFPA and the MacArthur Foundation

28 April 2011

Pablo LattesMigration Section

Population Division - DESAUnited Nations

United Nations United Nations Population Division/DESAPopulation Division/DESA

Total population by sex and age 1990, Total population by sex and age 1990, 2000 and 2010 (millions)2000 and 2010 (millions)

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400

0-4

5-9

10-19

15-19

20-24

25-29

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

50-54

55-59

60-64

65+


International migrants by sex and age International migrants by sex and age 1990, 2000 and 2010 (thousands)1990, 2000 and 2010 (thousands)

-15000 -10000 -5000 0 5000 10000 15000

0-4

5-9

10-19

15-19

20-24

25-29

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

50-54

55-59

60-64

65+


Youth migrant stock in 2010 Youth migrant stock in 2010 (thousands)(thousands)

RegionRegion 15-2415-24 TotalTotal PercentagePercentage

WorldWorld 26,575 26,575 213,944 213,944 12.4 12.4

AfricaAfrica 3,720 3,720 19,263 19,263 19.319.3

AsiaAsia 8,327 8,327 61,324 61,324 13.6 13.6

EuropeEurope 7,715 7,715 69,819 69,819 11.1 11.1

Latin America and the Latin America and the CaribbeanCaribbean

1,031 1,031 7,480 7,480 13.8 13.8

Northern AmericaNorthern America 5,181 5,181 50,042 50,042 10.4 10.4

OceaniaOceania 600 600 6,015 6,015 10.0 10.0


““Youth”Youth”15 to 24 years old15 to 24 years old

At age 15At age 15 At age 24At age 24

MinorsMinors AdultsAdults

Generally sons / Generally sons / daughtersdaughters

Possibly heads of Possibly heads of householdshouseholds

Students / Students / dependentsdependents

WorkersWorkers

Lowest rate of Lowest rate of migrationmigration

Highest rate of Highest rate of migrationmigration


Migration Migration flows and stocks flows and stocks

Migration flowsMigration flows• Refers to the event of moving, from one country (origin) to Refers to the event of moving, from one country (origin) to

another (destination) in a given period (ex. 5 years).another (destination) in a given period (ex. 5 years).

Migrant stocks Migrant stocks • Refers to the stock of “foreign born” or “foreigners” living in a Refers to the stock of “foreign born” or “foreigners” living in a

specific country at a specific date. Foreigners may include specific country at a specific date. Foreigners may include second generation (son/daughters of foreigners).second generation (son/daughters of foreigners).


Source: Model Migration Schedules, Andrei Rogers and Luis J. Castro, 1981

Models of migration by ageModels of migration by age


Age distribution of international Age distribution of international migrants - 2010migrants - 2010

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1400

-04

05-0

9

10-1

4

15-1

9

20-2

4

25-2

9

30-3

4

35-3

9

40-4

4

45-4

9

50-5

4

55-5

9

60-6

4

65+

Pe

rce

nta

ge

International migrants

Source: UNPD estimates - 2010


Age distribution of migrants and Age distribution of migrants and total population - 2010total population - 2010

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1400

-04

05-0

9

10-1

4

15-1

9

20-2

4

25-2

9

30-3

4

35-3

9

40-4

4

45-4

9

50-5

4

55-5

9

60-6

4

65+

Pe

rce

nta

ge

International migrants Total population

Source: UNPD estimates - 2010


Age distribution of migrant stock Age distribution of migrant stock 20102010

0

2

4

6

8

10

1200

-04

05-0

9

10-1

4

15-1

9

20-2

4

25-2

9

30-3

4

35-3

9

40-4

4

Per

cen

tag

e

International migrants

Source: UNPD estimates


Age distribution of migrant stock by Age distribution of migrant stock by development level – 2010development level – 2010

0

2

4

6

8

10

1200

-04

05-0

9

10-1

4

15-1

9

20-2

4

25-2

9

30-3

4

35-3

9

40-4

4

Less developed regions More developed regions



Regional distribution of migrant stock Regional distribution of migrant stock aged 15-24 - 2010aged 15-24 - 2010

Percentage distributionPercentage distribution

RegionRegion 15-2415-24 TotalTotal

AfricaAfrica 14.014.0 9.09.0

AsiaAsia 31.331.3 28.728.7

EuropeEurope 29.029.0 32.632.6

Latin America and the CaribbeanLatin America and the Caribbean 3.93.9 3.53.5

Northern AmericaNorthern America 19.519.5 23.423.4

OceaniaOceania 2.32.3 2.82.8

TOTALTOTAL 100%100% 100%100%


Percentage of migrant stock aged Percentage of migrant stock aged 15-24 over total migrants15-24 over total migrants

Highest 10Highest 10 Lowest 10Lowest 10

BhutanBhutan 29.029.0 SloveniaSlovenia 4.64.6

BangladeshBangladesh 29.029.0 EstoniaEstonia 4.74.7

CambodiaCambodia 27.727.7 LatviaLatvia 4.94.9

Iran (Islamic Iran (Islamic Republic of)Republic of) 26.826.8 PolandPoland 5.75.7

Cape VerdeCape Verde 26.326.3 ArmeniaArmenia 5.75.7

GhanaGhana 25.325.3 CubaCuba 5.95.9

EcuadorEcuador 25.325.3 Venezuela (Bolivarian Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)Republic of) 5.95.9

SenegalSenegal 25.225.2 Czech RepublicCzech Republic 6.26.2

MaliMali 24.924.9 BelarusBelarus 6.36.3

Costa RicaCosta Rica 23.423.4 FranceFrance 6.66.6


Percentage female among the Percentage female among the migrant stock by age – 2010migrant stock by age – 2010

40

45

50

55

60

0-4

5-9

10-1

4

15-

19

20-2

4

25-2

9

30-3

4

35-3

9

40-4

4

45-4

9

50-5

4

55-5

9

60-6

4

65+

Per

cen

tag

e

WORLD More developed regions Less developed regions



Percentage female migrants: Percentage female migrants: 15-24 and total - 201015-24 and total - 2010

RegionRegion 15-2415-24 TotalTotal

AfricaAfrica 52.652.6 46.846.8

AsiaAsia 45.445.4 44.644.6

EuropeEurope 50.850.8 52.352.3

Latin America and the CaribbeanLatin America and the Caribbean 50.550.5 50.150.1

Northern AmericaNorthern America 45.545.5 50.150.1

OceaniaOceania 50.450.4 51.251.2


ConclusionsConclusions Reasons and patterns for youth migration very different by Reasons and patterns for youth migration very different by

age, region and socio-economic background.age, region and socio-economic background.

Percentage of youth among migrants is relatively small Percentage of youth among migrants is relatively small compared to that of youth among the world population compared to that of youth among the world population (12.4 to 17.6 respectively)…(12.4 to 17.6 respectively)…

……but the proportion of youth migrants in Africa and Asia is but the proportion of youth migrants in Africa and Asia is higher than in the rest of the world.higher than in the rest of the world.

Percentage female starts to decline around age 20, to reach Percentage female starts to decline around age 20, to reach its lowest level around age 40 - in particular in developing its lowest level around age 40 - in particular in developing regions.regions.


Percentage of migrant stock Percentage of migrant stock aged 15 to 24aged 15 to 24

Under 1212 to 1515 to 2020 and over

youth migration: levels and trends 2011 migration and development series jointly organized by...

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