Your Bodys Defense Physical Defenses First line of defense Skin Hair Mucous Cilia Saliva Tears Sweat Digestive tract Skin Protects from micro-organisms entering the body Open cuts/ sores provide entrance Cells die and are shed Sweat Our body has many sweat glands Sweat is released to control body temp Sweat contains acids that kill pathogens Mucous Membranes Moist linings around all entrances to body Covered with mucous Mucous = sticky substance Mucous traps pathogens Mucous is released from body Saliva & Tears Contain enzymes that fight pathogens Tears wash away foreign substances Cilia Tiny hair-like structures Trap pathogens Help remove mucous from body Digestive Tract Moves pathogens out of body Acids/ chemicals in digestive tract Stomach/ intestines/ bladder Chemicals kill pathogens Second Line of Defense Occurs after pathogen enters the body Inflammation Inflammation 1 st stage of healing Increased blood flow to area Increased size/ temperature/ redness Caused by dilation of blood vessels Phagocytes Blood brings phagocytes & chemicals Phagocytes = white blood cells Digest pathogens, dead cells, waste Chemicals Kill pathogens & start tissue healing Immune System Last line of defense Lymphatic system, lymph nodes, lymph, lymphocytes Lymph nodes store and filter lymph Lymph - fluid containing lymphocytes Lymphocytes - white blood cells Lymphocytes B-cells & T-cells T-cells Produce interferon- warns cells about pathogen Kill some pathogens directly B-cells create antibodies Antibodies bind to pathogens/ toxins until phagocytes find them Immunity Active Immunity-body creates antibodies Through sickness of immunization Immunization/ vaccine injected with small amount of pathogen Passive Immunity-passed from mother to child through birth or breast milk Treatment Antibiotics kill living organisms Treat bacterial infections only Fungus are treated with cream or topical treatment Treatment of Virus Anti-viral can stop a virus from reproducing Most viruses are fought by our immune system with Rest Proper diet Water Prevention Eat well-balanced meals. Get enough rest. (8 hours) Get exercise. (30 minutes at least 3-4 x week) Wash hands/ shower. Keep hands out of eyes and mouth. Have regular physicals/ dental visits. Prevention Get vaccinated Dont share utensils, glasses, cups etc. Avoid sick people. Avoid stress. Use stress management techniques. Find time to relax. Questions