you can follow my talk here: · grains research and development corporation (grdc) a level 4, east...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
You can follow my talk here:www.zeetings.com/sakura
Roberto Busi, Herbicide Technology, University of Western Australia
EVOLUCIÓN Y MANEJO DE LA RESISTENCIA A HERBICIDAS
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EVOLUCIÓN Y MANEJO DE LA
RESISTENCIA A HERBICIDASRoberto Busi, Herbicide Technology, University of Western Australia
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0
10
20
30
40
Pathogens
Viruses
Animal p
ests
Weeds
Potential loss
Weeds can be the biggest problem
Lo
ss
in
ma
jor
cro
ps
(%
)
Oerke 2006www.zeetings.com/sakura
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Llewellyn 2016
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www.zeetings.com/sakura
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Ref: Llewellyn 1998, Owen et al. 2007, 2014
WA resistance survey - ryegrass
Year
Res
ista
nt
se
ed
sa
mp
les
(%
)
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Greater use of pre-em herbicides
in response to resistance
Year
Ref: P Newman 2013
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Pre-em herbicides
incorporated at seeding (zero-till)
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![Page 10: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Field study: selection at high dose
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100M seeds 4X treated : no resistance
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1st 2nd 3rdMR
(Parent)
Trifluralin resistant
Pyroxasulfone low dose selection
2007 2008 2009
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Progeny 3
Parent
Pyroxasulfone g ha-1
0 100 200 300 400
Su
rviv
al (%
)
0
20
40
60
80
100Selected
progeny
Unselected
parent
Resistance to pyroxasulfone
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Boxer gold
SLR31 vs P4 + P1 sakura selected + Box P1 rate 4000
3rd
Cross-resistance: prosulfocarb
& triallate
Selection with pyroxasulfone
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Cross resistance patterns
Trifluralin
Prosulfocarb + SMOC
Pyroxasulfone Napropamide
Metazachlor Dimethenamid
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Resistance mechanism early studies
Synergist:P450 inhibitor
(OP insecticide)
R+
Synergist
+ herbicide
SHerbicide
only
RHerbicide
only
Cabinet sprayerCabinet sprayerCabinet sprayer
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n
TrifluralinMix: Trifluralin +
phorateTrifluralin
Trifluralin resistance reversed (-70%)
R R+ S
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Phorate + pyroxasulfone (-40%)
RHerbicide
SHerbicide
R+
Herbicide
+SynergistSakura
Mix: Sakura +
PhorateSakura
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Pyroxasulfone metabolic resistance
Ref: Busi and Powles et al., unpublished
More rapid decrease of 14C-labelled pyroxasulfone in resistant ryegrass
Pyroxasulfone metabolism likely is GST-mediated
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P6M
R S
0
5
10
GST-1
Population
Tra
ns
cri
pt
lev
el (2
-C
t )
*
GST confers pyroxasulfone resistance
Pyroxasulfone
Untreated
USA JAPAN
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Pyroxasulfone selection led to cross-resistance to other K3 / N
Pyroxasulfone resistance is metabolic (GST?)
Not reversed by phorate (NOT P450)
Are you still with me?
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FULL DOSES
Rotate BETWEEN the boxes
TrifluralinPyroxasulfoneProsulfocarb
TriallatePropyzamide
Extension message for agronomists
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FULL DOSES
Rotate BETWEEN the boxes
TrifluralinPyroxasulfoneProsulfocarb
TriallatePropyzamide
Extension message for agronomists
What about mixtures?
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0 1 0 2 0 3 0
0
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
Y e a rs
Re
sis
tan
ce
fre
qu
en
cy
(%
)
N o d iv e rs ity (e g 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 )
R o ta t io n s (e g 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 )
M ix tu re s (e g M x 1 2 , M x 1 3 , 4 )
Rotate Mixtures!
Modelling: mixtures delay resistance
1 = Trifluralin; 2 = Prosulfocarb; 3 = Pyroxasulfone; 4 = Propyzamide
Ref: Busi, Renton and Powles, unpublished
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nFuture herbicides for ryegrass (2020)
R R S0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0 8 0 0
0
5 0
1 0 0
F 9 6 0 0 g h a-1
Su
rv
iva
l (
%)
R y e g ra s s
W h e a t
Experimental herbicide
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Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
Herbicides are the current best tools to control weeds.
Pre-em herbicides are under pressure (know how and use them with care!)
Metabolic cross-resistance traits anticipate herbicide use
Mix and rotate at full dose (synergists? only promising)
Conclusions
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Can this work be useful to farmers?
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Are you a farmer?
Are you an agronomist?
Do you think herbicide resistance is a problem?
Is it useful to test for field resistance?
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Two centres provide
herbicide resistance testing
Southern Australian ‘wheat-belt’
25 M ha
SA
Plant Science Consulting
NSW
Charles Sturt University
$1000 and 10 weeks
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Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
First
experiments:
7DAT was
encouraging
BUT NOT
ENOUGH!
R
S
![Page 32: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
![Page 33: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
Keep monitoring…
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Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
![Page 35: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
7 DAYS
![Page 36: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
7 DAYS: Great!!
-> Time consuming
-> OK for 3 herbicides
-> Statistical power?
(5 seedlings tested)
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Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
Pyroxasulfone (Yamato)
S
R1
R2
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Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
Herbicide Resistance detected
Glyphosate YES
Paraquat YES
Triallate YES
Trifluralin YES
Prosulfocarb YES
Pyroxasulfone YES
Clethodim YES
Knock-down
PRE
POST
5 DAYS
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Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
AHRI kit for rapid resistance
detection (5 DAYS)
Farmers / agronomists will
sample fields and test weeds
Trifluralin Pyroxas ClethodimGlyphosate Paraquat Prosulfoc
resistance resistance resistance
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Real-time demos to farmers
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Weed seeds collected in March-April
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0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0
0
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
T r if lu ra lin
E m e rg e n c e (% ) in a g a r
Em
erg
en
ce
(%
) in
po
ts
1 2
3
4
5
7
8
9
1 0
1 1
1 2
1 5
1 6
1 7
S u s c e p t1
S u s c e p t2
R e s is t
Correlation work in progress…
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Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
A new test for rapid resistance detection (patent pending);
This AHRI test could be highly adopted (work in progress);
Agronomists / growers will make informed decisions and own the data;
Resistance will be managed more effectively.
Conclusions
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![Page 46: You can follow my talk here: · Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042319/5f0959f37e708231d4266bd1/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC)
A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT
2600 Australia
P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia
T +61 2 6166 4500
F +61 2 6166 4599
www.grdc.com.au
@thegrdc @GRDCWest
#GRDCUpdates
gracias por invitarme aquígracias por invitarme aquígracias por invitarme aquígracias por invitarme aquígracias por invitarme aquígracias por invitarme aquígracias por invitarme aquí
Preguntas???