i'Y

Occuthtl'on@Newstetter

Volume III, Number 11 March, 1985

Occultation Newsletter is published by the International Occultation Timing Association. Editor and compos-itor: H. F. DaBo11; 6 N 106 White Oak Lane; St. Charles, IL 60174; U. S. A. Please send editorial matters,renewals, address changes, and reimbursement requests to the above, but for new memberships, new subscrip-tions, back issues, and any special requests, write to IOTA; P. 0. Box 3392; Columbus, OH 43210-0392; U.S.A.

FP7)Y! THE PUBLISHER

This is the first issue of 1985.

When renewing, please give your name and address ex-actly as they appear on your mailing label, so thatwe can locate your file; if the label should be re-

ised, tell us how it should be changed.

If you wish, you may use your VISA or MasterCard forpayments to IOTA; include the account number, theexpiration date, and your signature. Card usersmust pay the full prices, which are shown below,FOLLOWED BY THE DISCOUNT PRICES IN BRACKETS FOR THEUSE OF THOSE PAYING BY CASH, CHECK, OR MONEY ORDER.These are corrected prices, which supersede thoseshown in o.n. 3 (9), 190.

o.n.'s price is $1.46[1.40]/issue, or $5.73[5.50]/year (4 issues) including first class surface mail-

" ing. Back issues through Vol.2, No. 13 still areI priced at only $1.04[1.00]/issue; later issues at

' $1.46[1.40]. Air mail shipment of o.n. back issues

, and subscriptions, if desired, is 47¢[45¢]/issue" ($1.88[1.80]/year) extra, outside the U.S.A., Cana-da, and Mexico. IOTA membership, subscription in-cluded, is $11.46[11.00]/year for residents of NorthAmerica (including Mexico) and $16.67[16.00] forothers, to cover costs of overseas air mail. ForIOTA members, the following items are availableithout extra charge; non-members pay $1.04[1.00] for

" iocal circumstance (asteroidal occultation) predic-tions, and $1.56[1.50] per graze limit prediction.

Observers from Europe and the British Isles shouldjoin IOTA/ES, sending DM 20.-- to Hans-j. Bode, Bar-told-knaust Str. 8, 3000 Hannover 91, German FederalRepublic.

IOTA NEWS

David Id. Dunham

There will be no IOTA session during the Texas StarParty on May 18th, as indicated might be the case onp. 204 of the last issue. Earlier we had hoped thatwe could hold our annual meeting then, but we willnot have a quorum of the board of directors due toconflicting travel by one of the directors. If an-other IOTA member planning to attend the Texas StarParty wants to organize an IOTA session, let meknow, but it can not count as an annual meeting.

i Contact TSP '85; Dept. A; 128 N. Comerce; Burleson,j TX 76028 for more information about the Texas Star

Party in May. The annual IOTA meeting will be heldµ

in Houston, TX, sometime during November. We stillwant to hold an IOTA meeting with the Texas StarParty in a future year, perhaps 1986.

A copy of the IOTA travel expense report needed tosubtract legitimate expenses from your income re-ported to the Internal Revenue Service, and an ex-planation, were distributed to members in the U.S.A.with the last issue. The form was prepared byCharles Herold, following a handwritten draft whichI wrote on the plane trip to Houston for the IOTAmeeting last November; I did not have a copy. Aftergiving the draft to Herold, a couple of minor chang-es subsequently were discussed by telephone. Chucksent me a copy of the form by special delivery onDecember 18, but the postal service did not deliverit to me until January 2, by which time the last is-sue already had been distributed. Hence, I did nothave a copy of the form when I wrote the explana-tion, and a few discrepancies resulted. Under ex-penses, item 6 (postage) should not have been listedseparately, since it is a subset of mailing expense(item 5). Under travel (item 3) auto, personal au-tomobile travel was intended, and the mileage aswell as the the cost (at 9 cents per mile for 1984)should be reported (if you have not already sentyour form for 1984 to DaBoll, write the mileageabove the auto travel expense on the fom). Thecost of renting a car in a distant city should beincluded in "other" travel expenses, along withtolls and parking fees, airplane tickets, taxi, etc.The cost of maps needed for an expedition can be in-cluded under "Misc." expense; any other expense morethan $5 in this category needs an explanatory note.A place for reporting the grand total expense forall expeditions was not included in the form. Ifyou are listing expenses for more than one trip, thegrand total should be written in just to the rightof the word "TOTAL," and left of al) the individual ,trip totals.

Tony Murray, an IOTA member in Georgetown, GA, worksin a print shop and has offered to print IOTA let-terhead and envelopes for the cost of the plates,paper, envelopes, and postage. I sent him a designusing the moon symbol from the o.n. masthead. Mur-ray is working on the letterhead and envelopes for afew of the IOTA officers, and will produce versionswith only the symbol and IOTA (not abbreviated) foruse by the other officers. The latter also may beof use by other members, for example to write to thedirector of a park or other facility for permissionto observe an early morning graze. Send me a large(wider than 10.6 cm, longer than 24.2 cm), self-ad-dressed (and stamped, if you live in the U.S.A.) if

- 224

you want 2 (one ounce) or 5 (two ounces) copies ofthe letterhead and envelopes. We have decided touse dark blue ink. hie will design an IOTA member-ship card, which Murray will duplicate and send toDaBo11, probably for distribution with the next is-sue of o.n.

ILOC recently sent residuals for 1982 lunar occulta-tion observations to several observers. We hopetheir operation is smoother now, so that residualsfor 1983 and 1984 might be produced with less delay.

The 1985 January issue of Sky and Telescope is nowout of print. This is unfortunate, since it con-tains my annual articles on the 1985 lunar and plan-etary occultations, which new subscribers no longerwill be able to buy. As noted in the last issue,Sky and Telescope sometimes can publish more up-to-date information about specific asteroidal occulta-tions due to their more frequent publication. Also,Sky and Telescope sometimes publishes finder chartswhich are better than the ones in o.n.; see p. 245of their March issue. Also in the March Sky and"elescope is an interesting account of the creation

m-jf the new Lowell 18-inch astrographic telescope,mentioned in o.n. 3 (g), 161-162.

The telephones for asteroidal occultation updates inHouston, TX, (713,488-6871) and in Silver Spring,MD, (301,585-0989) are also the home telephones forPaul Maley and me, respectively. Hence, you willget the recorded message only if we are not there;some callers have been surprised when someone an-swers the phone. The person who answers the phone

" usually has the latest information, so this is rare-ly a problem. Some observers call during the early

, morning hours to take advantage of cheaper phone" rates. For five days before asteroid occultations

potentially visible from North America listed in Skyand Telescope and o.n., I usually will disconnectthe phones when I go to bed except for the one withthe answering machine, so you can obtain the mes-sages then. On other dates, useful asteroidal oc-cultation updates are rarely available and non-aner-gency late-night (Eastern Time Zone) calls are dis-couraged. If you get the recorded message, you al-'"ays can leave a message after it is played, and are

m icouraged to do so if you are organizing observersin your area and the latest information indicatesthat the path may be nearby. See also joan's articleabout an astronorrjy computer bulletin board on p. 233.

Unfortunately, my work with eclipses has left notime to work on the observations of the 1983 occul-tations by (2) Pallas and (51) Nemausa. By July,other project deadlines will have passed, and I thenwill concentrate on the final analysis of theseevents. I plan to have a final draft of a paperabout Pa11as written before the American Astronomi-cal Society's Division on Planetary Science meets inBaltimore October 29 to November 1.

The eclipse work also has delayed the star catalogand asteroid occultation search work mentioned inthe last issue; I do not expect to undertake thiswork in earnest until April. It will need to becompleted in June, since we need to produce the nextissue no later than the end of June, Since the work

. is not done now, the photoelectric supplement men-tioned in previous issues will not be initiated un-til the next issue. Occultations of stars by thecoma of Comet Giacobini-Zinner will be most impor-

tant during the months preceding the encounter withthe Interplanetary Cometary Explorer on September11, since observations of these events could giveimportant information about the dust hazard whichcan affect the spacecraft targeting strategy. As oflate February, the comet had not been recovered, andthis is desirable for computing an orbit accurateenough for occultation predictions. A CCD observa-tion of an unpredicted occultation of a 15th-mag.star by the coma of another comet using the 1.54-mreflector at Catalina Observatory, AZ, is describedby S. Larson and M. A'Hearn in an article, "CometBowell (1980b): Measurement of the Optical Thick-ness of the Coma and Particle Albedo from a StellarOccultation," in Icarus 58, pp. 446-450 (1984).Predictions of occultations by Halley's Comet aregiven by E. Bowell, L. Wasserman, \4. Baum, R. Mil-lis, and K. Lurme in "Occultations of Stars and Ra-dio Sources by Comets: Predictions and ObservingProspects," in Cometary Astrometry, pp. 105-122.This book contains the proceedings of a workshopheld June 18-19, 1984, at the European Southern Ob-servatory Headquarters in Garching, G.F.R. in con-junction with the International Halley Hatch. Thebook is Jet Propulsion Laboratory Publication 84-82,edited by D. Yeomans, R. West, R. Harrington, and B.Marsden. The first listed observable occultation ofa star is not until October; these events wi}7 beincluded in my list of additional occultations inthe next issue.

GRAZING OCCULTATIONS, CONTINUED

David Id. Dunham

The table given with this article is a completion ofthe one started on p. 207 of the last issue, includ-ing the reports of grazes not in that table which Ireceived since preparing the one in o.n. 2 (16),220. Reports of all grazes received since the lastissue was published are listed in the table with DonStockbauer's article on p. 230. As noted in thelast issue, graze reports now should be sent to DonStockbauer; 2846 Mayflower Landing; Webster, TX77598; U.S.A., and preferably a copy also should besent to ILOC (Geodesy and Geophysics Division).

I have received some inquiries about general infor-mation for observing grazing occultations. I havenot answered these, since the desired material willbe included in IOTA'S occultation manual, which willreplace the currently used out-of-date papers. Someof the questions have been asked by new members who .joined IOTA about a year ago and who were not sent acopy of the old papers to which they were entitled.If you are in this category, write to me at P.0. box7488; Silver Spring, MD 20907. I plan to have apreliminary version of the manual ready within twoweeks. Although some sections will not be complete,up-to-date essential information describing the pre-dictions and their use will be included. Since thiswill be a big improvement over the old set of pa-pers, the latter no longer should be requested, andthe preliminary manual should be used instead. Cop-ies will be distributed to a few experienced observ-ers for coments, and to new observers who don'thave the old papers, as soon as possible. Sometimebefore the next issue of o.n. (at worst, simultane-ous with its distribution), copies of the prelimi-nary manual will be distributed to all IOTA members.It will be available to others from IOTA for $2.50($2.60 if VISA or MasterCard is used). The copies

will be sent unbound so

. that update pages andsections can be addedlater; storage in a ringbinder will be recom-mended. Help in finish-ing the incomplete sec-tions will be solicited;a "complete" manualmight be ready about ayear from now.

It is truly amazing thatthe most successfulgraze expedition todate, involving a 5.3-mag. star, took place ona January workday morn-ing (see p. 231). PaulMaley must be congratu-lated for this remarka-ble feat, involvingmostly observers fromthe Houston, TX, area;mild observers in your

_ ,ty do half as wellwith a brighter starduring a warm evening?In our area, we wouldhave trouble'coming any-where close to this rec-ord. Even more ranarka-ble, Don Stockbauer leda second expedition fromthe same city for the

" simultaneous graze of2.9-mag. Alpha 2 Librae,obtaining more timings

" than were made duringany graze observed in1984 by a wide margin,as far as I know. SinceMaley's group had a siz-able south shift, theymissed the top of theprofile, which was re-corded well by Stock-bauer's expedition. An

count of the january""TSth efforts, including

a plot of the observedprofile, will appear inSky and Telescope, prob-ab7y in either the Mayor June issue.

Star % -Mo Dy Number Mqg Sn.1, CA, Location

Sta T: ! :: OrRanizer

225

;jt wa l!,

19781 18 093562 8.8 73+ S Kiev, Ukraine 1 1 24 A.6 13 118833 8.1 49+ N Shtompelevka, Ukr. 1 2 8 N.6 15 139143 8.3 69+ N Kiev, Ukraine 1 3 24 V.

10 19 0692 1.1 86- N Beregovo, Ukraine 1 1 2 7 V.

A. ShltetskyP. KalinichenkoI. MazurMikhailets & E. Barnaya

19803 21 0692 1.1 32+ N To1ochin,Belorussia 2 5 6 V. A. Golubev3 21 0692 1.1 32+ N Sosnovka, Russia 5 18 8 Alexander Osipov4 21 097448 8.9 47+ Poltava. Ukraine 1 3 20 B. F. Sincheschul

19811 17 094767 8.2 92+ N1 31 2463 6.9 20- 11S2 9 109577 7.8 20- 5S2 12 0692 1. 1 64+ -S2 26 2280 6.8 56- 14S3 28 2591 6.5 57-5 8 1129 5.3 27+5 11 1504 5. 7 58+5 27 3339 6.7 48- N6 6 1355 7.6 23+ N9 3 140042 7.8 79+9 17 0454 5. 8 88- N

10 7 163462 7.0 64+10 20 080019 7.9 47- 911 1 2618 6.6 20+ S11 6 3303 6.2 68+ S

19821 20 2361 4.8 19- 11S1 21 2498 4.5 12- 14S1 31 0249 4. 7 36+ 4S3 5 1047 5.2 74+4 14 2595 5.7 70- 16S4 27 0843 7.2 16+ IS4 28 079113 8.3 31+4 29V 1129 5.3 34+ IS5 1 098554 7.2 56+ 4N5 12 2725 5.8 83- 14S5 17 3419 4. 5 33- 5N5 25 1433 6.8 9+5 26 1191 7.0 19+ -3S5 29 1485 7.2 42+ 7N7 6 187543 8.4 OE U7 6 187547 9.3 OE 65U7 6 187581 7.7 OE U7 6 C1527410.6 OE U7 17 0620 6.3 18- N7 17 0663 6.9 16- BN7 18 077287 8.1 8- N7 26 1856 6.6 33+ 5N7 26 1856 6.6 33+ 5N7 29 2223 4.0 66+ ION7 29 2223 4.0 66+ 5N7 30 2391 7.2 77+ ION

Kiev, UkraineMelbourne, FLMims, FLGorredijk,Ho11andMiami, FLHarrisburg, RSAWarmbad,R.S.AfricaBabsfontein, RSAGrootvlei, R.S.Af.Kameneis-Pod.,ljkr.Pienaarsrivier,RSABoksburg, R.S.Afr.Johannesburg, RSAGober, TXEdenvale, R.S.Afr.Heidelberg, R.S.A.

1 4 248 25 2 82 4115

10 501 81 21153 81 63 37 1 89 753 31 22 79 237 122 9 1 209 286 13

V. I. MazurHarold PovenmireHarold PovenmireD. SchmidtHarold PovenmireM. D. OverbeekJ. BarsbyJ. BarsbyM. D. OverbeekD. G. ZvoleikoM. D. OverbeekJ. BarsbyJ. BarsbyPaul NewmanJ. BarsbyJ. Barsby

-2

[The table continues onthe two pages followingthis one.]

Key Largo, FL 4 20 2Titusvi11e, FL 5 35 1Auck1and,N.Zealand 4 14Valdeavero, Spain 1 2Nimamua, FL 6 21 2Charmhaven,Austr1. 5 34 2Benicarlo, Spain 1 2 1Pikesvi17e, MD 4 11 1Rockland, Ontario 3 17 2Mangamaunu, N.Z. 1 6Wyong, Australia 3 7 1Bloemfontein, RSA 2 4 1Sevilla, Spain 1 3 4Baytown, TX 9 24 1Stigler, OK 4 49 1Damon, TX 1 4 1Stigler, OK 4 31 1Australia 1 6Ane, Spain 1 1Byhalia, MS 1 2 1Little Lake, CA 2 10 1Munger, IL 4 33 1Bluffton, OH 1 1 2Orroroo,S.Austra1. 1 0 2Sussex lnlet,N.S.W.5 23 1Pietermaritzbg.,RSA 1 7 1

159

202515

78

20102015102015132013

2520201520111215

Harold PovenmireHarold PovenmireG. HerdmanJose RiperoTom Campbell 198-14Roger Giller 55179 16Vicente BorrasDavid DunhamBrian Burke 5 3-29Brian LoaderGreg Hayward 354 56G. WalkerManuel Cruz 181 -8Don Stockbauer 2N 6-42Thomas Williams 6Don Stockbauer 11N185 7Thomas Williams 0?

Jose RiperoBenny Roberts 347 46Richard LasherBerton Stevens 3N 3-60Ronald Rich -60David SteickeRoger Giller IS 7-53Christopher Lake

OBSERVATIONS OF ASTEROIDAL APPULSES AND OCCULTATIONS served no occultation from La Paz, Bolivia: MirandaTrujillo and Espinoza Yamaguchi, and Ortiz Mauser

Jim Stami and Salm. Oporto.

(114) Kassandra and SAD 95572, Feb 14, 1983: (O.N.3 (8) 166). An attempt to observe the occultationwas made by Marco Cavagna and Oreste Meliga from theisland of Digiri, Republic of Maldives. They reportno occultation from 18:39 UT to )8:59 UT.

" (128) Nemesis and SAD 139402, May 2, 1983: (O.N. 3

(9) 186). Jorge Po1man reports that two teams ob-

(386) Siegena and AGK3 +5° 2112, jul 16, 1984: (O.N.

3 (9) 187). j. Pinson, observing from La Seyne,France, saw no occultation from 00:28 to 00:47, andnone were seen from 00:25 to 00:45 at Haute-ProvenceObservatory at St. Michel, France.

(87) Sylvia and SAD 211985, Aug 8: (O.N. 3 (9)187). David Dunham had telephoned updates on this

226

event to Danie Overbeekin South Africa, who no-tified only a few ob-servers, since a missnow was predicted forSouth Africa. Overbeekreports the followingresults: Misses werereported by Blane, Bd-denstein, Fraser, Lear-month, and Overbeek atWitwatersrand; Van El-linckhuyzen at Bloemfon-tein; and pazzi at Ni-gel. However, J. Stro-bos and V. Hirsch, ob-serving at Port Eliza-beth, recorded a disap-pearance at 18:01:37.2±054, and a reappearanceat 18:01:59.3 ±058. Thesignificance of this ob-servation is sumarizedin the last issue of O.n.

_ 17) Winchester and BD+4° 978, Sep 2: (O.N. 3

(9), 187). Thomas Lang-hans, at San Bruno, CA,monitored the star from10:00 until 10:24 with-out observing an occul-tation.

(188) Menippe and SAD

' 143998, Sep 3: B.Thooris, at Wervik, Bel-gium, observed from IB:

" 55 to 19:27 withoutseeing an occultation.Clouds prevented obser-vations from 19:03:15 to19:05:22, 19:09:38 to19:13:45, and 19:22:18to 19:26:32.

(209) Dido and SAD188498, Sep 4: O.N. 3

" 187). Under cloudySUes, Ferruccio Ginnel-ii, at Fortaleza, Bra-zil, found an intervalfrom 1:13 until 1:26with good transparencyand stability, but ob-served no event.

(6) Hebe and anonymousstar, Sep 14: From Meu-don Observatory at Meu-don, France, it was de-termined that Hebepassed about 2 arc sec-onds south of the star,with least distance at4:11:24. The observation4:19.

Star XE2 W Nul!!be.r Ma,& Sn.1 C,A. Location

t if S ApSta ,T,m. .S c.m OrRanlzer St .Ma. b

19828 13 0610 6.2 39- 13N8 14 0765 5.3 28- N8 15 0928 6.0 18- 12N8 15 0946 3.2 17- 14N8 27 2446 7.2 60+ 4S8 27 2446 7.2 60+ 4S9 10 0766 6.0 50- 15N9 11 077553 8.2 43- 13N9 22 159310 7.7 22+ 3N9 25 2661 7. 1 52+ 4S9 29 3150 6.5 84+ 2S

10 8 0843 7.2 67- 15N10 10 1118 6.0 48- N10 10 1118 6.0 48- 9N10 23 2694 6.4 32+ 4S10 23 2694 6.4 32+ 5S10 24 2850 7. 5 41+ 6S10 26 3092 6.2 60+ 4S10 26 190146 7.9 60+ 8S10 27 3228 7.2 70+ 7S11 8 098510 7.3 49- 11N11 21 2961 6.0 27+ 6S11 23 3228 7.2 46+ 13S12 10 139356 8.0 22- 3S12 22 3428 5.2 38+ IDS12 25 0249 4. 7 69+ 14S12 30 078519 9.1 OE 89U12 30 078519 9.1 OE 90U12 30 C0374710.2 OE U12 30 C0374710.2 OE U72 30 078665 8.2 46E U

19831 18 146764 8.4 19+ 14S1 19 0018 6.0 26+ S2 3 1950 5.8 67- S2 18 110072 8.7 22+ 14S2 18 110072 8.7 22+ RS2 18 0249 4.7 23+ -7N2 19 0404 5. 2 35+ 9S2 21 0668 6.0 55+ 2S2 21 0700 5. 7 58+3 7 185674 7.1 41- 17S3 10 2921 6.1 20- S3 21 0752 4.7 38+ IN3 21 0752 4. 7 38+ IN3 21 0752 4.7 38+ IN3 22 0923 6.9 50+ 3N3 23V078963 7.0 60+ 5S4 5 2850 7.6 47-4 17 0725 6.9 16+ IN4 17 0761 6.7 18+ IN4 19 1041 8.0 35+ 2N4 29 2302 2.9 95- 16S4 29V 2302 2.9 95- 16S4 29 2303 5.1 95- 16S5 3 2921 6.1 63- 2N5 6 3304 6.4 36-5 18 080293 8.5 32+ BN5 18 1308 4.7 33+ 6N

Fisher, TXElmore City, OKStrongsville, OHRock Mountain, TXCorrima1, N.S.ld.Be11ambi, N.S.W.Bathurst, N.W.W.N. Robinson, Ont.Northam, TXSchofields,Austr1.Chapel Hill, NCCamarillo, CAP.SantaMaria,SpainRoma, ItalyPoplarvi11e, MSWaverly, VAMagma, AZThornton, MSKenney, TXPowhatan, NGSeminary, MSldhangarei, N.Z.Manila, P.I.Garrisonvi11e, VATorbanlea,Queens1.Bundaberg,Queens1.Garland, TXTimpson, TXKailua, HIPahala, HIBulacan, P.I.

Thornburg, VABurguillos, SpainSan Fernando,SpainMoss Hill, TXMagee, MSPotomac, MDNew Plymouth, N.Z.Cor. dc Tucson, AZBundaberg, Austrl.Petronila, TXBloemfontein, RSABay VIew, MDGlasgow, DEMillvi11e, NJChester, TXDoswe11, VABrisbane,Queens1d.Rlverdale, TXAppin, N.S.WalesRichwood, TXHenderson, NCLinden, NCCary, NGWaikanae,N.Zea1andMe1bourne,VictoriaFlora, MSMcComb, MS

1 51122 22 1203101111161123 8 1 20316 2 206 55 1 71 41151 11 204 14 1 73 8 2 252132155131 82 6 2151 5 1 202 7 2 201101251101201 7 1 203 32 2 201 5 1 201 4 251 71 82 8 2 201151 203 22 1 81 3 1 201 2 1 201101201 6 1 251 91 8

2 8 1 203 20 1204151 81 4 1 201 8 1 331 5 3 201 1 156262151 3 71 2 1 202 81 93181112 8 1 201 35 221202 7 1 201 8 414341151111251 3 1 201 2 2 204151132 4 2 282 5 156 241 5 1 25217125

Rick Baldridge 4N345-37Carl SchweersMark AllmanRick Baldridge 0344 14Russell 01dham 1N179-32Roger Giller 1N179-32Roger Giller 25344 20Michael Watson 345 21Don Stockbauer IN 2-40Greg Hayward 179 -8Mark Lang 176 49Richard Nolthenius 0344 19L. QuijanoAdriano Filipponi 350 -9Benny Roberts 178 8David Dunham 55175 8Gerald Rattley 25177 22Benny Roberts 177 47Don Stockbauer 3N173 46Mark LangBenny Roberts 349-41G. HudsonErnesto Calpo 0169 56David DunhamDennis Lowe 171Dennis Lowe 164 59Paul Newman 2 0Don Stockbauer 0 2 0Paul Maley -5William Albrecht -5Rodrigo Nieva 18 163 -6

David Dunham 172 70L. QuijanoL. QuijanoDon Stockbauer 0169 63Benny Roberts 171 63Jay Miller 355 64J. blmsleyGerald Rattley 35180 29G. WaltersDon Stockbauer 125199 -0G. N. Walker 0Richard TaibiDavid Dunham 0 18Fred SchaafDon Stockbauer IN 2 0David Dunham 174-14P. AndersonDon Stockbauer 0 1 18.Russell 01dham 0 4Don Stockbauer 5N 1-14Mike KazmierczakDavid Dunham 196-19Mark LangGraham BlowP. RawBen Hudgens 6-40Benny Roberts 4-39

lasted from 4:07:30 until

(47) Aglaja and SAD 146599, Sep 16: (O.N. 3 (9)182). Four chords were obtained by members of the

" Saguaro Astronomy Club for this event. Peter Manly,observing from 2:15 to 2:36, recorded a 1257 disap-

pearance starting at 2:26:05.9. Scott Stiers got a12525 2xtinction at 2:26:06.75, while monitoringfrom 2:15 to 2:31. Gerald Rattley began at 2:21:44,and observed a couple of blinks before timing a 1356chord beginning at 2:26:08.7. He reports a possible055 step event just before the end of the occulta-tion. His observing ended at 2:39:11. Chris Schur

timed a 1321 event be-

" ginning at 2:26:09.2.He monitored from 2:22:07 to 2:40. All ofthese observations weremade near Phoenix, AZ.Ken Guyton recorded a 2-sec. occultation at Ma-con, GA. This chord wasthe closest to thesouthern limit that wasreported. At Tucson,AZ, James McGaha beganobserving at 2:18, andreported a possible 0.5-magnitude drop at 2:26:10, and a full 2-magni-tude drop at 2:26:13.2,which lasted 1057. Hisobservation ended at 2:32. Richard Noltheniussearched out a site thathe felt would not becovered by other observ-

,. He monitored theSTar from 2:19 until 2:32, observing a blink at2:26:02.5, and a 0.3-magnitude drop from 2:26:08 to 2:26:11. Hefeels that these obser-vations could be spuri-ous. (See o.n. 3 (ID),203 for Chuck Herold's

- notes on a secondary oc-cultation.) MichaelMooney and Scott Ire-

" land, observing atSouthern Cross Observa-tory in Florida, detect-ed no events from 2:23to 2:30, and I monitoredfrom 2:21 to 2:31 atLondon, KV, without ob-serving any events.

(334) Chicago and SAD'723, oct 2: After

"~ning a graze at PineLog, GA, I hastily movedmy equipment down theroad to join John Heltonand Hal Povenmire, andwith their help I moni-tored the star from I:08 to 1:28, detecting noevent. F. Hubner, ob-serving from Las Palmas,Canary Islands, saw nooccultation from 00:43to 1:23.

Star %Mo Dy Number Ma& Sn), Ca. Location

# # S ApSt.a T,m. S Cm Orjqanizer

227

st WA b

19836 2 3243 7.4 62- 2S6 16 1514 6.1 31+ BN6 23 2343 6.4 95+ ION6 25 186624 9.0 70E 81U7 2V 3536 4.7 60- ION7 7 076632 8.7 10-7 17 2033 4. 3 58+ -5S7 22 2672 2.9 96+-1457 31 0188 7.9 66- 18N7 31 0188 7.9 66- 16N8 3 0527 6.3 36- ION8 4 076687 8.8 25- 13N8 5 0859 6. 5 16- 14N8 27 0106 6.8 90-8 31 076850 7.5 44- 12N9 2 078308 9.0 28- 14N9 2 C0259710.1 28- 15N9 4 1285 7.8 10- 15N9 15P186844 8.5 63+ 15S9 15 187515 9.1 68+ S9 16 2834 5.0 72+ 3S9 16 2850 7. 5 73+ 3S9 29 078040 8.6 54- 11N

10 13 2790 6.2 46+ 6S10 21 0170 6. 2 99+ 19W10 27 1030 3.2 70- N10 27V 1030 3.2 70- 12N10 28 1170 3.7 59- 13N10 28 1170 3.7 59- N10 28 1170 3.7 59- 14N10 28 1170 3.7 59- N10 28 1170 3.7 59- N10 28 1170 3.7 59- ION10 28 1170 3.7 59- 11N10 30 098813 8.2 35- ON11 12 3116 6.7 47+ IDS11 13 3304 6.4 61+ S11 14 3343 5.8 64+ 11S11 27 1544 5. 7 50- 5S11 27 1544 5.7 50- 5S11 29 119317 8.2 28- IS11 29 119349 8.7 27- 6S12 11 165389 8.5 43+ S12 11 3374 6.3 43+ 8S

19841 9V 3484 6.8 28+ 13S1 9 3484 6. 8 28+ S1 9 0018 6.0 35+ S1 12 110169 8.7 56+ 18S1 12 110217 8.7 57+ 17S1 22 1702 4.2 80- 12S1 22 1702 4.2 80- 15S1 25 2064 6.5 48- S1 25 2064 6.5 47- 18S2 8 110003 9.3 30+ 12S2 9 0354 5.5 39+ 6S2 23V 2267 5.1 53- 16S3 10 077375 7.1 54+ 3N4 10 080764 8.0 71+ 5N6 13 2513 4. 3100-7 19 0066 6.8 67- 12N8 20 0664 5.4 41- 17N9 17 0709 4.3 61- 14N

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Auckland,N.Zea1and 2Lacygne, KS 5Media, PA 20xford,New Zealand 1Cor.de Tucson, AZ 11Bundaberg,Queens1. 1S.F.Saserra, Spain 3Stege Bugt,0enmark 1Vinton, LA 3New Concord, OH 1Columbus, OH 1Myersvi11e, MD 2Salvo, NC 3Sabade11, Spain 1C.Campo Leoni,lta1y 1Los Angeles, CA 1Los Angeles, CA 1San Fernando, CA 1Mt. John,N.Zea1and 1Fortaleza, Brazil 1Ilford, N.S. Wales 20xford,New Zealand 1Lick Obs., CA 1Kawakawa,N.Zea1and 2Tisvi1deleje,OenmarkTifton, GA 2Charleston, SC 3McHenry, MS 2Forsythe, GA 2Columbia, SC 2Fayetteville, NG 7Fayetteville, NG 1Greenville, NC 2Duck, NG 2Layhi11, MD 2Warkworth, N.Z. 3Bloemfontein, RSA 3Redwood City, CA 1Andover, NJ 5North Merrick, NY 7Haziehurst, MS 2Webster, TX 2Herk deStad,Be1gium 1Falkenberg, Sweden 1

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6 N. P. Wieth-knudsen 191 2320 Don Stockbauer 9N344 66

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20 David Dunham12 David Dunham 0344 321 Ricard Casas20 Filipponi Adriano 347 1642 Richard Nolthenius 345-1142 Richard Nolthenius 345-1215 Richard Nolthenius 0359-4360322020911530

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(365) Corduba and SAD145486, oct 6: (O.N.(9), 181. Under goodskies, I observed noevent from 3:01 to 3:1at London, KV. I hadtrouble finding the

" star, which was only Idegrees from the 87%-1dered my observation.

3

7,no

Mercersburg, PAPortland, CTMezieres, FranceDamon, TXActon, CACruger, MSSt. Augustine, FLSpringer, OKFlorida City, FLJackson, MSSt. Paul, MNEnglishtown, NJKennet Square, PAAshton, MDAlbion Park,N.S.W.North Miami, FLShell Harbour,NSWStacy, MNMaasdam, Holland

719 2 91 4 1 251 8 201 6 1 201 1315221125.3 16 113 33 132 20 151 5 1 333202155 25 1201 1 3 201 4 3 202 9 2 201 6 152 8 2 114211151 4215

Graham BlowFerruccio Gine11iGreg HaywardG. Evans 178 30Richard Nolthenius 347-12G. Hudson

N. Wieth-knudsen 354 63Harold PovenmireDavid Dunham 25346-24Benny Roberts 345-37Harold PovenmireJohn SafkoMark LangJan DabrowskiFloyd MattheisDavid Dunham 5N347-37David Dunham C180-59G. HudsonG. N. Walker 0Rick Baldridge 15168-17David Dunham C5S184-63Samuel StorchBenny Roberts C184-64Don Stockbauer 35189-63Patrick PoitevinN. Wieth-knudsen 174 74

David Dunham 35171-36Philip DombrowskiGinatDon Stockbauer 65161 53Richard Nolthenius 162 53'Benny Roberts 189-64Harold Povenmire IONCarl SchweersHarold PovenmireBenny Roberts 169 53James Fox 174-75David Dunham 35198 -6David DunhamDavid DunhamDavid WheelerHarold PovenmireJames AshtonJames Fox 345 -7Henk Bulder

5it moon, but the glare hin-Peter Manly, Gerald Rattley,

and Rick Rotramel, observing from central Arizona,reported that glare also prevented than from seeing

" 228

" the asteroid. They did not see an occultation ei-ther. Times were 2:54-3:15, 2:55-3:25, and 3:03-3:07, respectively. Manly taped the appulse with anintensified TV camera. Gregory Lyzenga, at Cow Can-yon Saddle, on Mt. Baldy, CA, did not feel that themoon interfered significantly, and he observed from2:56-3:24 without seeing any extinctions.

(6) Hebe and anonymous star, Oct 9: Peter Anderson,at Brisbane, Australia, saw no event from 15:12 to15:25. He states that there was "a 52% chance thatthe asteroid passed south of the star."

(747) Winchester and BD +02° 1330, oct is: Steve

Hutcheon, at Sheldon, Australia, monitored from 15:22 to 15:33. He saw no occultation, and felt thatthe asteroid passed north of the star.

(735) Marghanna and AGK3 +13° 0253, Oct 16: At Bes-ancon, France, P. Rousselot monitored the star from00:30 until 00:50. No events were detected, and hewas able to separate the pair with 70 power through-out the observation. It took 300 power to separate

ie two at closest approach at Tavagnacco, Italy.'"o. Sostero observed from there from 00:00 to 00:57,

seeing no occultation.

(545) Messalina and AGK3 +36" 0536, oct 21: No few-er than 17 European observations were made of this

event, all of which produced negative results.Troublesome clouds interfered with T. Midavaine atParis, France (4:17-4:29); J. Van Camp at Waarloos,Belgium (3:50-4:07 and 4:12-4:35); and at Meudon Ob-

- servatory, France (3:58-4:02, 4:07:10-4:09:10, and4:13-4:18). The other observers had good condi-tions. From France were B. Candela at Sollies-Pont

- (4:05-4:30), J. Pinson at La Seyne (3:59:50-4:35),the C.E.R.G.A. Observatory at Caussols (3:55-4:23),and the Haute-Provence Observatory at St. Michel.The latter reported that the asteroid seemed to havepassed east of the star. Observers from Belgiumwere M. Deconinck (4:04-4:29), A. Lheureux (4:]4-4:30), L. Louys (3:55:15-4:26:48), and L. Zimnermann(3:55-4:26:25) at Brussels; B. Thooris at ldervik(4:05-4:40); and F. Van Loo at Heist/Berg (4:00-4:19). German observers were: at Wiesbaden, Id."ilzer and M. Kretlow (4:00-4:24); at HPH Observa-

-_jry, F. Hubner (3:50-4:21); at Mainz-Lerchenberg,R. Riemann (4:10-4:25); and at Mz.-k1ein-\dintern-helm, A. Gabe1 (4:00-4:20).

(712) Boliviana and SAD 108591, oct 24: FerruccioGine11i at Fortaleza, Brazil, began observing at 20:55, and watched the asteroid pass to the west of thestar, giving an elongated image at about 21:19. Hisobservation stopped at 21:29, with no events detected.

D

(121) Hermione and anonymous star, Nov 4: Pete Man-ly and Gerry Rattley were glad to finally get anevent away from the horizon, moon, and twilight, andthis one was straight up in the dark sky. Unfortun-ately, they couldn't point their TV camera straightup, and they had to make their observation visually.Observations were begun at 12:46, and at 12:53:16.5a 158 disappearance occurred. Manly reported thatthe disappearance lasted about 054, and the "in" hadthe "crisp snap of reappearance." In addition, hedetected a 1/3-second blink at 12:57:51. Observa-

- tions ceased at 13:06.

(790) Pretoria and BD +23° 6, Nov 8: I monitored

this star at London, KV, from 5:17 until 5:30, see-

ing no occultation. Benny Roberts, at jackson, MS,also observed no events from 5:15-5:35. He did notobserve from 5:24-5:25 because of clouds. Despitefatigue and having to set up in a hurry, Gerry Ratt-ley, in central Arizona, monitored the star from 5:15:30 to 5:30, with a 17s break at 5:20:09, and a 6sbreak at 5:24:23. He only observed a miss.

(238) Hypatia and AGK3 +6° 0528, Nov 12: There was

no occultation from 23:50 to 00:35 according to Ger-man observers W. Palser and M. Palzer at WiesbadenObservatory, nor at HPH Observatory according to F.Hubner. R. Riemann at Mainz-Lerchenberg reportsnone from 00:00 to 00:26. Misses were also reportedby Bel Ian observers C. Baetens (Boechout), J. Bour-geois 2Conneux), and H. Riemig (Boechout); and

French observers S. Kuchto (Guyancourt), P. Mazalrey(Vernon), and at the Meudon Observatory.

(I) Ceres and BD +8" 471, Nov 13: Eight portablephotoelectric stations trave11ed to Mexico for thisevent, with the help of a National Geographic Socie-ty grant. Seven were successful (3 from Lowell, 3from the University of Arizona, and 1 from the Uni-versity of Maryland). David Dunham reports that thelongest chord obtained was 75 seconds, and this in-dicates a diameter of 1000 km when the rotation ofthe earth is taken into account. Two groups fromthe Southern Cross Astronomical Society obtainedphotoelectric dimmings. Scott Ireland, MichaelMooney, and Dan Leibow recorded a js drop in lightlevel at 4:42:05 from Burn's Lake, FL, while DonaldParker, William Douglas, and jeff Beish obtained a75529 chord from South Miami, FL. Hal Povenmire re-ports that about 9 other photoelectric chords wereobtained in Florida and the Bahamas, including 3from mobile photoelectric observers from the Massa-chusetts Institute of Technology. He claims to haveseen the 0.1-magnitude drop visually. He saw aflicker and called out "That's it!", which was laterconfirmed with the tape recording and photoelectricrecord. Povenmire states that he noticed a slightcolor change, but did not notice the reappearance.

p/Halley and anonymus star, Nov 23: Benny Robertsand Ben Hudgens monitored the 12.9-magnitude starfrom 6:50 to 7:15 at Jackson, MS, without observingany occultation. This is the first attempt at ob-serving an occultation by Halley that has been re-ported to IOTA. '

(751) Faina and BD +17° 796, Nov 24: According toastrometry done at Lowell Observatory, the path ofthis event was shifted close to the equator. Greg-'ory Lyzenga observed quite a lot of activity whilemonitoring the star from 9:15 to 9:38:10 at LaVerne, CA. He reports 4 disappearances and 3 fad-ings. He feels certain about the first 3 disappear-ances (9:15:12.8-14.0, 9:16:07.1-09.4, and 9:16:24.9-25.8), but feels the others could be spurious.John Sanford, at Orange, CA, reports no occultationfrom 9:24-9:35. He believed that closest approachwas about 9:28. Gerry Rattley and Chris Schur re-ported that the asteroid passed noticeably south ofthe star, from central Arizona. They monitored from9:09:15.5 to 9:35. Also from central Arizona, LeroyPa11er and Pete Manly used an intensified TV camerafrom 9:21 to 9:40 to record a miss.

P/Halley and unnamed 12.9-mag. star, Nov 24: PeteManly and Leroy Paller used their intensified videowith NV-synchronized timer to monitor the star from

229

. 12:32:13 to 12:52:29. They had to use a hair drierto remove dew, and a flashlight to check the correc-tor of their C14, which caused interruptions at 12:34:15 (73']: 12'38:49 (48'), 12:43:10 (IQ'), and 12:46'46 (115 A miss was recorded.

(747) Winchester and 7 stars, Nov 28, Dec 9, 11, 12,22, and two on the 23rd: On Oct 26th, three expo-sures were taken at Lick Observatory, and the as-trometry for these events showed all paths to beclose to the predictions from the new ephemeris byLandgraf. See below for details of individualevents.

(747) winchester and SAD 114569, Nov 28: The pathof this event was predicted to cross Mexico (nearMexico City), Venezuela, and northern Brazil. Dun-ham called Josephine Ma11Cn in Mexico City, and senttelegrams to Merida, Venezuela, and Recife, Brazil..From Merida, Ignacio Ferrin reports that YamanduFernandez observed a miss at Montevideo, Uruguay,but Antonio Mendez recorded a 2753 extinction at Va-lencia, Venezuela, beginning at 6:08:58. At Coral""bles, FL, Donald Parker and Michael Mooney decided_j use a filar micrometer to determine the positionof the asteroid relative to the star. They deter-mined that Winchester passed 1':41 south-southwest(PA=204°) of the star at 6:13:43.09. From centralArizona, Gerry Rattley observed a miss. He moni-tored from 6:17:01.5 to 6:47:00.5 with a 2s break at6:28:01, and feels that the asteroid passed slightlysouth of the star.

(717) Wisibada and SAD 75930, Dec i: Dunham called" me several hours before the event, and indicated

that astrometry now placed the path over Kentucky.Despite the full cloud cover, I called several ob-

: servers. It cleared up an hour before the predictedtime, but clouded over again 4 minutes before theevent. Charles Evans, at Hampton, VA, was able toobserve from 4:30 to 5:04, but did not see any dropsin light. Richard Dietz at the university of North-ern Colorado (Greeley) saw no occultation from 4:40-4:51. Joe Senne reported no event from Ro11a, MO.Michael Grist monitored the star at Burns, TN, from4:38 until 4:50 without seeing any occultation.Frjjm central Arizona, misses were reported by Gerry

ttley (4:34:26-5:00), Chris Schur (4:20-4:50), and"PCte Manly (4:37-4:57). Three Belgian observers al-so reported misses: D. Baise and A. Lheureux atBrussels, and R. Boninsegna at Dourbes.

(40) Harnonia and SAD 78926, Dec 3:report from Roland Boninsegna statesreux, at Brussels, Belgium, observed

A preliminarythat A. Lheu-a miss.

(418) Alemania and unknown star, Dec 9: Eleven Eu-ropean misses were received in Boninsegna's report.Belgian observers were D. Baise, A. Lheureux, L.Louys, Y. Thirionet, and L. Zimermann at Brussels;J. Fruru at Merksem; B. Thooris at Wervik; and P.Van Cauteren at Aartselaar. Italian observers wereM. Cavagna and C. Gualdoni at Gravedona, and G. Sos-tero at Tavagnacco.

1983 TB and SAD 55826, Dec is: Brian Marsden at theSmithsonian Astrophysical Observatory computed animproved orbit from very recent observations by Ar-

. nold K]emo1a at Lowell Observatory. Since this as-teroid has an orbit very close to that of the Gemin-id meteor stream, it is speculated that it may bethe parent body of the famous December meteor shower

(see Astronomy (Jan 85) pp. 68-70). Although thediameter probably is less than 15 km, there may be alot of material close to the asteroid (or dying com-et), and some extra effort was put into observingthis occultation. Mike A'Hearn (University of Mary-land) and David Dunham distributed a notice based onLowell Observatory calculations to observers within200 miles of the predicted path, which was fromTrenton, Nj; thru Erie, PA; north of Detroit andMinneapolis; and on thru North Dakota; Montana; andover Vancouver Island. The time was from 7:55 to7:57. Bad weather occurred everywhere except inNorth Dakota, and we've received no reports.

(6) Hebe and anonymous star, Dec 16: From the Oct26 plates taken by Klemola, it was determined thatthe path would be shifted 0!'40 S, similar to thepredicted path for the 1983 TB event describedabove. See the map published on p. 196 of o.n. 3(9). Notices were also sent to photoelectric ob-servers, but clouds were nearly everywhere. DavidSki11man at Laurel, MD, did record 2 possible occul-tations during a photoelectric run from 4:20:45 to4:27:19. But his light curve was not sharp, and thedrops were larger than expected. Skillman also men-tioned that he did not recognize the drops as typi-cal occultation events. The first one was 31S long,beginning at 4:23:13, and the second was 15S long,beginning at 4:24:56. David Dunham reported thatthere were widespread fog and low clouds throughoutmuch of the area that night.

(161) Athor and SAD 59154, Dec 17: Under partlycloudy skies, I found the star easily, but one ofthose clouds placed itself under the star throughoutthe time of the event, except for one second, atprecisely the time the event was supposed to be cen-tral at London, KV. I observed a 9th-magnitudeflash at the time that I was hoping for an extinc-tion.

(747) Winchester and star A on S&T finder chart,Dec 22: The path shift was predicted to be 1:'32 Nfrom the EMP82 position, placing it over Gaspe andnorthern Nova Scotia. Dunham sent letters to ob-servers in the area, but no reports have been re-ceived yet.

(747) winchester and star B on S&T finder chart,Dec 23: The path of this event was predicted tocross Brazil between Recife and Rio dc Janeiro.

(747) Winchester and BD +4° 1312, Dec 25-26: I mon-itored the star at London, KV, from 00:01 until DO: .13:10. High cirrus clouds were present imediatelybefore the observation began, and I noticed a lot ofdimning activity up until 00:06:30, when the starappeared to go out for one second. Another extinc-tion occurred at 00:06:58, and lasted 4 seconds,with a blink at precisely 00:07. Because of theclouds and the star's altitude (6°), I would haverecorded all of this activity as "certainly spuri-ous," except that I saw no more dimings during thenext 6 minutes, so I used "probably" instead, forthe two distinct dimnings. Wolfgang Palzer and 1LLandgraf monitored the star from 23:50 to 00:15 atHiesbaden (Observatory), German Federal Republic.They determined that the asteroid passed from O':S toi:O from the star at 00:05 ±3m. Clifford and GeorgeStowers, observing at Fairfield, ME, saw no occulta-tion from 23:50 to 00:)3. David Dunham observedfrom Virginia Beach, VA. He timed a lunar occuita-

- 230

tion disappearance of a 5.5-mag. star at 00:01, andthen monitored from 00:04 to 00:12, seeing the clos-est approach. Dunham, noticing that the star was

" just off Klemola's October plate, was unable to ob-tain last-minute astrometry, until a card arrived 3days after the event, from Bob Millis of Lowell Ob-servatory, giving the measurements of the star.Ironically, the path shifted south from the nominalprediction with Landgraf's ephemeris by mo, or1!'37 north of the nominal path using the EMP 1982ephemeris, placing the event over virtually all ofMassachusetts, southern New York, and other populat-ed areas in southern New England. A further irony -despite warn weather and generally clear skies, wedid not get a single report from anyone in the path.Perhaps Christmas and other competing events causedthis opportunity to be lost.

(Ill) Ate and SAD 78743, Dec 30: At Niesbaden, WestGermany, Id. Palzer, W. Landgraf, H. R. Schneider,and H. Ibler observed from 18:45 to 19:15, and de-termined that Ate passed within 3" of the star at19:05. Other German observers who also recordednegative results were F. Hubner at KPH Observatory(18:50-19:30), and R. Riemann at Mainz-Lerchenberg/19:12-79:22).

7150) Nuwa and SAD 96300, Dec 31, 1984: Gerry Ratt-ley monitored this star from 4:55 until 5:15, incentral Arizona, and noticed a "most probably spuri-ous" event at 5:00:15.2. A 052 "wink" was followedby a similar wink of a 10.5-mag. star just northwestof SAD 96300. Gerry notes that it did not have theappearance of a real event, and probably was some-thing "flittering by."

" (40) Harnonia and SAD 78419, jan 1, 1985: TonyFreeman saw the asteroid blend into the star at 11:57 and emerge at 12:09, from Berkeley, CA. He be-

: 1ieves that the asteroid went south of.the star.From central Arizona, Gerry Rattley also saw the im-ages merge, but reports that the south shift was ob-vious. He monitored from 11:50:58 until 12:15.Thomas Langhans, at San Bruno, CA, observed from11:52 until 12:13, seeing no occultation.

(6) Hebe and SAD 113607, jan 3: Gerry Rattley, ob-serving from central Arizona, monitored the starfrom 7:35 to 7:55. The seeing was so poor that he

?is the 0.6-mag. drop could have escaped his dc-"rection, if it did occur. Wolf Fahrenbach had simi-lar problems from (unreported), Oregon, with his"visually negative" observation.

(BIS) Coppelia and SAD 57393, jan 6: Benny Robertsobserved two "probably spurious" dimnings of thestar at 6:41:31 and 6:41:35 at jackson, MS. His"cloudy" observation lasted from 6:20 to 6:45. Fiveobservations were carried out from central Arizona;all produced negative results. Gerry Rattley ob-served from 6:26:57 until 6:503 Chris Schur andRick Rotrame1 from 6:28 to 6:50 (different loca-tions), Kent Hepburn from 6:20 to 6:30, and PeteManly from 6:25 to 6:50 with an intensified videocamera. Other negative observations were made byDavid Dunham, Silver Spring, MD; Richard Taibi andTerry Losonsky at separate locations in TempleHills, MD; and Paul Maley and other observers inHouston, TX.

(97) Klotho and SAD 130148, jan iq: Danie Overbeek" reports that misses were observed from Cape Town,

Sutherland, and Henly on nip, South Africa.

(206) Hersilia and SAD 94422, Jan ib: From centralArizona, Pete Manly, with his intensified video cam-era, monitored the star from 1:38 to 1:58, and re-corded a miss.

(566) Stereoskopia and SAD 139116, jan 21: DanieOverbeek reports that misses were observed from CapeTown, Henly on Klip, and Potchefstroom, South Africa.

(747) Winchester and SAD 95375, jan 22: Danie Over-beek reports that misses were observed from CapeTown, Edenvale, Johannesburg, and Potchefstroom,South Africa.

(1227) Geranium and SAD 41172, Feb 6: Harold Poven-mire monitored this 'Goffin' event photoelectricallyat Melbourne, FL, and saw no occultation. A fewother observers in central Florida also monitoredwithout seeing an occultation.

(535) Montague and SAD 93598, Feb id: David Dunhamsaw no occultation from 3:18 to 3:30 at SilverSpring, MD. Despite his scope dewing up, his WWVreceiver conking out, stray lights, and annoyingpassers-by, Greg Lyzenga determined that no occulta-tion longer than one second occurred between 3:10and 3:27. At 3:16:50 ±5S, as he was being disturbedby lights, Lyzenga may have seen an 8th- or 9th-mag.star appear for one or two seconds, a few arc min-utes north of SAD 93598. He does not give this ob-servation much weight, however.

(579) Sidonia and SAD 78450, Feb 16, 1985: DavidDunham saw no occultation from 5:11 to 5:25 at Sil-ver Spring, MD.

GRAZING OCCULTATIONS

Don Stockbauer

Lunar grazing occultation reports should be sent tome at 2846 Mayflower Landing; Webster, TX 77598;U.S.A. Also, sending a copy to ILOC would be great-ly appreciated. ILOC's full address is Internation-al Lunar Occultation Centre; Geodesy and GeophysicsDivision; Hydrographic Department; Tsukiji-5; Chuo-ku;Tokyo, 104 japan. Please note the new division.

I enthusiastically agreed to collect the graze re-ports and write the articles because grazes are myprimary observing interest. As some backaround in-formation on myself, I first became interested inoccultations after meeting Dr. David Dunham at theUniversity of Texas in 1974. Between then and 1981,'my efforts were either solo ones, or as a member ofsomeone else's expedition. In 1981 I formed a groupwithin the Houston Astronomical Society dedicated tothe proposition that any observable graze is worthdoing, not just favorable "cream of the crop"events. Currently I am a pro ramer for ComputerSciences Corporation (Houstorj working with the tel-

emetry data bases of the space transportation system.

The largest change I have seen in our orqanizationsince 1974 is the waning of interest in lunar grazesand the waxing of interest in asteroidal occulta-tions. The value of occultation observations in-creases greatly with time, and it would be a shameif graze observations will have highly valuable, es-oteric applications for future astronomers, but that

T not enough data were Star %collected. Perhaps our ,M0. 9l Number Ma2 Sn.1, fA,current organizers cankeep an eye on upcoming 1983events in both areas and 8 3 0527 6.3 37- Nnot abandon grazes. 9 3 079257 8.3 19- S

1984The list of grazes re- 1 22 1702 4.2 80- 4Sported to me appears on 5 7 1225 8.5 35" Nthis page. For some of 10 1 K07211 8.2 41+ 5Sthem, I received no re- 12 1 3458 6.5 58" IDSport directly, but was 12 31 109786 8.7 59+ 11Sinformed of the effort 1985secondhand. If any an- 1 15 2117 5.3 33- 17Secdota1 information is 1 15 2118 2.9 33- 16Ssent with the reports, I 1 15 21)8 2.9 33- 16Swill include it as space 1 15 2118 2.9 33- 17Spermits. 1 27 }09557 8.0 30+ S

1 27 109557 8.0 30+ 11SNotes on individual I 30 093315 8.2 58+ 13Sevents: 2 1 0742 6.0 77" 16S

2 8 1709 6.7 90- 165KO7211 ("CD -26°12457) 2 8 1728 6.9 89- 14S

t i, 1984, This was 2 9 1821 2.9 82- 145mb 8.2-magnitude non-SAOstar which was grazed under fairly favorable circum-

stances. The profile had huge features whichsprawled for over five miles on the ground. Thelunar altitude was 14°, and the seeing was onlyfair. Carl Sexton, an experienced observer, calledout 41 events for it; by combining calls closer thanone second, I reduced this to 31. Carl believes theevents were real, and not seeing variations. The

. main problem is that the coarse features on the pre-dicted profile do not look conducive to a multitudeof contacts. For anyone wishing to duplicate the

. conditions, the latitude 1ibration was 3?98, Watts" angle = 176?8, and the site was 0:'34 south of thepredicted southern limit.

sad 109786 Dec 31, 1984: Benny Roberts timed 11contacts of this star using only the USNO "arazenearby" message for a prediction. This is quite re-markable; having no profile or precise limit predic-tion is very risky. Proceed with caution.

"" 2117 jan 15, 1985, This was the first of twoazes to sweep across Texas that morning. The star

Us 8 Librae, the 5.3 magnitude companion of the

wide double star cl Librae. Paul Maley was the or-ganizer, and through extensive pre-graze canvassingfor observers, had 75 stations manned near La Porte,TX, of which 65 obtained data. This site did notpermit coverage of the profile adequately to thesouth, and unfortunately, a 0.6-mile south shift oc-curred. Gary Nealis, the southernmost Observer, hadthe largest number of events (ID); stations farthersouth would have had quite a show. The dilemia ofgrazes is that the area which has the greatest po-tential for a lot of action is usually very close tothe miss zone. Most members of this expedition hadonly four contacts; it was the sheer number of sta-tions that established a new record for total eventstimed during a single expedition. Haley publishedhis grand total as 268, but I get 269 when I add uphis individual station counts.

zc 2118 jan is: This was the 2.9-magnitude primary

. of a Librae. I led a 14-station expedition to Madi-sonville, 90 miles northwest of Houston, TX, whileGeorge Ellis and Jim Stevens mounted efforts nearwaco and Lubbock, respectively. The primary is an

Location# # C Ap

Sta ,Tm, S £m, Organizer

Martintown, Ont. 3 20 ) 9 Brian BurkeNorth Gower, Ont. 2 13 1 15 Brian Burke

Foothill CO11.,CA 2 3 3 20 Rick BaldridgeKantala, Ontario 5 17 2 10 Brian BurkeChocolt. Bayou,TX 3 39 2 20 Don StockbauerWoodland, CA 2 15 2 20 Rick BaldridgeCrystl Sprngs, MS 2 11 1 33 Benny Roberts

La Porte, TXLubbock, TXWaco, TXMadisonvi11e, TXMayflower, ARMyersvi11e, MDCalifornia, MDCorte Madera, CAThornburg, VACenterville, VAEast Haven, CT

65 269 1 Paul D. Maley1 6 Jim Stevens3 16 George Ellis

14 82 I 3 Don Stockbauer7 49 Clay Sherrod7 20 2 20 David kl. Dunham3 9 ] 20 David w. Dunham4 22 2 20 Rick Baldridge2 6 2 20 David Id. Dunham2 6 2 20 David KL DunhamI 4 2 25 Philip Dombrowski

231

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FK4 reference star, so no large shift was expected;we observed a O:'i south shift. Our coverage of theprofile picked up where 8 Librae left off, since Iconcentrated my stations in the prime area very nearthe southern tip of the shadow. Only the expectedaccuracy of the prediction made this feasible. Ob-servers from Austin; Dallas; Houston; and jackson,MS; helped to record this rare event.

zc 742 jan 2, 1985: Rick Baldridge reports thatBrian White was unable to obtain data due to an un-usual circumstance; his car was rear-ended on theway to his own station after dropping Rick off athis station! The damage was minor, but when Briangot out of his van looking up at the moon, the poorlady almost went into shock figuring she surelywould be sued for whiplash!

An issue was raised prior to the two grazes on jan.15, 1985: Which are more valuable; a few 'high res-olution' graze expeditions with a huge number ofstations; or very frequent 'low resolution' efforts?At this point, David Dunham and I feel that we needthe more frequently obtained data. Anyone familiarwith the Watts data knows they refer to whole moun-tains that don't exist, and exclude others that do.Very infrequent expeditions with huge numbers ofstations will never catch all these errors; frequentlow resolution ones will., Trying to map the lunarprofile with only high resolution grazes would belike the first explorers of America charting onlyone square mile of land in great detail every fewyears; the overall view needs to come first. Whatis particularly distressing is to hear an expeditionleader say that these smaller efforts are not worth-while and don't get good data. In light of theabove argument, 30 grazes, collecting a total of 300timings, would be much more valuable than one rec-ord-breaking 300-event expedition. Actually, thehigh-resolution organizer has to space observers soclosely that many of the data collected are redundant.

I hope to make the grazing occultation section ofo.n. not just a dry report of the data, but a forumfor expressing opinions about al) aspects of theprediction and observation processes. Opposingviewpoints are welcome.

.- 232

ECLIPSE NEWS

David Id. Dunham

1984 May 30: All videotapes, movies, and still pic-tures of this eclipse have not been reduced, as er-roneously stated in C. Herold's minutes of the IOTAmeeting on p. 203 of the last issue. I have ana-lyzed 51 timings of Baily's bead events obtainedfrom my videotape, as described on p. 202; no othertimings of this eclipse have been reduced or ana-lyzed. Alan Fiala and I still have not been able tocomplete a composite videotape, as we have promised,but this should be accomplished within 2 or 3 weeks.Fiala has found a convenient 3/4-inch VHS VCR. TomHarmon, a local observer, is trying to set up equip-ment that I can use to add a moving cursor to a copyof my record. j will use it to point out the indi-vidual beads, and dub in the Watts angle. For mostevents, this probably will be more useful than anyplots we can produce for identifying the Watts an-gles of features causing bead events in other ree-

ds. More information about the composite video-~pe is in the last issue.

Results of my (preliminary) analysis of this eclipsewere given in the last issue, and results for otherrecent eclipses, including revised solar radii foreclipses back to 1925, have been given in earlierissues. These have been reported only in o.n. andStardust, the bulletin of the local National CapitalAstronomers. Dr. Fiala will present these results

. at the March 28th meeting of the American Astronomi-cal Society's Division on Dynamical Astronomy inAustin, TX. They will be published in an abstract,

. for which I am a co-author, in a future issue of the" Bulletin of the a. a. S.

1984 November 22-23: Some of Paul Maley's photo-graphs, and an account of IOTA'S effort to measure

the solar diameter, are included in "November'sChancy Eclipse" in Sky and Telescope 69 (2) 183-186.Maley has determined times of numerous Baily's beadsfrom his videotape of the event, and from anotherone recorded by G. Nealis at a nearby site in Papua"^4 Guinea. He plan to add these records to the May_ :h composite videotape mentioned above. I per-formed the reduction calculations and sent Maley theprintout, including printer plots of the predictedprofile near each event, for determination of theWatts angles of the features. W. Beisker tells methat H. Bode's 35-m photographs taken with an auto-matic winder clearly show many Baily's beads, buthis position in the southern part of the zone of to-tality has not been measured accurately: Jay Pasa-choff obtained a videotape near the centerline atHula, P.N.G., but only 2nd and 3rd contact are ap-parent due to the short 48-m focal length of hislens. A filter was in place at 2nd contact, but wasremoved before totality ended.

1985 May 4: David Herald's floppy disk of Astro-graphic Catalog data for the 1985 and 1986 lunareclipse star fields were received in January, and alocal observer, Terry Losonsky, read and copied thefiles with his Comodore computer. A co-worker withComodore and a modem is working on transferring the

. data to another computer, from which we eventuallycan get it to magnetic tape or otherwise transferredto the U. S. Naval Observatory computer. By the endof March, I plan to have used the data at USNO togenerate predictions for the 1985 and 1986 lunar

eclipses, and distribute them to observers in east-ern Brazil and the Eastern Hemisphere, from whichthe May 4th eclipse will be visible. Herald wants asubset of Watts' data on floppy disk in return, andwe will try to reverse the above procedure to pro-duce them for him.

The most interesting event during the May 4theclipse will be the occultation of 2.9-mag. Alpha 2Librae (Zubenelgenubi = 9 Librae = Z.C. 2118), des-cribed in o.n. 3 (9), 184-185 (the components werereversed in that article; Alpha 1 = 5.3-mag. 8 Lib-rae). Besides being a spectacular naked-eye event,it will provide the best opportunity to accuratelymeasure the moon's polar diameter for at least 19years. This will provide a precise calibration forsolar eclipse diameter determinations from solareclipse Baily's bead and contact timings. Both lim-its of the Zubenelgenubi occultation cross desertareas with high probabilities of clear skies.

The very successful observations of the southern-limit grazes of both components of Alpha Librae inTexas on January 15 (see p. 231) trace the lunarprofile in detail in the same Watts-angle rangewhere the southern-limit graze will occur in south-ern Africa on May 4th. Hence, this detail can becombined with only a few timings of the May 4thsouth-limb graze to give a very strong southern limbfit to Watts' data. The Jan. 15 and May 4 1ibra-tions differ by less than 2° in longitude and aboutj5° in latitude.

Sudan is the only country where observation at thenorthern limit is practical. The limit for Alpha 2passes within 100 km of Khartoum, the capital, andthe graze occurs close to the time of centraleclipse there. Paul Maley has made several usefulcontacts via the American Embassy in Khartoum, in-cluding professors on the Sudanese National Councilof Research and in the Physics Department at theUniversity of Khartoum, as well as the superintend-ent of the Khartoum American School. Local helpwill be essential for equipment clearance throughcustoms, transport to the northern limit, and as-sistance in the graze path. Since the graze shouldbe visible without optical aid, we plan to organizelocal observers to obtain approximate timings atmany intermediate stations. Maley also has talkedwith Chevron Oil Company officials, who have said.that it should be possible to loan us a dual-fre-quency navigational satellite receiver, which theyhave in Sudan for surveying, to determine accurategeographical coordinates for our sites.

I also have corresponded with Prof. A. Woodruff, amember of the lunar section of the British Astronom-ical Society who has observed some occultations fromhis home at juba, Sudan. He has sent us 1:250,000-scale maps of the area and has put us in touch witha professor of geography at the University of WadMedini, which is near the graze path. Woodruffplans to observe the graze with us. hie have appliedfor N.S.F. support for travel to set up video cam-eras to record the graze at three stations, but thelateness of application decreases the chances forgetting the support. During the week preceding theeclipse, my employer is sending me to a meeting ofthe European Space Agency in Garching, G.F.R., and Iplan to travel from there to Sudan. Contact me atP. 0. Box 7488, Silver Spring, MD 20907 (or by tel-ephone, 301,585-0989) for further details if you

a

.

233

might be interested in joining IOTA's efforts

ASTBBS - ASTRONOMY BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEM

Joan Dunham

hie are in the process of building a computer bulle-tin board system for astronomy. This will be an Ap-ple Bulletin Board System, built by modifying theABBS sold by Washington Apple Pie, the Apple comput-er users' group in the Washington, DC, area. Theemphasis will be on providing announcments of as-tronomical events, observations planned, and the re-sults of observations. Message service will be pro-vided, but we intend that to be secondary to the an-nouncements. Members of this BBS will be able touse the message service, and non-members will beable to read messages, bulletins, and announcements.Information will be provided on occultations by as-teroids, on Comet Halley and Comet Giacobini-Zinner,on grazing occultation expeditions planned from theWshington, DC, area, and meetings or public events

astronomy in our area. Bulletins will be provid-"ed on novas, new comets, satellite barium cloud re-leases, etc.

to observe this unique occultation.

The equipment we will use for this BBS is an AppleII+ with two disk drives and a RAM pseudo disk; aninternal clock, and a US Robotics Password modem.This equipment is ours, and we are providing thisBBS service free of charge. We don't know how use-ful the ASTBBS really will be. Initially, this willbe an experiment.

The software for this system is public domain soft-ware, written by volunteers, and, of course, full ofbugs waiting to attack. Copies can be provided onrequest (we will want you to supply 2 diskettes, andit will work only on an Apple II+ with our equipmentconfiguration.

For more information, or to request membership, sendus a note at P.0. Box 7488; Silver Spring, MD 20907.We expect that it will take a few months to get itreally working well. Any member of IOTA or of thelocal National Capital Astronomers with a terminaland a modem may ask for an ASTBBS membership. TheASTBBS will be a 300/1200 baud system, changing tomatch the rate of the incoming calls.

[Ed: Seven grazing occultation reduction profiles produced by ILOC appear below and on pages 234 and 235.Three grazing occultation reduction profiles produced by Robert Sandy appear on pages 236 and 237. Figuresproduced by M. SOma and D. Dunham, continuing the article PLANETARY OCCULTATIONS DURING 1985 (see o.n. 3(JO), 208-222), appear on pages 237-242.]

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. 234

CHARACTER GENERATOR CONVERSION.

Rob Peterson

The following is a brief description of how to con-vert the JVC CG-P50U character generator for usewith any camera which enerates standard negative-synch composite video fe.g., RCA TC2055/U and many

others). The CG-P50U was designed for use with aspecific JVC camera, but its low cost (less than$100), useful features (12 title screens held bycontinuous memory and a six-digit interval timer),and convenient size (4 OZ.) may make the simple con-version worthwhile to some. The required mods are:I) one wire soldered inside the case; and 2) a bat-tery clip soldered to a cable to provide power.Some details: I) remove the case bottom (3 screws)and solder a single small wire (e.g., #24 stranded,insulated) from the center of the phono plugs to pin1 of the adjacent B-pin connector; replace the cov-er and install the small memory batteries; 2) theshort cable with B-pin connectors at each end can beused to provide 9 to 12 VDC to the unit. I cut the"able in half and soldered a standard clip-on 9 V

. .ttery connector (Radio Shack) to the red (+) and"6Jack (-) wires in the cable; the six unused wireswere disabled with electrical tape. This crudescheme requires removing the battery when the unitis not in use. Save the other cable half.

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The unit's manual explains the many functions ofthe device, but remember that only one of the twooperation modes will be available — the "monitor"mode. After cabling the unit and providing power,"press the CREATE key while holding the MONITOR keypressed" to initialize the unit. The first titlescreen will be superimposed on the camera video,ready for text entry or timer initialization. Care-ful reading of the manual may help.

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LAST-MINUTE ADDENDA

[Ed: The following articles were received on March2nd and 3rd, via telephone, after the newsletter ma-terial had been taken to the printer. The correc-tion also is based on the March 2nd conversation.If space is available, these items may be reprintedin the next issue of O.n.]

PLUTO-CHARM OCCULTATIONS BEGIN

David W. Dunham

R. Binze1, University of Texas; E. Tedesco, jet Pro-pulsion Laboratory; and D. Tholen, University of Ha-waii, report detection of partial occultation ofCharon (1978 PI) by Pluto, on Feb. 20.585, and par-tial transits of Charon across Pluto, on jan. 16.467and Feb. 17.385, according to I.A.U. Circular 4040.Tholen suggests that the difference in magnitudemop (0.04 for the transits, and 0.02 for the occul-

tion) might be due to a higher albedo for Pluto onthe western limb. The symmetry of event times rela-tive to the synodic period defines a nearly circularorbit. The synodic period of 6.38726 days can beused to predict future events, which will decreaseduring March and April as Pluto's retrograde motioncarries it away from the eclipse zone. Deeperevents will occur next year. Potential observers areinvited to contact IOTA member Rick Binzel; Depart-ment of Astronomy; University of Texas; Austin, TX

"' 78712 for more information.

LATE NOTE FOR GRAZING OCCULTATIONS

~ David Id. Dunham

- Observers are reminded that graze reports should becompleted with pencil, not ink. Send ILOC the orig-inal if you make copies of the report.

Be prepared for poor time signal reception when so-lar activity disrupts the ionosphere. Fifty feet ofwire attached to the antenna and suspended above

:juncj enhances reception. Back-up use of a select-ed AM radio station with one time-calibrated mastertape will provide a time base. Also, use of digitalwatches, preferably with seconds display and/orbeeping alarm to record on the tape, can save thesituation. The watch can be compared with time sig-nals after the event, and one watch on the expedi-tion should be compared before it. Some graze datahave been lost due to too much reliance on the con-venient Timekube; don't let it happen to you.

GALILEAN SATELLITE MUTUAL PHENOMENA

David Id. Dunham

Predictions of the upcoming series of mutual phenom-ena of the Galilean satellites are given by K. Aks-nes and F. Franklin in Sku and Telescope 69 (2),116-118. Observations of these will be valuable forplanning for the Galileo spacecraft mission. Photo-electric observers are encouraged to record as manyof these events visible from their observatories asthey can.

ASTEROID RESULTS FROM SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY

David KL Dunham and Richard Nolthenius

jack Drumond and K. Heqe, University of Arizona,published an abstract, "Speckle Interferometry Re-sults for 12 Victoria and 4 Vesta," in Bulletin ofthe American Astronomical Society 16 (4), 922, inwhich they state: "Recent detailed mode11ing of ourspeckle interferometry observations of Herculina andPa71as have provided such stringent upper limits tothe size and brightness of any possible satellitesthat we consider them moon-less, although both Pal-las and Herculina show strong albedo markings."They also report that "4 Vesta is the most obviouslyspotted asteroid." In the corresponding presenta-tion which they gave at the American AstronomicalSociety meeting in January in Tucson, AZ, they saidthat they did not have all of the stated results,primarily due to computer problems. In later dis-cussions, Drumond set upper limits for a possiblesatellite of Herculina at 50 km out to a distance of1500 km, and ]1 km for a satellite of Pallas to 2000km. The SO-km limit for Herculina is just above the45-km diameter of the largest possible satellite in-ferred from the 1978 June occultation, so it can notbe ruled out on the basis of the speckle data. Todate, there is no good occultation evidence for asatellite of Pallas. The large possible satelliteclaimed for Pallas was based solely on the speckledata and appears to be ruled out by the more com-plete recent analysis. In other results, elliptici-ties have not yet been determined from the speckledata for (433) Eros, (511) Davida, and (532) Hercu-lina. The next projects include more analysis ofthe data on Pa11as and (12) Victoria, the latter be-ing a good candidate for having a satellite, basedon previous speckle work.

CORRECTION

On page 233, it was incorrectly stated that the re-duction profiles on pages 233 through 235 had beenprepared by the ILOC. They were provided by ToshioHirose of the Lunar Occultation Observation Group inJapan.

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