A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O O3 P Q R S TR1a R1b

Y-chromosomal Adam

SRY10831.2

SRY10831.1

M343

M304

M170

M201

M174

M168

M122

M207M175

M214

P36

M45

M11

M69

M96

M89

M5

M9

Genebase Y-DNA Haplogroup Reference Guide(July 2008, V2.0)

www.genebase.com

Tips for determining your Y-DNA haplogroup using your Y-DNA SNP Backbone Test Results:1. Always start at Y-Chromosomal Adam

2. Print this map. Match the mutations in this map to your own Y-DNA SNP Backbone Results Report and circle all of the mutations that you test positive for, and cross off the ones that you test negative for. This will help you to visualize your ancestors’ path away from Y-Chromosomal Adam and determine which haplogroup you belong to.

3. Although the your Y-DNA Haplogroup can be predicted using your Y-DNA STR results, the only way to confirm a Y-DNA haplogroup is through Y-DNA SNP Backbone testing. The Y-DNA SNP Haplogroup Backbone Panel contains all of the Y-DNA SNP markers required for determining which Y-DNA haplogroup you belong to.

4. The SNP Haplogroup Backbone test is only for Haplogroup determination, and does not contain the SNP markers required for subclade determination. Once you find out which haplogroup you belong to, you can find out whether there is a further subclade test panel that can allow you to determine which subclade you belong to. Please note that subclade test panels are not yet available for all subclades. Please check your control panel at Genebase to get up to date information regarding subclade panel availability.

© 2008 Genebase Systems Inc. All rights reserved.

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