xpds16: review and analysis of performance metrics of the xen hypervisor on zynq® ultrascale+™...
TRANSCRIPT
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REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF
PERFORMANCE METRICS OF
THE XEN HYPERVISOR ON
ZYNQ ULTRASCALE+ MPSOC
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where hardware and software design meet
Introduction
12 Jul 2016 2
(c) 2016, DornerWorks Ltd.
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where hardware and software design meet
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Presentation Outline
12 Jul 2016
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Introduction
Overview
Methodology & Results
Summary
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where hardware and software design meet
Overview
12 Jul 2016 4
(c) 2016, DornerWorks Ltd.
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where hardware and software design meet
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Motivation
12 Jul 2016
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Why embedded Xen?
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where hardware and software design meet
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Motivation
12 Jul 2016
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Why embedded Xen?
Same reasons as for server Xen
Customers asking about it
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where hardware and software design meet
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Motivation
12 Jul 2016
(c) 2016, DornerWorks Ltd.
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Why embedded Xen?
Same reasons as for server Xen
Customers asking about it
Why performance metrics?
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where hardware and software design meet
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Motivation
12 Jul 2016
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Why embedded Xen?
Same reasons as for server Xen
Customers asking about it
Why performance metrics?
To know the cost of adding new software layer
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where hardware and software design meet
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Motivation
12 Jul 2016
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Why embedded Xen?
Same reasons as for server Xen
Customers asking about it
Why performance metrics?
To know the cost
Which metrics?
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where hardware and software design meet
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Motivation
12 Jul 2016
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Why embedded Xen?
Same reasons as for server Xen
Customers asking about it
Why performance metrics?
To know the cost
Which metrics?
Boot Time
Interrupt Latency
Context Switch Overhead
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Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC
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ZCU102
12 Jul 2016
A53 clocked at 1.1GHz
4 GiB DDR4 400MHz
2GiB DDR4 configured*
12
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XenTrace/XenAlyze
12 Jul 2016
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XenTrace
Real-Time event capture of Xen kernel
Multiple event types
Binary output
XenAlyze
Binary parser
Human readable output
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where hardware and software design meet
.....12 Jul 2016
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where hardware and software design meet
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XenTrace – ARM Support
12 Jul 2016
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XenTrace was not supported on ARM
x86 based code incompatible
Memory translation for Xen Domain
PVH on ARM instead of PV
Page mapping
Trace timestamp
XenAlyze
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XenTrace – Patch
12 Jul 2016
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Patch Created
Previous work by Pavlo Suikov
Changes
Special case for Xen Domain
Page access type detection
TSC timestamp
XenAlyze build
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XenTrace – Patch Status
12 Jul 2016
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Patch Submitted - Currently in Review
Special case for DOMID_XEN
Only non auto-translated domain
Fundamental re-work of DOMID_XEN memory
mapping needed?
Working version available at:
https://github.com/dornerworks/xen
branch: dornerworks/xentrace
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where hardware and software design meet
Methodology & Results
12 Jul 2016 18
(c) 2016, DornerWorks Ltd.
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Methodology
12 Jul 2016
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SW Configuration
Xen Zynq Distro (www.xen.world)
beta_02_19_2016
Petalinux 2015.4
Linux version 4.0
Xen Version 4.7, prelease
HW Configuration
ZCU102 Rev C.2
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where hardware and software design meet
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Boot Time, Xen
12 Jul 2016
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Time stamps
End time captured in arch/arm/setup.c
/* C entry point for boot CPU */
void __init start_xen(unsigned long boot_phys_offset,
unsigned long fdt_paddr,
unsigned long cpuid)
{
…
xen_done_t = READ_SYSREG64(CNTPCT_EL0);
switch_stack_and_jump(idle_vcpu[0]-> …);
}
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Boot Time, Xen
12 Jul 2016
Samples: 404, Avg: 876.6+/- 0.16 msec
Min: 876.3 msec, Max: 877.1 msec
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
87
6
87
6.1
87
6.2
87
6.3
87
6.4
87
6.5
87
6.6
87
6.7
87
6.8
87
6.9
87
7
87
7.1
87
7.2
87
7.3
87
7.4
87
7.5
87
7.6
87
7.7
87
7.8
87
7.9
Mo
re
Fre
qu
en
cy
msec
Xen Boot
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Boot Time, dom0
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static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
{
…
if (execute_command) {
ret = run_init_process(execute_command);
if (!ret)
return 0;
panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).",
execute_command, ret);
}
end_time = arch_timer_read_counter_abs()
if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
!try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
…
}
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Boot Time, dom0
12 Jul 2016
Samples: 148, Avg: 5.13 +/- 0.18 seconds
Max: 6.31 seconds, Min: 4.77 seconds
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Xen boot end time, 0.00
Dom0 start, 35.11
Dom0 kernel threads
spawned, 339.14
Dom0 init call, 5125.70
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Dom0 Boot timeline (milliseconds)
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Interrupt Latency
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Interrupt Latency
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where hardware and software design meet
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Interrupt Latency
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Interrupt Latency, Timer
12 Jul 2016
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arch/arm/arm64/entry.S:hyp_irq:
entry hyp=1
ldr x1, =irq_entry
mrs x2, cntpct_el0
str x2, [x1]
…
arch/arm/gic.c:static inline void gic_set_lr(int lr, struct pending_irq *p,
unsigned int state)
{
ASSERT(!local_irq_is_enabled());
TRACE_2D_64(TRC_HW_IRQ_GUEST_HANDOFF, irq_entry,(get_cycles()+boot_count));
gic_hw_ops->update_lr(lr, p, state);
…
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Interrupt Latency, Timer
12 Jul 2016
Timer test : 2.35 +/- 0.43 µsec
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Interrupt Latency, GPIO
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Interrupt Latency, GPIO
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Interrupt Latency, GPIO
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Context Switch Overhead
8/22/2016
0dom0
idle
Time
dom1
1 2 3
0 dom0
idle
dom1
2 3
1
C
P
U
C
P
U
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Context Switch Overhead, Credit
12 Jul 2016
Two domains, same core
6.24 +/- 1.3 µsec every ~15msec average
Expected overhead of 0.04%
Two domains, different cores
dom0 : 5.5 +/- 0.72 µsec on 7.3 msec average
Expected overhead of 0.08%
dom1 : 2.48 +/- 0.10 µsec every 30.003 +/- 0.0001
msec
Expected overhead of 0.008%
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Context Switch Overhead, A653
12 Jul 2016
Two domains, same core
4.70 +/- 1.1 µsec every 4.7 msec
Expected overhead of 0.1%
Two domains, different cores
dom0: 4.76 +/- 0.6 µsec every ~5.1 msec average
Expected overhead of 0.093%
dom1: 1.17 +/- 0.1 µsec every 200.00 +/- 4E-5
msec
Expected overhead of 0.0006%
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Expected vs Actual
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Run simple bare metal Dhrystone application
natively to get baseline
Run simple Dhrystone app as Xen guest
Using Credit Scheduler with different time slices
Dhrystone guest pinned to own core
Compare guest results against native baseline
Smaller time slices results in greater overhead
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Expected vs Actual Comparison
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0.000%
0.100%
0.200%
0.300%
0.400%
0.500%
0.600%
0.700%
0.800%
1 10 100 1000
Co
nte
xt S
wit
ch
Ove
rhe
ad
Timeslice (msec)
Overhead as a Function of Timeslice Size
Expected Actual
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Summary
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Implications
12 Jul 2016
Boot times
Xen 0.8 sec, dom0 5.1 sec
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Implications
12 Jul 2016
Boot times
Xen 0.8 sec, dom0 5.1 sec
Interrupt Latency
2.3µsec
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Implications
12 Jul 2016
Boot times
Xen 0.8 sec, dom0 5.1 sec
Interrupt Latency
2.3µsec
Context Switch Overhead
~0% to 0.6%
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Future Work
12 Jul 2016
Optimize dom0 boot time
Optimize Xen boot time
Reduce interrupt latency for certain special
configurations
Develop better model to estimate performance
loss
Measure jitter
Calculate WCET
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Q&A
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Closing Thoughts
12 Jul 2016
There is a growing interest in embedded Xen
XenTrace now working for ARMv8!
Available at https://github.com/dornerworks/xen
branch: dornerworks/xentrace
Xen potentially viable for a good percentage of
embedded projects
Future Work
Optimize dom0 (Linux) boot time
Reduce interrupt latency for certain configurations
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More Info
12 Jul 2016
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Xen Zynq Distribution
http://xen.world
Jarvis Roach
https://www.linkedin.com/in/jarvis-roach-33bb64
Ben Sanda
https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjamin-sanda-a2a1b920
Presentation
http://xzdforums.dornerworks.com/showthread.php?tid=599
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where hardware and software design meet
Thank You!
12 Jul 2016 45
(c) 2016, DornerWorks Ltd.