x-ray window: portable visualization on the international space station william w. white southern...
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X-Ray Window: Portable X-Ray Window: Portable Visualization on the Visualization on the
International Space StationInternational Space Station
X-Ray Window: Portable X-Ray Window: Portable Visualization on the Visualization on the
International Space StationInternational Space Station
William W. WhiteWilliam W. WhiteSouthern Illinois UniversitySouthern Illinois University
Edwardsville, IL 62026-1656Edwardsville, IL [email protected]@siue.edu
William W. WhiteWilliam W. WhiteSouthern Illinois UniversitySouthern Illinois University
Edwardsville, IL 62026-1656Edwardsville, IL [email protected]@siue.edu
ISS Stowage ProblemsISS Stowage ProblemsISS Stowage ProblemsISS Stowage Problems
Locating stowed items • Dynamic crew rosters
• Inconvenient bar-code readers
Shortage of space • Delays in module
implementation
Additional ISS ProblemsAdditional ISS ProblemsAdditional ISS ProblemsAdditional ISS Problems
Data retrieval• Remote gauges in
various modules
• Incompatible international database systems
• EVA/docking status
““Magic Window”Magic Window”““Magic Window”Magic Window”
ISS imagery system• Flat panel/VR headwear
• Designed to relieve tedium of long-term confinement
• Potential applications:
– Exercise bike/treadmill display
– Teleconferencing
– First aid treatment database
X-Ray Window EnhancementX-Ray Window EnhancementX-Ray Window EnhancementX-Ray Window Enhancement
Proposed operation:• ISS team member aims
display device
• Device determines position/orientation
• Calculates ISS objects in line of sight
• Provides coherent display
X-Ray Window ChallengesX-Ray Window ChallengesX-Ray Window ChallengesX-Ray Window Challenges
Localization• Potential interference with
normal ISS operation
Dynamic data
• Determining objects in designated direction and depth
Interactive display
• Focusing on relevant objects
Localization AlternativesLocalization AlternativesLocalization AlternativesLocalization Alternatives
Acoustic Tracking• Ultrasonic; easy reflection filtering
• Affected by environment; requires line-of-sight (LOS)
Mechanical Tracking• Direct physical determination
• Space-consuming
Localization AlternativesLocalization AlternativesLocalization AlternativesLocalization Alternatives
Optical Tracking• Infrared; non-interference w/ISS
• Extensive signals & direct LOS required
Magnetic Tracking• Simple; LOS not needed
• Conductive interference
ISS-Compatible LocalizationISS-Compatible LocalizationISS-Compatible LocalizationISS-Compatible Localization
Inertial Tracking• Gyroscopes & accelerometers;
recent chip-level advances
• Low gravity problems?
Radio Tracking• Ultra-wideband transmission
• Minimal communication interference?
Continuous Waves
Coherent UWB Pulses
Data RetrievalData RetrievalData RetrievalData Retrieval
Current static database systems• Inventory Management System
– Stowage database management tool
• Internal Volume Configuration
– CAD-based database for stowage compartments
Dynamic Data RetrievalDynamic Data RetrievalDynamic Data RetrievalDynamic Data Retrieval
UWB systems may be used for “interior radar”• Mine detection – negligible signal interference
• Medical monitoring – minimal human side effects
• Cargo container tracking – analogous to ISS stowage
X-Ray Window InterfaceX-Ray Window InterfaceX-Ray Window InterfaceX-Ray Window Interface
Requirements include:• Depth selection control
• Occlusion handling
• Target specification
• Object highlighting
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
NASA Johnson Space Center
• Mihriban Whitmore
• Vicky Byrne
• James Maida
NASA Faculty Fellowship Program
• http://asee.org/resources/fellowships/nffp
Image CreditsImage CreditsImage CreditsImage Credits
spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery
Eric Foxlin, Michael Harrington, & George Pfeifer; “Constellation: A
Wide-Range Wireless Motion-Tracking System for Augmented
Reality and Virtual Set Applications;” Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 98; July
1998; pages 371-378.
www.fakespacelabs.com
Greg Welch & Eric Foxlin; “Motion Tracking: No Silver Bullet, but a Respectable Arsenal;” IEEE Computer
Graphics and Applications; November/December 2002;
pages 24-38.
Eugene Paperno, Ichiro Sasada, & Eduard Leonovich; “A New Method for Magnetic
Position and Orientation Tracking;” IEEE Transactions
on Magnetics; July 2001; pages 1938-1940.
Shfe.jsc.nasa.gov/docs/Hab2004/Connolly_stowade.pdf
Image CreditsImage CreditsImage CreditsImage Credits
Xiaojian Xu & Ram N. Narayanan; “Range Sidelobe Suppression Technique for Coherent Ultra
Wide-Band Random Noise Radar Imaging;” IEEE Transactions on
Antennas and Propagation; December 2001; pages 1836-1842.
Robert J. Fontana & Steven J. Gunderson; “Ultra-Wideband
Precision Asset Location System;” Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE Conference on Ultra-Wideband
Systems and Technologies; May 2002; pages 147-150.
Enrico M. Staderini; “UWB Radars in Medicine;” IEEE Aerospace and
Electronic Systems Magazine; January 2000; pages 13-18.
http://www.analog.comhttp://www.time-
domain.com
www.tomheroes.com
NASA Inventory Management System Software Users Guide
(Revision 4); http://mod.jsc.nasa.gov/
do5/iso/
NASA Generic On-Orbit Stowage Capabilities and Requirements: Pressurized Volume
(Revision C); January 2003; http://jsc-sls-sisl6.jsc.nasa.gov/csig/atation/OSCAR_RevC.pdf