x — disease control · insufficient data to make statement about efficacy of this product; nl=...

449

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L

Chapter X—2018 N.C. Agricultural Chemicals Manual

X — DISEASE CONTROL Foliar Fungicides for Wheat Leaf Disease Control ......................................................................................... 450Seed Treatment for Wheat Foliar Disease Control ......................................................................................... 452Nematode Control in Corn .............................................................................................................................. 452Fungicides for Control of Corn Foliar Diseases .............................................................................................. 452Nematode Control on Cotton .......................................................................................................................... 454Peanut Disease Control.................................................................................................................................. 454Peanut Disease Management Calendar......................................................................................................... 458Soybean Disease Control ............................................................................................................................... 459Tobacco Disease Control................................................................................................................................ 464Turfgrass Disease Control .............................................................................................................................. 466Nematicides for Turf ....................................................................................................................................... 486Floral, Nursery, and Landscape Diseases ...................................................................................................... 487Fungicides and Bactericides for Disease Control of Greenhouse Floriculture Crops .................................... 000Disease Control for Forest, Christmas, and Ornamental Trees...................................................................... 499Commercial Landscape and Nursery Crops Disease Control ........................................................................ 508Disease Control for Commercial Vegetables .................................................................................................. 522Disease Control by Crop ................................................................................................................................ 522

Asparagus ..........................................................................................................................................................................................522Basil ....................................................................................................................................................................................................523Bean ...................................................................................................................................................................................................524Brassicas (Broccoli, Brussel Sprout, Cabbage, Cauliflower) ..............................................................................................................528Corn, Sweet ........................................................................................................................................................................................532Cucurbits (Cucumber, Cantaloupe, Melon, Pumpkin, Squash, Watermelon) .....................................................................................533Example Spray Program for Foliar Disease Control in Watermelon Production ................................................................................540Eggplant .............................................................................................................................................................................................540Endive ................................................................................................................................................................................................542Garlic ..................................................................................................................................................................................................544Hop .....................................................................................................................................................................................................544Greens, Leafy Brassica (Collard, Kale, Mustard, Rape, Turnip) ........................................................................................................545Jerusalem Artichoke ...........................................................................................................................................................................547Lettuce ................................................................................................................................................................................................548Okra ....................................................................................................................................................................................................550Onion ..................................................................................................................................................................................................550Parsley ...............................................................................................................................................................................................555Pea .....................................................................................................................................................................................................556Pepper ................................................................................................................................................................................................558Potato, Irish ........................................................................................................................................................................................562Root Vegetables (Except Sugar Beet) Beet, Carrot, Parsnip, Radish, Turnip ....................................................................................567Spinach ..............................................................................................................................................................................................569Sweetpotato .......................................................................................................................................................................................570Tomatillo .............................................................................................................................................................................................573Tomato ................................................................................................................................................................................................574

Nematode Control in Vegetable Crops ........................................................................................................... 585Relative Efficacy of Currently Registered Fumigants or Fumigant Combinations for Managing Soilborne Nematodes, Diseases, and Weeds ............................................................................................ 585Management of Soilborne Nematodes with Non-Fumigant Nematicides ....................................................... 586Greenhouse Disease Control ......................................................................................................................... 587Biorational and Biological Products for Greenhouse Disease Management .................................................. 593Efficacy of Products for Greenhouse Disease Control ................................................................................... 594Seed Treatments ............................................................................................................................................ 595Sanitizing ........................................................................................................................................................ 599Generic and Alternative Fungicides ................................................................................................................ 601Fungicide Resistance Management ............................................................................................................... 604

450

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Foliar Fungicides for Wheat Leaf Disease ControlL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology

Anyone using any agricultural chemical should refer to the current chemical label, which contains information about the safe and effective use of the chemical, before using the chemical.

Table 10-1A. Foliar Fungicides for Wheat Leaf Disease ControlDiseaseFungicide Type and (FRAC Code) Fungicide1

Amount of Formulation Per Acre Remarks2

Powdery mildew, Leaf Rust

Triazoles (3) metconazole (Caramba) 10 to 14 oz For Powdery Mildew, apply fungicide only when mildew covers 5% to 10% of area of upper leaves. For leaf rust, apply fungicide only when disease covers 1% to 3% of total leaf area.Do not apply after head emergence (Feekes Growth Stage 10.5). Make no more than one application of tebuconazole per year.Apply Caramba immediately after flag leaf emergence for optimum control of diseases other than Fusarium head blight.

propiconazole (Propimax, Tilt 3.6 EC)

4 fl oz

prothioconazole (Proline) 4.3 to 5.0 oz

Combinations of Strobilurins and Triazoles (3,11)

metconazole 7.4% + pyraclostrobin 12.0% (Twinline)

7 to 9 fl oz For Powdery Mildew, apply fungicide only when mildew covers 5% to 10% of area of upper leaves. For leaf rust, apply fungicide only when disease covers 1% to 3% of total leaf area. Do not apply after head emergence (Feekes Growth Stage 10.5).Do not apply if head scab is anticipated to become a problem.

propiconazole 11.7% + azoxystrobin 7.0% (Quilt)

10.5 to 14 fl oz

prothioconazole 10.8% + trifloxystrobin 32.3% (StrategoYLD)

4.0 to 4.65 oz

propiconazole 11.7% + azoxystrobin 13.5% (QuiltXcel)

10.5 to14 fl oz

cyproconazoe 7.2% +picoxystrobin 32.3%(Approach Prima)

3.4 to 6.8 fl oz

Strobilurins (11) azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08 F) 6.2 to 10.8 fl oz

pyraclostrobin (Headline 2.09 EC)

6 to 9 fl oz

picoxystrobin 22.5%(Aproach)

6.0 to 12.0 fl oz

Stagonospora Leaf and Glume Blotch, Tan Spot, Helminthosporium Leaf Spot

Multi-site action (M3)

mancozeb (various brands)4 F80 WP75 DF

1.6 qt2 lb2 lb

If 25% of the indicator leaves have one or more lesions, then a fungicide application is indicated. Indicator leaves are:Feekes Growth Stage 6 to 8: Flag - 4 and Flag - 5Feekes Growth Stage 8 to10: Flag - 3Feekes Growth Stage 10 to 10.51: Flag - 2Feekes Growth Stage 10.52 to 11: Flag - 1Do not apply mancozeb after late heading (Feekes Growth Stage 10.5) or Tilt after flag leaf emergence (Feekes Growth Stage 8).

Strobilurins (11) pyraclostrobin (Headline 2.09 EC)

6 to 9 fl oz For Stagonospora, if 25% of the indicator leaves have one or more lesions, then a fungicide application is indicated. Indicator leaves are:Feekes Growth Stage 6 to 8: Flag - 4 and Flag - 5Feekes Growth Stage 8 to 10: Flag - 3Feekes Growth Stage 10 to 10.51: Flag - 2Feekes Growth Stage 10.52 to 11: Flag - 1

Do not apply if head scab is anticipated to become a problem.

azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08 F) 6.2 to 10.8 fl oz

picoxystrobin 22.5%(Aproach)

6.0 to 12.0 fl oz

Combinations of Strobilurins and Triazoles (3, 11)

trifloxystrobin 32.3% + prothioconazole 10.8%(Stratego Yld)

4.0 to 4.65 oz

metconazole 7.4% + pyraclostrobin 12.0% (Twinline)

7 to 9 fl oz

cyproconazole 7.2 % +picoxystrobin 32.3%(Approach Prima)

3.4 to 6.8 fl oz

Head Scab

Triazoles (3)2 tebuconazole (generic brands) 4 fl oz Specifically, forward and backward mounted nozzles, or nozzles that have two-directional spray, should be used. Spraying at 45 degrees down from horizontal has been shown to be most effective. Operate nozzles within the spray pressure directions suggested by the manufacturer.Do not make more than one application of tebuconazole per year

Do not apply Caramba within 30 days of harvest.

Do not apply Proline or Prosaro within 30 days of harvest or after full flower (Feekes 10.52).

Tebuconazole 19.0% + prothioconazole 19.0% (Prosaro 421 SC)

6.5 to 8.2 fl oz

metconazole (Caramba) 13.5 to 17 oz

prothioconazole (Proline) 5.0 to 5.7 fl oz

1 Fungicides are more likely to be profitable when the yield potential is 50 bushels/acre or more.2 Triazole fungicides are generally more effective in control of powdery mildew, while the strobilurins are generally more effective against leaf rust and

Stagonospora. Some triazoles can suppress but not eliminate head scab, whereas strobilurins should not be used if there is concern about head scab.

451

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Fungicide Efficacy for Control of Wheat DiseasesL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology

The North Central Regional Committee on Management of Small Grain Diseases (NCERA-184) has developed the following information on fungicide efficacy for control of certain foliar diseases of wheat for use by the grain production industry in the U.S. Efficacy ratings for each fungicide listed in the table were determined by field testing the materials over multiple years and locations by the members of the committee. Efficacy is based on proper application timing to achieve optimum effectiveness of the fungicide as determined by labeled instructions and overall level of disease in the field at the time of application. Differences in efficacy among fungicide products were determined by direct comparisons among products in field tests and are based on a single application of the labeled rate as listed in the table. Table includes most widely marketed products and is not intended to be a list of all labeled products.

Table 10-1B. Efficacy of Fungicides for Wheat Disease Control Based on Appropriate Application TimingFungicide(s) Disease

Cla

ss

Active ingredient ProductRate/A(fl. oz)

Pow

dery

mild

ew

Stag

onos

pora

leaf

/glu

me

blot

ch

Sept

oria

leaf

bl

otch

Tan

spot

Strip

e ru

st

Leaf

rust

Stem

rust

Hea

d sc

ab

Harvest Restriction

Stro

bilu

rin

Picoxystrobin 22.5% Aproach SC 6.0 – 12 G1 VG VG2 VG E3 VG VG NL Feekes 10.5

Fluoxastrobin 40.3% Evito 480 SC 2.0 – 4.0 G — — VG — VG — NL Feekes 10.5 and 40 days

Pyraclostrobin 23.6% Headline SC 6.0 – 9.0 G VG VG2 E E3 E G NL Feekes 10.5

Tria

zole

Metconazole 8.6% Caramba 0.75 SL 10.0 – 17.0 VG VG — VG E E E G 30 days

Tebuconazole 38.7% Folicur 3.6 F5 4.0 NL NL NL NL E E E F 30 days

Prothioconazole 41% Proline 480 SC 5.0 – 5.7 — VG VG VG VG VG VG G 30 days

Prothioconazole 19%Tebuconazole 38.7% Prosaro 421 SC 6.5 – 8.2 G VG VG VG E E E G 30 days

Propiconazole Tilt 3.6 EC4,5 4.0 VG VG VG VG VG VG VG P Feekes 10.5.4

Mix

ed m

odes

of a

ctio

n5

Tebucanazole 22.6%Trifloxystrobin 22.6% Absolute Maxx SC 5.0 G VG VG VG VG E VG NL 35 days

Cyproconazole 7.17%Picoxystrobin 17.94% Aproach Prima SC 3.4 – 6.8 VG VG VG VG E VG — NR 45 days

Fluoxatrobin 14.8%Flutriafol 19.3% Fortix 4.0 – 6.0 — — VG VG E VG — NL Feekes 10.5

and 40 days

Fluapyroxad 2.8%Pyraclostrobin 18.7%Propicoonazole 11.7%

Nexicor EC 7.0 – 13.0 G VG VG E E E VG NL Feekes 10.5

Fluxapyroxad 14.3%Pyraclostrobin 28.6% Priaxor 4.0 – 8.0 G VG VG E VG VG G NL Feekes 10.5

Propiconazole 11.7%Azoystrobin 13.5% Quilt Xcel 2.2 SE5 10.5 – 14.0 VG VG VG VG E E VG NL Feekes 10.5.4

Prothioconazole 10.8%Trifloxystrobin 32.3% Stratego YLD 4.0 G VG VG VG VG VG VG NL Feekes 10.5

and 35 days

Benzovindiflupyr 2.9%Azoxystrobin 10.5% Trivapro SE 9.4 – 13.7 VG VG VG VG E E VG NL Feekes 10.5.4

and 14 days

Metconazole 7.4%Pyraclostrobin 12% TwinLine 1.75 EC3 7.0 – 9.0 G VG VG E E E VG NL Feekes 10.5

1 Efficacy categories: NL=Not Labeled and Not Recommended; P = Poor; F = Fair; G = Good; VG =Good to Excellent (Very Good); E=Excellent; ND = Insufficient data to make statement about efficacy of this product; NL= Not labeled.

2 Product efficacy may be reduced in areas with fungal populations that are resistant to strobilurin fungicides.3 Efficacy may be significantly reduced if solo strobilurin products are applied after stripe rust infection has occurred.4 Application of products containing strobilurin active ingredients may result in elevated levels of the mycotoxin Deoxynilvalenol (DON) in grain damaged by

head scab.5 Products with mixed modes of action generally combine triazole and strobilurin active ingredients. Nexicor, Priaxor and Trivapro include carboxamide active

ingredients.

452

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Seed Treatment for Wheat Foliar Disease ControlL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology


Table 10-2. Seed Treatment for Wheat Foliar Disease ControlDisease and Fungicide Amount of Formulation per cwt RemarksSeed-Borne Stagonospora Nodorum Blotchdifenoconazole (3)metalaxyl (4)(Dividend XL)

2 fl oz Seed treatments are moderately effective for control of seed-borne SNB.

tebuconazole + thiram (Raxil - Thiram) 3.5 to 4.6 fl oz

tebuconazole + metalaxl (Raxil XT) 0.6 to 0.2 fl oz

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virusimidacloprid (Gaucho 600 F)(Gaucho XT)

0.8 to 2.4 fl oz3.4 fl oz

Effective

Thiametoxam (Cruiser 5FS) 0.75 to 1.33 fl oz

Nematode Control in CornL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology


Table 10-3. Nematode Control in Corn1

Material and FormulationAmount of Formulation

Per 1,000 FeetAmount of Formulation Per

Acre (36-inch rows) Remarksterbufos (Counter) 20 G 5 to 6 ounces 5.0 pounds Apply in furrow. Do not exceed 6.5 pounds per acre of Counter 20 CR. abamectin (Avicta) 0.15 mg per seed Seed treatment Seed treatmentClothianidin 40.30% + Bacillus firmus I-1582 8.10%(Ponco/Votivo)

0.25 – 0.50 mg per seed Seed treatment Seed treatment

1 Efficacy of chemical treatments is dependent upon nematode present and population density. For best control, sample fields in fall (by the end of November).

Fungicides for Control of Corn Foliar DiseasesL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology


Table 10-4A. Fungicides for Control of Corn Foliar Diseases (Northern and Southern Blight, Gray Leaf Spot, and Rusts)1

Fungicide Type and FRAC Code Fungicide

Rate Per Acre Formulated (fluid ounces per acre) Remarks

Strobilurins (11) azoxystrobin (Quadris) 6.0 to 9.0 oz See label for restrictions.Application should be with 20 gallons of water/acre for adequate coverage with ground application, or with 5 gallons of water/acre with aerial applications.

pyraclostrobin (Headline) 6.0 to 12.0 ozpicoxystrobin (Aproach) 6.0 to 12.0 oz

Triazoles (3) propiconazole (Tilt)1 2.0 to 4.0 oz See label for restrictions.Application should be with 20 gallons of water/acre for adequate coverage with ground application, or with 5 gallons of water/acre with aerial applications.

tetraconazole (Domark) 4.0 to 6.0 oz See label for restrictions.Application should be with 5 gallons of water/acre for adequate coverage with ground application, or with 2 gallons of water/acre with aerial applications.

prothioconazole (Proline) 5.7 oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative or curative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.


azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Quilt) 1 7.0 to 14.0 oz See label for restrictions.Application should be with 20 gallons of water/acre for adequate coverage with ground application, or with 5 gallons of water/acre with aerial applications. Alternate with another non-Group 11 fungicide if making more than one application per season.

triflozystrobin + propiconazole (Stratego) 1 10.0 oz

prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin (Stratego YLD)

4.0 to 5.0 oz Do not apply more than 10 ounces per year. Do not apply within 14 days of harvest.

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (QuiltXcel) 1 10.5 to14 oz Do not apply more than 84 ounces per year. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest.fluoxystrobin + flutriafol (Fortix) 4.0 to 6.0 oz Field corn only, not labeled for sweet corn.

cyproconazoe + picoxystrobin(Aproach Prima)

3.4 to 6.8 l oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative or curative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

tetraconazole + azoxystrobin (Affiance)

10.0 to 17.0 oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative or curative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

Combinations of dicarboximides and Strobilurins (7, 11)

Fluxapyroxad + Pyraclostrobin(Priaxor)

4.0 to 8.0 oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative or curative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

1 Fungicides often significantly increase yields only in intensive production systems with high plant populations and adequate moisture.

453

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Fungicide Efficacy for Control of Corn DiseasesL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology

The Corn Disease Working Group (CDWG) has developed the following information on fungicide efficacy for control of major corn diseases in the United States. Efficacy ratings for each fungicide listed in the table were determined by field testing the materials over multiple years and locations by the members of the committee. Efficacy ratings are based upon level of disease control achieved by product, and are not necessarily reflective of yield increases obtained from product application. Efficacy depends upon proper application timing, rate, and application method to achieve optimum effectiveness of the fungicide as determined by labeled instructions and overall level of disease in the field at the time of application. Differences in efficacy among fungicide products were determined by direct comparisons among products in field tests and are based on a single application of the labeled rate as listed in the table. Table includes systemic fungicides available that have been tested over multiple years and locations. The table is not intended to be a list of all labeled products.1 Efficacy categories: NR = Not Recommended; P = Poor; F = Fair; G = Good; VG = Very Good; E = Excellent; NL = Not Labeled for use against this disease; U = Unknown efficacy or insufficient data to rank product.

Table 10-4B. Fungicide Efficacy for Control of Corn DiseasesFungicide(s) Disease

Cla

ss

Active ingredient (%)Product/

Trade nameRate/A(fl oz)

Ant

hrac

nose

le

af b

light

Com

mon

rust

Eyes

pot

Gra

y le

af s

pot

Nor

ther

n le

af

blig

ht

Sout

hern

rust

HarvestRestriction2

QoI

St

robi

lurin

sG

roup

11

Azoxystrobin 22.9% Quadris 2.08 SCMultiple Generics 6.0 – 15.5 VG E VG E G G 7 days

Pyraclostrobin 23.6% Headline 2.09 EC/SC 6.0 – 12.0 VG E E E VG VG 7 days

Picoxystrobin Aproach 2.08 SC 3.0 – 12.0 VG VG-E VG F-VG VG G 7 days

DM

I Tr

iazo

les

Gro

up 3

Propiconazole 41.8% Tilt 3.6 EC Multiple Generics 2.0 – 4.0 NL VG E G G F-G 30 days

Prothioconazole 41.0% Proline 480 SC 5.7 U VG E U VG G 14 days

Tebuconazole 38.7% Folicur 3.6 FMultiple Generics 4.0 – 6.0 NL U NL U VG F-G 36 days

Tetraconazole 20.5% Domark 230 ME 4.0 – 6.0 U U U E U G R3 (milk)

Mix

ed m

ode

of a

ctio

n

Azoxystrobin 13.5%Propiconazole 11.7%

Quilt Xcel 2.2 SEMultiple Generics 10.5 – 14.0 VG VG-E VG-E E VG VG 30 days

Bensovindiflupyr 10.27%Azoxystrobin 13.5%Propiconazole 11.7%

Trivapro A 0.83+ Trivapro B 2.2 SE

A = 4.0B = 10.5 U U U E VG E 7 days (A)

30 days (B)

Cyproconazole 7.17%Picoxystrobin 17.94% Aproach Prima 2.34 SC 3.4 – 6.8 U U U E VG G-VG 30 days

Flutriafol 19.3%Fluoxastrobin 14.84%

Fortix 3.22 SCPreemptor 3.22 SC 4.0 – 6.0 U U U E VG-E VG 30 days

Pyraclostrobin 28.58%Fluxapyroxad 14.33% Priaxor 4.17 SC 4.0 – 8.0 U VG U VG U G 21 days

Pyraclostrobin 13.6%Metconazole 5.1% Headline AMP 1.68 SC 10.0 – 14.4 U E E E VG G-VG 20 days

Trifloxystrobin 32.3%Prothioconazole 10.8% Stratego YLD 4.18 SC 4.0 – 5.0 VG E VG E VG G-VG 14 days

Tetraconazole 7.48%Azoxystrobin 9.35% Affiance 1.5 SC 10.0 – 14.0 U U U U U G 7 days

1 Additional fungicides are labeled for disease on corn, including contact fungicides such as chlorothalonil. Certain fungicides may be available for diseases not listed in the table, including Gibberella and Fusarium ear rot. Applications of Proline 480 SC for use on ear rots requires a FIFRA Section 2(ee) and is only approved for use in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

2 Harvest restrictions are listed for field corn harvested for grain. Restrictions may vary for other types of corn (sweet, seed, or popcorn, etc.), and corn for other uses such as forage or fodder.

Many products have specific use restrictions about the amount of active ingredient that can be applied within a period of time or the amount of sequential applications that can occur. Please read and follow all specific use restrictions prior to fungicide use. This information is provided only as a guide. It is the responsibility of the pesticide applicator by law to read and follow all current label directions. Reference to products in this publication is not intended to be an endorsement to the exclusion of others that may be similar. Persons using such products assume responsibility for their use in accordance with current directions of the manufacturer. Members or participants in the CDWG assume no liability resulting from the use of these products.

454

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Nematode Control on CottonS. R. Koenning, Entomology and Plant Pathology


Table 10-5. Nematode Control on CottonNematodesNematicide Amount of Formulation Per Acre Precautions and Remarks

Root-Knot, Columbia Lance, Sting, Reniform

1,3-dichloropropene (Telone II) 3 to 6 gallons Inject 1 to 2 weeks before planting 8 to 12 inches deep.

sodium methyldithiocarbamate (Vapam HL) 6 to 12 gallons Inject 2 to 3 weeks before planting at 6 to 12 inches deep.

Reniform, Root-Knot

abamectin (Avicta) 0.15 mg per seed Seed treatment.

sodium methyldithiocarbamate (Vapam HL) 6 to 12 gallons Inject 2 to 3 weeks before planting at 6 to 12 inches deep.

thiodicarb (Aeris) + Bacillus fermis (Poncho/Votivo)

NA Seed treatment

fluopyram (ILeVO) 0.15 mg per seed Seed treatment

Peanut Disease ControlB. B. Shew, Entomology and Plant Pathology

Most peanut disease control chemicals leave residues on peanut vines that make them unsuitable for hay. Check each label before using the material if you intend to feed hay to livestock.Note: certain products labeled on peanut in the U.S. contain active ingredients (propiconazole, phosphites, or phosphorous acid) that were not acceptable to export markets in 2018. Products containing these ingredients are not listed in the tables below. Check with county North Carolina Cooperative Extension personnel and your buyer for the latest information on the current status of these ingredients and products.

Table 10-6A. Peanut Disease ControlDisease or Diseases ControlledPesticide Formulation (FRAC Group Number)

Amount ofFormulation

Per AcreApplicationSchedule

MinimumDays toHarvest Precautions and Remarks

Aspergillus Crown Rot (Aspergillus); see also seedling diseases

azoxystrobin (Abound, various brands) 1 2.08 F (11)

0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/1,000 ft of row

At planting NA Apply as in-furrow spray with 3 to 5 gallons water.

Black Root Rot (CBR) (Cylindrocladium); see also seedling diseases

metam sodium 42% (various brands) 4.25 F

7.5 gal (36-inch rows)

or 6.61 fl oz/100 ft

of row

At least 2 weeks before planting or longer if cool and/or wet

NA Inject 8 to 12 inches below seed placement. Apply only when soil temperature at 3-inch depth is between 60 and 90 degrees F. If wet and/or cold weather occurs following fumigation, the waiting period should be extended. Soil aeration helps reduce residual chemical. When in doubt use a bioassay such as the lettuce seed germination test to determine if safe to plant. Buffer zones, fumigant management plans, and other restrictions on metam sodium must be followed. See your county Extension center for details.

prothioconazole (Proline) 480 SC (3) 0.4 fl oz/1,000 ft of row

At planting or at full emergence

NA Apply as in-furrow spray or banded at full emergence for suppression of CBR. Not a substitute for fumigation in fields with a history of more than10% CBR and rotations of less than 4 years. Use with a CBR-resistant cultivar.

prothioconazole + fluopyram (Propulse) 3.3 SC (3 + 7)

13.7 fl oz At planting NA Apply as in-furrow spray for suppression of CBR and nematodes. Not a substitute for fumigation in fields with a history of more than10% CBR and rotations of less than 4 years. Use with a CBR resistant cultivar.

Early Leafspot (Cercospora)

cupric hydroxide (Kocide, various brands and formulations) 2 (M1) Various; see label

Begin applications at very early pod (R3). Repeat applications every 7 to 14 days.

0 Use nozzles that give a cone-shaped spray pattern. Use 12 to 24 gallons of water for spray materials applied by ground sprayers. Use at least 5 gallons of water for materials applied by air.Calendar program: Five or six applications suggested. Begin applications at very early pod (R3). Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. Scout fields: if 20% or more of leaflets have spots, switch to a more effective fungicide and stay on a 14-day spray program. Not suitable for use with the leaf spot advisory.

basic copper sulfate (various brands and formulations) 2 (M1)

Various; see label See above 0 See above

mancozeb and copper hydroxide (Mankocide) 2 61.1 DF (M3)

2 to 2.6 lb See above 14 See above

455

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L






Early Leafspot (Cercospora) (continued)

mancozeb (Manzate, Koverall, various brands) 2 (M3)M45F4575 WDG80 WP

1 to 2 lb.8 to 1.6 qt

1 to 2 lb1 to 2 lb

See above 14 See above

Sulfur (various brands and formulations) 2 (M2)

Various; see label See above 0 See above

Early Leafspot (Cercospora); Late Leafspot (Cercosporidium); Web Blotch (Ascochyta)

chlorothalonil (Bravo, Echo, various brands) (M5)720, 6 F 82.5 WDG 90 DF500

1 to1.5 pt .9 to 1.36 lb

.875 to 1.25 lb1.5 to 2.25 pt

Begin applications at very early pod (R3). Repeat applications every 14 days or according to daily weather based advisories. Begin 14-day program if web blotch is found.

14 Use nozzles that give a cone-shaped spray pattern. Use 12 to 24 gallons of water for spray materials applied by ground sprayers. Use at least 5 gallons of water for materials applied by air.14-day program: Five or six applications suggested. Begin applications at very early pod (R3). Repeat applications at 10- to 14-day intervals. Advisory: Begin applications at very early pod (R3). Repeat applications when weather conditions become favorable as determined by peanut leaf spot advisories. This schedule requires strict adherence to the program guidelines and usually results in fewer fungicide applications than the 14-day schedule. Contact your county Extension center for details.Leafspot advisories are most effective if used with long rotations, resistant varieties, and high rates of effective fungicides.Scout fields: if 20% or more of leaflets have spots, switch to a more effective fungicide and stay on a 14-day spray program.

Repeated applications of chlorothalonil can make spider mites and Sclerotinia blight more difficult to control.

boscalid (Endura) 2,3 70 WDG (7) 10 oz Make up to 2 or 3 applications in mid-season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program

14 See above. Primarily controls web blotch. Alternate with another fungicide or mix with 0.75 to 1 pint chlorothalonil to improve leaf spot control. Also controls Sclerotinia blight; see below.

thiophanate methyl (various brands) (1)4.5 F70 WP85 WDG

10 fl oz.5 lb.4 lb

14 day or advisory beginning at R3

14 See above. Do not apply alone. Always mix with another leaf spot fungicide.

dodine (Elast) 400 F (U12) 1.5 pt Make no more than 3 applications as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program

14 See above

cyproconazole (Alto) 100 SL (3) 5.5 fl oz 14 day or advisory beginning at R3

30 See above. Mix with chlorothalonil or another fungicide to reduce the risk of fungicide resistance.

flutriafol (Topguard) 1.04 SC (3) 7 to 14 fl oz 14 day or advisory beginning at R3

14 See above. Mix or alternate with another fungicide to reduce the risk of fungicide resistance

tetraconazole (Eminent) 125 SL (3) 6 to 13 fl oz 14 day or advisory beginning at R3

14 See above. Mix or alternate with another fungicide to reduce the risk of fungicide resistance

Early Leaf Spot (Cercospora); Late Leaf Spot (Cercosporidium); Web Blotch (Ascochyta); Limb Rot (Rhizoctonia)

tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (Absolute) 500 SC (3 + 11)

3.5 to 7 fl oz 14 day or advisory beginning at R3

14 See above. Use higher rates for soil-borne pathogens. No more than 4 applications per season.

Early Leaf Spot (Cercospora); Late Leaf Spot (Cercosporidium); Web Blotch (Ascochyta); Limb Rot (Rhizoctonia); Stem Rot (Sclerotium rolfsii); Pod Rot (Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia)

prothioconazole +tebuconazole (Provost) 4 433 SC (3+3)

7 to 10.7 fl oz Make up to 2 to 4 applications in mid-season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program. For routine disease control, use 7 to 8 fl oz/A; also suppresses CBR at highest rate.

14 See Early Leaf Spot, Late Leaf Spot, and Web Blotch above. For best control of limb and pod rot, do not use a surfactant. Do not apply more than 3 times in a 5-spray program or after the first week in September. Resistance management: Site-specific fungicides (groups 3, 7, and 11) should be mixed or rotated with a fungicide from a different group to minimize the risk of fungus resistance development.

metconazole (Quash) 50 WDG (3) 2.5 to 4 oz Make up to 2 to 4 applications in mid-season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program.

14 See above

prothioconazole + fluopyram (Propulse) 3.3 SC (3 + 7)

13.7 fl oz See above 14 See Early Leaf Spot, Late Leaf Spot, and Web Blotch above. Application for leaf spot control requires a FIFRA Section 2(ee) label.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 3 1.67 SC (7) 16 to 24 fl oz Make up to 3 applications per season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program

14 See Early Leaf Spot, Late Leaf Spot, and Web Blotch above. FRAC guidelines recommend no more than 2 applications of an unmixed group 7 fungicide in a 5-spray program. Use higher rates for web blotch control. Also suppresses Sclerotinia blight; see below.

azoxystrobin (Abound; various brands) 1,4 2.08 F (11)

12.0 to 24.6 fl oz Make up to 2 applications per season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program. Use higher rates for limb rot and stem rot control.

14 See above. Use in mid-season for best control of soil-borne pathogens. Use no more than 2 applications in a 5 spray program. Resistance management: Site-specific fungicides (groups 3, 7, and 11) should be mixed or rotated with a fungicide from a different group to minimize the risk of developing fungal resistance.

456

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL






Early Leaf Spot (Cercospora); Late Leaf Spot (Cercosporidium); Web Blotch (Ascochyta); Limb Rot (Rhizoctonia); Stem Rot (Sclerotium rolfsii); Pod Rot (Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia) (continued)

pyraclostrobin(Headline)1,4 2.09 EC, 2.08 SC (11)

6 to 15 fl oz See above. Use higher rates for limb rot and stem rot control.

14 See aboveResistance management: Site-specific fungicides (groups 3, 7, and 11) should be mixed or rotated with a fungicide from a different group to minimize the risk of developing fungal resistance.

fluoxastrobin(Exito, Aftershock)1 480 SC (11)

Make up to 2 applications per season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program.

14 See aboveResistance management: Site-specific fungicides (groups 3, 7, and 11) should be mixed or rotated with a fungicide from a different group to minimize the risk of developing fungal resistance.

azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (various generic) (11 + 3)

15.5 fl oz Make up to 2 to 4 applications in mid-season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program.

14 See above. CAUTION: Check labels. Most products contain 1.0 lb/A azoxystrobin per gallon, which is about one-half the amount found in 2.08 F formulations of azoxystrobin. Consider mixing with another fungicide to improve leaf spot control.

fluoxastrobin + tebuconazole (Evito T) (11+3)

11.2 fl oz Make up to 2 to 4 applications in mid-season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program.

14 See above

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr .45 DF(Elatus) (11 + 7)

7.3 to 9.5 fl oz Make up to 2 or 3 applications per season as part of a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program. Use higher rates for limb rot and stem rot control.

See above. Extended spray intervals (up to 21 days) may be possible at the highest rate. Resistance management: Site-specific fungicides (groups 3, 7, and 11) should be mixed or rotated with a fungicide from a different group to minimize the risk of developing fungal resistance.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin 4.17 SC(Priaxor) (7+11)

4 to 8 fl oz Use 1 to 3 times per season a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program. Use higher rates for limb rot and stem rot control.

14 See above

Stem Rot (white mold, Southern blight, Sclerotium rolfsii); Limb Rot (Rhizoctonia); Pod Rot (Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia)

tebuconazole (various brands) (3)7.2 fl oz

15.4 fl oz

Following leafspot advisories, make 1 to 3 applications in mid-season. May provide some control of foliar diseases.

14 Effective against stem rot. Not effective against many populations of leaf spot fungi. Always mix with chlorothalonil or another fungicide (other than group 3) that is effective against leaf spots.

flutolanil (Convoy)3 3.8 SC (7) 10 to 16 fl ozor

20 -32 fl oz(see remarks)

Following leafspot advisories, make 1 to 3 applications in mid-season. Does not control foliar diseases.

40 Apply up to 16 fluid ounces per acre at 2-week intervals or up to 32 fluid ounces per acre at 3- to 4-week intervals. Do not apply more than a combined total of 64 fluid ounces in a single growing season. See label for detailed information on rates. Do not plant small grains within 5 months of last application. See label for other plant-back restrictions.

Nematodes—Fumigants

1-3 dichloropropene

97.5% (Telone II)93.6% (Telone EC)

Depends on application

method; see label for details

At least 2 weeks before planting

NA Inject 8 to 10 inches below the soil surface. Very effective against all nematodes. Regulations require handler training and impose buffer zones and other restrictions on fumigant use. See the label and your county Extension center for details.

1-3 dichloropropene + chloropicrin 81.2% + 16.5% (Telone C-17)63.4% + 34.7% (Telone C-35)60.8% + 33.3% (InLine)

Depends on application

method; see label for details

At least 2 weeks before planting

NA Inject 8 to 10 inches below the soil surface. Very effective against all nematodes. Regulations require handler training and impose buffer zones and other restrictions on fumigant use. See the label your county Extension center for details.

metam sodium 42% (various brands) 5

4.25 F7.5 gal At least 2 weeks before

plantingNA Inject 8 to 10 inches below the soil surface. If wet and/or cold weather

occurs following fumigation, the waiting period should be extended. Soil aeration helps reduce residual chemical. When in doubt use a bioassay such as the lettuce seed germination test to determine if safe to plant.Moderately effective against Northern root knot nematode (M. hapla). Not very effective on peanut root knot nematode (M. arenaria). Buffer zones and other restrictions on metam sodium use are required. See your county Extension center for details.

Nematodes- Nonfumigant

fluopyram + imidacloproid (Velum Total) 3.67 SC (7 + insecticide group 4A)

18 fl oz At planting 30 Apply in-furrow at planting, directed on or below the seed. Also controls thrips, leaf hoppers, and aphids (see Chapter 5). May provide early season control of leaf spots and stem rot. Do not exceed 0.5 pound a.i./a imidacloprid for all seed, in-furrow, and foliar applications. See label for plant-back restrictions.

prothioconazole + fluopyram(Propulse SC) 3.3 SC (3 + 7)

457

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L






Seed and Seedling Rot; Pythium Pod Rot

mefenoxam +azoxystrobin (Uniform) 390 SE (4 + 11)

.34 fl oz/1,000 ft of row

At planting 75 Apply as an in-furrow spray at planting. Only one application per season

azoxystrobin1

(Abound 2.08 F; various brands) (11).4 to .8 fl

oz/1,000 ft of rowAt planting 14 Apply as an in-furrow spray at planting; counts as a group 11 application

for resistance management purposes

mefenoxam

(Ridomil Gold GR; various brands) (4)(Ridomil Gold SL; various brands) (4)

Per 1,000 ft of row:

6.5 oz.25 pt

At planting 75 Apply in-furrow or as a 7-inch band over row at planting

mefenoxam

(Ridomil Gold 2.5 GR; various brands) (4)

(Ridomil Gold SL; various brands) (4)

Per 1,000 ft of row (GR):

13 oz

SL per Acre:.5 to 1 pt

Early pegging 75 Apply in an 8- to 12-inch band. Do not apply to wet foliage as foliar toxicity may result. Use with other fungicides for late-season control of stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) and Rhizoctonia stem and pod rot (Rhizoctonia spp.).

azoxystrobin (Abound) 1 2.08 F (11) 24 fl oz 60 and 90 days after planting

14 Use no more than 2 applications of a group 11 fungicide per season. Resistance management: Site-specific fungicides should be mixed or rotated with another type of fungicide to minimize risk of developing fungal resistance. Also controls stem rot, Rhizoctonia limb and pod rot, and leaf spots.

Seedling Diseases—Seed Treatments

azoxystrobin + fludioxonil + mefenoxam (Dynasty PD) 4 (11 + 12 + 4)

4 oz/100 lb seed Seedling diseases: Apply to conditioned, untreated seed. Commercial application strongly recommended.

NA Peanuts can be replanted immediately. Do not plant other crops within 45 days of planting treated seed.

thiamethoxam + mefenoxam +fludioxonil +azoxystrobin (CruiserMaxx Peanuts) 4

(MOA 4A + 11 + 12 + 4)

3 to 4 oz/100 lb seed

See above NA Peanuts can be replanted immediately. See label for additional information about plant-back restrictions. Do not make any soil or foliar application of products containing thiamethoxam to crops grown from seed treated with CruiserMaxx Peanuts. Also controls some early season insects; see Chapter 5 for more information.

Sclerotinia Blight

fluazinam (Omega) 500 F (29) 1 to 1.5 pt See above 30 If favorable conditions persist, reapply at 21 to 30 day intervals. Do not apply more than a combined total of 4 pints in a single growing season. Contact your county Extension center for details on weather-based Sclerotinia advisories.

boscalid (Endura) 2,3 70 WG (7) 8 to 10 oz See above 14 If favorable conditions persist, reapply at 14- to 21-day intervals. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season. Contact your county Extension center for details on weather-based Sclerotinia advisories. Also controls or suppresses leaf spots and web blotch.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 3 1.67 SC (7) 24 fl oz 1 to 3 applications according to weather-based advisory, field history, and scouting.

14 Suppression only. Apply at 2-week intervals or according to advisory. FRAC guidelines recommend no more than 2 applications of an unmixed group 7 fungicide in a 5-spray foliar disease control program. Do not apply more than 72 fluid ounces per season. Use on cultivars that have some Sclerotinia blight resistance, for example, Bailey. Also controls or suppresses leaf spots, web blotch, southern stem rot, and Rhizoctonia limb and pod rot; see above.

fluopyram + prothioconazole (Propulse) (7 + 3)

13.7 fl oz Use 1 to 3 times per season a full-season, 14-day, or advisory program

14 Suppression only. Apply at 2-week intervals or according to advisory. Use on cultivars that have some Sclerotinia blight resistance, for example, Bailey. Also controls southern stem rot and Rhizoctonia limb rot; see above.

Iprodione 4F(Rovral, various brands) (2)

32 fl oz Use 1 to 3 times per season on a full-season, 14-day or advisory program

10 Suppression only. Apply at 2 to 3 week intervals or according to advisory. Apply at low pressure for a spray volume of at least 40 gal per acre. Do not apply more than 72 fluid ounces per season. Use on cultivars that have some Sclerotinia blight resistance, for example, Bailey.

1 QOI (group 11) fungicide. Do not apply group 11 fungicides more than 2 times in sequence or more than 3 times per season. See www.FRAC.org for information on fungicide resistance management.

2 Less effective than many fungicides; more frequent application may be necessary. If using advisories, alternate or mix with more effective fungicides.3 Do not apply unmixed group 7 fungicides more than 2 times in sequence. FRAC guidelines: no more than 2 applications of a group 7 fungicide per 5-spray

program; no more than 3 applications per >6-spray program. May be alternated with group 11 or group 3 fungicides. See www.FRAC.org for information on fungicide resistance management.

4 Also suppresses CBR. See label for details.5 Probably not as effective as the other fumigants against nematodes.

Further Information: 2018 Peanut Information and peanut disease control information are available at your county Cooperative Extension center.

458

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Peanut Disease Management CalendarB. B. Shew, Entomology and Plant Pathology

Table 10-6B. Peanut Disease Management Calendar Time of Year Disease Threshold Management Tactics

Spring (April–June) Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)

See TSWV risk index Plant a resistant cultivar (Bailey, Georgia 07W, Sullivan, or Wynne); use a high seeding rate or twin rows; plant after May 5 and before May 16; apply an insecticide in furrow. Consider an additional post-emergence insecticide application.

CBR (Cylindrocladium black rot)

1% to 10% disease in this field last time peanuts were grown

Rotate 2-4 years; avoid soybeans in rotations. Plant a resistant cultivar (Bailey or Sugg). Consider an in-furrow fungicide application.

More than 10% disease in this field last time peanuts were grown

Rotate 3-4 years; avoid soybeans in rotations. Plant a resistant cultivar (Bailey or Sugg) and fumigate before planting.

June–Harvest Leaf spots, Web blotch, Pepper spot

R3 (beginning pods) Rotate at least 2 years to any crop other than peanuts. Longer rotations are preferred. Plant a partially resistant cultivar (Bailey, Sugg, Sullivan, or Wynne).Begin calendar sprays or advisory program. Use nozzles that give a cone-shaped spray pattern. Use 12 to 24 gallons of water for spray materials applied by ground sprayers. Use at least 5 gallons of water for materials applied by air.14-day program: Four to six applications suggested. Begin applications at very early pod (R3). The first application can be delayed 2 weeks on Bailey. Repeat applications at 14-day intervals. Advisory: Begin applications at very early pod (R3) or at R3 + 2 weeks on Bailey. Repeat applications when weather conditions become favorable as determined by peanut leaf spot advisories. This schedule requires strict adherence to the program guidelines and usually results in fewer fungicide applications than the 14-day schedule. Contact your county Extension center for details. Not recommended for rotations of less than 2 years.Scout fields: if 20% or more of leaflets have spots, begin a 14-day spray program.

20% leaflets with spots Reduce intervals between sprays when over threshold. Switch to a more effective fungicide if late leaf spot, web blotch, or pepper spot becomes predominant. If using advisory, switch to a 14-day spray schedule.

Southern stem rot Mid-July or on demand Plant a partially resistant cultivar (Bailey or Sugg). Avoid highly susceptible cultivars. Rotate 2-4 years to non-host crops. Use a soil fungicide or a foliar fungicide with efficacy against soil-borne pathogens at least once from Mid-July to mid-August on resistant cultivars, or up to 3 times on susceptible cultivars in fields with a history of disease, or if signs and symptoms of disease are present. See leaf spots above for application information. Using a surfactant, higher volumes of water (15-25 gallons per acre), or spraying at night may improve control.

Sclerotinia blight In fields with a history of disease, but less than 10% disease: early July or according to advisory

Plant a partially resistant cultivar (Bailey). Avoid highly susceptible cultivars. Rotate 4+ years with non-host crops. Scout every 2 weeks or according to advisory; begin fungicide applications if disease is seen.

In fields with a history of greater than 10% disease: just before vines close or according to weather-based Sclerotinia advisory

Plant a partially resistant cultivar (Bailey). Avoid highly susceptible cultivars. Begin fungicide applications. Using higher volumes of water (15-25 gallons per acre) may improve control. Rotate 4-plus years with non-host crops.

September-October CBR, Sclerotinia blight, Southern stem rot

At digging Make disease maps to decide future rotations, use of resistant varieties, and to pinpoint areas for fumigation and fungicide application.

October–November Nematodes,All diseases

Sample areas to be planted to peanut the following spring for nematodes and soil fertility. See the NCDA &CS website for nematode and fertility sampling instructions.

Plan rotation and nematicide use based on recommendations. Adjust soil fertility and pH as recommended. Avoid planting in areas with high levels of Zn and/or a history of manure or litter applications.

459

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Soybean Disease ControlL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology

Please refer to the current chemical label for all directions regarding safe use and the most up-to-date recommendations for application rates, timing, and harvest intervals.

Table 10-7A. Soybean Nematode Control Nematodes Nematicide and Formulation Amount of Formulation 1 Precautions and Remarks

Root-Knot, Columbia Lance 1,3-dichloropropene (Telone II) 3 to 6 gal/acre Apply 10 to 14 days prior to planting. Inject at least 12 inches deep. Do not use in dry, wet, or cold soils.

Soybean Cyst Nematode Pasteuria nishizawae (Clariva) 1 to 3 oz/100 lbs of seed Seed treatment1

Root-Knot, Columbia Lance, Lesion, Soybean Cyst, Sting

abamectin (Avicta) 0.15 mg per seed Seed treatment.

Bacillus fermis (Poncho/Votivo) 0.13 mg a.i. per seed Seed treatment.

fluopyram (Ilevo) 0.075 to 0.25 mg a.i. per seed

Seed treatment

1 Seed treatments may not be effective in high pressure environments. Soil samples should be taken in the fall when nematode populations are highest to determine if seed treatments may be effective in managing nematode populations.

Table 10-7B. Soybean Foliar Disease Control Fungicide Type and FRAC Code Fungicide

Rate Per Acre Formulated Remarks

Frogeye Leaf Spot and Target Spot

Strobilurins (11)1 azoxystrobin (Quadris) 6.0 to 15.5 fl oz Apply fungicide at R1 to R3 and make a second application 14 to 21 days later with a different mode of action if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 (small bean) or within 14 days of harvest. Higher rates provide longer residual activity and may reduce the need for a second application.

.

picoxystrobin (Aproach) 6.0 to 12.0 fl oz

pyraclostrobin (Headline) 6.0 to 12.0 fl oz

Nitriles (M5) chlorothalonil (various brands) 1.5 to 2.25 pints Apply fungicide at R1 to R3 and make a second application 14 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply within 48 days of harvest.

Thiophanates (1) thiophanate-methyl (Topsin M 70WP)(Cercobin)

0.5 to 1 lb10.9 to 21.8 fl oz

Apply fungicide at R1 to R3 and make a second application 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 (small bean). Higher rates provide longer residual activity and may reduce the need for a second application. Thiophanate-methyl is not labeled for Asiatic soybean rust.


prothioconazole (10.8 %) + trifloxystrobin (32.3 %)(Stratego YLD)

4 to 4.65 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

fluoxastrobin (14.84 %) + flutriafol (19.3 %)(Fortix)

4 to 6 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

azoxystrobin (18.2 %) + difenconazole (11.4%)(Quadris Top)1

8 to 14 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 and 14 to 21 days later if rust is expected. Do not apply after R6 or within 14 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications of materials containing azoxystrobin or difenconazole per year soybean per season. Corn or wheat may be planted within 180 days of last application; do not plant other crops with 360 days of last application.

tetraconazole (7.48) + azoxystrobin (9.35 %) (Affiance)

10.0 to 14.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 or when conditions are favorable for disease development and make a second application 15 to 21 days after application if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 14 days of harvest.

cyproconazoe (7.17 %) +picoxystrobin (17.94 %)(Aproach Prima)

5.0 to 6.8 fl oz Apply fungicide at R1 to R3 and a second application 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 30 days of harvest.

Combinations of dicarboximides and Strobilurins and (7, 11)

fluxapyroxad (14.33 %) +pyraclostrobin (28.58 %)(Priaxor)

4.0 to 8.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 prior to infection and a second application 7 to 14 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

Asiatic Soybean Rust2

Strobilurins (11) azoxystrobin (Quadris) 6.2 to 15.5 oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if rust is expected. Do not apply after R5 or within 14 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications to soybean per season.

picoxystrobin (Aproach) 6.0 to 12.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure remains high. Do not apply after R5 or within 14 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications to soybean per season

pyraclostrobin (Headline) 6.0 to 12.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if rust is expected. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications to soybean per season.

Triazoles (3) cyproconazole (Alto) 2.75 to 5.5 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 and a second application 14 to 28 days later if rust is expected. Use higher rates if rust is present in field. Do not apply after R6 or within 21 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications of cyproconazole to soybean per season. Corn or wheat may be planted within 180 days of last application; do not plant other crops within 360 days of last application.

flutriafol (Topguard)1 7 to 14 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 21 to 35 days (7 fl oz) later if rust is expected. Do not apply within 21 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications of flutriafol to soybean per season. Plant-back restrictions for all crops except soybean is 120 days after last application.

460

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-7B. Soybean Foliar Disease Control Fungicide Type and FRAC Code Fungicide

Rate Per Acre Formulated Remarks

Asiatic Soybean Rust2 (continued)

Triazoles (3)(continued)

propiconazole (Tilt, Propimax, Bumper)

4.0 to 6.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if rust is expected. Use higher rates if rust is present in field. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications of propiconazole-containing materials to soybean per season.

tetraconazole (Domark) 4.0 to 5.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R5 as a preventative spray if rust is expected. A second application of another fungicide may be required if disease pressure is high. Use higher rates if rust is present in field. Do not apply after R5 or within 22 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications of tetraconazole per season. Peanut, soybean and sugar beets may be planted immediately after the last application; small grains (barley, buckwheat, millet, oats, rice, rye, triticale, and wheat) and sugarcane can be planted 45 days after the last application; all other crops can be planted 120 days after the last application.

prothioconazole (Proline) 2.5 to 3 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if rust is expected. Do not apply after R6 or within 30 days of harvest. Make no more than three applications of materials containing triazoles per year. Any crop not listed on the label may be planted within 30 days of last application.


azoxystrobin (18.2 %) + difenconazole (11.4%) (Quadris Top)

8.0 to 14.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if rust is expected. Do not apply after R6 or within 30 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications of materials containing azoxystrobin or cyproconazole per year. Make no more than two applications of cyproconazole to soybean per season. Corn or wheat may be planted within 180 days of last application; do not plant other crops with 360 days of last application.

azoxystrobin (7.0 %) + propiconazole (11.7 %)(Quilt)

14.0 to 20.5 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative application and 14 to 21 days later if rust is expected. Do not apply after R6. Make no more than 2 applications containing propiconazole per year.

fluoxastrobin (14.84 %) + flutriafol (19.3 %)(Fortix)

4.5 to 6 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 21 to 35 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 30 days of harvest.

prothioconazole (10.8 %)+ trifloxystrobin (32.3 %)(Stratego YLD)

4.0 to 4.65 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest. Make no more than three applications.

trifloxystrobin (11.4 %)+ propiconazole (11.4 %)(Stratego)

10.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 10 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest. Make no more than two applications of materials containing propiconazole per year.

cyproconazole (7.2 %) +picoxystrobin (32.3 %)(Approach Prima)

5.0 to 6.8 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

tetraconazole (7.48) + azoxystrobin (9.35 %) (Affiance)

10.0 to 14.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 as a preventative spray and 14 to 21 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

Combinations of Dicarboximides and Strobilurins (7, 11)

fluxapyroxad (14.3 %) +pyraclostrobin (28.6 %)(Priaxor)

4.0 -8.0 fl oz Apply at R1 to R3 prior to infection and a second application 7 to 14 days later if disease pressure is high. Do not apply after R5 or within 21 days of harvest.

Nitriles (M5) chlorothalonil (various brands) 1.5 to 2.25 pints Apply fungicide at R1 to R3 and make a second application 14 days later. Do not apply within 48 days of harvest.

1 QOI group fungicides. Avoid using group 11 fungicides (Strobilurins) more than one time in sequence to reduce fungicide resistance development. If fungicide-resistant frogeye leaf spot is identified in your region, avoid using group 11 fungicides.

2 Fungicides are not recommended for Asiatic Soybean Rust unless it has been confirmed within 100 miles of a field.

461

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Relative Fungicide Efficacy for Control of Soybean Seedling DiseasesL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology

The members of the Identification and Biology of Seedling Pathogens of Soybean project funded by the North Central Soybean Research Program and plant pathologists across the United States have developed the following ratings for how well fungicide seed treatments control seedling diseases of soybeans in the United States. Efficacy ratings for each fungicide active ingredient listed in the table were determined by field-testing the materials over multiple years and locations by the members of this group, and include ratings summarized from national fungicide trials published in Plant Disease Management Reports (and formerly Fungicide and Nematicide Tests) by the American Phytopathological Society at http://www.apsnet.org. Each rating is based on the fungicide’s level of disease control, and does not necessarily reflect efficacy of fungicide active ingredient combinations and/or yield increases obtained from applying the active ingredient.

The list includes the most widely marketed products available. It is not intended to be a list of all labeled active ingredients and products. Additional active ingredients may be available, but have not been evaluated in a manner allowing a rating. Products listed are the most common products available as of the release date of the table; all available products may not be listed. Additional active ingredients may be included in some products for insect and nematode control, however; only active ingredients for pathogen control are listed and rated.

Many active ingredients and their products have specific use restrictions. Read and follow all use restrictions before applying any fungicide to seed, or before handling any fungicide-treated seed. This information is provided only as a guide. It is the applicator’s and user’s legal responsibility to read and follow all current label directions. Reference in this publication to any specific commercial product, process, or service, or the use of any trade, firm, or corporation name is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement, recommendation, or certification of any kind by members of the group, or by the North Central Soybean Research Program. Individuals using such products assume responsibility for their use in accordance with current directions of the manufacturer. Efficacy categories: E = Excellent; VG = Very Good; G = Good; F = Fair; P = Poor; NR = Not Recommended; NS = Not Specified on product label; U = Unknown efficacy or insufficient data to rank product. Please note: Efficacy ratings may be dependent on the rate of the fungicide product on seed. Contact your local Extension plant pathologist for recommended fungicide product rate information for your area.

Table 10-7C. Relative Fungicide Efficacy for Control of Soybean Seedling Diseases

Fungicide active ingredient

Pyt

hium

sp.

1

Phy

toph

thor

a ro

ot ro

t

Rhi

zoct

onia

sp.

Fusa

rium

sp.

1,3

Sud

den

Dea

th

Syn

drom

e (S

DS

) (F

usar

ium

virg

ulifo

rme)

Pho

mop

sis

sp.

Azoxystrobin P-G NS VG F-G NR PCarboxin U U G U NR U

Chloroneb U P E P NR PEthaboxam E E U U U UFludioxonil NR NR G F-VG NR GFluopyram NR NR NR NR VG NR

Fluxapyroxad U U E G NR GIpconazole P NR F-G F-E NR GMefenoxam E2 E NR NR NR NRMetalaxyl E2 E NR NR NR NR

PCNB NR NR G U NR GPenflufen NR NR G G NR G

Prothioconazole NR NR G G NR GPyraclostrobin P-G NR F F NR G

Sedaxane NR NR E NS NR GThiabendazole NR NR NS NS P UTrifloxystrobin P P F-E F-G NR P-F

1 Products may vary in efficacy against different Fusarium and Pythium species. 2 Areas with mefenoxam or metalaxyl insensitive populations may see less efficacy with these products.3 Listed seed treatments do not have efficacy against Fusarium virguliforme, causal agent of sudden death syndrome.

http://www.apsnet.org

462

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Relative Fungicide Efficacy for Soybean Foliar DiseasesL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology

The North Central Regional Committee on Soybean Diseases (NCERA-137) has developed the following information on foliar fungicide efficacy for control of major foliar soybean diseases in the United States. Efficacy ratings for each fungicide listed in the table were determined by field-testing the materials over multiple years and locations by the members of the committee. Efficacy ratings are based upon level of disease control achieved by product, and are not necessarily reflective of yield increases obtained from product application. Efficacy depends upon proper application timing, rate, and application method to achieve optimum effectiveness of the fungicide as determined by labeled instructions and overall level of disease in the field at the time of application. Differences in efficacy among fungicide products were determined by direct comparisons among products in field tests and are based on a single application of the labeled rate as listed in the table, unless otherwise noted. Table includes systemic fungicides available that have been tested over multiple years and locations. The table is not intended to be a list of all labeled products1. Efficacy categories: NR=Not Recommended; P=Poor; F=Fair; G=Good; VG=Very Good; E=Excellent; NL = Not Labeled for use against this disease; U = Unknown efficacy or insufficient data to rank product efficacy.

Table 10-7D. Relative Fungicide Efficacy for Soybean Foliar DiseasesFungicide(s)1 Disease

Cla

ss



Aer

ial w

eb b

light

Ant

hrac

nose

Bro

wn

spot

Cer

cosp

ora

leaf

blig

ht2

Frog

eye

leaf

spo

t3

Phom

opsi

s/D

iapo

rthe

(P

od a

nd s

tem

blig

ht)

Soyb

ean

rust

Whi

te m

old4

Harvest restriction5

QoI

Str

obilu

rins

Gro

up 1

1

Azoxystrobin 22.9% Quadris 2.08 SCMultiple Generics 6.0 to 15.5 VG VG G P P U G-VG P 14 days

Fluoxastrobin 40.3% Aftershock 480 SCEvito 480 SC 2.0 to 5.7 VG G G P P U U NL

R5 (beginning

seed)30 days

Picoxystrobin Aproach 2.08 SC 6.0 to 12.0 VG G G P P U G G-VG9 14 daysPyraclostrobin 23.6% Headline 2.09 EC/SC 6.0 to 12.0 VG VG G P P U VG NL 21 days

DM

I Tria

zole

sG

roup

3

Cyproconazole 8.9% Alto 100SL 2.75 to 5.5 U U VG F F U VG NL 30 daysFlutriafol 11.8% Topguard 1.04 SC 7.0 to 14.0 U VG VG P-G VG U VG-E F 21 days

Propiconazole 41.8% Tilt 3.6 EC Multiple Generics7 4.0 to 6.0 P VG G NL F NL VG NL

R5(beginning

seed)Prothioconazole 41.0% Proline 480 SC8 2.5 to 5.0 NL NL NL NL G-VG NL VG F 21 days

Tetraconazole 20.5% Domark 230 ME 4.0 to 5.0 NL VG VG P-G G-VG U VG-E FR5

(beginning seed)

MB

C

Thio

phan

ates

G

roup

1

Thiophanate-methyl Topsin-MMultiple Generics 10.0 to 20.0 U U U F VG U G F 21 days

2,6-

dini

tro-

anili

nes

Gro

up 2

9

Fluazinam 40% Omega 500 DF 0.75 to 1.0 pints NL NL NL NL NL NL NL G

R3 (beginning

pod)

SDH

I C

arbo

xim

ides

G

roup

7

Boscalid 70% Endura 0.7 DF 3.5 to 11.0 U NL VG U P NL NL VG 21 days

463

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-7D. Relative Fungicide Efficacy for Soybean Foliar DiseasesFungicide(s)1 Disease

Cla

ss



Aer

ial w

eb b

light

Ant

hrac

nose

Bro

wn

spot

Cer

cosp

ora

leaf

blig

ht2

Frog

eye

leaf

spo

t3

Phom

opsi

s/D

iapo

rthe

(P

od a

nd s

tem

blig

ht)

Soyb

ean

rust

Whi

te m

old4

Harvest restriction5

Mix

ed m

ode

of a

ctio

n

Azoxystrobin 18.2%Difenconazole 11.4%

Quadris Top 2.72 SC 8.0 to 14.0 U U G-VG P-G VG U VG NL 14 days

Azoxystrobin 19.8%Difenconazole 19.8%

Quadris Top SBX 3.76 SC 7.0 to 7.5 U U U U G-VG U U U 14 days


Quilt 1.66 SC

Multiple Generics14.0 to 20.5 U U G F F U VG NL 21 days


Quilt Xcel 2.2 SE 10.5 to 21.0 E VG G F F U VG NL R6

Bensovindiflupyr 10.27% Azoxystrobin 13.5%Propiconazole 11.7%

Trivapro A 0.83 + Trivapro B 2.2 SE

A = 4.0 B = 10.5 E U VG U VG U U NL 14 days

R6

Cyproconazole 7.17%Picoxystrobin 17.94%

Aproach Prima 2.34 SC 5.0 to 6.8 U U VG P-G G U U NL 14 days

Flutriafol 19.3%Fluoxastrobin 14.84%

Fortix SCPreemptor SC 4.0 to 6.0 U U G U G U U U R5

Pyraclostrobin 28.58%Fluxapyroxad 14.33%

Priaxor 4.17 SC 4.0 to 8.0 E VG E P-G P-F U VG P 21 days

Pyraclostrobin 28.58%Fluxapyroxad 14.33%Tetraconazole 20.50%

Priaxor D 4.17 SC 1.9 SC

4.0 (each component) U U VG U G-VG U U P 21 days

Trifloxystrobin 32.3%Prothioconazole 10.8% Stratego YLD 4.18 SC9 4.0 to 4.65 VG VG VG F F U VG NL 21 days

Tetraconazole 7.48%Azoxystrobin 9.35% Affiance 1.5 SC 10.0-14.0 U VG VG F G U U U R5

14 days

1 Multiple fungicides are labeled for soybean rust only, powdery mildew, and Alternaria leaf spot, including tebuconazole (multiple products) and Laredo (myclobutanil). Contact fungicides such as chlorothalonil may also be labeled for use.

2 Cercospora leaf blight efficacy relies on accurate application timing, and standard R3 application timings may not provide adequate disease control. Fungicide efficacy may improve with earlier or later applications; however, efficacy has been inconsistent with some products. Fungicides with a solo or mixed QoI or MBC mode of action may not be effective in areas where QoI or MBC resistance has been detected in the fungal population that causes Cercospora leaf blight.

3 In areas where QoI-fungicide resistant isolates of the frogeye leaf spot pathogen are not present, QoI fungicides may be more effective than indicated in this table.

4 White mold efficacy is based on R1-R2 application timing, and lower efficacy is obtained at R3 or later application timings, or if disease symptoms are already present at the time of application.

5 Harvest restrictions are listed for soybean harvested for grain. Restrictions may vary for other types of soybean (edamame, etc.) and soybean for other uses such as forage or fodder.

6 Multiple generic products containing this mode of action may also be labeled in some states. 7 Proline has a supplemental label (2ee) for soybean, only for use on white mold in IL, IN, IA, MI, MN, NE, ND, OH, SD, WI. A separate 2ee for NY exists for

white mold.8 Stratego YLD has a supplemental label (2ee) for white mold on soybean only in IL, IN, IA, MI, MN, NE, ND, OH, SD, WI.9 Rating is based on two applications of a 9 fl oz/A rate of Aproach at R1 and R3.

Many products have specific use restrictions about the amount of active ingredient that can be applied within a period of time or the amount of sequential applications that can occur. Please read and follow all specific use restrictions prior to fungicide use. This information is provided only as a guide. It is the responsibility of the pesticide applicator by law to read and follow all current label directions. Reference to products in this publication is not intended to be an endorsement to the exclusion of others that may be similar. Persons using such products assume responsibility for their use in accordance with current directions of the manufacturer. Members or participants in the NCERA-137 group assume no liability resulting from the use of these products.

464

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Tobacco Disease ControlL. D. Thiessen, Entomology and Plant Pathology

Table 10-8A. Tobacco Disease Control — Nematode Control

NematicideAmount of

Formulation Per AcreWaiting Period Before

Planting1 (Days) Precautions and RemarksFumigantsdichloropropene (Telone II) 6.0 gal 21

Rates are for in-row injection. Where labeled, broadcast rates are usually 50% to 100% more than in-row rates. Apply fumigants and multi-purpose fumigants at a final depth of 12 to 14 inches. Apply only when the soil temperature is between 55 degrees F and 80 degrees F and soil is moist but not wet. Should soil become wet for an extended time following applications, a longer waiting period before transplanting may be necessary to avoid fumigant injury.

dichloropropene + chloropicrin(Telone C-35) 12.0 gal

21

Contact Nematicides2

fluensulfone (Nimitz)3.5 to 7 pints 7

1 Read and follow product label directions concerning worker reentry periods.2 Contact nematicides may not be effective in high pressure environments. Assess nematode populations in the fall prior to use of nematicides for effective

selection of chemistries to control populations.

Table 10-8B. Tobacco Disease Control — Field Blue Mold, Target Spot, and Frog-eye Leafspot Control

Material (FRAC Code)1Rate Per Acre(Formulated) Method of Application

azoxystrobin (Quadris) (11) 6.0 to 12.0 fl oz Apply on a 7- to 14-day interval with sufficient water volume for adequate coverage and canopy penetration. May be applied up to day of harvest. Do not tank mix with thiodan.Application directions for blue mold: Applications should begin prior to disease development or at first indication of blue mold in the area. If blue mold is present in the field, apply dimethomorph prior to Quadris applications.

Blue Mold Only (FRAC Code)1

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) (21) 0.5 oz Begin preventative applications after plants reach a height of 12 inches (Flue-Cured)/18 inches (Burley). Make up to three applications on a 10-day schedule. Apply in a minimum of 20 gallons of water per acre.

aluminum tris (O-ethyl phosphate) (Aliette WDG) (33)

2.5 to 4.0 lb Apply immediately after transplanting and continue on a 7- to 10-day schedule. Begin with a minimum spray volume of 20 gallons per acre, and increase by 20 gallons per acre weekly to a maximum of 100 gallons per acre. The pH of spray solution should not be less than 6.0. No more than 20 pounds per season.

mandipropamid (Revus) (40) 8.0 fl oz Apply prior to disease development and continue on a 7- to 10- day schedule. Revus can be tank mixed with another fungicide of different FRAC Code. No more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to another mode of action fungicide. No more than 32 fluid ounces per season. Do not apply within 7 days of harvest.

dimethomorph (Forum) (15) 2.0 to 8.0 oz

Increase rate and spray volume as crop size increases. MUST be used in a tank mix with another fungicide (non-Group 40) active against blue mold. Refer to the partner labeling for rates, application method, and restrictions.

mancozeb (Dithane Rainshield) (M) 2 lb Use only if there is a threat of metalaxyl-insensitive blue mold. Mix 1.5 to 2 pounds per 100 gallons per acre. Spray weekly for complete coverage. Discontinue when threat of blue mold no longer exists. In flue-cured tobacco, do not spray after first button or within 21 days of harvest. In burley, do not spray within 30 days of harvest.

Mefenoxam2

(Ridomil Gold) EC, SL(Ultra Flourish) 2 E (4)

0.5 to 1 pt1 to 2 pt

For mefenoxam-sensitive strains of the blue mold fungus, apply preplant in a minimum of 15 gallons of water per acre. Incorporate in the top 2 to 4 inches of soil and form beds. Use highest rate for burley tobacco. For prolonged control, especially in burley, apply a supplemental soil application of either 0.5 pints per acre Ridomil Gold EC or 1 pint Ultra Flourish 2 E at layby or the last cultivation. Do not make the supplemental application if more than the highest rate was applied preplant.

Presidio (43) 4.0 fl oz MUST be used in a tank mix with another fungicide with different mode of action active against blue mold. No more than 2 foliar applications per season.

1 To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides from a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally considered “low risk” with no signs of resistance developing to the majority of fungicides.

2 Mefenoxam resistant blue mold has been reported in tobacco producing regions; use multiple modes of action in a growing season or avoid mefenoxam.

Table 10-8C. Tobacco Disease Control — Black Shank, Granville Wilt, and Black Root Rot Control

MaterialAmount of

Formulation Per AcreWaiting Period Before

Planting (Days) Precautions and Remarkschloropicrin 98%(Chlor-O-Pic 100, Chloropicrin 100)chloropicrin 85% (Pic Plus Fumigant)

3.0 gal4.0 gal

21Rates are for in-row injection. Where labeled, broadcast rates are usually 25% to 100% more than in-row rates. Apply multipurpose fumigants to a depth of 6 to 8 inches and form a high, wide bed immediately. Apply only when the soil temperature is above 55 degrees F and soil is moist but not wet. Should soil become wet for extended time following applications, a longer waiting period before transplanting may be necessary to avoid fumigant injury. Use with Ridomil for black shank control.

dichloropropene + chloropicrin(Telone C-17)(Telone C-35)

10.5 gal12.0 gal

21

Black Shank Only (FRAC Code)1

Mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) EC, SL(Ultra Flourish) 2 E (4)

1 to 3 pt2 to 6 pt

000

Use in combination with crop rotation and resistant varieties where applicable. For prolonged control apply either 1 pint Ridomil Gold EC or SL or 2 pints Ultra Flourish 2 E just before transplanting followed by either 0.5 to 1 pint Gold EC or 1 to 2 pints Ultra Flourish 2 E at first cultivation and at lay-by. Also, control nematodes for best results.

Presidio (43) 4 fl oz - No more than 2 soil applications per season. Applications cannot be consecutive. Alternate with another fungicide of different mode of action. Apply at first cultivation or layby.

1 To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally considered “low risk” with no signs of resistance developing to the majority of fungicides.

465

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-8D. Tobacco Disease Control — Tobacco Seedling Disease ControlDISEASEMaterial (FRAC Code)1 Rate Precautions and Remarks

Blue Mold

aluminum tris (O-ethyl phosphonate) (Aliette WDG) (33)

0.5 lb/50 gal water Apply 3 gallons of spray solution per 1,000 square feet for small plants. Increase the volume as the plants grow to a maximum of 12 gallons per 1,000 square feet. Apply preventatively or at the first sign of blue mold. Apply every 5 to 7 days, and do not exceed two applications. After application, wait 24 hours before applying any material over top. Apply insecticides that require a wash down to the soil prior to Alliete.

Blue Mold; Anthracnose; Damping-Off (Rhizoctonia); Stem Rot (Rhizoctonia); Target Spot

mancozeb (Dithane Rainshield) (M) 1 lb/100 gal water (outdoor plant bed)

0.5 lb/100 gal water(greenhouse and float-bed systems)

Begin sprays when seedlings are quarter size: For outdoor beds, mix 1 tablespoon per gallon water, apply 3 to 5 gallons per 900 square feet every 5 to 7 days.

For greenhouse and float systems, mix 1 teaspoon per gal water, apply 3 to 12 gallons per 1,000 square feet every 5 to 7 days. Use low gallonage on small plants and higher gallonage on larger plants. Do not contaminate float water with mancozeb.

Stem Rot (Rhizoctonia); Target Spot

azoxystrobin (Quadris) (11) 0.14 oz (4ml)/1000 ft2 (equal to 6 fl oz/acre)

Use enough water for thorough coverage (recommend 5 gallons per 1,000 square feet or more). Make ONLY ONE application prior to transplanting.

Mosaic

milk (whole or skim) OR dry skim milk

5 gal/100 sq yd of bed

5 lb in 5 gal water/100 sq yd

Spray plants within 24 hours of pulling.

soap OR milk (skim or whole) Wash hands with soap or dip hands every 20 minutes while pulling and transplanting to field.

dry skim milk 1 lb in 1 gal water

Pythium Root Rot

etridiazole (Terramaster) 4 EC (14) 1.4 oz/100 gal float water Apply at least 2 to 3 weeks after seeding. Mix thoroughly in the float water. May be used preventively or curatively. A second application may be made, but no later than 8 weeks after seeding.

Wildfire; Angular Leafspot (Burley Tobacco); Blue Mold

streptomycin sulfate (Agri-Mycin 17) (25)

Spray 200 ppm using 5 gal/100 sq yd, Drench 100 ppm using 10 gal/100

sq yd

Spray or drench when plants are in two-leaf stage and repeat once a week for five sprays. Prepare the solution by mixing 2 (200 ppm) or 1 (100 ppm) teaspoon of streptomycin (17% to 21%) per gallon of water.


Table 10-8E. Tobacco Disease Control of Tomato Spotted Wilt (TSWV) — Virus suppression Material (FRAC Code)1 Rate Precautions and Remarks

acibenzolar (Actigard 50W) (21)

0.5 oz/25,000 to 50,000 plants (sprayed over the top)

OR10 to 25 ppm (added to the float

water)

Waiver of liability must be signed to obtain label. Apply to trays or flats 5 to 7 days before transplanting. If sprayed over the top, rinse it off into potting soil. Apply only with calibrated boom sprayer to ensure no overlap.If applied to float water, ensure water is circulated uniformly to all tobacco plants. For better results, dilute Actigard in a small volume of water first, and then add this volume to the float water.

Use lower rate in areas with moderate TSWV risk and highest in areas with severe TSWV risk.

0.5 oz/acre Up to 3 field applications in 10-day increments may be made starting 10 days after the greenhouse application. Begin applications after plants reach a height of 18 inches.

imidacloprid (Admire Pro) (4A)

1.8 oz/1,000 plants Apply to trays IN THE GREENHOUSE 3 to 5 days prior to transplanting. Mix with water prior to application; do not add wetting agents or defoamers, and do not use in combination with other pesticides. Immediately after application, wash the material off the plants to transfer it to the potting soil. Observe worker protection standards for greenhouse application.

acibenzolar (Actigard 50W)+

imidacloprid (21 + 4A )

see above See comments above for both products. Apply Actigard first, then imidacloprid. Tank mixing has not been determined to be safe.


466

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Turfgrass Disease ControlJ. P. Kerns and E. L. Butler, Entomology and Plant Pathology Extension

When more than one brand name exists for an agricultural chemical, the brand name that first came onto the market is listed first. Otherwise, brand names are listed in alphabetical order. The order in which brand names are given is not an indication of a recommendation or criticism. Products marked with an asterisk are not labeled for home lawn use.

Table 10-9. Turfgrass Disease Control

Disease Fungicide and Formulation1Amount of Formulation

(oz/1,000 sq ft)2Application

Interval (days)3

Algae (Cyanobacteria)

chlorothalonil*(Daconil) 82.5 WDG(Daconil Weather Stik, Legend) 6 F

(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F

1.8 to 3.252 to 3.64 to 5.53 to 56 to 8

7 to 147 to 14

147 to 14

14

chlorothalonil + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Daconil Action) 6.1 F* 2 to 3.64 to 5.4

7 to 1414

chlorothalonil + azoxystrobin (Renown) 5.16 SC* 2.5 to 4.5 10 to 14

chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC* 3 to 5.4 7 to 14

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90 WDG* 2 to 5.76 7 to 14

chlorothalonil + triticonazole (Reserve) 4.79 SC* 3.2 to 5.4 14 to 28

fluazinam (Secure) 4.17 SC* 0.5 14

fluxapyroxad (Xzemplar) 2.47 SC 0.21 to 0.26 14 to 28

mancozeb*(Fore) 80 WP(Dithane, Pentathlon) 75 DF (Pentathlon) 4 LF(Protect) 75 WP(Wingman) 75 WP

66

1066

7 to 14refer to labelrefer to label

7 to 14refer to label

mancozeb + copper hydroxide (Junction) 60 DF* 2 to 4 7 to 14

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum cereale)

azoxystrobin (Heritage, Strobe) 50 WG(Heritage) 0.8 TL(Heritage) 0.31 G(Strobe) 2 L

0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 2814 to 28

azoxystrobin + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Heritage Action) 51 WG* 0.2 to 0.4 14 to 28

azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil (Renown) 5.16 SC* 2.54.5

7 to 1014 to 21

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Briskway) 2.7 SC* 0.3 to 0.725 14

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Headway) 1.4 ME1.06 G

1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 0.75 to 1.5 14 to 21

chlorothalonil*(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG(Daconil Weather Stik, Legend) 6 F

(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F

(Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 4.17 F (Chlorothalonil 720SFT) 6 F

(Chlorothalonil, Chlorostar) 82.5 DF(Pegasus) 6 L(Pegasus) 82.5 DF(Pegasus HPX) 6 F

2.75 to 53 to 3.6

3.6 to 5.54.4 to 55.3 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.5

2.8 to 3.23.6 to 5.53.25 to 53.6 to 5.5

7 to 147 to 14

147 to 14

147 to 14

147 to 14

147 to 147 to 147 to 147 to 14

chlorothalonil + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Daconil Action) 6.1 F* 3 to 3.63.6 to 5.4

7 to 1414


chlorothalonil + iprodione + thiophanate-methyl + tebuconazole (Enclave) 5.3 F* 3 to 47 to 8

14 to 2128

chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert) 4.3 SC* 4.5 to 8.5 7 to 28

chlorothalonil + propiconazole + fludioxonil (Instrata) 3.59 SC* 2.75 to 6 14 to 28

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl*(Consyst) 67 WDG(Peregrine) 67 WDG(Spectro) 90 WDG(TM/C) 67 WDG

2 to 82 to 8

3.72 to 5.762 to 8

7 to 1414

7 to 1414 to 21

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 1.75 to 3.5 30


fludioxonil (Medallion) 50 WP 0.25 to 0.5 14

fluopyram + trifloxystrobin (Exteris Stressgard) 0.27 SC 2.135 to 6 14 to 28

467

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum cereale) (continued)

fluoxastrobin (Fame) 4 SC0.25 G

0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

fluoxastrobin + myclobutanil (Fame M) 3.9 SC 0.25 to 1 14 to 28

fluoxastrobin + tebuconazole (Fame T) 4 SC* 0.45 to 0.9 21 to 28

flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 2 to 3 14 to 30

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl* (26/36) 3.8 F(Dovetail) 3.8 F

2 to 41 to 4

14 to 2114 to 21

iprodione + trifloxystrobin (Interface) 2.27 SC* 4 to 7 refer to label

metconazole (Tourney) 50 WDG 0.28 to 0.37 14 to 21

mineral oil (Civitas) + proprietary pigment (Civitas Harmonizer)* (8 to 32) + (1 to 4) 7 to 21

myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 1.2 14 to 21

penthiopyrad (Velista) 50 WG 0.3 to 0.5 14

phosphorous acid (Jetphiter) 5.41 F 5 7

polyoxin D (Affirm) 11.3 WDG(Endorse) 2.5 WP

0.884

7 to 147 to 14

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 1 to 2 14 to 28

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 20 WG2 SC

0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28 WG* 0.55 to 1.1 14 to 28

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Lexicon Intrinsic) 4.17 SC 0.34 to 0.47 14 to 28

pyraclostrobin + triticonazole (Pillar) 0.81 G 3 lbs 14 to 28

tebuconazole* (Torque) 3.6 F(Mirage, Stressgard) 2 SC(Skylark, Tebuconazole) 3.6 F

0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

2114 to 28

28

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50 WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 85 WDG(3336) 2 G(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 4.5 L

2 to 62 to 8

0.67 to 1.33 to 9 lbs

1 to 2

1414 to 28

141414

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP 1 30 to 45

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 50 WDG 0.15 to 0.25 14 to 21

trifloxystrobin + triadimefon(Armada) 50 WP(Tartan) 2 SC*

0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28

triticonazole (Trinity) 1.7 SC(Triton) 70 WDG(Triton Flo) 3 F

0.5 to 10.15 to 0.225

0.41 to 1.1

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28

triticonazole + chlorothalonil (Reserve) 4.79 SC* 3.2 to 5.4 14 to 28

Brown Ring Patch(Rhizoctonia circinata var. circinata)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 WG0.8 TL0.31 G

0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28


azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Briskway) 2.7 SC* 0.5 to 0.725 14 to 28

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Headway) 1.4 ME 1.5 to 3 14 to 28



penthiopyrad (Velista) 50 WG 0.5 14


0.884

7 to 147 to 14

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 2 SC 0.7 14 to 28




0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

2114 to 28

28

468

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Brown Ring Patch (continued) triticonazole (Trinity) 1.7 SC(Triton FLO) 3 F

1 to 20.5 to 1.1

14 to 2814 to 28


Brown Patch (Rhizoctonia solani)


0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 2814 to 28



1414 to 21



0.75 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28


chloroneb (Teremec)* 65 SP2.9 F

3 to 45 to 7

7 to 107 to 10

chlorothalonil*(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG

(Daconil Weather Stik, Legend) 6 F

(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F

(Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 4.17 F (Chlorothalonil 720SFT) 6 F (Chlorothalonil, Chlorostar) 82.5 DF(Pegasus) 6 L(Pegasus) 82.5 DF(Pegasus HPX) 6 F

1.8 to 3.233.7 to 52 to 3.64 to 5.53 to 56 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.5

1.8 to 3.22 to 3.6

1.82 to 3.252 to 3.6

7 to 1414

7 to 1414

7 to 1414

7 to 1414

7 to 1414

7 to 147 to 147 to 147 to 14


7 to 1414

chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC* 1.5 to 5.9 14 to 28


14 to 2128

chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert) 4.3 SC* 3 to 5.55.5 to 8.5

7 to 1414 to 28


chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl*(Spectro) 90 WDG(TM/C) 67 WDG

3 to 5.762 to 8

14 to 2114 to 21

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 1.5 7 to 14


fludioxonil (Medallion) 50 WP 0.2 to 0.250.5

714



0.09 to 0.361.2 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28




flutolanil (Prostar) 70 WP, 70 DG 1.5 to 3 14 to 21


iprodione 26GT, Iprodione Pro, IPro, Raven* 2 F, 2 SC, 2 SE 3 to 4 14 to 28


2 to 41 to 4

14 to 2114 to 21


mancozeb*(Fore) 80 WP (Dithane) 75 DF(Protect) 75 WP

444

710

7 to 14

mancozeb + copper hydroxide (Junction) 60 DF* 2 to 4 7

mandestrobin (Pinpoint) 4SC 0.31 14

469

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Brown Patch (continued) metconazole (Tourney) 50 WDG 0.28 to 0.37 14 to 21


myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 1.2 14

penthiopyrad (Velista) 50 WG 0.3 to 0.5 14 to 21

phosphorous acid (Jetphiter) 5.41 F 5 7


0.884

7 to 147 to 14



0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28





0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

2114 to 28

28

thiram (Spotrete) 4 F* 3.75 to 7.5 3 to 10

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP, 4.15 F 0.5 to 1 15 to 30

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 50 WDG 0.1 to 0.20.15 to 0.25

1421

trifloxystrobin + triadimefon(Armada) 50 WP(Tartan) 2 SC*

0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28

triticonazole (Trinity) 1.7 SC(Triton) 70 WDG(Triton Flo) 3 F

0.75 to 20.15 to 0.30.41 to 1.1

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28


vinclozolin (Curalan, Touche) 50 EG* 1 14 to 28

Copper Spot (Gloeocercospora sorghi)

chlorothalonil*(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG(Daconil Weather Stik, Legend) 6 F(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F(Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 6 F

(Chlorothalonil 720SFT) 6 F


3.7 to 54 to 5.56 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.53.2

3.6 to 5.53.25 to 53.6 to 5.5

141414

7 to 1014

7 to 1014

7 to 107 to 147 to 147 to 14

chlorothalonil + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Daconil Action) 6.1 F* 4 to 5.4 14

chlorothalonil + azoxystrobin (Renown) 5.16 SC* 2.5 14

chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC* 5.9 14


14 to 2128

chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert) 4.3 SC* 5.5 to 8.5 14


3 to 83 to 8

3 to 5.763 to 8

7 to 101414

14 to 21

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 0.75 to 1.5 10 to 28



iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (26/36) 3.8 F* 2 to 4 14 to 21

mancozeb* (Fore) 80 WP(Dithane) 75 DF(Pentathlon) 4 LF(Pentathlon) 75 DF(Protect, Wingman) 75 WP

4 to 84 to 8

7 to 144 to 84 to 8

7 to 1410

7 to 147

7 to 14



470

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Copper Spot (continued) tebuconazole* (Torque) 3.6 F(Skylark, Tebuconazole) 3.6 F

0.6 to 1.10.6

refer to label28

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50 WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 85 WDG(3336) 2 G(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 4.5 L

2 to 42 to 4

0.67 to 1.31.5 to 6 lbs

1 to 2

1414 to 28

141414

thiram (Spotrete) 4F* 3.75 to 7.5 3 to 10


Dead Spot(Ophiosphaerella agrostis)


1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

1414 to 28

azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 0.75 to 1.5 14

boscalid* (Emerald) 70 WG 0.18 14

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90 WDG* 3.72 to 5.76 14



0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28




thiophanate-methyl(3336) 50WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(3336) 2 G

4 to 64 to 6

6 to 9 lbs

141414

Dollar Spot(Sclerotinia homoeocarpa)



0.75 to 32 to 4 lbs

7 to 2814 to 28


boscalid* (Emerald) 70 WG 0.13 to 0.18 14 to 28

chlorothalonil*(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5W DG


(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F


1 to 3.253.7 to 51 to 3.64 to 5.51.5 to 56 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.5

1.8 to 3.22 to 3.6

1.82 to 3.252 to 3.6

7 to 2114 to 217 to 21

14 to 217 to 21

147 to 14

147 to 14

147 to 107 to 147 to 147 to 14


7 to 2114

chlorothalonil + azoxystrobin (Renown) 5.16 SC* 2.5 to 4.5 7 to 14



14 to 2128

chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert) 4.3 SC* 1.5 to 33 to 5.5

5.5 to 8.5

7 to 1014 to 2114 to 28



2 to 82 to 8

3.72 to 5.762 to 8

7 to 2114

14 to 217 to 14

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 0.75 to 1.5 10 to 28


fluopyram + trifloxystrobin (Exteris Stressgard) 0.27 SC 1.5 to 4.135 7 to 28


0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2114 to 21


471

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Dollar Spot (continued) fluoxastrobin + tebuconazole (Fame T) 4 SC* 0.45 to 0.9 21 to 28



iprodione (26GT, Iprodione Pro, IPro, Raven) 2 F, 2 SC, 2 SE* 2 to 4 14 to 28


2 to 41 to 4

14 to 2114 to 21


isofetamid (Kabuto 3.33 SC) 0.4 to 0.5 14


6 to 86 to 8

10 to 146 to 86 to 8

7 to 1410

7 to 147

7 to 14


mandestrobin (Pinpoint) 4SC 0.17 to 0.31 14 to 21

metconazole (Tourney) 50 WDG 0.18 to 0.37 14 to 21


myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 0.5 to 2.4 7 to 28


propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Propiconazole, Savvi, Spectator) 1 ME 0.5 to 2 7 to 28


0.90.7

1414




tebuconazole* (Torque) 3.6 F(Mirage Stressgard) 2 SC(Skylark, Tebuconazole) 3.6 F

0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

refer to label14 to 28

28

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 85 WDG(3336) 2 G(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 4.5 L

2 to 42 to 4

0.67 to 1.31.5 to 6 lbs

1 to 2

1414 to 28

141414



trifloxystrobin + triadimefon (Armada) 50 WP(Tartan) 2 SC*

0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28

triticonazole (Trinity) 1.7 SC(Triton) 70 WDG(Triton FLO) 3 F

1 to 20.15 to 0.30.28 to 1.1

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28



Fairy Ring (Basidiomycetes)

azoxystrobin (Heritage, Strobe) 50 WG(Heritage) 0.8 TL(Heritage) 0.31 G

0.42

2 to 4 lbs

2828

14 to 28



azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Headway) 1.4ME1.06 G

1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 0.75 to 1.5 28

chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC* 4.5 to 5.9 21 to 28


0.28 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

21 to 2828



flutolanil (Prostar) 70 WP, 70 WDG 2.2 to 4.5 21 to 30

472

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Fairy Ring (continued) flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 3 to 6.12 21 to 28


metconazole (Tourney) 50 WDG 0.37 21



14

77


0.90.7

2828

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28 WG* 1.1 28

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Lexicon Intrinsic) 4.17 SC 0.47 28


tebuconazole* (Torque) 3.6 F(Mirage Stressgard) 2 SC

0.6 to 1.11 to 2

2128

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50DF, 4.15 F 1 to 2 14 to 21

Gray Leaf Spot(Pyricularia grisea)


0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 2814 to 28


azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil (Renown) 5.16 SC* 2.5 to 4.5 10 to 14



1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 0.75 1.5



(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F



1.8 to 3.253.7 to 52 to 3.64 to 5.53 to 56 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.5

1.8 to 3.22 to 3.6

1.82 to 3.252 to 3.6

7 to 2114

7 to 1014

7 to 1414

7 to 1014

7 to 1414

7 to 107 to 147 to 147 to 14


7 to 1014



14 to 2128


7 to 1414 to 21



2 to 82 to 8

3.72 to 5.762 to 8

7 to 141414

14 to 21




0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28



flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 2 to 3 14

mancozeb*(Fore) 80 WP(Dithane) 75 DF(Pentathlon) 4 LF(Pentathlon) 75 DF(Wingman) 75 WP

86.4 to 12.8

9 to 1488

147 to 14

577

473

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Gray Leaf Spot (continued) metconazole (Tourney) 50 WDG 0.37 14


myclobutanil (Eagle, Siskin) 20 EW 1.2 to 2.4 14

polyoxin D (Affirm) 11.3 WDG 0.88 7 to 14

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 1 to 2 14


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28





0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

2114 to 28

28

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50 WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(3336) 2 G(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 85 WDG(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 4.5 L

4 to 64 to 8

6 to 9 lbs2.35 to 3.53

3.5 to 5

1414 to 28

141414

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP, 4.15 F 0.5 to 1 14

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 50 WDG 0.15 to 0.20.25

1421


0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28

Helminthosporium Leaf Spot/Melting Out (Bipolaris spp.; Drechslera spp.)


0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2114 to 2114 to 2114 to 21





1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2114 to 21




(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F


1.8 to 3.253.7 to 52 to 3.64 to 5.53 to 56 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.5

1.8 to 3.22 to 3.6

1.82 to 3.252 to 3.6

7 to 2114 to 217 to 21

147 to 21

147 to 10

147 to 10

147 to 107 to 147 to 147 to 14


7 to 2114



7 to 1414 to 21



2 to 82 to 8

3.72 to 5.762 to 8

7 to 211414

14 to 21


fludioxonil (Medallion) 50 WP 0.25 to 0.5 14 to 21


0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2114 to 21



474

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Helminthosporium Leaf Spot/Melting Out (continued)

flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 2 to 3 14

iprodione (26GT, Iprodione Pro, IPro, Raven) 2 F, 2 SC, 2 SE* 3 to 4 14 to 28

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl *(26/36) 3.8 F(Dovetail) 3.8 F

2 to 41 to 4

14 to 2114 to 21



44

5 to 1444

7 to 1410

3 to 57

7 to 14






0.884

7 to 147 to 14

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 1 to 2 14


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28WG* 0.55 to 1.1 14 to 28



thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50 WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(3336) 2 G

4 to 64 to 8

6 to 9 lbs

1414 to 28

14



1421 to 28


0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28

triticonazole (Trinity) 1.7 SC(Triton) 70 WDG

0.5 to 20.15 to 0.3

14 to 2814 to 28



Large Patch (Zoysia Patch)(Rhizoctonia solani)


0..2 to 0.42

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28

28



1414 to 21



1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28


chloroneb* (Teremec) 65 SP(Teremec) 2.9 F

59

21 to 2821 to 28



14 to 2128

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl* (Consyst) 67 WDG(Peregrine) 67 WDG

2 to 82 to 8

7 to 1414

fluoxastrobin (Fame) 4 SC0.25

0.28 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

475

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Large Patch (continued) fluoxastrobin + myclobutanil (Fame M) 3.9 SC 0.5 to 1 21 to 28


flutolanil (Prostar) 70 WP, 70 WDG 2.2 30

iprodione (26GT, Iprodione Pro, IPro, Raven) 2 F, 2 SC, 2 SE* 4 14 to 21


iprodione + trifloxystrobin (Interface) 2.27 SC* 4 14 to 21


myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 2.4 28 (fall)

penthiopyrad (Velista) 50 WG 0.7 14 to 28


0.884

7 to 147 to 14

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 3 to 4 early fall


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28 WG* 1.1 14 to 28




0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

212828


2 to 42 to 4

0.67 to 1.31.5 to 6 lbs

1 to 2

1414 to 28

141414

thiophanate-methyl + flutolanil (SysStar) 80 WDG 2 to 3 14 to 21

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP, 4.15 F 1 to 2 fall and spring


1 to 20.15 to 0.3

14 to 2814 to 28


Leaf and Sheath Spot(Rhizoctonia zeae, R. oryzae)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 0.8 TL0.31 G

22 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28



1414 to 21



1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28




flutolanil (Prostar) 70 WDG 2.2 to 4.5 14 to 21


polyoxin D (Affirm) 11.3 WDG 0.88 7 to 14


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28



pyraclostrobin + triticonazole (Pillar) 0.81 G 3 lbs 28

Pink Patch(Limonomyces roseipelis)


0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 2814 to 28



476

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Pink Patch (continued) azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Briskway) 2.7 SC* 0.5 to 0.725 14 to 28


1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28




7 to 1414 to 21




0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

flutolanil (Prostar) 70 WP, 70 DG 1.5 21 to 28

flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 2 21 to 28

iprodione + trifloxystrobin (Interface) 2.27 SC* 3 to 4 14

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 2 14 to 21


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28





0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6


28


1421


0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28

triticonazole (Trinity) 1.7 EC 1 to 2 14 to 28

triticonazole + chlorothalonil (Reserve) 4.79 SC* 3.2 to 4.5 refer to label


Pink Snow Mold/MicrodochiumPatch (Microdochium nivale)

azoxystrobin (Heritage, Strobe) 50 WG

(Heritage) 0.8 TL

(Heritage) 0.31 G

(Strobe) 2L

0.2 to 0.40.72

3.54 lbs7 lbs0.771.35

10 to 281 application

10-28 1 application


141 application

azoxystrobin + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Heritage Action) 51 WG* 0.4 refer to label



azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Headway) 1.4 ME

1.06 G

1.5 to 35.25

2 to 4 lbs5



azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 0.75 to 1.52.4


chlorothalonil + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Daconil Action) 6.1 F* 5.4 21 to 28

chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC* 3 to 5.9 28

chlorothalonil + iprodione + thiophanate-methyl + tebuconazole (Enclave) 5.3 F* 7 to 8 28

chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert) 4.3 SC* 8.5 14 to 28

chlorothalonil + propiconazole + fludioxonil (Instrata) 3.6 SC* 5 to 11 late fall

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl*(Consyst, Peregrine, TM/C) 67 WDG(Spectro) 90 WDG

6 to 83.72 to 5.76

1 application14

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 84

1 application30 (2 applications)

fluazinam (Secure) 4.17 SC* 0.5 late fall



477

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Pink Snow Mold/MicrodochiumPatch (continued)


0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28


fluoxastrobin + tebuconazole (Fame T) 4 SC* 0.45 to 0.9 30

fluxapyroxad (Xzemplar) 2.47 SC 0.26 14 to 28

flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 4 to 6.122 to 3

1 application14 to 21

iprodione (26GT, Iprodione Pro, IPro, Raven) 2 F, 2 SC, 2 SE* 4 to 8 1 to 2 applications


2 to 41 to 4

14 to 2114 to 21

iprodione + trifloxystrobin (Interface) 2.27 SC* 4 to 7 1 application

mancozeb*(Fore) 80 WP(Dithane, Pentathlon) 75 DF(Pentathlon) 4 LF(Protect) 75 WP

6 to 86 to 8

10 to 146 to 8

14 to 4214 to 4214 to 427 to 14


metconazole (Tourney) 50 WDG 0.37 to 0.44 late fall


myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 1.2 to 2.4 prior to snow cover

PCNB (various brands)75 WP10 G4 F

3 to 880 to 16012 to 16

28 to 42prior to snowfallprior to snowfall


0.884

7 to 147 to 14

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 2 to 4 fall to early spring


0.5 to 0.90.7

14 to 2814 to 28


pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Lexicon Intrinsic) 4.17 SC 0.47 14 to 28


tebuconazole*(Torque) 3.6 F(Mirage Stressgard) 2 SC(Skylark, Tebuconazole) 3.6 F

0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

prior to snowfall10 to 28

prior to snowfall

thiram (Spotrete)*4 F75 WDG

3 to 123 to 8

fall and springfall and spring


2 to 42 to 4

0.67 to 1.31.5 to 6 lbs

1 to 2

1414 to 28

141414

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP, 4.15 F 1 to 2 60 to 90

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 50 WDG 0.2 to 0.25 fall to early spring


1.22

fall to early springfall to early spring

triticonazole (Trinity) 1.7 SC(Triton) 70 WDG(Triton Flo) 3 G

0.5 to 20.15 to 0.30.28 to 1.1

14 to 28late fall 10 to 14



Powdery Mildew(Blumeria graminis)

azoxystrobin (Heritage, Strobe) 50 WG (Heritage) 0.8 TL(Heritage) 0.31 G

0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28





1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

478

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Powdery Mildew (continued) azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 0.75 to 1.5 14 to 21


chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert) 4.3 SC* 4.5 to 8.5 14 to 28


2 to 82 to 8

3.72 to 5.762 to 8

7 to 141414

14 to 21

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 2 to 4 1 application


0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28








0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28




tebuconazole*(Torque) 3.6 F(Skylark, Tebuconazole) 3.6 F

0.6 to 1.10.6

refer to label28


Pythium Blight (Pythium aphanidermatum)


0.42

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

10 to 1410 to 1410 to 1410 to 14



32 to 4 lbs

10 to 1414 to 28


chloroneb* (Teremec) 65 SP(Teremec) 2.9 F

47

5 to 75 to 7


cyazofamid (Segway) 3.33 SC* 0.45 to 0.9 14 to 21

ethazole*(Koban) 30 WP(Terrazole) 35 WP

2 to 4.52 to 4

1010 to 14

fluopicolide + propamocarb (Stellar) 5.7 SC 1.2 14


0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

7 to 1414

fluoxastrobin + myclobutanil (Fame M) 3.9 SC 0.5 to 1 14


fosetyl Al (Signature, Fosetyl-Al) 80 WDG(Signature Xtra Stressgard) 60 WDG* (Autograph) 70 DF*(Viceroy) 70 DF

4 to 82 to 6

4.6 to 9.24.6 to 9.1

14 to 217 to 21

14 to 2114 to 21

mancozeb*(Fore) 80 WP(Dithane) 75 DF(Pentathlon) 4 LF(Pentathlon) 75 DF(Protect, Wingman) 75 WP

88

1488

5 to 141055

7 to 14

mancozeb + copper hydroxide (Junction) 60 DF* 2 to 4 5

mefenoxam(Subdue) 43 WSP(Subdue MAXX, Quell) 2 ME(Subdue) 1 GR(Fenox, Mefenoxam) 2 AQ, 2 EC

0.28 to 0.560.5 to 1

12.5 to 250.2 to 1

10 to 2110 to 2110 to 1410 to 21

479

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Pythium Blight (continued) metalaxyl (Vireo) 2 MEC 1 to 2 10 to 21

phosphorus acid(Alude, Resyst) 3.3 F(Jetphiter) 5.41 F(Magellan) 4.3 F(Vital) 4.2 F(Vital Sign) 4.2 F

5 to 105

4.1 to 8.24 to 64 to 8

7 to 147

14 to 2114

7 to 14

potassium phosphite (Appear) 4.1 SC 3 to 44 to 6

7 to 1414

propamocarb (Banol) 6 S* 1.3 to 4 7 to 21


0.90.7

14 to 2810 to 14




Pythium Root Dysfunction (Pythium volutum)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 WG0.8 TL

0.42

21 to 2821 to 28

azoxystrobin + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Heritage Action) 51 WG* 0.4 21 to 28

cyazofamid (Segway) 3.33 SC* 0.45 to 0.9 14 to 21


0.27 to 0.363.6 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

fluoxastrobin + chlorothalonil (Fame C) 4.25 SC * 4.5 to 5.9 14 to 28



0.90.7

14 to 2814 to 28

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28WG* 1.1 14 to 28

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Lexicon Intrinsic) 4.17 SC 0.47 14 to 28


Pythium Root Rot (Pythium spp.)


0.42

2 to 40.38 to 0.77

10 to 1410 to 1410 to 1410 to 14


32 to 4 lbs

10 to 1414 to 28


chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC * 3 to 5.9 7 to 10

ethazole*(Koban) 30 WP(Terrazole) 35 WP

4.52 to 4

1010 to 14


0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

7 to 1014



fosetyl Al (Signature, Fosetyl-AI) 80 WDG(Signature Xtra Stressgard) 60 WDG* (Autograph) 70 DF*(Viceroy) 70 DF

4 to 82 to 6

4.6 to 9.24.6 to 9.1

14 to 217 to 21

14 to 2114 to 21

phosphorous acid (Vital Sign) 2.4 F(Jetphiter) 5.41 F

6 to 83.5 to 5

7 to 147 to 28

potassium phosphite (Appear) 4.1 SC 6 to 8 7 to 14

propamocarb (Banol) 6 S* 1.3 to 4 7 to 21

Rapid Blight (Labyrinthula spp.)


mancozeb (Fore) 80 WP* 8 14



0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

1414 to 28

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28WG* 0. 55 to 1.1 14 to 28

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Lexicon Intrinsic) 4.17 SC 0.34 to 0.47 14

480

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Rapid Blight (continued) pyraclostrobin + triticonazole (Pillar) 0.81 G 3 lbs 14 to 28

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 50 WDG 0.15 to 0.20.25

1421

trifloxystrobin + triadimefon (Armada) 50 WP 0.6 to 1.2 14 to 28

Red Thread (Laetisaria fuciformis)


0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 2814 to 28





1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28




(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F



1.8 to 3.253.25 to 52 to 5.5

5.53 to 5

5.3 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.5

1.8 to 3.23.6 to 5.53.25 to 53.6 to 5.5

7 to 1014

7 to 1414

7 to 1014

7 to 1014

7 to 1014

7 to 107 to 147 to 147 to 14

chlorothalonil + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Daconil Action) 6.1 F* 2 to 3.53.6 to 5.4

7 to 1014



14 to 2128


7 to 1414 to 21



3 to 83 to 8

3.72 to 5.763 to 8

7 to 101414

14 to 21

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 8 30




0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28



flutolanil (Prostar) 70 WP, 70 WDG 1.5 21 to 28


iprodione (iprodione (26GT, Iprodione Pro, IPro, Raven) 2 F, 2 SC, 2 SE* 4 14


iprodione + trifloxystrobin (Interface) 2.27 SC* 3 to 4 14

mancozeb*(Fore) 80 WP(Dithane) 75 DF(Pentathlon) 4 LF(Pentathlon) 75 DF(Protect, Wingman) 75 W

4 to 84 to 8

7 to 144 to 84 to 8

7 to 1410

7 to 147

7 to 14




myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil) 20 EW 1.2 14 to 21


481

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Red Thread (continued) polyoxin D (Affirm) 11.3 WDG(Endorse) 2.5 WP

0.884

7 to 147 to 14

Propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 2 14 to 21


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28


pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Lexicon Intrinsic) 4.17 SC 0.34 to 0.47 14



0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6


28


2 to 42 to 4

0.67 to 1.31.5 to 6 lbs

1 to 2

1414 to 28

141414




1421


0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28


0.5 to 10.15 to 0.3

14 to 2814 to 28

triticonazole + chlorothalonil (Reserve) 4.79 SC* 3.2 to 4.5 refer to label


Rust (Puccinia ssp.)

azoxystrobin(Heritage, Strobe) 50 WG(Heritage) 0.8 TL(Heritage) 0.31 G

0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28





1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28


chlorothalonil*(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG(Daconil Weather Stik, Legend) 6 F(Daconil Zn) 4.16 F(Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 6 F

(Chlorothalonil 720SFT) 6 F (Chlorothalonil, Chlorostar) 82.5 DF(Pegasus) 6 L(Pegasus) 82.5 DF(Pegasus HPX) 6 F

3.7 to 54.0 to 5.5

6 to 83 to 57.9

2.12 to 3.55.53.2

3.6 to 5.53.25 to 53.6 to 5.5

141414

7 to 1414

7 to1014

7 to 147 to 147 to 147 to 14

chlorothalonil + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Daconil Action) 6.1 F* 4 to 5.4 14



7 to 1414 to 28



3 to 83 to 8

3.72 to 5.763 to 8

7 to 141414

14 to 21



fluoxastrobin (Fame) 4 SC0.25 Gfluoxastrobin + myclobutanil (Fame M) 3.9 SC

0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

0.25 to 1

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 28

482

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Rust (continued) iprodione + trifloxystrobin (Interface) 2.27 SC* 3 to 5 refer to label

mancozeb*(Fore) 80 WP(Dithane) 75 DF(Pentathlon) 4 LF(Pentathlon) 75 DF(Wingman) 75 WP

44

5 to 744

7 to 1410

7 to 107 to 107 to 10





propiconazole (Banner Maxx, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 1 to 2 14 to 28


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28WG* 0.55 to 1.1 14 to 28



tebuconazole*(Torque) 3.6 F(Mirage Stressgard) 2 SC(Skylark, Tebuconazole) 3.6 F

0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6


28

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F (T-Bird) 4.5 L(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 85 WDG

4 to 64 to 8

3.5 to 52.35 to 3.53

1414 to 28

1414




1421


0.6 to 1.21 to 2

14 to 2814 to 28


0.5 to 10.15 to 0.225

14 to 2814 to 28


Slime Mold(Myxomycetes spp.)

mancozeb (Fore) 80 WP* 4 to 8 7 to 14


Southern Blight(Sclerotium rolfsii)


0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 2814 to 28





1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28


chloroneb* (Teremec) 65 SP 4 5 to 7



0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28




flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 2 21 to 28



0.6 to 1.21 to 2

1414

483

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Spring Dead Spot(Ophiosphaerella korrae;O. herpotricha; O. narmari)

azoxystrobin(Heritage, Strobe) 50 WG(Heritage) 0.8 TL(Strobe) 2L

0.42

0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 28

28



32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 1.5 14 to 21

chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC* 5.9 14 to 28


14 to 2128

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 46

14 to 30 (2 applications)1 application


0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28



isofetamid (Kabuto) 3.33 SC 0.5 to 1.6 14 to 28

myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 2.4 28 (fall)


propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 4 30


0.6 to 1.12

0.6

2128

fall and spring

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50WP or 4 F(3336) 2 G

4 to 66 to 9 lbs

1414

Stripe Smut(Ustilago striiformis)


14 to 2128

chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert) 4.3 SC* 4.5 to 8.5 fall or spring


propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 1 to 2 fall or spring

tebuconazole* (Torque) 3.6 F(Skylark, Tebuconazole) 3.6 F

0.6 to 1.10.6

springspring

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(3336) 2 G(T-Bird) 4.5 L(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 85 WDG(SysTec 1998, T-Bird,TM) 4.5 L

4 to 64 to 8

6 to 9 lbs5 to 10

3 to 3.535

1414 to 28

1414 to 2114 to 2114 to 21

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP 1 refer to label


0.61

refer to labelrefer to label

Summer Patch(Magnaporthe poae)


0.2 to 0.41 to 2

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

14 to 2814 to 2814 to 2814 to 28




1.5 to 32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28



14 to 2128

chlorothalonil + propiconazole + fludioxonil (Instrata) 3.6 SC* 6 to 11 14 to 28

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 2 to 42

4 to 8

30 (2 applications)30 (greens)

single application


0.18 to 0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

484

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Interval (days)3

Summer Patch (continued) fluoxastrobin + myclobutanil (Fame M) 3.9 SC 0.25 to 1 14 to 28


fludioxonil (Medallion) 50 WP 0.5 14

fluxapyroxad (Xzemplar) 2.47 SC 0.26 14 to 28


myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 1.2 to 2.4 14 to 28


propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 24

1428


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28





0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

2114 to 28

28

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(3336) 2 G(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 85 WDG(SysTec 1998, T-Bird, TM) 4.5 L

4 to 64 to 8

6 to 9 lbs3.53

5

14 to 2114 to 2814 to 21

1414

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP, 4.15 F 1 to 2 30

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 50 WDG 0.2 to 0.25 21 to 28

trifloxystrobin + triadimefon (Tartan) 2 SC *(Armada) 50 WP

21.2

21 to 2821 to 28


1 to 20.3 to 0.6

14 to 2814 to 28


Take-All Patch(Gaeumannomyces graminis)


0.42

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

28282828

azoxystrobin + acibenzolar-S-methyl (Heritage Action) 51 WG* 0.2 to 0.4 28

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Briskway) 2.7 SC* 0.5 to 0.725 28


32 to 4 lbs

14 to 2814 to 28

chlorothalonil + fluoxastrobin (Fame C) 4.25 SC* 5.9 28

fenarimol (Rubigan) 1 AS* 44 to 8

30 (greens)30 (1 or 2 applications)


0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

2828




myclobutanil (Eagle, Myclobutanil, Siskin) 20 EW 2.4 28 (spring/fall)

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 2 to 4 spring and fall


0.90.7

2828

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Honor) 28 WG* 1.1 28




0.6 to 1.11 to 20.6

fall and spring14 to 28

fall and spring

485

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Interval (days)3

Take-All Patch (continued) thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50 WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(3336) 2 G

4 to 64 to 8

6 to 9 lbs

1414 to 28

14triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP, 4.15 F 1 to 2 21 to 28trifloxystrobin + triadimefon (Armada) 50 WP 1.2 28


1 to 20.15 to 0.3

14 to 2814 to 28


Yellow Patch(Rhizoctonia cerealis)


0.42

2 to 4 lbs0.38 to 0.77

2828

14 to 2828



azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Briskway) 2.7 SC* 0.5 to 0.725 14 to 28azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Headway) 1.4 ME1.06 G

32 to 4 lbs

2814 to 28

azoxystrobin + tebuconazole (Strobe T) 2.67 SC* 1.5 14 to 21


chlorothalonil + propiconazole + fludioxonil (Instrata) 3.6 SC* 8 to 11 late fall


fludioxonil (Medallion) 50 WP 0.5 1 application



0.362.3 to 4.6 lbs

2814 to 28




flutolanil + thiophanate-methyl (SysStar) 80 WDG 2 21 to 28metconazole (Tourney) 50 WDG 0.37 to 0.44 late fallpolyoxin D (Affirm) 11.3 WDG(Endorse) 2.5 WP

0.884

7 to 147 to 14

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Kestrel, Propiconazole, Savvi, Strider) 1 ME 3 to 4 late falltebuconazole (Mirage Stressgard) 2 SC* 1 to 2 21 to 28

thiophanate-methyl (3336) 50WP or 4 F(3336 Plus) 2 F(3336) 2 G

4 to 64 to 8

6 to 9 lbs

1414 to 28

14triticonazole (Triton FLO) 3 F(Trinity) 1.75 SC

0.55 to 1.11 to 2

21 to 2821 to 28


Yellow Tuft(Sclerophthora macrospera)

fosetyl Al (Signature, Fosetyl-Al) 80 WDG(Signature Xtra Stressgard) 60 WDG* (Autograph) 70 DF*(Viceroy) 70 DF

4 to 82 to 6

4.6 to 9.24.6 to 9.1

14 to 2114 to 2114 to 2114 to 21

mefenoxam(Subdue WSP) 43 WSP(Subdue Maxx, Quell 2 ME(Subdue GR) 1 G(Mefenoxam, Fenox) 2 AQ, 2 EC

0.28 to 0.560.5 to 1

12.5 to 250.2 to 1

10 to 2110 to 2110 to 1410 to 21

metalaxyl (Vireo) 2 MEC 1 to 2 10 to 21


0.5 to 0.90.4 to 0.7

14 to 2814 to 28




Zoysia Patch See Large Patch

1 Other trade names with the same active ingredients are labeled for use on turfgrasses and can be used according to label directions.2 Apply fungicides in 2 to 5 gallons of water per 1,000 square feet according to label directions. Use lower rates for preventive and higher rates for curative

applications.3 Use shorter intervals when conditions are very favorable for disease.

* Products marked with an asterisk are not labeled for home lawn use.

486

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Nematicides for TurfJ. P. Kerns and E. L. Butler, Entomology and Plant Pathology Extension

Table 10-10. Nematicides for Turf

Nematicide and FormulationAmount of Formulation Per 1,000 sq ft Precautions and Remarks

1,3-dichloropropene (Curfew) 4 to 5 Curfew is a restricted use pesticide and may only be applied by custom applicators certified by Dow Agro Sciences. Curfew should not be applied within 100 feet of an occupied structure or any well used for potable water. Do not enter treated area for 24 hours after application. Curfew may be applied throughout the year, but turfgrass should be actively growing at the time of application. Soil moisture should be adequate to support good turf growth and maintained at that level for at least 7 days after application. One-half inch of irrigation or rainfall must be applied to the area to be treated within 18 hours prior to application and as soon as possible following application. Refer to label for additional application guidelines.

abamectin (Avid) 0.15 EC 1.31 For use on golf course greens only. Only abamectin formulated as Avid can be used for nematode control in turf according to a 24(c) label. Apply Avid 0.15 EC as an early curative treatment (after appropriate nematode extraction, identification, and counts). Apply early in the morning while grass is wet with dew or irrigate the area prior to application with 0.1 inch of water. Immediately after application irrigate with 0.1 inch of water to move treatments through the thatch. Do not over irrigate. Apply 3 to 4 consecutive Avid 0.15 EC applications on a 14- to 21-day interval. Avid is labeled only for sting (Belonolaimus longicaudatus) and ring (Macroposthonia sp.) nematodes.

abamectin (Divanem) 0.7 SC 3.125 to 12.2 For control of turf-parasitic nematodes on golf course greens, tees, and fairways. It is not labeled for use on golf course roughs, residential turf, sports fields, or commercial turf. Divanem should be applied as a seasonal program. Apply Divanem as an early curative treatment after appropriate nematode extraction, identification, and counts. Multiple applications may be required before improvements in turf quality are observed. Maximum annual rate must not exceed 0.27 lb abamectin/calendar year or 50 fl oz Divanem/A/calendar year. Do not apply to turf under heat or moisture stress. Apply in the early morning while grass is wet with dew or irrigate the area prior to application with 0.1 inches of water. Spray onto wet turf. Irrigate with 0.1 to 0.5 inches of water beginning within 1 hour of application to move Divanem through the thatch. For best results, irrigate before the spray droplets have dried on the turf. Apply in 2 gallons of water per 1,000 square feet of turf. Application rate is 3.125 to 6.25 fl oz/A every 14 to 21 days or 6.25 to 12.2 fl oz/A every 21 to 28 days.

Bacillus firmus (Nortica) 10 to 30 Nortica is a biological agent for the protection of plant roots against plant parasitic nematodes on turf, lawns, sod farms, and golf courses. Do not mix with other chemicals or fertilizers during application without first contacting a local Bayer representative. Do not apply for a month after a formaldehyde application. Do not apply within 2 weeks of a fumigant application. Do not combine in the spray tank with pesticides, surfactants or fertilizers if there has been no previous experience or use of the combination to show it is physically compatible, effective, and non-injurious under your use conditions. Refer to product label for further information about mixing compatibilities. Nortica is suitable for application by spraying, drenching, or by drip irrigation. Optimal results are obtained by pre-plant applications (from 2 to 7 days prior to planting) and immediately irrigating after application to a minimum of 3-4 inches. If product is applied prior to planting, maintain moist soil with daily irrigation until planting. Refer to label for further information about application techniques. Make applications every 3 months as necessary and irrigate to a depth of 4 inches.

fluensulfone (Nimitz Pro G) 1.38 to 2.75 lbs Intended for use by a commercial applicator. For nematode control in bermudagrass, St. Augustinegrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, seashore paspalum, tall fescue, and creeping bentgrass on golf courses, sports fields, commercial turfgrass areas, sod farms and residential turfgrass lawns. Nimitz must be immediately watered in after application with a minimum of ¼ inch water. Do not make applications when soil temperature is below 55 degrees F. Do not exceed 240 pounds of product per acre per calendar year. Do not allow bystanders to enter the treated area until the granules have been watered-in.

fluopyram (Indemnify) 0.195 to 0.39 Intended for use by commercial applicators. For use on golf courses, sod farms, sport fields, residential, institutional, municipal, commercial, and other turfgrass areas. Do not apply more than the maximum annual rate for each specific use from any combination of products containing fluopyram. Do not apply via aerial application. For ground application equipment, apply 2 to 5 gallons of solution per 1000 sq. ft. When using against nematodes, for optimum control irrigate within 24 hours of application to depth of the root zone to be protected. Do not apply more than 17.1 fl oz of Indemnify per acre per year. For residential turf, do not apply more than 15.5 fl oz of Indemnify per acre per year.

furfural (Multiguard Protect) 0.126 to 0.184 For terrestrial (outdoor) non-food use on established turf on golf course tees and greens, practice greens, spot treatment of fairways, roughs, and turf/sod farms. Areas to be treated must be at least 70% of field capacity before application. Apply up to 6 applications using only ground boom sprayers set to release spray at no more than 2 feet above the ground. Use the high rate at the start of the season and under high infestation and/or until acceptable control is achieved every 14 to 28 days. Then use the lower rate as a maintenance application at 14-28 day intervals.

487

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Floral, Nursery, and Landscape DiseasesFungicides and Bactericides for Disease Control of Greenhouse Floriculture Crops

Inga Meadows, Entomology and Plant PathologyAnyone using any agricultural chemical should refer to the current chemical label, which contains information about the safe and effective use of the chemical, before using the chemical. Consult the product label to ensure that the variety of ornamental plant that you wish to treat is listed on the label. Check for phytotoxicity by making trial applications on a smaller number of plants before you treat an entire crop.

Table 10-11. Disease Control of Annual, Perennial, Bedding, and Flowering Potted Plants in GreenhousesDiseasePesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks

Bacterial Leaf Spot (Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas)

Bacillus subtilis strain OST 713(Rhapsody, Cease)

2 to 8 qt/100 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. Rhapsody is OMRI listed.

copper hydroxide (Nu-Cop) 50DF(CuPRO 2005)(CuPRO 5000)(Kentan DF)

1 lb/100 gal0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal1.5 to 2.0 lb/100 gal

1.5 to 2.0 lb/A

Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label.

copper hydroxide + mancozeb (Junction)

1.5 to 3.5 lb/A Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

copper diammonia diacetate complex (Copper-Count-N)

1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5 to 2.0 gal/A Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. OMRI approved.

copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide(Badge SC)(Badge X2)

1.5 to 2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A

Repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. Badge X2 is OMRI approved. Do not mix with Aliette.

copper sulfate, basic(CUPROFIX Ultra 40 Disperss)(Cuproval)

See label See label. Rates vary depending on host.

cuprous oxide (Nordox 75WG) 0.66 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease and repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. OMRI approved.

didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (KleenGrow)

0.06 to 0.38 fl. oz. per gallon of water

Apply starting at week 3 or earlier if conditions are favorable for disease. Use a watering device to drench the top and bottom of the leaves and stems, avoiding flowers in full bloom, every 14 days to prevent the spread of spores and the build-up of organic material. Remove severely infected plants and disinfect the area with 1.0 fluid ounce of KleenGrow per gallon of water.

Black root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola)

Dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride(KleenGrow)

0.06 to 0.38 fl oz per gallon of water


etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot 40WP)(Banrot 8G)

See label See label as rates vary depending on application. Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if necessary.

fludioxonil (Medallion 50WDG)(Emblem)

See label Apply as a preventive drench at seeding or transplanting. Make only one application to seeding crop. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application.Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens.

Iprodione + thiophanate-methyl(Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC)

17 to 34 oz/100 gal After transplanting, apply 1 to 2 pt per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Do not use as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.

thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336 F, or other formulations)

(OHP 6672 4.5L, T-bird 4.5L)(Incognito 85 WDG)(T-methyl SPC 50 WSB, OHP 6672 50 WP))

7.5 to 20 oz/100 gal8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal

7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal4.8 to 9.6 oz/100 gal8 to 16 oz/100 gal

Apply as a heavy spray or drench at the rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of ½ to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4-to 8-week intervals.Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of ½ to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4-to 8-week intervals.

Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain KRI – AG2 (RootShield WP

3 to 5 oz/100 gal May be applied as a soil drench. For cuttings or bare root dip, use 0.25 to 5 lb/5 gal or dip into dry powder.

Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain T-22. Trichoderma virens strain G-41(Rootshield WP Plus)

3 to 8 oz/100 gal May be applied as a soil drench. For cuttings or bare root dip, use 0.25 to 1.5 lb/2 gal.

triflumizole (Terraguard SC) 2 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. Do not use on impatiens plugs.

Botrytis Blight

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days prior to infection. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal on impatiens, pansy, or viola. Do not make more than three sequential applications before switching to a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Do not exceed 24 oz/A

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural) 4 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days.

Bacillus subtilis strain OST-713(Rhapsody, Cease)

2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3-to 10-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Rhapsody is OMRI approved.

Bacillus subtilis strain MBI-600(Subtilex)

0.4 to 1.2 oz/1000 sq ft Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease.

488

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Botrytis Blight (continued)

chlorothalonil(Chlorothalonil DF)(Chlorothalonil 500ZN)(Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6F)(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG(Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate)(Exotherm Termil)

1 to 2.5 lb/100 gal1.9 pt/100 gal

1.37 pt/100 gal1 3/8 pt/100 gal

1.4 lb/100 gal1.25 lb/100 gal

1 can/1,000 sq ft

Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to foliage or flowers when plants are dry or nearly dry. Discontinue applications prior to bract formation on poinsettia. Rotate with fenhexamid, iprodione, or fludioxonil.

On rose, use 1 pt/100 gal.

On rose, use 1 lb/100 gal.On rose, use 0.78 lb/100 gal (Echo 90) DF or 0.9 lb/100 gal (Echo Ultimate).See label for method of application.

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90WDG

(Consyst WDG, TM/C WDG)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 1.5 lb/100 gal

Minimum re-treat interval is 7 days. Do not apply to green or variegated pittosporium or schefflera more than once.Repeat every 7 to 10 days as needed during disease period.

copper hydroxide

(Nu-Cop) 50DF(CuPRO 2005)(CuPRO 5000)(Kentan DF)

1 lb/100 gal0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal1.5 to 2.0 lb/100 gal’

1.5 to 2.0 lb/A

Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties - check label.


1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

copper, diammonia, diacetate complex (Copper-Count-N)

1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/A Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. OMRI approved.


1.5 to 2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A

Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Badge X2 is OMRI approved. Do not mix with Aliette.

copper sulfate, basic (CUPROFIX Ultra 40 Disperss)(Cuproxat)

See label See label. Rates vary depending on host

cuprous oxide (Nordox 75WG) 0.66 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. OMRI approved

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium) 4 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications. Cautionary statement on label for applications to Geraniums, Impatiens and New Guinea Impatiens.

dicloran (Botran) 75W 1 lb/150 to 200 galSee label

Apply to stock cuttings or greenhouse plants. Begin when disease is anticipated or first appears. Spray foliage and flowers at 7- to 14-day intervals.




fenhexamid (Decree) 50WDG 1 to 1.5 lb/100 gal RESISTANCE TO THIS CHEMICAL HAS BEEN REPORTED IN BOTRYTIS. Avoid making more than two consecutive applications of this product. Treat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Rotate with chlorothalonil, copper, mancozeb, or iprodione. Make trial application before treating poinsettia.

fludioxonil (Medallion 50WDG WSP)(Emblem)

2 to 4 oz/100 gal2 to 4 fl oz/100 gal

Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Use no more than two consecutive applications before switching to another fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not use after bract formation on poinsettia.Foliar applications on impatiens, New Guinea impatiens, and some geranium cultivars may cause stunting or chlorosis, especially on young plants.

iprodione(Chipco 26019 N/G)(18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE)

1.0 to 2.5 lb/100 gal1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal

Spray to ensure thorough coverage. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than four applications per year. Do not apply to Spathiphyllum. Do not apply as a soil drench on impatiens or pothos.

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl(26/36)Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC)


Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Do not make more than 4 applications per crop per year.Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Do not drench impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum

mancozeb(Dithane 75DF), (Fore 80WP), (Mancozeb DG) (Pentathlon DF)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 bags/100 gal

Do not use on French dwarf or signet-type marigolds. Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Most effective when applied prior to infection. Not for use on marigold.Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals.Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals.To improve performance, add 2 to 4 oz of an effective spreader-sticker. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals.

mancozeb + myclobutanil (Clevis, MANhandle)

2 lb/100 gal Addition of Latron B-1956 will improve performance. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals.

polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP)(Affirm WDG)

1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal0.25 to 0.5 lb/100 gal

Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease.

propiconazole + chlorothalonil (Concert II)

63 fl oz (4.3 pt)/100 gal Apply every 14-28 days beginning when conditions are favorable for disease. Apply to full coverage to the point of drip. Do not make more than 3 applications.

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant Intrinsic)

12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.

thiophanate-methyl(Cleary 3336 F, T-methyl SPC 50 WSB)(OHP 6672 4.5F)(OHP 6672 50WP)(Phoenix T-bird 85 WDG)(T-bird 4.5L)

12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal10 to 14.5 fl oz/100 gal

12-16 oz/100 gal0.4 lb/100 gal

10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply every 7 to 14 days beginning at first signs of disease. Apply every 7 to 14 days beginning at first signs of disease. Apply every 7 to 14 days beginning at first signs of disease. Apply every 10 to 14 days beginning at first signs of disease. Apply every 7 to 14 days beginning at first signs of disease.

489

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Botrytis Blight (continued)

thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban 79WSB)

see label Do not use on French marigold or gloxinia. Apply weekly.

trifloxystrobin (Compass O 50WDG) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until the threat of disease is over. Rotate to another nonstrobilurin fungicide after each application of Compass O. Make no more than four foliar applications per crop cycle or season.

triflumizole (Terraguard SC) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Bulb and Corm Rots (Fusarium, Penicillium)



Apply starting at week 3 or earlier if conditions are favorable for disease. Use a watering device to drench the top and bottom of the leaves and stems, avoiding flowers in full bloom, every 14 days to prevent the spread of spores and the build-up of organic material. Remove severely infected plants and disinfect the area with 1.0 fluid ounce of KleenGrow per gallon of water


2 lb/100 gal2 qt/100 gal

Dip 5 minutes prior to storage.


Immerse both crate and bulbs in a solution of

0.15 to 1.5 fl ozKleenGrow per gallon of

water for 30 seconds

For control of Botrytis, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium and Penicillium bulb rots and other fungal and bacterial diseases of tulip, narcissus, gladiolus, crocus, dahlia, freesia, iris, lily, daylily, amaryllis, hyacinth, iris, scilla and ornamental onion. Remove from solution and allow to drain prior to planting or storage. Test solution regularly using QAC test strips, (La Motte #2949-BJ or equivalent). Add KleenGrow when necessary to maintain an a.i. concentration between 90 and 900 ppm.

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (26/36) 66 oz/100 gal Dip 5 minutes prior to storage. Only labeled for corm rot on Gladiolus.

thiabendazole (Mertect 340-F) 30 fl oz/100 gal Clean and treat bulbs and corms within 24 to 48 hours of digging. Warm solution prior to dipping. Mix fresh solution per label guidelines. Dip bulbs 15 to 30 minutes and corms 15 minutes for Fusarium control, or dip bulbs 10 to 15 minutes for Penicillium (blue mold) control.

thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336 F)

(OHP-6672 50WP)(Incognito 85 WDG)(T-methyl SPC 50 WSB)(OHP 6672 4.5F, T-bird 4.5L0(T-storm Flowable)(Phoenix T-bird 85 WDG)

12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray;

16 to 24 fl oz/100 gal dip16 to 32 oz/100 gal

9.6 to 19.2 oz/100 gal16 to 32 oz/100 gal

14.t to 33 fl oz/100 gal33 fl oz/100 gal1.4 lb/100 gal

Soak clean bulbs for 15 to 30 minutes in warm (80 to 85 degrees F) solution. Treat bulbs within 48 hours of digging. Dry well before storing.

Cylindrocladium Stem Canker or Root Rot

chlorothalonil(Chlorothalonil 500ZN)(Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6F)(Daconil Ultrex, Daconil Weatherstik 82.5WDG)(Echo 90DF), (Echo Ultimate)(Exotherm Termil)

1.9 pt/100 gal1.37 pt/100 gal1 3/8 pt/100 gal

1.4 lb/100 gal1.25 lb/100 gal

1 can/1,000 sq ft

Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to foliage or flowers when plants are dry or nearly dry. See label for method of application.

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro 90WDG)

1.0 to 2.0 lb/100 gal For best results use spray mixture the same day it is prepared. Spray uniformly over the area to be treated with a properly calibrated power sprayer, apply as a full coverage spray to run-off when conditions are favorable for disease development.

fludioxonil(Medallion 50WSP)

See label Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. Two applications per year when conditions favor disease development are usually adequate for control.

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl(Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC) 17 to 34 oz/100 gal

After transplanting, apply 1 to 2 pt per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Do not use as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.


12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray, as injury may occur.

thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336F)

(OHP-6672 50W) (T-Storm Flowable)(Incognito 85WDG)(T-methyl SPC 85WSB)(OHP 6672 4.5F, T-bird 4.5L)

8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal

8 to 16 oz/100 gal20 fl oz/100 gal

4.8 to 9.6 oz/100 gal8 to 16 oz/100 gal

7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply 8 oz after seeding or sticking, or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting as a drench or directed spray at a rate that thoroughly soaks the growing media through the root zone. Repeat every 21 to 28 days.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.

Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain KRL- AG2 (RootShield WP)


Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain T-22, Trichoderma virens strain G-41 (RootShield WP Plus)


triflumizole (Terraguard SC) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Can be used as a cutting soak or soil drench. Apply soil drenches at 2 to 4 week intervals as needed. Use higher rate under high disease pressure, which can occur under warmer conditions.

Downy Mildew

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 28 days prior to infection. Do not apply 2 oz rate on less than 14-day intervals.


Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (Rhapsody, Cease)

2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, prior to the onset of disease. Rhapsody is OMRI approved.

490

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Downy Mildew (continued)

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (ConSyst WDG, TM/C WDG)

0.75 to 1 lb/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 10 days during disease period.

copper hydroxide(Nu-Cop 50DF)(CuPRO 2005)(CuPRO 5000)(Kentan DF)


1.5 to 2.0 lb/A

Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties; check label.


1.5 to 2 pt/A 1.5 to 2 lb/A


copper diammonia diacetate complex(Copper-Count-N)

1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum.



cyazofamid (Segway) 2.1 to 3.5 fl oz/100 gal 14 to 21 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre).




dimethomorph (Stature SC) 6.12 to 12.25 oz/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Apply to obtain complete coverage of flowers, foliage, and stems. Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals throughout the production cycle.

dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego) 11 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre).

fenamidone (Fenstop) 7 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray until wet. Repeat as necessary on a 28-day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications per crop per season.

fluoxastrobin (Disarm G) see label Apply in advance of infection periods.

fluopicolide (Adorn) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal Adorn MUST be tank mixed for resistance management with another product that is registered for use against the target disease.

fosetyl-Al (Aliette 80WDG) 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal (bedding plants)

2.5 lb/100 gal (rose)

Systemic. Repeat as necessary, but do not make more than one application every 14 days.

mancozeb(Dithane) 75DF, (Fore) 80WSP, (Mancozeb DG)(Pentathlon DF)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 bags/100 gal

Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat 7- to 10-day intervals.Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat 7- to 10-day intervals.To improve performance, add 2-4 oz of an effective spreader-sticker. Repeat at 7- to 21-day intervals.

mancozeb + copper hydroxide (Junction)

1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin applications at first sign of disease and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat sprays at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications, then rotate to another fungicide with a different MOA.

mefenoxam (Subdue Maxx,Subdue GR)

0.5 to 1 fl oz/100 galSee label for rates

Apply Subdue Maxx as a foliar spray or soil drench treatment. Apply Subdue GR as a soil surface or soil/planting media incorporation treatment.

oxathiapiprolin (Segovis) 0.6 to 2.4 fl oz/100 gal Begin foliage applications prior to disease development and continue on 5 to 14 day interval when conditions are conducive for disease development. Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to another non-Group U-15 fungicide.

phosphorous acid (Alude, Fosphite, Reliant)

See label for rates Apply prior to disease development. Spray to thoroughly wet all foliage. Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals.

polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease.

potassium bicarbonate (MilStop) 1.25 to 5 lb/100 gal Uniform and complete coverage of foliage is essential for best results. See label for special instructions regarding poinsettia, pansy, and impatiens.

potassium phosphite (Vital) 4 pt/100 gal Apply prior to disease onset, and repeat at 14-day intervals.

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply prior to onset of disease and repeat every 7 to 14 days. Do not expose flowering impatiens or flowering petunias to Insignia.



thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban)

1.5 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7-day intervals.

trifloxystrobin (Compass O 50WDG) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray before disease is detected or when conditions are favorable for disease. Repeat at 7- to-14-day intervals until threat of disease is over.

Fungal Leaf Spots (consult label for specific fungi controlled)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 8 oz/100 galSee label

Rates may differ depending on disease and host – see label. Repeat at 7- to 28-day intervals. Do not make more than three sequential applications before switching to a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot.



2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3- to 7-day intervals when conditions are favorable for disease and before onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Not effective on Alternaria.

491

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Fungal Leaf Spots (consult label for specific fungi controlled) (continued)

chlorothalonil(Chlorothalonil DF)(Chlorothalonil 500ZN)(Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Chlorostar VI, Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable)(Daconil Ultrex 82.5WDG)(Echo 90DF), (Echo Ultimate)

1 to 2.5 lb/100 gal1.9 pt/100 gal

1.37 pt/100 gal1 3/8 pt/100 gal1.4 lb/100 gal

1.25 lb/100 gal

Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Works well for control of Alternaria leaf spot. Discontinue applications prior to bract formation on poinsettias. Applications made during bloom may damage flowers. Apply to plants when both foliage and flowers are dry or nearly dry.

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90WDG(Consyst WDG, TM/C WDG)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal0.75 to 1 lb/100 gal

Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Repeat at 7-day intervals. Good control of Colletotrichum (anthracnose) and Alternaria. Not recommended for Swedish Ivy, Boston Fern, and Easter Cactus.Thorough, uniform coverage is essential for good control. Repeat in 7 to 10 days.

copper hydroxide(Nu-Cop 50DF)(CuPRO 2005)(CuPRO 5000)(Kentan DF)


1.5 to 2.0 lb/A



1.5 to 3.5 lb/A Repeat at 7- to 21-day intervals. Discoloration of foliage and/or blooms is possible on some varieties of carnation, chrysanthemum, and rose. Do no use on French marigold.

copper diammonia diacetate complex(Copper-Count-N)

1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals

copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/1A Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. OMRI approved.


1.5 to 2 pt/A 1.5 to 2 lb/A


copper sulfate, basic (CUPROFIX Ultra 40 Disperss)(Cuproxat)

See label See label. Rates vary depending on host.


cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications. See cautionary statement on label for applications to Geraniums, Impatiens and New Guinea Impatiens.




fludioxonil(Medallion WDG WSP)(Emblem)


Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot.


1.0 to 2.5 lb/100 gal1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal

Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than 4 applications per crop per year. Do not drench impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot.

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl(26/36)(Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC)


Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Do not make more than 4 applications per crop per year.Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Do not drench impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.

mancozeb(Dithane 75DF), (Fore 80WSP), (Mancozeb DG) (Pentathlon DF)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gal0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gall

Do not use on French dwarf or signet-type marigolds. Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Most effective when applied prior to infection.Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals.Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals.To improve performance, add 2-4 oz of an effective spreader-sticker. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals.

mancozeb + myclobutanil(Clevis, MANhandle)

2 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. The addition of Latron B-1956 will improve performance. Good control of Alternaria.

myclolobutanil(Eagle 20EW)(Eagle 40WP)

6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal3 to 6 oz/100 gal

Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals, not to exceed 21 days. For chrysanthemums, see label for specific rates.

polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 2.2 lb/100 gal Control of Alternaria blight, anthracnose (Colletotrichum), and Curvularia leaf spot. Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease.

potassium bicarbonate (MilStop) 1.25 to 5 lb/100 gal Uniform and complete coverage of foliage is essential for best results. See label for special instructions regarding poinsettia, pansy, and impatiens.

propiconazole (Banner Maxx II) See label Rates vary depending on the disease—see label.


22 to 35 fl oz/100 gal Apply as needed beginning when conditions are favorable for disease. Apply to full coverage to the point of drip. Do not make more than 3 applications.

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) See label Apply prior to onset of disease and repeat every 7 to 14 days. Do not expose flowering impatiens or flowering petunias to Insignia.



tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease.

492

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Fungal Leaf Spots (consult label for specific fungi controlled) (continued)

thiophanate-methyl

(Cleary 3336 F) (T-methyl SPC 50WSB)(Incognito 85WDG)(OHP 6672 4.5F)(OHP 6672 50WP)(Phoenix T-bird 85 WDG)(T-bird 4.5L)


7.2 to 9.6 fl oz/100 gal10 to 14.5 fl oz/100 gal

12-16 oz/100 gal0.3 to 0.8 lb/100 gal

10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal

Begin when disease first appears and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Repeat every 7 to 14 days during disease period. Rotations with chlorothalonil can be used.Repeat every 7 to 14 days during disease period. Rotations with chlorothalonil can be used.Repeat every 7 to 14 days during disease period. Rotations with chlorothalonil can be used.Repeat every 7 to 14 days during disease period. Rotations with chlorothalonil can be usedRepeat every 10 to 14 days during disease period. Repeat every 7 to 14 days during disease period.

triadimefon (Strike 25WDG) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as needed at first sign of disease. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot.

trifloxystrobin (Compass O 50WDG) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until threat of disease is over. Rotate to another nonstrobilurin fungicide after each application. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot.

triflumizole (Terraguard SC) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply at very first sign of disease. Do not use on impatiens plugs, and do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal for impatiens transplants. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 4 to 12 fl oz/100 gal See label as rate varies depending on fungal leaf spot pathogen. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Fusarium Root and Crown Rot

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal (directed spray)

0.2 to 1 oz/100 gal (drench)

Apply as a directed spray every 7 to 21 days, Apply as a soil drench at 7-to 28 day intervals.

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural) 5 to 7 oz/100 gal (directed spray)2 to 3 oz/100 gal

(drench)

Apply as a directed spray every 7 to 21 days.

Apply 1-2 pt per sq ft of solution every 7-28 days.


4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench directed spray every 21 to 28 days. Apply at or during sticking or transplanting. Rhapsody is OMRI listed.

Bacillus subtilis strain MBI 600 (Subtilex)

0.4 to 0.4 oz/100 gal0.05–0.07 oz/cubic yard of soil or growing media

For greenhouse post-plant application. For pre-plant growing media amendment applications. Apply as a water-based slurry to soil or growing media for preventative control and suppression of root pathogens.


1.0 to 2.0 lb/100 gal For best results use spray mixture the same day it is prepared. Spray uniformly over the area to be treated with a properly calibrated power sprayer, apply as a full coverage spray to run-off when conditions are favorable for disease development.

etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot 40WP)(Banrot 8G)

See label See label as rates vary depending on application. Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if necessary. See label for more details.

fludioxonil(Medallion 50WDG)(Emblem)

See label Apply as a drench at seeding or transplanting. Make only one application to seeding crop. If needed, retreat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. See label for incorporation into potting mixture. Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens.

fludioxonil + mefenoxam (Hurricane 48WP)

See label Apply as a pre-potting or growing media drench per label directions. For control of Fusarium, add Medallion Fungicide at a rate of 1.0 oz/gal. Application to impatiens, New Guinea impatiens, pothos, geranium, and Easter lily may cause stunting and/or chlorosis.

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC) 17 to 34 fl oz/100 gal

Spray to ensure thorough coverage. After transplanting, apply 1 to 2 pt per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Do not use as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.

pyraclostrobin (Empress Intrinsic) 1 to 6 fl oz/100 gal (see label)

Apply at 1 to 3 fl oz for plants in propagation, rooted cuttings, plugs and seedlings and at 2 to 6 fl oz to all other plants. Do not apply to dry soil media. Apply preventative to disease with sequential at 7 to 28 days after the first application if needed.



Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop) See label Apply inoculant as a seed dressing, soil drench spray, or transplant dip. Must be applied prior to onset of disease. See label.

thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336F)

(OHP 6672 50WP)(SysTec 1998 FL)(T-Storm Flowable) (Incognito 85WDG)(T-methyl SPC 50WSB)(OHP 6672 4.5F, T-bird 4.5L)(Phoenix T-bird 85 WDG)



20 fl oz/100 gal4.8 to 9.6 oz/100 gal8 to 16 oz/100 gal

7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal0.4 to 0.8 lb/100 gal

Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding or sticking or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4- week intervals.





triflumizole (Terraguard50W) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply soil drenches weekly as needed. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure.

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. The crown and base of the plant and the soil or potting medium surrounding the crown must be thoroughly covered.

493

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Myrothecium Leaf Blight, Crown, or Petiole Rot

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days. Do not exceed 2 oz per 100 gal on impatiens, pansy, or violas.


chlorothalonil(Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable)(Chlorothalonil DF)(Chlorothalonil 500 ZN)(Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG(Echo Ultimate)

1 3/8 pt/100 gal

1 to 2.5 lb/100 gal1.9 pt/100 gal

1.37 pt/100 gal1.4 lb/100 gal

1.25 lb/100 gal

Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals.

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl(Spectro 90WDG)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Repeat at 7-day intervals.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications. See cautionary statement on label for applications to Geraniums, Impatiens and New Guinea Impatiens.

fludioxonil(Medallion WDG, WSP)(Emblem)


Spray to runoff at 7- to 14-day intervals. See label for media mix and drench applications. Drench applications to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens may cause stunting and/or chlorosis.



trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until threat of disease is over.

triflumizole (Terraguard 50W) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply prior to or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Use higher rates for initial application under disease pressure. Do not use on impatiens plugs. Do not exceed 2 oz per 100 gallons on impatiens transplants.

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Phytophthora Aerial Shoot Blight

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 28 days. Do not make more than three sequential applications before switching to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.


chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro 90 WDG)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when plants are dry. Spectro has protective and curative action. Repeat at 7-day intervals.

dimethomorph (Stature SC) 12.25 fl oz/100 gal Begin spraying at first sign of disease. Use a full-coverage spray at 10- to 14-day intervals throughout production cycle.

dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego) 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre).

fenamidone (Fenstop) 7 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray until wet. Repeat as necessary on a 28-day schedule. Do not apply more than 4 applications per crop per season.

fluopicolide (Adorn) 2 to 4 fl oz/100 gal MUST ALWAYS BE TANK MIXED WITH THE LABELED RATE OF ANOTHER FUNGICIDE WITH A DIFFERENT MODE OF ACTION. Apply before disease development. Use higher rate when treating plants with high potential for disease. Reapply after 14 to 28 days. Do not apply more than 2 applications per cropping cycle.

fuoxastrobin (Disarm 480SC) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a crown spray at 7 to 28 day application interval depending on disease pressure

fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80 WDG 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Apply as a foliar spray. Repeat as necessary, but do not exceed one application every 14 days.



mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications before rotating to an alternate MOA.

oxathiapiprolin (Segovis) 0.6 to 2.4 fl oz/100 gal Begin foliar applications prior to disease development and continue on 5- to 14-day interval when conditions are conducive for disease development. Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to another non-Group U-15 fungicide.


See label for rates Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive.

potassium phosphite (Vital) see label Apply preventatively as a soil drench or foliar spray.


18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.

Phytophthora or Pythium Root and Crown Rot

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural) 3 oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 2 pints of drench solution per square foot surface area every 7 to 28 days.





NOT LABELED FOR PHYTOPHTHORA. Apply as a water-based slurry to soil or growing media for preventative control and suppression of root pathogens.

cyazofamid (Segway) 3.0 to 6.0 fl oz/100 gal Apply ONLY to ornamentals grown in containers in greenhouses as a soil drench. Make applications on a 14- to 21-day interval using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Check label for recommended maximum drench volume based on pot diameter.

494

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Phytophthora or Pythium Root and Crown Rot (continued)



Apply starting at week 3 or earlier if conditions are favorable for disease. Use a watering device to drench the top and bottom of the leaves and stems, avoiding flowers in full bloom, every 14 days to prevent the spread of spores and the build-up of organic material. Remove severely infected plants and disinfect the area with 1.0 fluid ounce of KleenGrow per gallon of water. Preventative control only.

dimethomorph (Stature SC) 3.06 to 6.12 oz/50 to 100 gal

Apply when plant roots are well established, or at first sign of disease on 10- to 14-day intervals throughout production cycle. Use enough solution to wet root zone. Avoid watering plants for several hours after application. See label for rates for container-grown perennials and woody ornamentals. Not effective against Pythium root rot.

dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego) 11 to 14 fl oz/100 gal NOT LABELED FOR PYTHIUM. Apply on 10- to 14-day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre).

dipotassium phosphonate + dipotassium phosphate (Biophos 1% [v/v])


etridiazole(Truban 30WP)(Terrazole 35WP)

3 to 10 oz/100 gal3.5 to 10 oz/100 gal

Apply in sufficient volume to saturate soil. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals.Drench 4-inch pot with a minimum of 2 oz and a 6-inch pot with 4 oz. Re-treat at 4- to 12-week intervals. Use higher rates for peat or other high organic potting media.

etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot 40W)(Banrot 8G)


fenamidone (Fenstop) 7 to 14 fl oz/50 to 100 gal/400 sq ft

Apply as a drench using 1 to 2 pints per square foot. Repeat as necessary on a 28-day application schedule. Do not apply more than 4 applications of the maximum rate per crop per season. Higher rate has shown more consistent efficacy in research trials.

fosetyl-Al (Aliette 80WDG) 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray prior to disease development. Repeat as necessary, but do not exceed one application every 14 days.

fludioxonil + mefenoxam (Hurricane 48WP)

See label Apply as a pre-potting or growing media drench per label directions. Application to impatiens, New Guinea impatiens, pothos, geranium, and Easter lily may cause stunting and/or chlorosis.

fluopicolide (Adorn) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal MUST ALWAYS BE TANK MIXED WITH THE LABELED RATE OF ANOTHER FUNGICIDE WITH A DIFFERENT MODE OF ACTION. Apply before disease development. Use higher rate when treating plants with high potential for disease. Reapply after 14 to 28 days. Do not make more than one application per crop on poinsettia- phytotoxicity has been observed with repeat applications.

Gliocladium virens strain GL-21(Soilgard 12G)

see label Naturally occurring soil fungus. Do not use additional soil fungicides at time of incorporation. Avoid use in media totally void of organic matter. OMRI approved.

mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications.

mefenoxam (Fenox ME, Mefenoxam 2, Subdue MAXX)

See label for rates Can be applied as a drench, soil surface spray, or incorporated into the soil mix. Consult label for specific crops and applications.

oxathiapiprolin (Segovis) 0.65 to 3.2 fl oz/100 gal NOT LABELED FOR PYTHIUM. Apply at 5- to 14-day interval preventatively or at first sight of disease symptoms. Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to another non-Group U-15 fungicide.

phosphorous acid (Alude, FOSPHITE, Reliant)


potassium phosphite (Vital) 1 pt/100 gal Apply preventatively as a soil drench or foliar spray.

propamocarb hydrochloride (Banol, Proplant)

20 to 30 fl oz/100 gal Apply at seeding or transplanting. See label. Effective for preventing Pythium infections.

pyraclostrobin (Empress Intrinsic) 1 to 3 fl oz/100 gal in propagation and 2 to 6

fl oz/100 gal for all other plants in production

Apply as a preventative drench prior to onset of disease. Can be reapplied 7 to 28 days following the initial application.





trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as drench to wet the upper half of growing media. Start application at time of planting and at 14 to 28 days depending on disease pressure. NOT LABELED FOR PYTHIUM.

Powdery Mildew

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz /100 gal Spray every 7 to 28 days as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than two sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with non-strobilurin products.

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural) 4 to 7 oz/100 gal (foliar)

2 to 3 oz/100 gal (drench)

Apply every 7 to 21 days. Do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating to another class of fungicide that is not Group 7 or 11.

Apply 1-2 pints of the solution per square foot surface area every 7 to 28 days.


2 to 4 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Rhapsody is OMRI listed.


0.4-1.2 oz / 1000 ft2 Repeat at 7 to 10-day intervals. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease.

495

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Powdery Mildew (continued)

chlorothalonil (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable)(Chlorothalonil DF)(Chlorothalonil 500ZN)

(Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Daconil Ultrex 82.5WDG)(Echo 90DF), (Echo Ultimate)

1 3/8 pt/100 gal

1 to 2.5 lb/100 gal1.9 pt/100 gal

(1.6 pt/100 gal on rose)1.37 pt/100 gal1.4 lb/100 gal

1.25 lb/100 gal

Apply until runoff when flowers and foliage are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Avoid applications during bloom where flower injury is unacceptable. Discontinue use on poinsettias prior to bract formation.

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro 90WDG)(ConSyst WDG, TM/C, WDG)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal0.75 to 1 lb/100 gal

Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Re-treat at 7-day intervals. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.

copper hydroxide(Champ WG)(Nu-Cop 50DF)(CuPRO 2005)

0.5 lb/100 gal1 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal


copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium) 4 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7- to14- day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications.


0.06 to 0.38 fl oz/gal Apply starting at week 3 or earlier if conditions are favorable for disease. Use a watering device to drench the top and bottom of the leaves and stems, avoiding flowers in full bloom, every 14 days to prevent the spread of spores and the build-up of organic material. Remove severely infected plants and disinfect the area with 1.0 fluid ounce of KleenGrow per gallon of water.

fuoxastrobin (Disarm 480SC) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal Use for preventative applications only and apply every 7 to 28 days depending on disease pressure. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non Group 11 fungicide.

hydrogen peroxide + peroxyacetic acid (ZeroTol 2.0)

125 fl oz/100 gal Apply in early morning or late evening. Apply consecutive applications until control is achieved, then begin weekly preventative program (see label).

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC)

17 to 34 fl oz/100 gal Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Do not make more than 4 applications per crop per year. Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Do not drench impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.


2 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. The addition of Latron B-1956 will improve performance.

myclobutanil(Eagle 20EW)(Eagle 40WSP)


Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Use caution if applying to Gerbera daisy as phytotoxicity may occur.

neem oil (Triact 70) 1 gal/100 to 200 gal Trial first on open blooms. Retreat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Use 1:200 rate as a preventive and 1:100 rate if disease is evident.

phosphorous acid (Rampart) see label Apply at two to three week intervals. Do not apply to plants that are under heat or moisture stress. Do not apply to plants treated with copper compounds at less than 20 days intervals.

piperalin (Pipron) LC 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal See label for precautions on hydrangea, begonia, and poinsettia. Use high rate if disease is already present.

potassium bicarbonate (Armicarb 100)(Kaligreen)(MilStop)

2 to 2.5 lb/100 gal1 to 3 lb/100 gal4 to 8 oz/100 gal

Apply every 10- to 14 days. Increase frequency to every 5 - to 7 days under heavy disease pressure.Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-10 day intervals.See label for precautions for poinsettia, impatiens, and pansy. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.


propiconazole (Banner Maxx II) 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 30 days at the first sign of disease. For impatiens, the maximum label rate is 8 fl oz/100 gal.






thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336F)(Incognito 85WDG)(OHP 6672 50WP, T-methyl SPC 50WSB)(OHP 6672 4.5F, T-bird 4.5L)(Phoenix T-bird 85 WDG)

12 to 24 oz/100 gal4.8 to 9.6 oz/100 gal8 to 16 oz/100 gal

10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal0.4 lb/100 gal

Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 7 to 14 days. Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 7 to 14 days.

Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 7 to 14 days.Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 10 to 14 days

thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban 79W)

4 bags/100 gal(24 oz/100 gal)

Repeat at weekly intervals.

triadimefon (Strike) 25WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as needed at first sign of disease. Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals. Not effective for powdery mildew control on verbena.

trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Good eradicant. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Rotate to another fungicide of nonstrobilurin chemistry after each Compass application. Use caution when applying to petunia, violets, and New Guinea impatiens due to possible phytotoxicity.

triflumizole (Terraguard SC) 4 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Use 16 oz/100 gal for initial applications of existing infections. Use 4 to 8 oz/100 gal for subsequent applications and preventative sprays. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal for impatiens transplants. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

496

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 28-day intervals. Do not make more than three sequential applications before switching to a nonstrobilurin fungicide.

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural) 4 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating to another class of fungicide that is not Group 7 or 11.

chlorothalonil(Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable)(Chlorothalonil DF, Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Chlorothalonil 500 ZN)(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG(Echo Ultimate)

1 3/8 pt/100 gal

See label

1.9 pt/100 gal1.4 lb/100 gal

1.25 lb/100 gal

Apply when foliage and flowers are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to hydrangea foliage only. Avoid application during bloom period on plants where flower injury is unacceptable.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal Re-treat at a minimum of 7-day intervals.


cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium) 2 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7 to14 day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications. Cautionary statement on label for applications to Geraniums, Impatiens and New Guinea Impatiens.




fludioxonil (Medallion, WDG, WSP) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease.

flutolanil (Contrast, Prostar) 70WSP 3 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply at 14- to 21-day intervals.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal

Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than four applications per crop per year. Do not use as a soil drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl(26/36)(Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC)


Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Do not make more than four applications per year.Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals.Do not use as a soil drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.




propiconazole (Banner Maxx II) 5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply as needed beginning when conditions are favorable for disease. Apply to full coverage to the point of drip.







12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14 day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.

thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336F)(T-methyl SPC 50WSB), (OHP 6672 50WP)(OHP 6672 4.5F)(T-bird 4.5L)

12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal

10 to 14.5 fl oz/100 gal10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply when disease symptoms first appear. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

thiophanate-methyl + flutolanil (SysStar WDG)

4 to 8 oz/100 gal For best results apply before disease development.

triflumizole (Terraguard SC) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Use the higher rate under heavy disease pressure. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Rhizoctonia Stem and Root Rot

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal (spray)0.2 to 1 oz/100 gal

(drench)

Apply as a preventative spray or drench treatment. Repeat at 7 to 21 days. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal on impatiens.

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural) 5 to 7 oz/100 gal (spray)2 to 3 oz/100 gal

(drench)

Apply 1 to 2 pints of drench solution per square foot surface area every 7 to 28 days.





Apply as a water-based slurry to soil or growing media for preventative control and suppression of root pathogens.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal Spray uniformly over area to be treated. Re-treat at 7-day intervals.

497

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Rhizoctonia Stem and Root Rot (continued)




etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot 40W)(Banrot 8G)


fludioxonil(Medallion WDG, WSP))(Emblem)

See label Apply as a drench at seeding or transplanting. Apply sufficient mix to wet the upper one-half of the growing medium. Make only one application to seedling crop. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens. May cause stunting or chlorosis on some geranium cultivars.

fludioxonil + mefenoxam (Hurricane 48 WP)

See label Apply as a pre-potting or growing media drench per label directions. Labeled for Rhizoctonia and Phytophthora/Pythium root rots and is best used when both diseases are present or suspected.

flutolanil (Contrast, Prostar 70WSP) 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Apply drench at 2 oz per 4-inch pot. Repeat 21 to 28 days after initial application. Make no more than four applications per year.

Gliocladium virens strain GL-21(Soilgard 12G)

see label Naturally occurring soil fungus. Do not use additional soil fungicides at time of incorporation. Avoid use in media totally void of organic matter. OMRI approved.

iprodione (Chipco 26019 N/G)(18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE)

6.5 oz/100 gal13 fl oz/100 gal

Apply 1 to 2 pints per sq ft at seeding or transplanting. Do not apply as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Repeat every 14 days. Do not make more than six applications per year. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.

iprodione + thiophanate-methyl(Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC)

17 to 34 fl oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 2 pints per sq ft at seeding or transplanting. Do not apply as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. Repeat every 10 to 14 days.

PCNB (Terraclor 75WP) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal See label for amount to apply. One repeat application can be made 4 to 6 weeks later, if necessary.

polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP)(Affirm)

1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal0.25 to 0.5 lb/100 gal

Apply as a drench every 14 to 28 days.






thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336 F)

(OHP 6672 50WP)(T-Storm Flowable)

(Incognito 85WDG)(T-methyl SPC 50WSB)(OHP 6672 4.5F, T-bird 4.5L)


8 to 16 oz/100 gal20 fl oz/100 gal

4.8 to 9.6 oz/100 gal8 to 16 oz/100 gal

7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. Apply as a drench at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft after transplanting. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per square foot. Repeat at 4- to 8- week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per square foot. Repeat at 4- to 8- week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per square foot. Repeat at 4- to 8- week intervals.

thiophanate-methyl + flutolanil (SysStar WDG)

2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply according to label directions.





trifloxystrobin (Compass O 50WDG) 0.5 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench to wet upper half of the growing media. Apply at seeding, again at transplanting, and at 21- to 28-day intervals thereafter. May injure petunia, violet, and New Guinea impatiens.

triflumizole (Terraguard SC) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure.

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. The crown and base of the plant and the soil or potting medium surrounding the crown must bethoroughly covered.

Rusts

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at 7- to 28-day intervals. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications of Heritage before alternating with a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Not effective for rust control on Hypericum. Rotate with mancozeb or triflumizole.



2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, prior to the onset of disease. Rhapsody is OMRI listed.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Re-treat at a minimum of 7-day intervals.

498

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Rusts (continued)

chlorothalonil(Chlorothalonil DF)(Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable)(Chlorothalonil DF, Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Chlorothalonil 500 ZN)(Daconil Ultrex 82.5WDG)(Echo 90DF), (Echo Ultimate)

1 to 2.5lb/100 gal1 3/8 pt/100 gal

See label

1.9 pt/100 gal1.4 lb/100 gal

1.25 lb/100 gal

Apply when foliage and flowers are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to hydrangea foliage only. Avoid application during bloom period on plants where flower injury is unacceptable. Chlorothalonil DF can be applied to impatiens.

flutoanil (ProStar 70WP) 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Use as foliar application and repeat every 14 to 21 days. Do not exceed 4 applications per growing season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 7 fungicide.


mancozeb(Dithane 75DF), (Fore 80WSP), (Mancozeb DG)(Pentathlon DF)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gal0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.

Begin application at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.Begin application at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals.

mancozeb + myclobutanil (Clevis, MANhandle)

2 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. The addition of Latron B-1956 will improve performance. In a limited number of trials, gave very good to excellent control of rust on geranium (18 oz/100 gal) and snapdragon (1 lb/100 gal).

myclobutanil(Eagle 20EW)(Eagle 40WP)


Apply on a protectant application schedule at 10- to 14-day intervals. See label for rates to control white rust on chrysanthemum.

neem oil (Triact 70) 1 gal/100 to 200 gal Apply at 7- to 14-day spray intervals. Trial first on open blooms. To control existing disease, apply on a 7-day schedule until disease pressure is eliminated. Not for impatiens, carnation, or hibiscus.

oxycarboxin (Plantvax 75W) 16 to 24 oz/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Repeat at 2-week intervals for a maximum of two to four applications per season.

propiconazole (Banner Maxx II) 5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply as needed beginning when conditions are favorable for disease. Apply to full coverage to the point of drip.






thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336 F)(T-methyl SPC 50WSB)(OHP 6672 4.5F, T-bird 4.5L)(OHP 6672 50WP)


10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal12 to 16 oz/100 gal

Begin applications at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

triadimephon (Strike 25WDG) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray to the point of drip as needed.

triflumizole (Terraguard 50WP) 2 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply prior to, or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Scab, Poinsettia (Sphaceloma)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at 10- to 28-day intervals. Test for phytotoxicity prior to treating entire crop. Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before alternating with a nonstrobilurin fungicide.


copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27) 2.0 to 3.5 oz/100 gal Apply at 7-day intervals.

mancozeb(Dithane 75DF), (Fore 80WSP), (Mancozeb DG)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Spray at first sign of disease. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. May leave a residue.


2 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. The addition of Latron B-1956 will improve performance.

myclobutanil(Eagle 20EW)(Eagle 40WP)


Retreat at 10- to 14-day intervals.

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development.

Sclerotinia Blight (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal (directed spray)

1 oz/100 gal (drench)

Apply as a directed spray every 7 to 21 days.

Apply as a drench every 7 to 28 days.

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural) 5 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply as a directed spray every 7 to 21 days.

499

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Sclerotinia Blight (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) (continued)

chlorothalonil(Chlorothalonil 500 ZN)(Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable)(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG(Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate)

1.9 pt/100 gal1.37 pt/100 gal

1 3/8 pt/100 gal1.4 lb/100 gal

1.25 lb/100 gal

Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Applications made during bloom may damage flowers.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when both foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Repeat at 7-day intervals. Do not use on Swedish ivy, Boston fern, or Easter cactus.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium) 2 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7-14 day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications.

fenhexamid (Decree 50WDG) 0.75 to 1.5 lb/100 gal Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Maintain agitation during application. May cause phytotoxicity on poinsettia bracts.


iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (Dovetail, Nufarm TM + IP SPC)

17 to 34 fl oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 2 pints per sq ft at seeding or transplanting. Do not apply as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. Repeat every 10 to 14 days.

pyraclostrobin (Empress Intrinsic) 1 to 6 fl oz/100 gal (see label)

Apply at 1 to 3 fl oz for plants in propagation, rooted cuttings, plugs and seedlings and at 2 to 6 fl oz to all other plants. Do not apply to dry soil media. Apply preventative to disease with sequential at 7 to 28 days after the first application if needed.

PCNB (Terraclor) 75WP See label Apply as a drench or bulb soak according to label directions.



thiophanate-methyl(OHP 6672 4.5F, T-bird 4.5L)(Cleary 3336 F)(OHP 6672 50WP)(T-Storm Flowable)(Incognito 85WDG)(T-methyl SPC 50WSB)(Phoenix T-bird 85 WDG)

7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal8 to 16 oz/100 gal

20 fl oz/100 gal4.8 to 9.6 oz/100 gal8 to 16 oz/100 gal

0.4 to 0.8 lb/100 gal

Apply as a drench or heavy spray at the rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Apply at 4- to 8- week intervals.

Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at the rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Apply at 2- to 4- week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at the rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at the rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at the rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. The stem areas of the plant must be thoroughly covered using spray to runoff.

Thielaviopsis Root Rot: See Black root rot.

Further Information — Entomology and Plant Pathology Disease Notes may be accessed at: www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamentals/Ornamental_contents.html. Printed copies are also available at each county Cooperative Extension center.

Disease Control for Forest, Christmas, and Ornamental TreesSara M. Villani, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology


Table 10-12. Disease Control for Forest, Christmas, and Ornamental TreesCROPDisease Material Rate Method Schedule Remarks

Ash

Anthracnose thiophanate-methyl(AllBan Flo)(Cleary 3336)

10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal

foliar spray Three to four applications at 14-day intervals.

FRAC GROUP 1

First application at bud break.

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex 82.5 WDG)(Daconil Weather Stick)

1.4 lb/100 gal1 3/8 pt /100 gal

foliar sprayfoliar spray

Repeat in 7 to 14 days when conditions favor disease.

metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease.

FRAC GROUP 3

mancozeb(Dithane 75DF Rainshield)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal foliar spray Repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals.

Begin at first sign of disease

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 8 to 16 oz/100gal foliar spray Repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals as needed

FRAC GROUP 11Use for preventative applications only. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non Group 11 fungicide.

500

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Ash (continued)


18 oz./100 gal foliar spray Repeat applications 7 to14 days as needed

FRAC GROUP 11 + 7

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad(Orkestra)

8 to 10 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Preventative applications every 7 to 14 days

FRAC GROUP 11 + 7

tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease.

FRAC GROUP 3

Crabapple

Fire blight acibenzolar-s-methyl (Actigard 50WG)

see label see label Apply 2-3 applications between 20% bloom and petal fall.

Systemic acquired inducer. Apply in tank mixture with streptomycin.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747 (DoubleNickel LC)

0.5 to 6 qt/100 gal foliar spray Apply 2 to 3 applications between 20% bloom and petal fall.

Systemic acquired inducer. Apply in tank mixture with streptomycin or a copper product. OMRI listed.

Bacillus mycoides(LifeGard WG)

4.5 oz/100 gal foliar application

Begin prior to bloom then apply 2 to 3 applications between 20% and petal fall

Systemic acquired inducerOMRI approvedIf no prebloom applications made, then apply in tank mixture with a standard fire blight bactericide

Bacillus subtilis (Serenade Max)

2 to 3 lb/A Foliar spray See label Begin applications at 5% bloom and continue to protect open, untreated blossoms. OMRI listed.

copper octanoate(Cueva)

2 to 3 qt/A foliar spray Repeat applications every 7 to 10 days until approximately 1 month after petal fall.

Can be phytotoxic after bud break.OMRI approved.


1.5 to 6 pt/A1.5 to 5 lb/A

foliar spray Repeat applications every 7 to 10 days until approximately 1 month after petal fall.

Can be phytotoxic after bud break. Use 4.5 to 6 pt/A (or 5 lb/A) rate one time only prior to the tight cluster stage. Use 1.5pt/A (or 1.5 to 2 lb/A) rate from after tight cluster. Badge X2 is OMRI listed.

Reynautria sachalinensis extract

1 to 2 qt/A foliar spray 3 to 7 days starting at petal fall if conditions favorable for shoot blight infection

For suppression of fire blight only. Use prior to predicted infection events.

streptomycin (Agri-mycin 17) 50 to 100 ppm foliar spray Three to five applications starting at 20% to 30% bloom. Refer to forecasting models.

Spray every 10 to 14 days.

Rusts (cedar apple rust, quince rust, hawthorn rust)

mancozeb(Dithane 75DF, Rainshield)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal foliar spray Repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals.

Begin preventatively at tight cluster and continue through petal fall. Monitor throughout summer.

Myclobutanil(Eagle 20EW)

20 fl oz/A foliar spray Repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals

FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments at tight cluster stage and continue through petal fall. Monitor throughout summer.

cyprodinil + difenoconazole (Inspire Super)

12 fl oz/A foliar spray Repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals.

FRAC GROUPS 3 + 9Begin preventative treatments at tight cluster stage and continue through petal fall. Monitor throughout summer.

flutriafol (Rhyme) 4 to 6 fl oz/A foliar spray Repeat at 10 day intervals. FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments at tight cluster stage and continue through petal fall. Monitor throughout summer.

propiconazole (Topaz) See label foliar spray See label FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments at tight cluster stage and continue through petal fall. Monitor throughout summer.

Rusts (cedar apple rust, quince rust, hawthorn rust) (continued)

tebuconazole (Toledo 45WP) 4 to 8 oz/A foliar spray Repeat applications 7 to 10 days as needed

FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments at tight cluster/pink stage and continue through petal fall. Monitor throughout summer.

triflumazole (Procure 480SC) 8 to 16 fl oz/A foliar spray Every 7 to 10 days. FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments at tight cluster/pink stage and continue through petal fall. Monitor throughout summer.

Apple scab, powdery mildew (rates and timings are given for apple scab, see label for powdery mildew).

benzovindiflupyr (Aprovia) 5.5 to 7 fl oz/A foliar spray Apply every 7 to 10 days FRAC GROUP 7Begin preventative treatments starting at tight cluster and continue through petal fall. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non Group 7 fungicide.

flutriafol (Topguard) 13 fl oz/A foliar spray Apply every 7 to 10 days FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments starting at tight cluster and continue through petal fall. Monitor for disease throughout summer.

501

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Crabapple (continued)

Apple scab, powdery mildew(continued)

fuxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin(Orkestra)

4 to 8 fl oz/A foliar spray Apply every 7 to 10 days FRAC GROUPS 7 + 11Begin preventative treatments starting at tight cluster and continue through petal fall. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide.

Myclobutanil(Rally 40WSP)(Eagle 20EW)

3 oz/50 gal20 fl oz/A

foliar sprayApply every 10 to 14 days.Apply every 7 to 10 days

FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments starting at tight cluster and continue through petal fall. Monitor for disease throughout summer.

propiconazole (Banner MAXX II)


foliar spray Every 14 to 21 days as needed.

FRAC GROUP 3Begin preventative treatments starting at tight cluster and continue through petal fall. Monitor for disease throughout summer.

chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert II)

9 to 35 fl oz/100 gal (see label for specific

rate instructions)

foliar spray Every 14 to 21 days FRAC GROUPS M5 + 3See label for additional details


6 to 12 oz./100 gal foliar spray Repeat applications 7 to14 days as needed

FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7


FRAC GROUP 3

trifloxystrobin (Flint) 2 to 2.5 oz/A foliar spray Every 7 to 14 days. FRAC GROUP 11Begin preventative treatments starting at tight cluster and continue through petal fall. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non Group 11 fungicide

Crapemyrtle

Cercospora leaf spot

azoxystrobin (Heritage 50 W)

4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days. FRAC GROUP 11

azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (Mural)

4 to 7 oz/100 gal Foliar spray Apply every 7 to 21 days. FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7Do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating to another class of fungicide that is not Group 7 or 11.

fluoxstrobin (Disarm 480SC) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal Foliar spray Every 7 to 28 days FRAC GROUP 11

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin(Orkestra Intrinsic)

8 to 10 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUPS 7 + 11

horticultural oil (Ultra-Pure Oil)

See label foliar spray See label.


FRAC GROUP 3



FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Every 7 to 14 days. FRAC GROUP 3Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Powdery mildew azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 W

4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Preventative sprays at 7- to 28-day intervals.

FRAC GROUP 11


22 – 35 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Every 14 to 21 days FRAC GROUPS M5 + 3See label for details

Fenarimol (Rubigan A.S.) 6 to 10 fl oz foliar spray Apply every 10 to 14 days as needed.

FRAC GROUP 3

Metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease.

FRAC GROUP 3

Myclobutanil (Eagle20EW) 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals.

FRAC GROUP 3

Potassium bicarbonate (MilStop)

2 to 5 lb/A foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days OMRI listed

propiconazole (Banner Maxx II)

5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray See label FRAC GROUP 3



FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad(Orkestra Intrinsic)

6 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat applications 7 to14 days as needed

FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

Sulfur (Micro Sulf) 3 to 10 lb/100 gal foliar spray Repeat every 5 to 10 days FRAC GROUP M2Begin with onset of disease

502

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Crapemyrtle (continued)

Powdery mildew (continued)

triadimefon (Bayleton 50) See label. foliar spray See label FRAC GROUP 3

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Every 7 to 14 days. FRAC GROUP 3Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Root rot (Phytophthora spp.)

cyazofamid (Segway) 3 to 6 fl oz/100 gal soil drench 14 to 21 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action.

FRAC GROUP 21

fosetyl-AL (Aliette) WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal2.5 to 5 lb/100 gal

dipfoliar (spray

to wet)

Before transplanting30-day minimum interval

FRAC GROUP 33Thoroughly wet plant and root mass immediately before transplanting.

mefenoxam (Subdue MAXX) Seedlings:1.25 pt/50 gal

2-0 transplants:2.5 pt/50 gal

directed soil spray over

beds

Spring and fall (every 6 months).

FRAC GROUP 4Apply 0.5 to 1 inch of water after application, if rain is not expected within 3 days.


See label for rates Apply as a soil drench

or foliar spray as a preventive

FRAC GROUP 33


12 to 18 oz/100 gal Soil drench Repeat applications 14 to 28 days as needed

FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7


8 to 10 fl oz/100 gal soil drench Repeat applications 7 to 28 days as needed

FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

Dogwood

Anthracnose (Discula)

azoxystrobin (Heritage 50 WG)

1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days. FRAC GROUP 11To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than three sequential applications before rotating with nonstrobilurin products.

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex 82.5 WDG)

1.4 lb/100 gal foliar spray Repeat every 7 to 14 days when conditions favor disease.

FRAC GROUP M5Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in fall before leaf drop may also be advisable.


9 to 17 fl oz/100 gal 35 fl oz/100 gal

foliar spray Apply every 14 daysApply every 28 days

FRAC GROUPS M5 + 3See label for additional details.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUPS M3 + 1See label for additional details.

mancozeb (Dithane, Fore, Mancozeb DG)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 lb

foliar spray Spray every 10 to 14 days from bud break until mid-summer.

FRAC GROUP M3Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in fall before leaf drop may also be advisable.


FRAC GROUP 3

myclobutanil (Immunox)(Eagle 20EW)

oz/100 gal1 fl oz/gal


foliar spray Spray every 14 days.Spray every 10 to 14 days

FRAC GROUP 3Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in fall before leaf drop may also be advisable.

propiconazole (Banner MAXX, Banner MAXX II)

2 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar sprayApply every 14 to 28 days from bud break to mid-summer.

FRAC GROUP 3Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in fall before leaf drop may also be advisable. Apply 8 fl oz/100 gal rate every 28 days, or 2 to 4 fl oz/100 gal rate every 14 days.


FRAC GROUP 3

thiophanate-methyl + propiconazole (Protocol)

4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal16 fl oz/100 gal

foliar spray Apply every 14 daysApply every 28 days

FRAC GROUPS 1 + 3See label for additional application instructions.

trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUP 11Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.

Powdery mildew azoxystrobin (Heritage 50 WG)

1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days as needed.

FRAC GROUP 11Do not make more than two sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label.


4 to 7 oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 21 days FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before rotating to a non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide.


22 – 35 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Every 14 to 21 days FRAC GROUPS M5 + 3See label for additional details

503

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Dogwood (continued)

Powdery mildew(continued)

fenarimol (Rubigan A.S.) 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 10 to 14 days FRAC GROUP 3


FRAC GROUP 3

myclobutanil(Eagle 20 EW) 6 to 12 fl oz/gall foliar spray Apply every 10 to 14 days.

FRAC GROUP 3

petroleum distillate: horticultural oil (Sunspray 11 E)

1 gal/100 gal foliar spray Spray at 14-day intervals.

potassium bicarbonate (MilStop)

2 to 5 lb/A foliar spray Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Begin applications at first sign of disease. See label for tank mixing considerations. OMRI listed.

propiconazole Banner MAXX II) 5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal

foliar spray Spray every 21 days in spring.

FRAC GROUP 3


6 to 12 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat applications 7 to14 days as needed

FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

sulfur (Micro Sulf) 3 to 10 lb/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 5 to 10 days FRAC GROUP M2Begin when disease first appears


triadimefon (Bayleton FLO) 5.5 fl oz/275 to 550 gal foliar spray Repeat applications as needed

FRAC GROUP 3

trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

FRAC GROUP 11Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.

thiophanate-methyl + chlorothalonil (Spectro 90 WDG)

2 lb/100 gal foliar spray Minimum repeat interval is 7 days.

FRAC GROUPS 1 + M5Protective and curative activity.

thiophanate-methyl + propiconazole (Protocol)

10-16 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 14 daysApply every 28 days

FRAC GROUPS 1 + 3

triflumizol (Terraguard SC) 16 fl oz/100 gal4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal

foliar spray Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

FRAC GROUP 3Use 16 fl oz/100 gal rate only for initial application if disease is present. For subsequent and protective applications use lower rates.

triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 14 days. FRAC GROUP 3Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Root rot(Phytophthora spp.)


FRAC GROUP 21

fosetyl-AL (Aliette WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal2.5 to 5 lb/100 gal

dipfoliar (spray

to wet)


FRAC GROUP 33


See label. Can be applied as a drench or soil surface

spray. Consult label for specific crops and

applications.

Every 2 to 3 months. FRAC GROUP 4FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE IS POSSIBLE. Do not apply rates of 2 fl oz more often than every 10 weeks.

metalaxyl (Metalazyl 2E AG) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal drench Repeat every 2 to 3 months FRAC GROUP 4Apply 1 pt of solution per square foot

oxathiapiprolin (Segovis) See label drench See label. FRAC GROUP U15Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a fungicide with a different mode of action.


See label for rates Apply as a soil drench

or foliar spray as a preventive.

See label FRAC GROUP 33


12 to 18 oz./100 gal soil drench Repeat applications 14 to 28 days as needed

FRAC GROUP 11 + 7

Spot anthracnose(Elsinoe)Septoria leaf spot

azoxystrobin (Heritage 50 WG)


Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label.

504

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Dogwood (continued)

Spot anthracnose(Elsinoe)Septoria leaf spot (continued)


4 to 7 oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 21 days Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before rotating to a non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide.

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days as needed.

mancozeb (Dithane, Fore, Mancozeb DG) (Protect DF)

See label foliar spray First spray as buds break in spring. Second as petals fall. Third in midsummer.Fourth when predormant (after flower buds are well formed).

FRAC GROUP M3See label as rate varies by product.

myclobutanil(Immunox)(Eagle 20EW)

1 fl oz/gal6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal

foliar spray Spray every 14 days.Spray every 10 to 14 days.

FRAC GROUP 3


2 to 5 lb/A foliar spray Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Begin applications at first sign of disease. See label for tank mixing considerations. OMRI listed.



FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7


FRAC GROUP 3

Eastern Cedar

Annosus root rot(Fomes annosus)

See PINE

Phomopsis needle blight

azoxystrobin (Heritage)50 WG


FRAC GROUP 11Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label.


4 to 7 oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 21 days FRAC GROUP 11 + 7

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Orkestra Intrinsic)

8 to 10 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days as needed

FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7Apply preventatively when conditions are favorable for disease development

thiophanate methyl(AllBan Flo)(Cleary 3336) F


foliar spray Beginning when disease appears or during suspected periods of disease incidence, apply every 7 to 14 days.

FRAC GROUP 1

Elm

Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma ulmi)

All treatments listed must be followed for effective prevention of disease on highly valued trees.1. Sanitation—cut down and destroy diseased trees and dead limbs.

2. Elm bark beetle control.

3. SMDC (Vapam) - kills root grafts

1 gal SMCD/3 gal water6 oz/hole

Pour in 1-in.diameter

holes15 in. deep,

spaced 6 to 9 in. apart in a line between healthy and

diseased trees

Apply with first appearance of disease.

Not closer than 20 ft from healthy tree. Soil temperature above 50 degrees F. Professional applicators only.

4. Systemic chemical prevention:propiconazole (Alamo)thiabendazole (Arbortect 20S)

See label

root flare injection

See label

5. Therapeutic treatment:propiconazole (Alamo)thiabendazole (Arbortect)

See label See label

Fraser Fir

Botrytis seedling blight

chlorothalonil (Bravo Ultrex) 1.4 to 2.5 lb/A foliar Apply every 7 to 14 days Make additional applications to nursery beds when seedlings are 4 inches tall at 7- to 14-day intervals as long as favorable conditions persist.


pyraclostrobin + boscalid 12 to 18 oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

thiophanate methyl (Cleary 3336 F)

12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal foliar Apply at first sign of disease. Tank mix combination with chlorothalonil is recommended.

505

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Fraser Fir (continued)

Damping-off, post-plant

mefenoxam (Subdue MAXX) +thiophanate methyl (Cleary 3336 F)

0.25 fl oz +

12 fl oz/100 galapply 2 pt/sq ft

drench Apply at first sign of disease. FRAC GROUPS 4 + 1


FRAC GROUP 4

Diplodia tip blight, Lophodermium needlecast, Swiss needlecast

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 WG IF GROWN AS ORNAMENTAL

azoxystrobin (Aframe) IF GROWN AS CHRISTMAS TREE

3.2 to 8 fl oz/acre

6 to 15.5 fl oz/acre

foliar spray

foliar spray


Spray every 7 to 21 days

FRAC GROUP 11To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating with nonstrobilurin products.

To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating with nonstrobilurin products.

Phytophthora root rot


FRAC GROUP 21Irrigate with at least ½ inch of water if rainfall does not occur within 24 hrs. For container plants, check label for recommended maximum drench volume based on pot diameter.

fosetyl-AL (Aliette WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal

2.5 to 5 lb/100 gal/acre

dip

foliar (spray to wet)

Before transplanting

30-day minimum interval

FRAC GROUP 33Thoroughly wet plant and root mass immediately before transplanting.Field-grown trees in plantations.

mefenoxam (Subdue MAXX) 1.5 pt/acre/50 gal/ acre

2.5 pt/acre/50 gal/acre0.63 to 1.25 gal/50

gal/acre

drenchdrench

directed soil spray

MAXX: May and SeptemberFRAC GROUP 4Do not apply to fir growing on bottomlands or poorly drained soils, or near surface water. Seed beds or plug plantings.2-0 transplants.Field-grown trees in plantations.

(Subdue GR) 6 to 30 lb/acre16 to 20 lb/acre

50 to 250 lb/acre

broadcastbroadcastbroadcast

GR: once in spring and again in fall

Seed beds.2-0 transplants.Field-grown trees in plantations. Apply 0.5 to 1 inch water after application if rain is not expected within 3 days.

oxathiapiprolin (Segovis) 0.6 to 2.4 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray 5 to 14 day application interval

FRAC GROUP U15Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to non-U15 fungicide


See label for rates Soil drench or foliar spray.

FRAC GROUP 33Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive

Hemlock

Twig rust(Melampsora farlowii)

triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 WSP

5.5 oz/68.75 to 137.5 gal

foliar spray Begin at bud break and continue every 14 days until growth stops.

FRAC GROUP 3

Leyland Cypress

Needle blight (Passalora, Cercosporidium)

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal foliar spray 7 to 10 days intervals Begin scouting last year’s infection sites for sporulation (tufts of olive green spores) in mid-May to mid-June. At the first sign of sporulation, make 2 applications of a systemic fungicide at 14-day intervals. Follow with 1 or 2 applications of a protectant fungicide (Daconil, Fore, Kocide, Badge, Rainshield) applied at 7-day intervals. In early August, scout trees for new infections. If sporulation is observed, re-treat with 1 application of a systemic fungicide 14 days later with 2 applications of a protectant applied at 7-day intervals.

copper hydroxide(Kocide 3000)

0.75 to 1.75 lb/A foliar spray 7 to 30 day intervals

copper hydroxide + copper oxychloride (Badge SC)

3 to 6 pt/A foliar spray 7 to 14 day intervals

mancozeb (Fore) WSP (Rainshield)

1.5 lb/100 gal foliar spray 7 to 10 day intervals

myclobutanil(Eagle 20EW)

6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray 10 to 14 day intervals

Diplodia tip blight, Lophodermium needlecast, Swiss needlecast

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 WG IF GROWN AS ORNAMENTAL

azoxystrobin (Aframe) IF GROWN AS CHRISTMAS TREE

3.2 to 8 oz/acre


foliar spray

foliar spray


Spray every 7 to 21 days

FRAC GROUP 11To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating with nonstrobilurin products.

To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating with nonstrobilurin products..


7 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 21 days FRAC GROUP 11 + 7

Longleaf Pine

Brown spot(Scirrhia acicola)

Bordeaux mixture (copper sulfate, lime, and water 8-8-100)

60 gal/acre foliar spray Spray at 10- to 14-dayinterval after emergence of seedlings until July 1.

506

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Maple

Anthracnose azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 WG

1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Two to three applications at 14 to 28 days.

FRAC GROUP 11First application at bud break. Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label.

chlorothalonil (Echo 720) 1.375 pt/100 gal foliar spray Repeat every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUP M5

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 8 to 16 oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUP 11Do not make more than two sequential applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicides



FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7



FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

thiophanate methyl(AllBan Flo)(Cleary 3336) F


foliar spray Three to four applications at10- to 14-day intervals.

FRAC GROUP 1Make first application at bud break.

triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 14 days. FRAC GROUP 3Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development.

Oak

Anthracnose See MAPLE

Leaf spot propiconazole (Banner MAXX II)Bumper ES)

16 fl oz/100 gal6 fl oz/100 gal

foliar spray Apply every 14 to 28 days. FRAC GROUP 3Apply as needed.


1.5 to 2 pt/A foliar spray 7 to 14 day intervals FRAC GROUP M1See label for use of higher rates.


FRAC GROUP 3

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 8 to 16 oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 7 to 14 days FRAC GROUP 11Do not make more than two sequential applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicides



FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7D

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad(Orkestra)


FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

triticonazole (Trinity 19SC) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 14 days. FRAC GROUP 3Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Wilt (Ceratocystis)

propiconazole (Alamo) See label Root flareinjection

See label. FRAC GROUP 3

Pine

Annosus root rot(Fomes annosus)

Borax, dry granular(sodium tetraborate decahydrate)

1 lb/50 sq ft of stump surface OR liberally cover stump sur face

Sprinkle liberally on fresh-cut

stump

Immediately after felling tree. To prevent infection from freshly cut stumps.

Fusiform rust(Cronartiumfusiforme)

triadimefon (Bayleton 50 DF) 4 to 16 oz/acre foliar spray Begin application before infection. Repeat at 2- to 3-week intervals as needed. Use higher rate in high hazard areas.

FRAC GROUP 3

myclobutanil (Eagle 20EW) 12 to 18 fl oz/A foliar spray Apply at 2 to 3 week intervals

FRAC GROUP 3Begin applications before infection in early spring. Add spray adjuvant for enhanced disease control.

prothioconazole (Proline 480SC)

5 fl oz/A See label 14 to 21 days FRAC GROUP 3

Phytophthora root rot


FRAC GROUP 21Irrigate with at least ½ inch of water if rainfall does not occur within 24 hrs. For container plants, check label for recommended maximum drench volume based on pot diameter.

fosetyl-AL (Aliette WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal2.5 to 5 lb/acre

dipfoliar (spray

to wet)


FRAC GROUP 33Thoroughly wet plant and root mass immediately before transplanting. Field-grown trees in plantations.

507

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Pine (continued)

Phytophthora root rot (continued)


See label. Can be applied as a drench or soil surface

spray. Consult label for specific crops and

applications.

Every 2 to 3 months. FRAC GROUP 4FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE IS POSSIBLE. Do not apply rates of 2 fl oz more often than every 10 weeks.



FRAC GROUP 33

Scotch and White Pine

Needle blight (Lophoderimum pinastri)

maneb (Pentathlon DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 10 daysAugust 15 to October 1.

Sycamore

Anthracnose chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex 82.5 WDG)

1.4 lb/100 gal foliar spray FRAC GROUP M3Spray at budswell and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals during cool, moist weather.

copper hydroxide (Champ WG)(Kocide 3000)

2 to 4 lb/100 gal0.75 to 1.25 lb/100 gal

foliar spray 7 to 10 days FRAC GROUP M1Make first application at bud crack and second application 7 to 10 days later at leaf expansion


0.75 to 2.5 pt/100 gal foliar spray 7 to 10 days FRAC GROUP M1Make first application at bud crack and second application 7 to 10 days later at leaf expansion

Copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.5 to 1.0 pt/A foliar spray 7 to 10 days FRAC GROUP M1Make first application at bud crack and second application 7 to 10 days later at leaf expansion


FRAC GROUP 3

Propiconazole (Strider) 5 to 8.5 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray FRAC GROUP 3



FRAC GROUPS 11 + 7

thiophanate methyl + mancozeb (Zyban) 70 WSB

4 bags/100 gal foliar spray FRAC GROUPS 1 + M3Spray at budswell and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals during cool, moist weather.

Thiophanate methyl(Cleary 3336) F

12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray FRAC GROUP 1Spray at budswell and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals during cool, moist weather.

Triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 14 days. FRAC GROUP 3Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development.

Powdery mildew See Crabapple

Further InformationAll the following Plant Pathology Information Notes can be accessed from http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/ornamental_contents.html.

Diseases of Leyland Cypress, Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 17.

Dutch Elm Disease. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 18.

Holly Diseases and Their Control in the Landscape, Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 7.

Phytophthora Root Rot and Its Control on Established Woody Ornamentals. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 13.

Powdery Mildew of Ornamentals and Shade Trees. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 4.

Scorch Disease on Shade Trees, Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 10.

Some Common Pecan Diseases and Their Control in North Carolina. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 3.

Some Common Pine Diseases in North Carolina Landscapes and Their Control. Plant Pathology Information Note No. 192.

Dogwood Diseases. Plant Pathology Information Note No. 23.

508

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Commercial Landscape and Nursery Crops Disease ControlAnyone using any agricultural chemical should refer to the current chemical label, which contains information about the safe and effective use of the chemical, before using the chemical.

Table 10-13. Commercial Landscape and Nursery Crops Disease ControlDISEASEPesticide and Formulation

Rate of Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum, Gleosporium, Elsinoe, Marssonina, Mycosphaerella, and others)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 28 days. Apply at the first sign of disease. Should not be applied to certain plant species; see label. Do not apply to apple or flowering cherry trees. May cause phytotoxicity on certain crabapple cultivars. See label.


4 to 7 oz/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 14 days. Do not apply to apple or flowering cherry trees. May cause phytotoxicity on certain crabapple cultivars. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to non-Group 7 or a non-Group 11 fungicide.

Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease)

2 to 8 qt/100 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 7-day intervals.


0.5 to 6 qt/100 gal Begin preventative applications at plant emergence and repeat every 3 to 28 days depending on disease pressure. OMRI listed.

Chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG(Daconil WeatherStik) 54F

1.4 lb/100 gal1.375 pt/100 gal

Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Chlorothalonil + propiconazole (Concert II)

9 to 35 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a full coverage spray. Reapply at 14- to 21-day intervals. Refer to label for specific rate and application instructions.

Chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90WDG

1 to 2 lb/100 gal Repeat applications at 7- to 21-day intervals, according to label. See label for maximum seasonal application rules.

Copper hydroxide(Champ WG)(Nu-Cop) 50DF(CuPRO 2005)

0.5 lb/100 gal1 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal


.

copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide(Badge SC)

(Badge X2)

1.5-6 pt/A (high)1.5-2 pt/A (low)

1.5 to 5 lb/A (high)1.5 to 2 lb/A (low)

High rates should only be used during dormancy. Use lower rate (1.5 to 2 pt/A or 1.5 to 2 lb/A) when new growth is present. Repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. Badge X2 is OMRI listed. Do not mix with Aliette.

copper hydroxide + mancozeb(Junction)

1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Phytotoxicity may occur. Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Copper octanoate (Camelot O)

0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species.

Copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27)

See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum.

Cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium)

2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease evelopment. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications

mancozeb(Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, (Mancozeb DG)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Repeat application on 7- to 10-day intervals. Use of a spreader sticker will improve performance.

Repeat application on 7- to 10-day intervals.Repeat application on 7- to 21-day intervals. Use of a spreader sticker will improve performance.

Metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease

polyoxin D zinc salt (Affirm) 0.25 to 0.5 lb/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 10 days when conditions favor disease.

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 8 to 16 oz/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 14 days when conditions favor disease. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.




thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo)

(Cleary 3336) F(SysTec 1998) FL

10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal


Apply as buds break or at first sign of disease. Repeat application on 7- to 14-day intervals.

thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban) WSB

24 oz (4 bags) /100 gal

Apply at 7-day intervals.

triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Spray every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development.

Bacterial Leaf Spot (Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas)





509

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Bacterial Leaf Spot (Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas) (continued)

copper hydroxide(Champ WG)(Nu-Cop) 50DF(CuPRO 2005)

0.5 lb/100 gal1 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal


.


1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide (Badge SC)

(Badge X2)

1.5-6 pt/A (high)1.5-2 pt/A (low)


High rates should only be used during dormancy. Use lower rate (1.5 to 2 pt/A or 1.5 to 2 lb/A) when new growth is present. Repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. Badge X2 is OMRI listed. Do not mix with Aliette.


cuprous oxide (Nordox 75WG)

0.66 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease and repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals.

copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27, Phyton 35)

See label



Apply starting at week 3 or earlier if conditions are favorable for disease. Use a watering device to sprench the top and bottom of the leaves and stems, avoiding flowers in full bloom, every 14 days to prevent the spread of spores and the build-up of organic material. Remove severely infected plants and disinfect the area with 1.0 fl. oz. KleenGrow per gallon of water.

Black Root Rot (Thielaviopsis basicola)

etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl(Banrot) 8G

(Banrot) 40WP

Broadcast 8 to 12 lb/1,000 sq ft

6 to 12 oz/100 gal

After application, rake in or lightly cultivate soil.

Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if necessary. Protects against Thielaviopsis and Pythium but is not as effective against Thielaviopsis as thiophanate-methyl-only products that have a higher concentration of active ingredient.

fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench at transplanting as a preventive. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens.

thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo)(Cleary 3336) F, (3336) F

(OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB(SysTec 1998) FL (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L)


12 to 16 oz/100 gal


Apply as a heavy spray or drench at the rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.Apply 1 to 3 pt/sq ft after transplanting to thoroughly soak growing medium. Repeat at 21-to 28-day intervals.

Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.

triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 1 to 4 oz Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. For use in greenhouses, shadehouses, and nurseries.

Black Rot of Bulb Crops (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)

PCNB(Terraclor)(Revere) 10G

5 to 9.75 fl oz/100 gal40 lb/sq ft

Spread evenly on soil and mix into upper 6 to 7 in. of soil.


(Cleary 3336) F

(OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB(SysTec 1998) FL, OHP 6672 (4.5L)

10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal


12 to 16 oz/100 gal

20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period.

Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period.

Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.

Black Spot-Rose (Diplocarpon rosae)


2 to 8 qt/100 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 7-day intervals.



azoxystrobin (Heritage) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply on 7-day interval if disease conditions are favorable. If disease is severe, mix with another registered fungicide for black spot control. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.

Captan (Captec 4L) 1 qt/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Repeat 7 to 10 day intervals.

Chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG(Echo) 90DF

1 lb/100 gal0.875 lb/100 gal

Apply at bud break. Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. Knockout roses are sensitive to chlorothalonil.

mancozeb (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days.

myclobutanil (Eagle 20EW) 6 to 12 fl oz Apply on 7 to 10 day protectant schedule. Some greenhouse varieties are sensitive to myclobutanil.

paraffinic oil (Organic JMS Stylet Oil)

1 to 2 oz/gal See label regarding application instructions and phytotoxicity warnings (with captan). OMRI listed.


5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply with contact fungicide labeled for black spot

510

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Black Spot-Rose (Diplocarpon rosae) (continued)

propiconazole + cholorothalonil (Concert II)

22-35 fl oz/100 gal Apply with contact fungicide labeled for black spot

Sulfur (Kumulus DF) see label Apply when disease first appears and continue at 5 to 10 day intervals.

Tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease.

Thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo)

(Cleary 3336) F

(OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL, (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L)

10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal


12 to 16 oz/100 gal

20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period.

Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period.


Thiophanate-methyl + chlorothalonil (Spectro 90WDG)

1 to 1.5 lb/100 gal 7 to 14 day reapplication interval.

Thiophanate-methyl + propiconazole (Protocol)

10 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply in tank mixture with contact fungicide registered for black spot.

thiophanate-methyl + iprodione (26/36 Fungicide)

33 to 84 fl oz/100 gal Do not make more than 4 applications per year.


24 oz (4 bags)/100 gal

Apply at 7-day intervals.

trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.

Botrytis Blight (Gray Mold)





azoxystrobin (Heritage) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply for suppression only. Repeat at 7- to 21-day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide


4 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Do not apply to apple or flowering cherry trees. May cause phytotoxicity on certain crabapple cultivars. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to non-Group 7 or a non-Group 11 fungicide.

copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide(Badge SC)

(Badge X2)

1.5-6 pt/A (high)1.5-2 pt/A (low)


High rates should only be used during dormancy. Use lower rate (1.5 to 2 pt/A or 1.5 to 2 lb/A) when new growth is present. Repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. May cause discoloration in some azalea varieties. Badge X2 is OMRI listed. Do not mix with Aliette.

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex, Daconil Weatherstik)

1.4 lb/100 gal Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Palladium)

4 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7- to14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications. See cautionary statement on label for applications to Geraniums, Impatiens and New Guinea Impatiens.

fenhexamide (Decree) See label Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications of product.

fluoxastrobin (Decree 480SC) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply prior to infection. Repeat at 7- to 21-day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.

fludioxonil (Medallion) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications of Medallion before rotating to another effective product with a different mode of action.

iprodione (Chipco 26GT)(18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE)

1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal

Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Limit total applications to a maximum of 4 per year.

Iprodione + thiophanate methyl (26/36 Fungicide)


mancozeb (Dithane, Fore, Mancozeb)

1.5 lb/100 gal Addition of a nonionic surfactant will improve performance. Re-treat at 7- to 10-day intervals.

metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease



Cylindrocladium Stem Canker or Root Rot

chlorothalonil(Chlorothalonil DF)(Chlorothalonil 500ZN)(Chlorothalonil 720 SFT)(Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6F)(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG(Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate)(Exotherm Termil)

See label1.9 pt/100 gal

1.37 pt/100 gal1 3/8 pt/100 gal

1.4 lb/100 gal1.25 lb/100 gal

1 can/1,000 sq ft

Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to foliage when plants are dry or nearly dry.

See label for method of application.

511

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Cylindrocladium Stem Canker or Root Rot (continued)


1.0 to 2.15 lb per 100 gallons

For best results use spray mixture the same day it is prepared. Spray uniformly over the area to be treated with a properly calibrated power sprayer, apply as a full coverage spray to run-off when conditions are favorable for disease development.


5 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Do not apply to apple or flowering cherry trees. May cause phytotoxicity on certain crabapple cultivars. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to non-Group 7 or a non-Group 11 fungicide.


2 to 4 oz/100 gal For stem diseases ensure full spray coverage of all stems and inner areas of the plant to the soil/media. Apply on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications. No drench applications on label.

fludioxonil (Medallion) 50WSP 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. Two applications per year when conditions favor disease development are usually adequate for control.



thiophanate-methyl(AllBan Flo)(Cleary 3336) F

(OHP-6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL(T-Storm Flowable), (OHP 6672) 4.5L


12 to 16 oz/100 gal


Apply as drench or heavy spray at 0.5 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply 8 oz after seeding or sticking, or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting as a drench or directed spray at a rate that thoroughly soaks the growing media through the root zone. Repeat every 21 to 28 days.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 3 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.

Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.

triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W See label Can be used as a cutting soak or soil drench.

Daylily Leaf Streak (Aureobasidium microstictum)

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG

1.4 lb/100 gal Apply early in the spring as new growth emerges and before disease symptoms appear. Make three to four applications at 14-day intervals.

mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Apply early in the spring as new growth emerges and before disease symptoms appear. Make three to four applications at 14-day intervals.

thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336) F

12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply early in the spring as new growth emerges and before disease symptoms appear. Make three to four applications at 14-day intervals.

Daylily Rust (Puccinia hemerocallidis)

Alternately apply a systemic fungicide from Category 1 with a protective fungicide from Category 2 to protect new foliage as it emerges. Re-treat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Category 1 Systemics

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal

flutolanil (Contrast) 3 oz/100 gal

triadimefon (Bayleton)

(Strike) 25 WDG

1 PVA packet/550 to 1,100 gal

4 oz/100 gal

Bayleton cannot be used on plants being grown for sale or other commercial use.

Strike is for commercial greenhouse and nursery use only.

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal

Category 2 Protectants

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal

mancozeb (Fore) 1.5 lb/100 gal

Downy Mildew (Bremia, Pseudoperonospora, Peronospora, Plasmopara spp.)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal (bedding plants)2 to 4 oz/100 gal

(rose)

Apply every 7 to 14 days prior to infection. Do not apply 2-oz rate on less than 14-day intervals. May damage snapdragons; use 1 oz rate and rotate. Apply every 7 to 21 days on rose during periods of active plant growth and prior to dormancy. Do not apply to apple, flowering cherry, or crabapple. See label.


4 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide. Do not apply to apple, flowering cherry, or crabapple. See label.


2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, prior to the onset of disease.




0.5 lb/100 gal1 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal

Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum.


1.5-2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A

Repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. May cause discoloration in some azalea varieties. See label for other phytoxicity warnings. Badge X2 is OMRI listed. Do not mix with Aliette.


copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27)


cyazofamid (Segway) 2.1 to 3.5 fl oz/100 gal

Apply on 14- to 21-day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre).

512

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Downy Mildew (Bremia, Pseudoperonospora, Peronospora, Plasmopara spp.) (continued)

dimethomorph (Stature DM) 6.4 to 12.8 oz/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Apply to obtain complete coverage of flowers, foliage, and stems. Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals throughout the production cycle. For use on greenhouse and nursery-grown ornamentals.

dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego)

11 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply on 10- to 14-day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre).

fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80WDG 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal (bedding plants)

2.5 lb/100 gal (roses)

Systemic. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat as necessary, but do not make more than one application every 14 days.

Fluoxastrobin (Disarm 480SC) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days prior to disease development. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.

Mancozeb(Dithane) 75 DF(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.Reapply in 7 to 21 days.

Mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications.

Mefenoxam (Subdue MAXX)(Subdue Gr)

0.5 to 1 fl oz/100 galSee label for rates

Apply Subdue MAXX as a foliar spray or soil drench treatment. Apply Subdue GR as a soil surface or soil/planting media incorporation treatment.

oxathiapiprolin (Segovis) 0.6 to 2.4 fl oz/100 gal

Make no more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group U15 fungicide.

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant)

12 to 18 oz/100 gal Use preventatively, prior to disease development on a 7- to 10-day schedule. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide.

phosphorous acid (Alude, Reliant)

See label Apply prior to disease development. Spray to thoroughly wet all foliage. Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals.

potassium phosphite (Vital) 4 pt/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray prior to disease onset, and repeat at 14-day intervals.



trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG

2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray before disease is detected or when conditions are favorable for disease. Repeat at 7- to-14-day intervals until threat of disease is over.



Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7-day intervals.

Entomosporium Leaf Blight

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50WDG

1 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray at budbreak, and repeat at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, make no more than three sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products.


1.5-2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A


chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG

1.4 lb/100 gal Begin applications at budbreak, and continue every 7 to 14 days.


22 to 35 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a full coverage spray. Reapply at 14 to 21 day intervals. Refer to label for specific rate and application instructions.

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro 90)

1 to 2 lb/100 gal Spray at a minimum of 7-day intervals. Apply when foliage is dry.

Iprodione + thiophanate methyl (26/36 Fungicide)


myclobutanil(Eagle) 20EW(Eagle) 40WP





thiophanate-methyl (3336 F) 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply when disease first appears and repeat every 7 to 14 days.

triadimefon(Bayleton) 50WSP

(Strike) 25WDG

1 PVA packet/137.5 to 275 gal

8 to 16 oz/100 gal

In early spring as growth starts, spray every 14 to 21 days until growth is fully expanded. May be phototoxic with repeated applications. Bayleton is not for plants offered for sale or other commercial use.

triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 12 fl oz/100 gal Spray every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development.

Fireblight (Erwinia amylovora) (or see section under fire blight control of crabapple)

copper hydroxide(Champ WG)(Nu-Cop) 50DF(CuPRO 2005

0.5 lb/100 gal1 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal



1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal See label for timing of application.



fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 2.5 lb/100 gal See label for timing of application.

513

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Fireblight (Erwinia amylovora) (or see section under fire blight control of crabapple) (continued)

streptomycin sulfate (Agri-mycin 17)

0.5 lb/100 gal See label.

Flower Blight. See Petal Blight.

Fungal Leaf Spots (Alternaria, Cercospora, Cylindrosporium, Phyllosticta, Septoria) Consult product labels for specific fungi controlled

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat every 7- to 28-days. Apply at the first sign of disease as new growth buds out. Do not apply to apple, flowering cherry, or crabapple. See label.




2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, prior to the onset of disease.



chlorothalonil(Daconil Ultrex)(Daconil WeatherStik)

1.4 lb/100 gal1.375 pt/100 gal

Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals.


9 to 35 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a full coverage spray. Reapply at 14- to 21-day intervals. Refer to label for specific rate and application instructions.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal Repeat applications at 7- to 21-day intervals depending on plant treated; see label.


0.5 lb/100 gal1 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal



1.5-2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A



1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals.

copper octanoate(Camelot O)

0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species.


See label


2 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7 to 14 day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications. Cautionary statement on label for applications to Geraniums, Impatiens and New Guinea Impatiens.

mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, Mancozeb DG)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal1.2 qt/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Repeat application at 7- to 10-day intervals. Addition of a spreader sticker will improve performance.


myclobutanil(Eagle) 40WP

3 to 6 oz/100 gal Apply as a protectant every 10 to 14 days.


1.25 to 5 lb/100 gal Uniform and complete coverage of foliage is essential for best results. See label for special instructions regarding poinsettia, pansy, and impatiens.



8 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia, or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper, or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.


thiophanate-methyl(AllBan Flo)

(Cleary’s 3336) F(SysTec 1998) FL (Zyban) WSB

10 to 14.5 fl oz/100 gal


24 oz (4 bags) /100 gal

Apply at first sign of disease. Repeat application at 7- to 14-day intervals.

triadimefon (Bayleton, Strike) See label

triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Spray every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Fusarium Root and Crown Rot

azoxystrobin (Heritage) Directed spray: 1 to 4 oz/100 gal

Drench: 0.2 to 0.9 oz/100 gal

Repeat every 7 to 21 days.

Apply 1 to 2 pt of solution per sq ft every 7 to 28 days.


2 to 4 oz/100 gal For stem diseases ensure full spray coverage of all stems and inner areas of the plant to the soil/media. Apply on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications.

514

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Fusarium Root and Crown Rot (continued)

fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Wet entire medium. Reapply at 21- to 28-day intervals. May cause phytotoxicity when applied to impatiens, New Guinea impatiens, and geraniums.

thiophanate-methyl(AllBan Flo)(Cleary’s 3336) G

(Cleary 3336) F

(SysTec 1998) FL

7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal22 to 30 lb/1,000 sq ft

Drench: 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal


Apply as drench or heavy spray after transplanting. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. For preventative control, incorporate into media prior to planting or as a broadcast, or make an over the top application after seeding or transplanting. For curative control, apply when disease first appears. Repeat every 21 to 28 days.Apply after seeding or transplanting at a rate to thoroughly soak growing medium. Repeat every 21 to 28 days.

Apply as drench or heavy spray after transplanting. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.

pyraclostrobin (Empress Intrinsic)

1 to 6 fl oz/100 gal (see label)

Apply at 1 to 3 fl oz for plants in propagation, rooted cuttings, plugs, and seedlings and at 2 to 6 fl oz to all other plants. Do not apply to dry soil media. Apply preventative to disease with sequential at 7 to 28 days after the first application if needed.


12 to18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia, or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper, or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.

Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop)

See label Apply inoculant as a seed dressing, soil drench spray, or transplant dip. Must be applied prior to onset of disease. See label.

triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply soil drenches at weekly intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure.

triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. The stem areas of the plant must be thoroughly covered using spray to runoff.

Gray Mold. See Botrytis Blight.

Iris Leaf Spot (Didymellina macrosopora/Mycosphaerella macrospora)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days.


4 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide.

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex)(Daconil WeatherStik)

1.4 lb/100 gal1.375 pt/100 gal

Apply to new growth at 7- to 14-day intervals in spring.

mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, Mancozeb DG)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Addition of a spreader sticker will improve performance.

Repeat applications on 7- to 10-day intervals.Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals.


12 fl oz/100 gal6 oz/100 gal

Pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 2 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply preventatively on a 7- to 14-day application interval. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide.

Thiophanate-methyl (Incognito 85WDG)

7.2 to 9.6 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days prior to or immediately at the onset of disease.

Kabatina Twig Blight


16 to 24 fl oz/100 gal Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Disease not easily controlled. Fall applications may reduce disease the following year.

Leaf and Flower Gall (Exobasidium ssp.)


(Strike) 25W

1 PVA packet (11 oz/550 gal)4 oz/100 gal

Begin applications at bud break, and apply at 10-day intervals. Bayleton cannot be used on plants grown for sale or other commercial use. Strike is for use in commercial nurseries, garden centers, and greenhouses only.

ferbam (Granuflo) 1 to 1.5 lb/100 gal Apply to plants, flowers, and litter around plants at 3- to 4-day intervals during bloom.

Petal or Flower Blight of Azalea, Rhododendron, or Camellia (Ovulinia ssp., Ciborinia camelliae, Sclerotinia camelliae)

mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, (Mancozeb DG)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Beginning when flowers start to show color, spray two or three times each week during bloom. Direct spray into flowers and thoroughly spray ground under bushes.

myclobutanil(Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal

Beginning when flowers start to show color, spray every 10 to 14 days.


5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Spray every 21 days during bloom.

tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply 2 to 3 times per week into the flowers as they open and develop.


(Cleary 3336) F(OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB(SysTec 1998) FL, (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L)

10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal


20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply as flowers open. Repeat every 7 to 14 days.


(Strike) 25WDG

1 PVA packet (11 oz/137.5 to 275 gal)8 to 16 oz/100 gal

Make one application as first flower buds show color. Spray later varieties as they show color at 7- to 14-day intervals. Bayleton cannot be used on plants being grown for sale or other commercial use. Strike is for use in commercial nurseries, garden centers, and greenhouses only.

515

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Phomopsis Twig Blight

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at the first sign of disease, as new growth buds out. Repeat every 7 to 28 days.




1.5-2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A



2 to 4 oz/100 gal For stem diseases ensure full spray coverage of all stems and inner areas of the plant to the soil/media. Apply on a 7 to 14 day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications.

mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, (Mancozeb DG)(Pentathlon LF)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal

0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Addition of a spreader sticker will improve performance. Repeat application on 7- to 10-day intervals.

Propiconazole(Banner MAXX)

5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal For junipers, make first application as soon as new growth is observed. Repeat application every 14 to 21 days during period of active plant growth.


8 to12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia, or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper, or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.


(Cleary 3336) F(T-Storm) 50WSB(SysTec 1998) FL, (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L)

14.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal

16 to 24 fl oz/100 gal24 oz/100 gal

20 fl oz /100gal

Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals.

Apply when symptoms first appear. Re-treat every 7 to 14 days as needed during disease period.Apply in spring; repeat every 7 to 10 days.

thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban)

6 bags (36 oz/75 gal) Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals.

Phytophthora and Pythium Root Rot

cyazofamid (Segway) 3 to 6 fl oz/100 gal Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Irrigate with at least ½ inch of water if rainfall does not occur within 24 hrs. For container plants, check label for recommended maximum drench volume based on pot diameter.


3 oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 2 pints of drench solution per square foot surface area every 7 to 28 days. Do not apply to apple, flowering cherry, or crabapple. See label.

dipotassium phosphonate + dipotassium phosphate (Biophos)

256 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventative.

dimethomorph (Stature DM) 50W

6.4 to 12.8 oz/100 gal Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals through production cycle. When applied as a drench, use enough solution to wet root zone of the plant. No more than two applications of Stature DM can be applied consecutively in a crop.Not effective on Pythium root rot.

dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego)

11 to 14 fl oz NOT LABELED FOR PYTHIUM. Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre).

etridiazole(Truban) 30WP

(Terrazole) 35WP

3 to 10 oz/100 gal/400 sq ft

3.5 to 10 oz/100 gal

Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Water in immediately after application. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals.

etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl(Banrot) 40WP(Banrot) 8G

6 to 12 oz/100 galSee label

Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately with additional water equal to at least half the volume of the fungicide drench. Re-treat at 4- to 12-week intervals. For use in nursery crops. See label.

fluopicolide (Adorn) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal MUST ALWAYS BE TANK MIXED WITH THE LABELED RATE OF ANOTHER FUNGICIDE WITH A DIFFERENT MODE OF ACTION. Apply before disease development. Use higher rate when treating plants with high potential for disease. Reapply after 14 to 28 days.

fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80WP See label Can be applied as a preventative foliar or drench application. Can be incorporated into the soil for control of Phytophthora species.

mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications.

mefenoxam (Fenox ME, Mefenoxam 2, Subdue MAXX, Subdue GR)

See label Can be applied as a drench or soil surface spray or soil incorporation treatment (granular). Consult label for specific crops and applications. Repeat at 2- to 3-month intervals. Do not apply rates of 1.25 fl oz per 100 gal more often than every 3 months.

oxathiapiprolin (Segovis) 0.65 to 3.2 fl oz/100 gal

NOT LABELED FOR PYTHIUM. Apply n 5- to 14-day interval preventatively or at first sight of disease symptoms. Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to another non-Group U-15 fungicide.



potassium phosphite (Vital) See label Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive.

propamocarb (Banol) See label Do not use for field-grown ornamentals.

trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal

516

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Powdery Mildew


1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply only as a preventive. Spray every 7 to 28 days as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, make no more than two sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products. Do not apply to apple, flowering cherry, or crabapple. See label.


4 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days. Do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating to another class of fungicide that is not Group 7 or 11. Do not apply to apple, flowering cherry, or crabapple. See label.


2 to 4 qt/100 gal Repeat at 7-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease.




1.4 lb/100 gal Spray at 7- to 14-day intervals. Applications made during bloom may damage flowers.


22 to 35 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a full coverage spray. Reapply at 14 to 21 day intervals. Refer to label for specific rate and application instructions.


1.5-2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A




See label


2 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7 to 4 day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications.




8 fl oz/100 gal3 to 6 oz/100 gal

Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals.

potassium bicarbonate (Kaligreen)

1 to 3 lb/100 gal Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals.


5 to 12 fl oz/100 gal See label for appropriate rate and application intervals. For application in field nurseries and landscape plantings.

pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non Group 11 fungicide.

Pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant Intrinsic)

6 to12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.

Sulfur (Micro Sulf) 3 to 10 lb/100 gal Begin when disease first appears and continue at 5 to 10 intervals. See label for phytoxicity considerations.

tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 14 for a total of three applications at the first sign of disease.

Thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo)(Cleary 3336) F(OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB(SysTec 1998) FL(T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L)


8 to 16 oz/100 gal

10 fl oz/100 gal20 fl oz/100 gal

Apply when disease first appears and repeat every 7-14 days. Rotations with other effective products are recommended.Apply when disease first appears and repeat every 7-14 days. Rotations with other effective products are recommended. Apply when disease first appears and repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period.Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals.

Thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban) WSB

24 oz (4 bags) /100 gal

Apply at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-day intervals.

Triadimefon (Bayleton) 50WSP

(Strike) 25WDG

1 PVA packet (11 oz/550 to 1,100 gal)

2 to 4 oz/100 gal

Spray as needed. Bayleton cannot be used on plants for sale or other commercial use. Strike is for greenhouse and nursery use only.

Trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply to point of drip before disease is detected. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Rotate to another nonstrobilurin product after each application.

Triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC

6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. Use of an adjuvant/spreader sticker can aid in control.

Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight (Rhizoctonia solani)

chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease.


2 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications.

Fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease.

Flutolanil (Contrast) 70WSP(Prostar) 70WP

3 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply at 14- to 21-day intervals.

Iprodione (Chipco 26019 N/G)(18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE)

1.0 to 2.5 qt/100 gal1.0 to 2.5 qt/100 gal

Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than four applications per crop per year.

517

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight (Rhizoctonia solani) (continued)

mancozeb (Dithane 75DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apple at 7- to 10-day intervals. See label for specific instructions.

myclobutanil (Eagle 20EW) 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. See label for specific instructions.

polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5 WP)

1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease.




12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply when disease symptoms first appear. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals during disease period.

Thiophanate-methyl + iprodione (26/36 fungicide)

33-84 fl oz/100 gal No more than 4 applications per year.

triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Use the higher rate under heavy disease pressure. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Rhizoctonia Stem and Root Rot (Rhizoctonia solani)


directed spray: 1 to 4 oz/100 gal

drench: 0.2 to 0.9 oz/100 gal

Apply as a directed spray every 7 to 21 days as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, make no more than three sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products.Apply 1 to 2 pt of solution per sq ft surface area every 7 to 28 days as a preventative drench treatment. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal on impatiens or pansy.


3 oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 2 pints of drench solution per square foot surface area every 7 to 28 days. Should not be applied to some tree fruit varieties. See label.


0.5 to 4.5 pt/100 gal Apply as a drench or course spray to growing medium at or immediately before seeding. Repeat applications as needed. OMRI listed.


1 to 2 lb/100 gal Retreat at 7-day intervals. Apply as a spray only. Do not apply more than once to green or variegated Pittosporum due to risk of phytotoxicity. Apply when foliage is dry.



etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot) 40W

16 to 12 oz/400 sq ft Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if necessary.

fludioxonil (Medallion) 50W 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench at seeding or transplanting. Apply sufficient mix to wet the upper one-half of the growing medium. Make only one application to seedling crop. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application.Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens. May cause stunting or chlorosis on some geranium cultivars. See label for maximum amounts that can be applied per year.

flutolanil (Contrast) 70WSP(Prostar) 70WP

3 to 6 oz/100 gal Apply drench according to label. Repeat 21 to 28 days after initial application. Make no more than four applications per year to ornamental plantings.

iprodione

(Chipco 26019 N/G)(18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE)

6.5 oz/100 gal13 fl oz/100 gal

Apply 1 to 2 pints per sq ft at seeding or transplanting. Do not apply as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Repeat every 14 days. Do not make more than six applications per year. Do not use on Spathiphyllum.


PCNB (Terraclor) 75WP 4 to 8 oz/100 gal See label for amount to apply. One repeat application can be made 4 to 6 weeks later, if necessary.

polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5 WP)

1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal/acre

Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply as a drench every 14 to 28 days.



thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo)(Cleary 3336) F

(OHP-6672) 50WP


12 to 16 oz/100 gal

Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals.Apply as a soil drench or directed spray to thoroughly soak growing media through the root zone after seeding or transplanting at 21- to 28-day interval.Apply 1 to 3 pt/sq ft after transplanting to thoroughly soak growing medium. Repeat every 21 to 28 days.


See label See label.

trifloxystrobin (Compass) 0.5 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench to wet upper half of the growing media. Apply at seeding, transplanting, and at 21- to 28-day intervals thereafter. May injure petunia, violet, and New Guinea impatiens.

triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure.

Rust (also see Daylily Rust)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 galcommercial rose production: 1.6 to

8 oz

Apply at 7- to 28-day intervals. Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before alternating with a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Should not be applied to certain plant species; see label.


4 to 7 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Do not make more than two sequential applications before rotating to another class of fungicide that is not Group 7 or 11.



chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex)

(Echo) 90DF

1.4 lb/100 gal; 1 lb for roses

1.4 lb/100 gal; 0.875 oz for roses

Apply when foliage and flowers are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to hydrangea foliage only. Avoid application during bloom period on plants where flower injury is unacceptable.

518

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Rust (also see Daylily Rust) (continued)


22 to 35 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a full coverage spray. Reapply at 14 to 21 day intervals. Refer to label for specific rate and application instructions. Higher rate listed for Melampsora occidentalis --use 69 fl oz/100gal.

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90

1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Re-treat at 7-day intervals. Do not exceed 50.6 lb per acre during one season for field-grown ornamentals.

flutolanil (Contrast) 70 WSP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals.


mancozeb (Dithane, Mancozeb)(Protect DF)

1.5 lb/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. To improve performance, add 2 to 4 oz of a spreader-sticker.


myclobutanil (Eagle 40WP)(Eagle 20WE)

3 to 6 oz/100 gal6 to 12 oz/100 gal

Apply on a protectant application schedule at 10- to 14-day intervals.

neem oil (Triact 70) 1 gal/100 to 200 galSee label

Apply at 7- to 14-day spray intervals. Trial first on open blooms. To control existing disease, apply on a 7-day schedule until disease pressure is eliminated. Not for impatiens, carnation, or hibiscus.


propiconazole (Banner MAXX) See label See label. Do not use in greenhouses.





(Cleary 3336) F

(OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSBOHP 6672 (4.5L)

10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal


12 to 16 oz/100 gal

20 fl oz/100 gal

For use on crabapples. Do not use treated crabapples for food.Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period.Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period.



See label For use on crabapples.

triadimefon (Bayleton)(Strike)

See label Spray to the point of drip as needed. See label for spray interval.Bayleton is not for use on plants being grown for sale.

triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 2 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply prior to, or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Scab (Cladosporium, Fusicladium, Spilocea, Venturia) For apple scab, see disease under “crabapple” above.

Mancozeb (Dithane, Fore, Mancozeb)

1.5 lb/100 gal Begin spraying at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat every 10 to 28 days. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide. PHYTOTOXIC to some crabapple and other tree fruit cultivars. See label


4 to 7 oz/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 14 days. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide. PHYTOTOXIC to some crabapple and other tree fruit cultivars. See label


1.5-2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A


Fluoxastrobin + myclobutanil (Disarm M)

3 to 11 fl oz/100 gal Repeat at 7 to 28 day intervals


myclobutanil ( Eagle 20EW) 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Spray every 10 to 14 days.

Propiconazole (Banner MAXX) See label See label. Do not use in greenhouses.

Pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.



Tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 10 fl oz/100 gal For preventative applications, apply at least 3 times per year, 14 to 21 days apart.

Thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo)

(Cleary 3336) F(SysTec 1998) FL

10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal


Spray at bud break. Repeat three to four times at 7- to 14-day intervals.


33 to 84 fl oz/100 gal No more than 4 applications per year.


24 oz (4 bags) Repeat at 7-day intervals.

519

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Scab (Cladosporium, Fusicladium, Spilocea, Venturia) (continued)

Trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 2-4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide.


6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development.

Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)


1.4 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals when conditions favor disease.


2 to 4 oz/100 gal For stem diseases ensure full spray coverage of all stems and inner areas of the plant to the soil/media. Apply on a 7- to 14-day interval while conditions are conducive to disease development. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different MOA for two applications.


PCNB (Revere) 10G(Terraclor) 75W

20 lb/1,000 sq ft6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal

Apply 1 wk prior to planting; spread on soil surface and mix into soil at a 4-in. depth.See label for amount to apply. One repeat application may be made 4 to 6 weeks later.




8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. The stem areas of the plant must be thoroughly covered using spray to runoff.

Shot Hole (Blumeriella, Coccomyces fungal and bacterial)


1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Mancozeb(Pentathlon DF)(Protect DF)

1 to 2 lb/100 galBegin applications at first sign of disease. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals.Begin applications at first sign of disease. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals.

Metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply on a 14 to 28 day interval.


12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Begin when disease first appears, and repeat every 7 to 14 days.

Southern Stem Blight (Sclerotium rolfsii)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) directed spray: 1 to 4 oz/100 gal

drench: 0.2 to 0.9 oz/100 gal

Apply every 7 to 21 days. Can be used in outdoor nurseries, retail nurseries, residential and commercial landscape areas.Apply 1 to 2 pt solution per square foot surface area every 7 to 28 days, prior to infection. Apply to container-grown ornamentals only.Do not apply to crabapple, apple, or some tree fruit. See label.


5 to 7 oz/100 gal (direct spray)

2 to 3 oz/100 gal (drench)

Repeat every 7 to 21 day. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a non-Group 11 fungicide. PHYTOTOXIC to some crabapple and other tree fruit cultivars. See label.



Fluoxastrobin (Disarm 480SC) 2 to 4 fl oz/100 gal Crown spray every 7 to 21 days.

flutolanil(Contrast) 70WSP(Prostar) 70WP

3 to 6 oz/100 gal Drench at 21- to 28-day intervals. Uses 1 pt per sq ft or 2 pt for depths greater than 4 in. See label for container rates. For use in outdoor container and field-grown stock. Make no more than 4 applications per year to nursery ornamental plantings.

PCNB (Terraclor) 75WP 3.25 to 6.5 lb/1,000 sq ft

Apply in sufficient water to ensure uniform ground coverage prior to planting, and thoroughly incorporate to a depth of 6 to 7 in. For use in nursery and landscape plantings.


triticonazole (Trinity) 19SC 8 to 12 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days. Use preventively. Begin applications when conditions favor fungal infection and before disease symptom development. The stem areas of the plant must be thoroughly covered using spray to runoff.

Volutella Blight

chlorothalonil(Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG(Daconil WeatherStik)

1.4 lb/100 gal1.375 pt/100 gal Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals.


0.5 lb/100 gal1 lb/100 gal

0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal



1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.


1.5-2 pt/A1.5 to 2 lb/A


copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27, Phyton 35)


520

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Volutella Blight (continued)

mancozeb(Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, Mancozeb DG)

(Pentathlon LF)(Pentathlon DF)(Protect DF)

2.0 lb/50 gal/5,000 sq ft of bed

0.8 to 1.6 pt/100 gal1 to 2 lb/100 gal

3 to 4 lb/100 gal/10,000 sq ft

of bed

Start at first sign of disease, and apply at 10- to 14-day intervals.

Use a drenching spray. Start at first sign of disease, and apply at 10- to 14-day intervals.Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals.Use a drenching spray. Start at first sign of disease, and apply at least 5 applications at 10- to 14-day intervals.



Apply at 7-day intervals while disease is prevalent.

Further Information

Boxwood blight links http://plantpathology.ces.ncsu.edu/pp-ornamentals/

All Plant Pathology Disease Notes for Ornamentals can be accessed from http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/ornamental_contents.html.

Holly Diseases and Their Control in the Landscape. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 7, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/od7.htm

Nematodes and Their Control in Woody Ornamentals in the Landscape. Plant Pathology Information Note 63, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/no63.htm

Phytophthora Root Rot and Its Control on Established Woody Ornamentals. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 13, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/odin13/od13.htm

Rose Diseases and Their Control in the Home Garden. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 2, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/odin002/odin002.htm

Juniper Diseases. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 15, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/od15.htm

Entomosporium Leaf Spot on Redtip. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 11, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/odin011/odin011.htm

Rhododendron Diseases. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 12, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/od12.htm

Azalea Diseases. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 16.

Copies of these publications are available from your local Cooperative Extension center.

521

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Treatments for Sanitizing Tools, Equipment, Cultivation Surfaces, Pots and FlatsSara M. Villani, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology

Note: It was not possible to update the information in this table for the 2016 North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual. The information in this table is current as of Jan. 1, 2015. Anyone using any agricultural chemical should refer to the current chemical label, which contains information about the safe and effective use of the chemical, before using the chemical.

All items should be free of organic debris before exposure to the treatments listed below. Sanitizing an entire greenhouse involves physically removing leftover debris and soil as a first step prior to disinfection, as soil and organic residues reduce the effectiveness of disinfectants. There are some commercial cleaners specifically designed for greenhouse use, e.g., Strip-It (best applied by spray, brush, or foam), which is a combination of cleaning and wetting agents formulated to remove algae, dirt, and hard water deposits. High pressure power washing with soap and water is also an option prior to disinfection as listed below.

Table 10-14. Treatments for Sanitizing Tools, Equipment, Cultivation Surfaces, and other Related ItemsMaterial or Treatment Trade name Formulation Remarks Contact time

alcohol, ethyl and isopropyl (grain, rubbing, wood) (70-100%)

Various commercial brands;Lysol Spray (also includes

quaternary ammonium)

Depends on formulation. Read label. Typically full strength for RTU (Ready To Use) formulations.

Evaporates quickly so that adequate contact time may not be achieved; high concentrations of organic matter diminish effectiveness; flammable.

10 min for equipment, pots, flats and surfaces. Tools can be dipped for 10 seconds and allowed to dry. Do not rinse.

alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride + alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride

Green-Shield Green-Shield II

See label Corrosive, Causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns.Pre-clean surfaces/heavily soiled areas prior to use

10 min for hard, non-porous surfaces, pots, flats, cutting tools (see label for other surfaces)

hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen dioxide) and peroxyacetic acid mixture

ZeroTol 2.0;SaniDate 5.0;Oxidate 2.0

2.5 fl oz per gallon of water0.5 fl oz per gallon of water0.5 to 1.25 fl oz per gallon of water

Very corrosive; eye/skin irritant. Low odor. Use according to label. Must be stored in cool location.

1-10 min

quaternary ammonium Physan 20;

KleenGrow

Depends on formulation. Typically 1 tablespoon per gallon of water

For general disinfection use 0.5 to 1.0 fl oz per gallon of water

Effective for non-porous surface sanitation, e.g. floors, walls, benches, pots. Low odor, irritation.

Hard, NON-POROUS surfaces use 1.0 fl oz per gal water; Tools, cutters & equipment use 0.5 fl oz per gal water. Apply solution with a cloth, mop, sponge, coarse spray device or by immersion until surfaces are wet. Prepare a fresh solution daily.

10-15 minMust remain wet for 10 min. Wipe dry with a clean cloth or sponge or allow to air dry.

Must remain wet for 10 min. Wipe dry with a clean cloth or sponge or allow to air dry.

sodium hypochlorite (8.25%)

Clorox;Commercial bleach;

10%; or a 1:14 ratio of bleach : water Inactivated by organic matter; fresh solutions should be prepared every 8 hr or more frequently if exposed to sunlight; corrosive to metal; irritating to eyes and skin; Exposure to sunlight reduces efficacy. Keep solution in opaque container.

10-15 min. for equipment, pots, flats and surfaces. Tools can be dipped for 10 seconds and allowed to dry. Do not rinse.

steam NA Cover or otherwise seal For plastic pots and trays, heat center of steamer between 150 degrees F to 160 degrees F;

For less heat-sensitive objects, heat to 180 degrees F.

60 min.

15 min.

solarization NA Place clean items on solid surface, cover tightly with CLEAR plastic

Clear plastic works much better. 140 degrees F, 4 to 8 hr/day for 7 days

522

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Disease Control for Commercial VegetablesL. M. Quesada-Ocampo, Inga Meadows, and Frank Louws, Entomology and Plant Pathology

This section was prepared as a collaborative effort of vegetable pathology experts in the southeastern United States who yearly update the Southeastern U.S. Vegetable Crop Handbook. Contributors this year included: L. M. Quesada-Ocampo (North Carolina State University), E. Sikora (Auburn University), R. Melanson (Mississippi State University), F. Louws (North Carolina State University), E. Pfeufer (University of Kentucky), I. Meadows (North Carolina State University), and E. Eure (North Carolina State University).Caution: At the time these tables were prepared, the entries were believed to be useful and accurate. However, labels change rapidly, and errors are possible, so the user must follow all directions on the product label. Federal tolerances for fungicides may be canceled or changed at any time.Information in the following tables must be used in the context of a comprehensive disease control program. Many diseases are controlled by combined strategies—using resistant varieties, crop rotation, deep-turn plowing, sanitation, seed treatments, cultural practices, and fungicides. Always use top-quality seed and plants obtained from reliable sources. Seed are ordinarily treated by commercial producers for control of decay and damping off.Nematode control chemicals and greenhouse diseases are provided in separate tables following the crop tables. Efficacy tables will help in selecting appropriate disease control materials for some vegetable crops. These tables are located at the end of each crop table.Rates: Some foliar rates given in the tables are based on mixing a specified amount of product in 100 gallons of water and applying the finished spray for complete coverage of foliage just to the point of runoff with high pressure (over 250 psi) drop nozzle sprayers. Actual amount of product and water applied per acre will vary depending on plant size and row spacing. Typically, 25 to 75 gallons per acre of finished spray are used. Concentrate spray (air blast, aircraft, etc.) rates are based on amount of product per acre. Caution: With concentrate sprays, it is easy to apply too much product. Some fungicides are adversely affected by pH of water; adjust pH of water if specified on label.Do not feed treated foliage to livestock unless allowed by the label. Do not reenter fields until sprays have dried; some fungicides may have a reentry requirement of one to several days. Read the label. Do not exceed maximum number of applications on the label. Do not exceed maximum limit of fungicide per acre per application or per year as stated on the label. See label for rotational crops. In all cases, follow directions on the label.

Disease Control by CropAsparagus

Table 10-15. Disease Control Products for AsparagusRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and Remarks

Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea)

fenhexamid (Elevate) 1.5 lb/A 0.75 lb/A 180 0.5 Apply at fern stage only.

Crown rot mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Soak crowns 5 minutes in burlap bag with gentle agitation, drain, and plant.

Phytophthora crown rot, spear rot

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold SL) 1 pt/acre 0.5 lb/A 1 2 Apply over beds after seeding or covering crowns, 30 to 60 days before first cutting, and just before harvest.

fosetyl-AL (Alliette) 5 lb/A 4 lb a.i. 110 0.5

Rust myclobutanil (Rally 40W) 5 oz/A 2.0 oz a.i. 180 1 Begin applications to developing ferns after harvest has taken place. Repeat on a schedule not to exceed 14 days. Do not supply to harvestable spears.

sulfur (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

tebuconazole (Folicur ) 3.6F(Orius) 3.6F(Toledo) 3.6F

4 to 6 fl oz/A 0.11 to 0.17 lb 180 0.5 Apply to developing ferns at first sign of rust and repeat on a 14-day interval; no more than 3 applications per season.

Rust, Cercosporaleaf spot

chlorothalonil (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label Apply to ferns after harvest; spray first appearance, 7 to 10 day intervals. Do not exceed 8 pounds product per acre per crop.

Purple spot azoxystrobin (Quadris) 6 to 15.5 fl oz 0.10 to 0.25 lb a.i. 100 4 hr Do not apply more than 1 foliar application of Quadris (or other group 11 fungicide) before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action.


trifloxystrobin (Flint 50 WDG) 3 to 4 oz/A 1.5 to 2 oz/A 180 12 hr Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Begin applications preventively when conditions are favorable for disease and continue as needed on a 7 to 14 day interval.

523

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-16. Relative Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in Asparagus

Scale E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Disease

Management tactic Rust Cercospora blight Stemphylium blight Fusarium root rotPhytophthora crown/

spear rot

Avoid overhead irrigation F F F NC NC

Crop rotation (5 years or more) NC NC NC F P

Clip and bury infected ferns G G G NC NC

Destroy infected ferns E E E NC NC

Encourage air movement/wider row spacing

P P G NC NC

Plant in well-drained soil NC NC NC F F

Destroy volunteer asparagus F NC NC NC NC

Pathogen-free planting material NC NC NC E E

Resistant/tolerant cultivars G G NC G NC

Basil

Table 10-17. Disease Control Products for Basil

Disease Material

Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Method, Schedule, and RemarksFormulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry

Damping off (Pythium) mefenoxam(Ridomil Gold SL)

1.0 to 2.0 pt/acre 21 2 Limit of 2 soil applications per season.

Leaf spots, fungal(Botrytis, Alternaria, Fusarium), powdery mildew

cyprodinil + fludioxonil(Switch) 62.5WG

11 to 14 oz/acre 6.87 to 8.75 oz/acre 7 0.5 Limit of 56 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluopyram(Luna Privilege)

4.0 to 6.84fl oz/acre

3 0.5 Limit of 13.7 fl oz per acre per season. Apply as needed on a 7- to 10-day interval. When disease pressure is severe, use the higher rates and/or shorter intervals.

fluopyram + trifloxystrobin(Luna Sensation)

5.0 to 7.6fl oz/acre

7 0.5 Limit of 15.3 fl oz per acre per season. Apply as needed on a 7- to 10-day interval. When disease pressure is severe, use the higher rates and/or shorter intervals.

Downy mildew (Peronospora belbahrii)

cyazofamid(Ranman)

2.75 to 3 fl oz/acre 0.071 to 0.078 lb/acre

0 0.5 Limit of 27 fluid ounces per acre per season. Alternate with a fungicide with a different mode of action. May be applied through sprinkler irrigation system.

manipropamid(Revus)

8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 4 hr Limit of 32 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

phosphorous acid(Confine Extra, K-Phite)

1 to 3 qt/20 to 100 gal water/acre

0.53 to 1.59 qt/20 to 100 gal water/acre

0 4 hr Do not apply at less than 3 day intervals.

potassium phosphite(Fosphite, Fungi-phite, Helena Prophyt)

1 to 3 qt/100 gal water/acre

0.53 to 1.59 qt/100 gal water/acre


Fusarium wilt and Pythium and Rhizoctonia root rots

phosphorous acid(Confine Extra, K-Phite)

1 to 3 qt/20 to 100 gal water/acre

0.53 to 1.59 qt/20 to 100 gal water/acre


potassium phosphite(Fosphite, Fungi-phite, Helena Prophyt)

1 to 3 qt/100 gal water/acre

0.53 to 1.59 qt/100 gal water/acre


Corynespora Blight, Phoma Blight

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 6.0 – 15.5 fl. oz/A 0.10 – 0.25 lb a.i./A 0 4 hr Limit of 92.3 fluid ounces per acre per season. Apply as needed on a 7-day interval. Make no more than two consecutive applications of Group 11 fungicides before alternating with a fungicide not of Group 11.

Pythium Damping off Metalaxyl (Ridomil Gold) 1 to 2 pt/acre 0.5 to 1 pt/acre 21 2 Apply as a basally directed spray 28 days after planting.

524

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Bean

Table 10-18. Disease Control Products for Bean


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredients Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and Remarks

Bean, Dry (Catjang, Chickpea, Fava, Garbanzo, Lentil, Lima, Lupine, Mung, May pea, Southernpea, Soybean)

Anthracnose, Alternaria leaf spot and blight, Ascochyta leaf and pod spot, rust (Phakopsora)

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz 0.10 to 0.25 lb 0 4 hr Do not apply more than three sequential applications.

azoxystrobin+propiconazole (Quilt Xcel)

10.5-14 oz/A 14 0.5 Apply when conditions are conducive for disease. Up to three applications may be made on 7- to14-day intervals.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Priaxor)

4.0 to 8.0 fl oz 0.13 to 0.25 lb 21 12 hr Begin prior to disease development and continue on a 7- to 14-day spray schedule.

Anthracnose, Botrytis gray mold, white mold (Sclerotinia)

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz 5.6 to 7.7 oz 21 0.5 Use 6 oz rate for chickpeas and lentils. Many other dried and succulent beans on label.

picoxystrobin (Approach) 6 to 12 fl oz 14 0.5 Do not apply more than three sequential applications.

Aschochita blight, Rust, white mold

prothioconazole (Proline 480 SC)

4.3 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 See label for specific crop restrictions.

Alternaria, Anthracnose, Ascochyta, rust, web blight

azoxystrobin+propiconazole (Quadris Opti)

10.5-14 oz/A 14 0.5 For use only on beans to be harvested dry with pods removed. Applications should begin prior to disease development. Do not apply morethan two foliar applications of Quadris Optibefore alternating with a fungicide with adifferent mode of action.

Alternaria leaf spot and blight, powdery mildew, gray mold, white mold

fluopyram (Luna Privilege) 4.11 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Begin fungicide applications preventively. Continue as needed on a 7- to 10-day interval depending on disease pressure.

Anthracnose, Botrytis gray mold, white mold (Sclerotinia)

boscalid (Endura 70 WG) 8 to 11 oz 5.6 to 7.7 oz 21 0.5 Use 6-ounce rate for chickpeas and lentils. Many other dried and succulent beans on label.

picoxystrobin (Approach) 8 to 12 fl oz 14 0.5 Do not apply more than three sequential applications. For white mold, make preventive applications beginning at bloom (see label).

thiophanate-methyl(Topsin M) 70 WP

30-40 fl oz 28 3 For multiple applications: Make first application when 10-30% of plants have at least one open bloom and continue on 7 day intervals. Do not apply more than 80 fluid ounces per season.

fluazinam (Omega 500) 0.5 to 0.85 pts 0.26 to 0.44 14 3 Apply at 10 to 30% bloom.

Botrytis gray mold, white mold (Sclerotinia)

fludioxonil (Cannonball WG) 7 oz 7 0.5 Begin before disease develops and continue on 7 day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease development. Do not apply more than 28 ounces per acre. Do not use on cowpeas.

iprodione (Rovral) 50 WP 4 F 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 0.75 to 1 lb/acre 0 1 Do not use on cowpea. Two applications maximum per season with last application no late than peak bloom. Do not feed dry bean hay to livestock until 45 days after last application.

Pythium damping off mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 SL 0.5 to 1 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 lb/trt acre — 2 Preplant incorporate. See label for row rates.

azoxystrobin + mefenoxam (Uniform)

0.34 fl oz/1,000 row ft

0.0071 + 0.0028 lb/acre

— In-furrow spray. See label directions.

Rhizoctonia root rot azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/ 1,000 row feet

0.006 to 0.013 lb — 4 hr Make in-furrow or banded applications shortly after plant emergence.


0.34 fl oz/1,000 row ft

0.0071 + 0.0028 lb/acre


PCNB (Blocker) 2.3 to 3.3 fl oz/1000 row ft

1.0 to 1.5 lb/acre — In-furrow spray. See label directions.

Rust (Uromyces) azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6.2 fl oz 0.10 lb 0 4 hr Do not apply more than three sequential applications.

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz 5.6 to 7.7 oz 21 0.5 Use 6 ounce rate for chickpeas and lentils. Many other dried and succulent beans on label.

pyraclostrobin (Headline) 2.09F 5.5 to 8 fl oz 1.5 to 2.4 lb 30 0.5 All dry beans except soybeans. Make no more than 2 applications per season

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3.6F 4 to 6 fl oz/acre 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 14 0.5 Apply before disease appears when conditions favor rust development and repeat at 14 day intervals; maximum 12 fluid ounces per season.

Bean, Snap

Anthracnose, Botrytis, Sclerotinia

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz 0.10 to 0.25 lb 0 4 hr For anthracnose only. Do not apply more than three sequential applications.

chlorothalonil (various) See label See label See label

See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

dicloran (Botran) 75 W 2.25 to 4 lb/acre 1.7 to 3 lb/acre 2 0.5 For Sclerotinia only. Use low rate for bush varieties and high rate for pole varieties.

525

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Bean, Snap (continued)

Anthracnose, Botrytis, Sclerotinia (continued)

thiophanate-methyl (Topsin M) 70 WP

1 to 2 lb/acre 0.7 to 1.4 lb/acre 14 1 Spray at 25% bloom, repeat at full bloom. Do not exceed 4 pounds product per season.



4.0 to 8.0 fl oz 0.13 to 0.25 lb 7 12 hr Begin prior to disease development and continue on a 7 to 14 day spray schedule.

Ascochyta blight, Botrytis gray mold, white mold

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz 5.6 to 7.7 oz 7 0.5 Many other dried and succulent beans on label.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 14 to 30 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.4 oz/acre 0 12 hr Begin sprays prior to disease development.

Alternaria, Anthracnose, Ascochyta, rust, southern blight, web blight

azoxystrobin+propiconazole (Quilt) Xcel)

10.5-14 oz/A 7 0.5 Apply when conditions are conducive for disease. Up to three applications made me made on 7-14 day intervals.


Fludioxonil (Cannonball WG) 7 oz 7 0.5 Begin before disease develops and continue on 7 day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease development. Do not apply more than 28 ounces per acre. Do not use on cowpeas.

Bacterial blights fixed copper (various) See label See label See label

See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray first appearance, 10 day intervals.

Cottony leak (Pythium spp)

Reason 500 SC 5.5-8.2 fl oz 0.178 - 0.267 lb a.i./A

3 0.5 Begin applications when conditions become favorable for disease development. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a product with a different mode of action.

Downy mildew (Phytophthora nicotianae)

mandipropamid (Revus) 8 fl oz/acre 0.13 fl oz/acre 1 4 hr Begin applications prior to disease development and continue throughout the season on a 7-10 day interval.

Pythium damping off mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 SL 0.5 to 1 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 lb/trt acre — 2 Preplant incorporate. See label for row rates.

Powdery mildew sulfur (various) See label See label See label

See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance, 10 to 14 day intervals. Avoid days over 90 degrees F.

Rhizoctonia root rot azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/ 1,000 row feet

0.006 to 0.013lb/ 1,000 row feet

— 4 hr Apply in-furrow or banded applications shortly after plant emergence.

myclobutanil Rally 40 WSP 4 to 5 oz/acre 1.6 to 2 oz/acre 0 1 For Rhizoctonia only.

dichoropropene (Telone) C-17 C-35

10.8 to 17.1 gal/acre 13 to 20.5 gal/acre

107 to 169 lb/acre139 to 220 lb/acre

— 5 Rate is based on soil type; see label for in-row rates.

metam-sodium (Vapam) 42 HL 37.5 to 75 gal/trt acre

160 to 320 lb/trt acre — — Rate is based on soil properties and depth of soil to be treated; apply 14 to 21 days before planting.

Rhizoctonia and Fusarium seed root and damping off

Prothioconazole (Redigo 480) 0.16-0.32 fl oz/100 lbs seed

— — For seed rot and damping off caused by Rhizoctonai and Fusarium.

Rust (Uromyces) azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.10 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Make no more than three sequential applications.

pyraclostrobin (Headline) 6.0 to 9.0 fl oz 0.09 to 0.18 lb/acre 12 hr Make no more than two sequential applications.

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz/acre 5.6 to 7.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Many other dried and succulent beans on label.



myclobutanil Rally 40 WSP 4 to 5 oz/acre 1.6 to 2 oz/acre 0 1 Spray at first appearance.

sulfur (various) See label See label See label

See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at 7 to 10 day intervals.

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3.6F 4 to 6 fl oz/acre 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 7 0.5 Apply before disease appears when conditions favor rust development and repeat at 14 day intervals; maximum 24 fluid ounces per season.

White mold (Sclerotinia) botran 75 W 2.5 to 4 lb/acre 1.9 to 3 lb/acre 2 0.5 Use low rate for bush varieties and high rate for pole varieties.

Bean, Lima

Botrytis, Sclerotinia, leaf spots

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.10 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Leaf spots only; do not make more than three sequential applications.


1.5 to 2 lb/acre 1.05 to 1.4 lb/acre 14 1 4 pounds limit per acre per crop.

iprodione (Rovral) 50 WP 4 F 1.5 to 2 lb/acre1.5 to 2 pt/acre

0.75 to 1 lb/acre 0 1


penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 14 to 30 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.4 0 12 hr Begin sprays prior to disease development.

pyraclostrobin (Headline) 6.0 to 9.0 fl oz 0.09 to 0.18 lb/acre 12 hr Make no more than two sequential applications.


4.0 to 8.0 fl oz 0.13 to 0.25 lb 21 12 hr Begin prior to disease development and continue on a 7 to 14 day spray schedule.

526

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Bean, Lima (continued)


fludioxonil (Cannonball WG) 7 oz 3.5 oz 7 0.5 Begin before disease develops and continue on 7 day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease development. Do not apply more than 28 ounces per acre. Do not use on cowpeas.

Coniothyrium minitans (Contans WG)

1 to 4 lb/acre 0.05 to 0.2 lb/acre 0 4 hr OMRI listed product. Apply to soil surface and incorporate no deeper than 2 inches. Works best when applied prior to planting or transplanting. Do not apply other fungicides for 3 weeks after applying Contans.

Damping off, Pythium, Rhizoctonia

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/ 1,000 row feet

0.006 to 0.013 lb/ 1,000 row feet

— 4 hr Rhizoctonia only. Make in-furrow or banded applications shortly after plant emergence.

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 SL 0.5 to 2 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 lb/trt acre — 2 For Pythium only. Soil incorporate. See label for row rates. Use proportionally less for band rates.


0.34 fl oz/1,000 row ft

0.0071 + 0.0028 lb/acre


Table 10-19. Efficacy of Products for Foliar Disease Control in BeansScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Product1 Fung

icid

e gr

oupF

Preh

arve

st in

terv

al (D

ays)

Aer

ial R

hizo

cton

ia

Ant

hrac

nose

Bro

wn

Spot

(P

seud

omon

as)

Cer

cosp

ora

Com

mon

Bac

teria

l Blig

ht

Com

mon

Rus

t

Dow

ny M

ildew

Gra

y M

old

(Bot

rytis

)

Hal

o B

light

Pow

dery

Mild

ew

Pyth

ium

Cot

tony

Lea

k

Pyth

ium

Dam

ping

off

Rhi

zoct

onia

Sor

e Sh

in

Scle

rotin

ia B

light

Sout

hern

Blig

ht (S

. rol

fsii)

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 11 14 E G NC ND NC E ND P NC ND F ND G NC E

azoxystrobin + mefenoxam (Uniform) 11 + 4 — ND ND NC ND NC ND ND NC NC NC P G G NC NC

boscalid (Endura) 7 7 to 21 ND ND NC ND NC ND NC G NC ND NC NC ND E P

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 7 0 ND ND NC ND NC ND NC G NC ND NC NC ND E F

dicloran (Botran) 14 — NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC F NC

fluazinam (Omega 500) 29 30 ND ND NC NC NC NC ND G NC NC NC NC ND G F

chlorothalonil (various) M 7 P F NC G NC G F NC NC ND NC NC NC NC NC

cyprodonil + fludioxonil (Switch) 9 + 12 7 ND ND NC ND NC ND NC G NC ND NC NC ND E P

fixed copper (various) M 0 NC P F P F P F P F P NC NC NC NC NC

iprodione (Rovral) 2 — P NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NC F G NC

mefenoxam (Ridomil) 4 — NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC FR GR NC NC NC

pyraclostrobin (Headline) 11 7 to 21 G G NC G NC E ND P NC ND F ND F NC F

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Priaxor) 7 + 11 7 to 21 G G NC G NC E ND G NC ND F ND F E F

sulfur (various) M 0 NC F NC F NC F P P NC F NC NC NC NC NC

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3 7 NC NC NC F NC G NC F NC NC NC NC P NC G

thiophanate-methyl (Topsin M) 1 14 to 28 P F NC G NC ND NC NC NC ND NC NC P F NC

1 Efficacy ratings do not necessarily indicate a labeled use for every disease.F To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally

considered “low risk” with no signs of resistance developing to the majority of fungicides.R Resistance reported in the pathogen.

527

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-20. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in BeansScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data

Strategy Ant

hrac

nose

Ash

y st

em b

light

Bot

rytis

gra

y m

old

Cer

cosp

ora

Com

mon

bac

teria

l blig

ht

and

halo

blig

ht

Fusa

rium

root

rot

Mos

aic

viru

ses

Pow

dery

mild

ew

Pyth

ium

dam

ping

off

Rhi

zoct

onia

root

rot

Roo

t kno

t

Rus

t(m

ore

on p

ole

bean

s)

Sout

hern

blig

ht

(Scl

erot

ium

rolfs

ii)

Whi

te m

old

(Scl

erot

ini)

Avoid field operations when leaves are wet E NC E F E NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC NC

Avoid overhead irrigation E NC E E E NC NC NC P NC NC E NC G

Change planting date F F NC P F G F P E E P G (early) NC NC

Cover cropping with antagonist NC ND NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC

Crop rotation G P F F G F P P F F G NC F E

Deep plowing E F E P E F NC NC F F E NC E E

Destroy crop residue E F E F E NC NC NC P P F F G E

Encourage air movement E NC E F E NC NC E P NC NC F NC G

Increase between-plant spacing P NC P F P P P P F F NC P F G

Increase soil organic matter NC F NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC

Insecticidal oils NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

pH management NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Plant in well-drained soil F F F NC F E NC NC E E NC NC P F

Plant on raised beds F P F NC F E NC NC E E NC NC P F

Plastic mulch bed covers NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F

Postharvest temperature control NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E

Reflective mulch NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NC NC NC P

Reduce mechanical injury NC NC NC NC NC F P NC NC NC NC NC P NC

Rogue diseased plants NC NC P NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC P F

Row covers NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Soil solarization NC NC P NC NC F NC NC F G F NC F G

Pathogen-free planting material E G NC F E NC G NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Resistant cultivars E G NC E E G E E NC NC NC E NC F

Weed control F NC F NC F F E F NC NC F F P F

528

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Brassicas (Broccoli, Brussel Sprout, Cabbage, Cauliflower)

Table 10-21. Disease Control Products for Broccoli, Brussel Sprout, Cabbage, and CauliflowerRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksAlternaria leaf spot

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Quadris Top 2.72 SC)

14 fl oz/acre 0.3 lb/acre 1 0.5 Apply prior to disease, but when conditions are favorable, on 7 to 14 day schedule. Alternate to a non-QoI fungicide after 1 application. No more than 4 applications per season.

boscalid (Endura 70 EG) 6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 0 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season.

cyprodinil + difenoconazole (Inspire Super 2.82 SC)

16 to 20 fl oz/acre 5.6 to 7.1 oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not exceed 80 fluid ounces per season.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch 62.5WG)

11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply when disease first appears, and continue on 7 to 10 day interval. Do not exceed 56 ounces of product per acre per year.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Priaxor 500 SC)

6.0 to 8.2 fl oz/ acre 0.20 to 0.27 lb/acre 3 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications. Do not apply to turnip greens or roots.

triflumizole (Procure 480SC) 6 to 8 fl oz/acre 3 to 4 oz/acre 1 0.5 Apply when disease first appears and continue on 14 day interval. Do not exceed 18 fluid ounces per season.

Alternaria and gray mold

penthiopyrad (Fontelis 1.67 SC)

14 to 30 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.39 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not exceed 72 fluid ounces of product per year. Make no more than 2 sequential applications per season before rotating to another effective product with a different mode of action.

Black leg iprodione (Rovral 4F) 2 lb/acre2 pt/acre

1 lb/acre1 lb/acre

0 — Apply to base of plant at 2- to 4-leaf stage. A second application may be made up to the harvest date. Do not use as a soil drench. For broccoli only.



Black rot, downy mildew

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard 50WG)

0.5 to 1 oz/acre 0.25 to 0.5 oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications 7 to 10 days after thinning, not to exceed 4 applications per a season.

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label

See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Apply on 7 to 10 day intervals after transplanting or shortly after seeds have emerged. Some reddening on older broccoli leaves and flecking of cabbage wrapper leaves may occur. Check label carefully for recommended rates for each disease on each crop.

Clubroot Cyazofamid (Ranman) 34.5 SC

Transplant:12.9 to 25.75 fl oz/100

gal water

Banded:20 fl oz/acre

0.333 to 0.665 lb/100gal water

0.52 lb/acre

0.5 0 Either apply immediately after transplanting with 1.7 fluid ounces of solution per transplant, or as a banded application with soil incorporation of 6 to 8 inches prior to transplanting. Do not apply more than 39.5 fluid ounces/ acre/season; or 6 (1 soil + 5 foliar) applications per season. Do not make more than 3 consecutive applications without rotating to another fungicide with a different mode of action for 3 subsequent applications.

fluazinam (Omega 500F) Transplant:6.45 fl oz/100 gal water

Banded: 2.6 pts/acre

0.002 lb/gal water

1.36 lb/acre

50 50Either apply directly as a drench to transplants or as a banded application with soil incorporation of 6 to 8 inches prior to transplanting. Use of product can delay harvest and cause some stunting without adverse effects on final yields.

Downy mildew

amectoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro)

14 fl oz/acre 0.48 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Addition of an adjuvant may improve performance (see label for specifics).

cyazofamid (Ranman 400 SC)

2.75 fl oz/acre 0.072 lb/acre 0 0.5 Begin applications on a 7 to 10 day schedule when disease first appears or weather is conducive. Do not apply more than 39.5 fluid ounces/acre/season; or 6 (1 soil + 5 foliar) applications per season. Do not make more than 3 consecutive applications without rotating to another fungicide with a different mode of action for 3 subsequent applications.

dimethomorph (Forum) 6 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Use as a preventive application before infection occurs. The minimum application interval is 7 days.

fluopicolide (Presidio 4 SC) 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 No more than 2 sequential applications before rotating to another effective product of a different mode of action. Limited to 4 applications, 12 fluid ounces/ acre per season.

fosetyl-AL (Aliette 80WDG) 2 to 5 lb/acre 1.6 to 4 lb/acre 3 1 Apply when disease first appears; then repeat on 7 to 21 day intervals. Do not tank mix with copper fungicides. A maximum of 7 applications can be made per season. Also for loose-heading Chinese cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, and greens (collard, mustard, and rape).

mandipropamid(Revus 2.08 SC)

8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 0.5 Apply prior to disease development and continue throughout season at 7 to 10 day intervals; maximum 32 fluid ounces per season.

529

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDowny mildew(continued)

potassium phosphite 2 to 4 pt/acre 2.1 lb/acre 0 4 hr Apply when weather is foggy as a preventative. Do not apply to plants under water or temperature stress. Spray solution should have a pH greater than 5.5. Apply in at least 30 gallons water per acre.

Downy mildew, Alternaria leaf spot

azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08 F) 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz 0.1 to 0.25 lb 0 4 hr





fenamidone (Reason 500SC) 5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 lb/acre 2 0.5 Begin applications on a 5 to 10 day schedule when disease first appears or weather is conducive. Do not apply more than 24.6 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than 1 application without rotating to another fungicide with a different mode of action.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label

See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance of disease and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval.

mefenoxam + chlorothalonil (Ridomil Gold/Bravo)

1.5 lb/acre — 7 2 Begin applications when conditions favor disease but prior to symptoms. Under severe disease pressure use additional fungicides between 14 day intervals. Do not make more than four applications per crop.

Powdery mildew

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Quadris Top 2.72 SC)

14 fl oz/acre 0.3 lb/acre 1 0.5 Apply prior to disease, but when conditions are favorable, on 7 to 14 day schedule. Alternate to a non-QoI fungicide after 1 application. No more than 4 applications per season.

boscalid (Endura 70 EG) 6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 0 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season; disease suppression only.




10 to 12 oz/acre 6.25 to 7.5 oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply when disease first appears, and continue on 7 to 10 day intervals. Do not exceed 56 ounces of product per acre per year.






See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Apply when disease first appears; then repeat as needed on 14 day interval. Avoid applying on days over 90 degrees F. Also for use on greens (collard, kale, and mustard), rutabaga, and turnip.

triflumizole (Procure 480 SC) 6 to 8 fl oz/acre 3 to 4 oz/acre 1 0.5 Apply when disease first appears and continue on 14 day interval. Do not exceed 18 fluid ounces per season.

Pythium damping off, Phytophthora basal stem rot

fluopicolide (Presidio 4 F) 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 Apply as a soil drench at transplant. As plants enlarge, use apply directly to soil by chemigation on a 7 to 10 day schedule as conditions favor disease, but prior to disease development. No more than 2 sequential applications before rotating to another effective product of a different mode of action. Limited to 4 applications, 12 fluid ounces/ acre per season,

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold 4 SL)

0.25 to 2 pt/acre 0.12 to 1.0 lb/acre — 2 Apply 1 to 2 pt per acre as a broadcast, preplant application to soil and incorporate in top 2 in. of soil. For Pythium control, use only 0.25 to 0.5 pt per acre.

metalaxyl (MetaStar 2 E AG) 4 to 8 pt/ trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/acre — 2 Preplant incorporated or surface application.

Rhizoctonia bottom rot

boscalid (Endura 70 WP) 6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 0 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season; disease suppression only.

Rhizoctonia stem (wirestem) and root rot

azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08 SC)

5.8 to 8.7 fl oz/ acre on 36-in. rows

0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Rate is equivalent to 0.4 to 0.6 fluid ounce per 1000 row feet. Apply at planting as a directed spray to the furrow in a band 7 inches wide. See label for other row spacings.

flutolanil (Convoy) 26 fl oz/acre 45 0.5 Apply fungicide to the row at planting as an in-furrow or directed spray at the base of transplants. If applied as soil drench at planting, observe 45 day PHI.

530

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksSclerotinia stem rot (white mold)

boscalid (Endura 70 EG) 6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 0 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season.



Coniothyrium minitans (Contans WG)


Table 10-22. Efficacy of Products for Disease Control in BrassicasScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Product1,2 Fung

icid

e gr

oupF

Preh

arve

st in

terv

al (D

ays)

Alte

rnar

ia L

eaf S

pot

Bac

teria

l Sof

t Rot

Bla

ck R

ot

Bla

ck L

eg

Bot

tom

Rot

(Rhi

zoct

onia

)

Cer

cosp

ora

& C

erco

spor

ella

Clu

broo

t

Dow

ny M

ildew

Pow

dery

Mild

ew

Pyth

ium

dam

ping

-off

Scle

rotin

ia/R

aisi

n H

ead

Wire

stem

(Rhi

zoct

onia

)

azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris) 11 — E NC NC ND ND F NC F F NC NC Pboscalid (Endura) 7 0 to 14 G NC NC F NC NC NC P P NC F Fchlorothalonil (various) M 7 F NC NC NC P F NC F F NC NC NCcyazofamid (Ranman) 21 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NCtebuconazole (Folicur, Tebuzol, Tegrol) 3 7 F NC NC ND NC F NC NC ND NC NC NCcyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch) 9 + 12 7 F NC NC NC NC F NC NC F NC NC NCdimethomorph (Forum) 40 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NCfenamidone (Reason) 11 2 F NC NC NC NC F NC E NC NC NC NCfluopicolide (Presidio) 43 2 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC NC NC NCamectoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro) 45 + 40 0 to 7 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC NC NC NCfixed copper (various)3 M 0 P NC F NC NC P NC F F NC NC NCfosteyl-Al4 (Aliette) 33 3 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NCiprodione (Rovral)5 2 — NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC P Pdifenoconazole + cyprodinil (Inspire Super) 3 + 9 7 G NC NC ND NC G NC NC F NC P NCpenthiopyrad (Fontelis) 7 0 E NC NC ND NC ND NC NC G NC G NCmandipropamid (Revus) 40 1 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC NC NC NCmancozeb (various) M 7 F NC P NC NC F NC F P NC NC NCmefenoxam (Ridomil Gold EC) pre-plant 4 — NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC FR NC NCmefenoxam + chlorothalonil (Ridomil Gold Bravo) 4 + M 7 F NC NC NC P F NC F F NCR NC NCfluazinam (Omega 500) 6 29 20 to 50 NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NCpyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 11 — E NC NC ND NC E NC F F NC NC NCsulfur (various) M 0 P NC NC NC NC P NC P F NC NC NC

1 Efficacy ratings do not necessarily indicate a labeled use for every disease.

2 Fungicides registered specifically on Cole crops (cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli) include chlorothalonil, iprodione, maneb, and mefenoxam + chlorothalonil. Pyraclostrobin is labeled only on turnip tops. Fosteyl-Al is not labeled on turnips. Always refer to product labels prior to use.

3 Phytotoxicity is seen when fosteyl-Al is tank-mixed with copper.4 When used in combination with fosteyl-Al or maneb.5 Applications of iprodione made for black leg may suppress Alternaria, Sclerotinia, and wirestem on broccoli.6 Use a 20 day PHI for Omega 500 on leafy greens and a 50 day PHI for Cole brassicas. Use a zero day PHI for Zampro on leafy greens and a 7 day PHI

on Cole crops.F To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally


531

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-23. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in BrassicasScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data

Strategy Alte

rnar

ia le

af s

pot

Bac

teria

l sof

t rot

Bla

ck ro

t

Bla

ck le

g

Bot

tom

rot (

Rhi

zoct

onia

)

Cer

cosp

ora

Clu

broo

t

Dow

ny m

ildew

Pow

dery

mild

ew

Pyth

ium

Scle

rotin

ia h

ead

Wire

stem

(Rhi

zoct

onia

)

Avoid field operations when leaves are wet P F G F F P NC P NC NC NC NC

Avoid overhead irrigation E E E E F E NC G P NC NC NC

Change planting date P P NC NC P NC NC NC NC P NC F

Cover cropping with antagonist NC NC NC NC NC NC P NC NC P NC NC

Crop rotation F F G G P F NC F NC NC P P

Deep plowing F F G G F F NC F NC NC F F

Destroy crop residue F F G G F F NC F NC NC P P

Encourage air movement F P P P F F NC F NC P F NC

Increase between-plant spacing F P P P F F NC F NC P F NC

Increase soil organic matter NC NC NC NC P NC P NC NC NC NC P

Hot water seed treatment P NC E G NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

pH management NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC NC NC NC NC

Plant in well-drained soil P F P P G P E P NC F F G

Plant on raised beds NC F P NC G NC E P NC F F G

Plastic mulch bed covers P NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Postharvest temperature control NC E NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Reflective mulch NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Reduce mechanical injury NC E G NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F P

Rogue diseased plants P NC NC F P NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Row covers NC P NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Soil solarization NC NC NC P F NC NC NC NC P P F

Pathogen-free planting material F NC E E F NC G NC NC NC P F

Resistant cultivars NC NC E NC NC NC P F F NC NC P

Weed control F NC F F NC F F F F NC F NC

Cantaloupe — See Cucurbits

532

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Corn, Sweet

Table 10-24. Disease Control Products for Corn, Sweet


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksVarious seedling diseases

mefenoxam + PCNB + Bacillus subtilis GB03 (System 3)

3 oz/bu of seed _ 1 Seed treatment

pyraclostrobin (Stamina) 1.6 fl oz/100 lbs of seed

Seed treatment

fludioxonil (Maxim 4FS) 0.16 fl oz/100 lbs of seed

0.5 Seed treatment

Soilborne diseases fluoxastrobin (Aftershock) 0.16 to 0.24 fl oz/ 1000 row feet

0.07 to 0.10 oz/ 1000 row feet

7 0.5 May be applied as a banded or in-furrow spray. Consult label for specifics.

Rust, Helminthosporium Leaf blight (Northern and Southern Blight)

chlorothalonil (various) See label See label See label See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance, 4 to 14 day intervals.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Start applications when disease first appears and repeat at 4 to 7 day intervals.

Rust, Northern and Southern Blight, Gray Leaf Spot, Northern leaf spot

tebuconazole (various) 4 to 6 oz/acre 1.5 to 2.3 oz/acre 7 0.5 For optimum results use as a preventative treatment. Folicur 3.6 F must have 2 to 4 hours of drying time on foliage for the active ingredient to move systemically into plant tissue before rain or irrigation occurs.

Anthracnose, Gray leaf spot, Northern and southern corn leaf blights and spots, southern rust, rust

propiconazole (Tilt) 2 to 4 fl oz/acre 14 1 16 fluid ounces per acre per crop maximum.

penthiopyrad (Vertisan) 10 to 24 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 No more than 2 sequential applications of the fungicide before switching to a fungicide with another mode of action.

fluoxastrobin (Aftershock) 3.8 fl oz/acre _ 0.5 Soil and foliar treatments.

pyraclostrobin (Headline SC & EC)

6 to 12 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Do not exceed 2 sequential applications of this fungicide or with other group 11 fungicides.

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 6.0 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 7 4 hr Use lower rate for rust. Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.

fluoxastrobin + tebuconazole (Evito T)

4 to 9 fl oz/acre 0.052 to 0.163 lb/ acre

7 19 No more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin + metconazole (Headline AMP)

10 to 14.4 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 No more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a different mode of action.

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Quilt)

10.5 to 14 fl oz/acre 0.14 to 0.18 lb/acre 14 1 Apply when disease first appears; continue to apply on a 14 day interval if favorable conditions persist.

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Quilt XCEL)

10.5 to 14 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Alternate Quilt Xcel sprays with another mode of action than a group 11 fungicide.

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Avaris)

7 to 14 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Alternate Avaris sprays with another mode of action than a group 11 fungicide.

trifloxystrobin +propiconazole (Stratego)

10 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Apply Stratego when disease first appears and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Alternate applications of Stratego with another product with a different mode of action than Group 11 fungicides.

trifloxystrobin +propiconazole (Stratego YLD)

4 to 5 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Alternate Stratego YLD sprays with another mode of action than a group 11 fungicide.


4 to 8 fl oz/acre 1.7 to 3.4 oz/acre 7 0.5 Do not make more than two sequential applications of Priaxor before switching to a fungicide with a different mode of action. May be used with adjuvants (consult label for specifics).

tebuconazole +prothioconazole (Prosaro 421SC)

6.5 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Check label for restrictions and information about adjuvants. Effective on Eye Spot.

533

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Cucurbits (Cucumber, Cantaloupe, Melon, Pumpkin, Squash, Watermelon)

Table 10-25. Disease Control Products for CucurbitsRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksAngular leaf spot, Bacterial leaf spot

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Repeated use may cause leaf yellowing.

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) 50 WP

0.5 to 1 oz/acre 0.25 to 0.5 oz/acre 0 05 Apply to healthy, actively growing plants. Do not apply to stressed plants. Apply no more than 8 ounces per acre per season.

Bacterial fruit blotch fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Start applications at first bloom; ineffective once fruit reaches full size. Repeated use may cause leaf yellowing.

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) 50 WP

0.5 to 1 oz/acre 0.25 to 0.5 oz/acre 0 0.5 Apply to healthy, actively growing plants. Do not apply to stressed plants. Apply no more than 8 ounces per acre per season.

Bacterial wilt See Insect Control section for Cucumber Beetles.

Belly (fruit) rot,Rhizoctonia

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F

See label See label 1 4 hr Make banded application to soil surface or in-furrow application just before seed are covered.

azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil (Quadris Opti)

3.2 pints/acre 1 0.5 Do not apply more than one foliar application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not make more than 4 applications of QoI group 11 fungicides per crop per acre per year.

fluopyram + tebuconazole(Luna Experience) 3.3 F

17 fl oz/acre 0.27 to 0.44 lb/acre 7 0.5 APPLY ONLY TO WATERMELON. Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a fungicide with different active ingredients. Do not rotate with tebuconazole.


0.5 lb/acre 0.35 lb/acre 0 0.5 Apply in sufficient water to obtain runoff to soil surface.

Cottony leak (Pythium)

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E

4 to 8 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/treated acre

0 2 Soil surface application in 7-inch band.

Damping off (Pythium)and fruit rot

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 SL 1 to 2 pt/treated acre

0.5 to 1 lb/acre 0 2 Preplant incorporated (broadcast or band); soil spray (broadcast or band); or injection (drip irrigation).


4 to 8 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/acre 0 2 Preplant incorporated or surface application.

propamocarb (Previcur Flex) 6 F

12.8 fl oz/100 gal 0.6 lb/100 gal 2 0.5 Rates based on rock wool cube saturation in the greenhouse. See label for use in seed beds, drip system, and soil drench.

Downy mildew ametoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro) 4.38 SC

14 oz/A 0.48 lb/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a fungicide with different active ingredients. Do not rotate with Forum. Maximum of 3 applications per crop per season.


11 to 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.25 lb/acre 1 4 hr Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season. Resistance reported.




chlorothalonil + potassium phosphite (Catamaran) 5.27 SC

6 pints/acre 3.3 pints/acre 0 0.5 Apply no more than 50 pints per crop per acre per season.

chlorothalonil + zoxamide (Zing!)

36 fl oz/acre 1.18 lb/acre0.20 lb/acre

0 0.5 May cause sunburn in watermelon fruit, see label for details.

cyazofamid (Ranman) 400 SC

2.1 to 2.75 fl oz/acre 0.054 to 0.071 lb/ acre

0 0.5 Do not apply more than 6 sprays per crop. Make no more than 3 consecutive applications followed by 3 applications of fungicides from a different resistance management group.

cymoxanil (Curzate) 60 DF

3.2 oz/acre 1.9 oz/acre 3 0.5 Use only in combination with labeled rate of protectant fungicide (e.g., mancozeb or chlorothalonil).

dimethomorph (Forum) 4.17SC

6 fl oz/acre 3.13 oz/acre 0 0.5 Must be applied as a tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not make more than two sequential applications.

famoxadone + cymoxanil (Tanos) 50WP

8 oz/acre 4 oz/acre 3 0.5 Do not make more than one application before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action. Must be tank-mixed with contact fungicide with a different mode of action.

Fenamidone(Reason) 500 SC

5.5 fl oz/acre 0.178 lb/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 22 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with fungicide from different resistance management group, and make no more than 4 total applications of Group 11 fungicides per season.

534

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDowny mildew(continued)


Fluazinam(Omega 500F)

0.75 to 1.5 pints/acre 30 0.5 APPLY ONLY TO MELONS. Initiate applications when conditions are favorable for disease development or when disease symptoms first appear. Repeat applications on a 7- to 10-day schedule.

fluopicolide (Presidio) 4F

3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 Tank mix with another downy mildew fungicide with a different mode of action.

fosetyl-AL (Aliette) 80 WDG 2 to 5 lb/acre 1.6 to 4 lb/acre 0.5 0.5 Do not tank mix with copper-containing products. Mixing

with surfactants or foliar fertilizers is not recommended.

mandipropamid (Revus) 2.08F

8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 0.5 For disease suppression only. Resistance reported.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Labeled on all cucurbits.

mefenoxam + chlorothalonil(Ridomil Gold Bravo, Flouronil) 76.5 WP

2 to 3 lb/acre 1.5 lb/acre 7 2 Spray at first appearance and repeat at 14 day intervals. Apply full rate of protectant fungicide between applications. Avoid late-season application when plants reach full maturity. Resistance reported.

oxathiapiprolin + chlorothalonil (Orondis Opti SC)

1.7 to 2.5 pt/acre 0 0.5 Limit to 10 pt per acre per year. Limit to six foliar applications per acre per year for the same crop. Do not follow soil applications of Orondis with foliar applications of Orondis. Begin foliar applications prior to disease development and continue on a 5- to 14-day interval. Use the higher rates when disease is present.

oxathiapiprolin (Orondis Ultra A)mandipropamid (Orondis Ultra B)

2.0 to 4.8 fl oz/acre

8 fl oz/acre

0

0

4 hr

4 hr

Limit to 19.2 fl oz of Orondis Ultra A and 32 fl oz of Orondis Ultra B per acre per year. Limit to six foliar applications per acre per year for the same crop. Do not follow soil applications of Orondis with foliar applications of Orondis. Begin foliar applications prior to disease development and continue on a 5- to 14-day interval. Use the higher rates when disease is present.

propamocarb (Previcur Flex) 6 F

1.2 pt/acre 0.9 lb/acre 2 0.5 Begin applications before infection; continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Do not apply more than 6 pints per growing season. Always tank mix with another Downy mildew product.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 WG

8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Resistance reported.

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine) 38 WG

12.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 4.8 to 7 oz/acre 0 1 Make no more than 4 applications per season. Resistance reported.

trifloxystrobin (Flint) 50 WDG

4 oz/acre 2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Begin applications preventatively and continue as needed alternating applications of Ridomil Gold Bravo on a 7 to14 day interval. Resistance reported.

zoxamide + mancozeb (Gavel) 75 DF

1.5 to 2 lb 1.13 to 1.5 lb 5 2 Begin applications when plants are in 2-leaf stage, and repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals. Now labeled on all cucurbits. Maximum 8 applications per season.

Fusarium wilt prothioconazole (Proline 480 SC)

5.7 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 One soil and two foliar applications allowed by either ground or chemigation application equipment (including drip irrigation). Do not use in water used for hand transplanting. Not for use in greenhouse/transplant house.

Gummy stem blight, Black rot




prothioconazole (Proline 480 SC)

5.7 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 One soil and two foliar applications allowed by either ground or chemigation application equipment (including drip irrigation). Do not use in water used for hand transplanting. Not for use in greenhouse/transplant house.

tebuconazole (Monsoon) 3.6 F

8 oz/acre 2 lb/acre 7 0.5 Maximum 3 applications per season. Apply as a protective spray at 10 to 14 day intervals. Add a surfactant.

Leaf spots: Alternaria, Anthracnose (Colletotrichum), Cercospora, Gummy stem blight (Didymella), Target spot (Corynespora)


11 to 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.25 lb/acre 1 4 hr Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season. Do not use for Gummy stem blight where resistance to group 11(QoI) fungicides exists.



535

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksLeaf spots: Alternaria, Anthracnose (Colletotrichum), Cercospora, Gummy stem blight (Didymella), Target spot (Corynespora) (continued)

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole(Quadris Top) 1.67 SC

12 to 14 fl oz/acre 3.6 to 4.2 fl oz/acre 1 0.5 Not for Target spot. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 56 fluid ounces per crop per acre per season.



6 pints/acre 3.3 pints/acre 0 0.5 Apply no more than 50 pints per crop per acre per season. Do not apply to watermelon fruit when stress conditions conducive to sunburn occur.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch) 62.5 WG

11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.9 oz/acre 1 0.5 Only for Alternaria and Gummy stem blight. Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a different fungicide. Maximum of 4 to 5 applications at high and low rates.

difenoconazole + cyprodinil(Inspire Super) 2.82 SC

16 to 20 fl oz/acre 5.3 to 7.1 oz/acre 7 0.5 Not for Target spot. Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 80 fluid ounces per crop per acre per season.

famoxadone + cymoxanil(Tanos) 50WP

8 oz/acre 4 oz/acre 3 0.5 Only for Alternaria and Anthracnose; do not make more than one application before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action; must be tank-mixed with contact fungicide with a different mode of action

fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC

5.5 fl oz/acre 0.178 lb/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 22 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with fungicide from different resistance management group, and make no more than 4 total applications of Group 11 fungicides per season.


mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Labeled on all cucurbits.

fluopyram + tebuconazole(Luna Experience) 3.3 F

8 to 17 fl oz/acre 0.27 to 0.44 lb/acre 7 0.5 APPLY ONLY TO WATERMELON. Not for Cercospora or target spot. Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a fungicide with different active ingredients. Do not rotate with tebuconazole.

fluopyram + trifloxystrobin(Luna Sensation) 1.67 F

7.6 fl oz/acre 0.25 lb/acre 0 0.5 APPLY ONLY TO WATERMELON and only to control Alternaria and Anthracnose. Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a fungicide with different active ingredients. Maximum 4 applications per season.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Merivon 500 SC)

4 to 5.5 fl oz/ acre 0.26 to 0.36 lb/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications per crop.

polyoxin D zinc salt (OSO 5% SC)

3.75 to 13 fl oz/acre 0.21 to 0.72 oz/acre 0 4 hr Begin preventive sprays when conditions favor disease development, and continue on a 7-14 day spray interval as needed.

potassium phosphite + tebuconazole (Viathon)

4 pints/acre 0.21 lb 7 0.5 APPLY ONLY TO WATERMELON. Maximum 3 applications per crop.


12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not use for Gummy stem blight where resistance to group 11 (QoI) fungicides exists. Make no more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin + boscalid(Pristine) 38 WG

12.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 4.8 to 7 oz/acre 0 1 Not for target spot. Do not use for gummy stem blight where resistance to group 7 and group 11 fungicides exists. Use highest rate for anthracnose. Make no more than 4 applications per season.


0.5 lb/acre 0.35 lb/acre 0 0.5 Spray at first appearance and then at 7 to 10 day intervals. Resistance reported in gummy stem blight fungus.

zoxamide + mancozeb (Gavel) 75 DF

1.5 to 2 lb 1.13 to 1.5 lb 5 2 Cercospora and Alternaria only. Begin applications when plants are in 2-leaf stage, and repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals. Now labeled on all cucurbits. Maximum 8 applications per season.

Phytophthora blight ametoctradin + dimethomorph(Zampro) 4.38SC

14 oz/A 0.48 lb/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a fungicide with different active ingredients. Do not rotate with Forum. Maximum of 3 applications per crop per season. Apply at planting as a preventive drench treatment. Addition of a spreading or penetrating adjuvant is recommended


2.75 fl oz/acre 0.071 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not apply more than 6 sprays per crop. Make no more than 3 consecutive applications followed by 3 applications of fungicides from a different resistance management group. Resistant isolates have been found.

dimethomorph (Forum) 4.17SC

6 fl oz/acre 3.13 oz/acre 0 0.5 Must be applied as a tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not make more than two sequential applications.

536

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPhytophthora blight(continued)

fluopicolide (Presidio) 4F

3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 Tank mix with another Phytophthora fungicide with a different mode of action. May be applied through drip irrigation to target crown rot phase.


8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 0 0.5 For disease suppression only; apply as foliar spray with copper based fungicide.

oxathiapiprolin (Orondis Gold 200)mefenoxam (Orondis Gold B)


1.0 to 2.0 pt/acre

0

0

4 hr

0 hr

Limit to 38.6 fl oz of Orondis Gold 200 per acre per year. Limit to four applications per acre per year for the same crop. Do not follow soil applications of Orondis with foliar applications of Orondis. Apply at planting in furrow, by drip, or in transplant water. Use the higher rates for heavier soils, for longer application intervals, or for susceptible varieties.

oxathiapiprolin (Orondis Ultra A)mandipropamid (Orondis Ultra B)


8 fl oz/acre

0

0

4 hr

4 hr

Limit to 19.2 fl oz of Orondis Ultra A and 32 fl oz of Orondis Ultra B per acre per year. Limit to six foliar applications per acre per year for the same crop. Do not follow soil applications of Orondis with foliar applications of Orondis. Begin foliar applications prior to disease development and continue on a 5- to 14-day interval. Use the higher rates when disease is present.

Plectosporium blight azoxystrobin + difenoconazole(Quadris Top) 1.67 SC

12 to 14 fl oz/acre 3.6 to 4.2 fl oz/acre 1 0.5 Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 56 fluid ounces per crop per acre per season.


11 to 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.25 lb/acre 1 4 hr Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season, and do not make more than four applications of Group 11 products.



trifloxystrobin (Flint) 50 WDG

1.5 to 2 oz/acre 0.75 to 1 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Begin applications preventively when conditions are favorable for disease and continue as needed on a 7 to 14 day interval.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20WG

12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than 1 application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

Powdery mildew acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) 50 WP





12 to 14 fl oz/acre 3.6 to 4.2 fl oz/acre 1 0.5 Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 56 fluid ounces per crop per acre per season.




difenoconazole + cyprodinil(Inspire Super) 2.82 SC

16 to 20 fl oz/acre 5.2 to 6.5 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 80 fl oz per crop per acre per season.


11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.9 oz/acre 1 0.5 Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a different fungicide. Maximum of 4 to 5 applications at high and low rates. Not for target spot or anthracnose or cecospora.


cyflufenamid (Torino) 0.85 SC

3.4 oz/acre 0.02 lb/acre 0 4 hr Do not make more than 2 applications per crop.

fluopyram + tebuconazole(Luna Experience) 3.3F

8 to 17 fl oz/acre 0.27 to 0.44 lb/acre 7 0.5 APPLY ONLY TO WATERMELON. Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a fungicide with different active ingredients. Do not rotate with tebuconazole.



metrafenone (Vivando) 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.3 lb/acre 0 0.5 Supplemental label expires Dec. 31, 2017. Begin applications prior to disease and continue in a 7- to 10-day interval.

myclobutanil (Rally) 40 WP

2.5 to 5 oz/acre 1 to 2 oz/acre 0 1 Apply no more than 1.5 pound per acre per crop. Observe a 30-day plant-back interval.

537

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPowdery mildew (continued)

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 SC

12 to 16 fl oz/acre 0.16 to 0.21 lb/acre 1 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before switching to another fungicide. Do not rotate with Pristine or Luna Experience.

pyraclostrobin + boscalid(Pristine) 38 WG

12.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 4.8 to 7 oz/acre 0 1 Make no more than 4 applications per season.

quinoxyfen (Quintec) 2.08 SC

4 to 6 fl oz/acre 1 to 1.3 fl oz/acre 3 0.5 Make no more than 2 applications before alternating to a different fungicide. Maximum of 24 fluid ounces/acre per year. DO NOT USE ON SUMMER SQUASH or CUCUMBER; labeled on winter squashes, pumpkins, gourds, melon and watermelon.

sulfur (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Do not use when temperature is over 90 degrees F or on sulfur-sensitive varieties.

tebuconazole (Monsoon) 3.6F

4 to 6 fl oz/acre 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 7 0.5 Apply before disease appears when conditions favor development and repeat at 10 to 14 day intervals; max 24 fluid ounces per season.

triflumizole (Procure) 50 WS

4 to 8 oz/acre 2 to 4 oz/acre 0 0.5 Begin applications at vining or first sign of disease, and repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals.

Scab acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) 50 WP





Vine decline (Monosporascus cannonballus)

fludioxonil (Cannonball WG)

4 to 8 oz/acre 14 0.5 APPLY ONLY TO MELONS.

538

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-26. Efficacy of Products for Disease Control in CucurbitsScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Product1 Fung

icid

e gr

oupF

Preh

arve

st in

terv

al

(Day

s)

Alte

rnar

ia L

eaf S

pot

Ang

ular

Lea

fspo

t

Ant

hrac

nose

Bac

teria

l Fru

it B

lotc

h

Bel

ly R

ot

Cer

cosp

ora

Leaf

Sp

ot

Cot

tony

Lea

k

Dam

ping

off

(Pyt

hium

)

Dow

ny M

ildew

Gum

my

Stem

Blig

ht

Phyt

opht

hora

Blig

ht

(folia

ge a

nd fr

uit)

Phyt

opht

hora

Blig

ht

(cro

wn

and

root

)

Plec

tosp

oriu

m B

light

Pow

dery

Mild

ew

Targ

et S

pot

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) 21 0 NC ND NC F NC NC ND ND ND NC ND ND NC ND NC

ametoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro) 45 + 40 0 ND NC NC NC NC NC ND ND F NC G G NC NC NC

Azoxystrobin2 (Quadris) 11 1 G NC G NC F G NC NC NCR NCR NC NC F NCR G

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Quadris Top) 11 + 3 1 ND NC G NC ND ND ND ND ND F ND ND F F ND

Chlorothalonil5 (various) M 0 G NC G NC NC G NC NC F F NC NC F F G

cyazofamid (Ranman) 21 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC ND NC G NC F NC NC NC NC

cyflufenamid (Torino) U6 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC

cymoxanil (Curzate) 27 3 NC NC NC NC NC NC ND ND F NC F NC NC NC NC

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch) 9 + 12 1 ND NC F NC ND ND NC NC NC F NC NC F F NC

difenoconazole + cyprodinil (Inspire Super) 3 + 9 7 ND NC ND NC NC ND NC NC NC F NC NC F F ND

dimethomorph (Forum) 40 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC P NC P NC NC NC NC

Famoxadone2 + cymoxanil (Tanos) 11 + 27 3 ND NC ND NC NC ND NC NC F NC ND NC NC NC NC

fenamidone (Reason) 11 14 F NC NC NC NC NC ND NC FR NC F NC NC NC NC

fixed copper (various)P M 1 P F P F NC F NC NC P P ND NC P P P

fluopicolide (Presidio) 43 2 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC PR NC F F NC NC NC

fluopyram + tebuconazole (Luna Experience) 7 + 3 7 ND NC NC NC ND NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC G NC

fluopyram + trifloxystrobin (Luna Sensation) 7 + 11 0 ND NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC F NC

kresoxim-methyl (Sovran) 11 0 ND NC ND NC ND ND NC NC ND NCR ND NC ND NCR ND

mancozeb (various)5 M 5 F NC G NC NC G NC NC F F P NC F P G

mancozeb + fixed copper4 (ManKocide) M + M 5 P F P F NC P NC NC F NC P NC P P F

mandipropamid (Revus) 40 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NCR NC F P NC NC NC

mefenoxam4,3 (Ridomil Gold EC, Ultra Flourish) 4 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC FR GR NC NC FR FR NC NC NC

Mefenoxam2 + chlorothalonil5 (Ridomil Gold/Bravo, Flouronil) 4 + M 0 F NC NC NC NC F FR FR FR NC FR NC F F F

Mefenoxam2 + copper5 (Ridomil Gold/Copper) 4 + M 5 P P F P NC P FR FR FR P FR NC P NC P

Mefenoxam2 + mancozeb5 (Ridomil Gold MZ ) 4 + M 5 F NC F NC NC F FR FR FR F FR NC F NC F

Myclobutanil2 (Rally) 3 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC

Oxathiapiprolin (Orondis Opti, Orondis Ultra, Orondis Gold)

U15 0 ND NC ND NC ND ND NC NC G ND G G ND ND ND

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 7 1 ND NC F NC ND ND NC NC NC NCR NC NC NC F NC

Phosphonate6 (Aliette, Agri-Fos, Phostrol, ProPhyte) 33 0.5 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC P NC NC F NC NC NC

potassium phosphite + tebuconazole (Viathon) 33 + 3 7 ND NC ND NC ND ND ND ND P F ND ND NC F NC

propamocarb (Previcur Flex) 28 2 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC ND F NC G NC NC NC NC

pyraclostrobin2 (Cabrio) 11 0 G NC G NC NC ND NC NC NCR NCR P NC G NCR E

pyraclostrobin2 + boscalid (Pristine) 11 + 7 0 G NC F NC ND G NC NC NCR NCR P NC F F E

quinoxyfen (Quintec) 13 3 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC

Sulfur (various) P M 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC

tebuconazole (Monsoon) 3 7 ND NC NC NC NC ND NC NC NC F NC NC NC F NC

thiophanate-methyl3 (Topsin M) 1 1 F NC F NC F F NC NC NC NC NC NC F NCR P

trifloxystrobin3 (Flint) 11 0 G NC G NC ND ND NC NC NCR NCR NC NC G NCR G

triflumizole (Procure) 3 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC

zoxamide + mancozeb (Gavel) 22 + M 5 F NC F NC NC F NC NC F F P NC F P F

1 Efficacy ratings do not necessarily indicate a labeled use for every disease.2 Curative activity; locally systemic.3 Systemic.4 When used in combination with chlorothalonil or mancozeb, gives increased control.5 Contact control only; no systemic control.6 Check manufacturers label for compatibility with other products.P Can be phytotoxic at temperatures above 90 degrees F; read the label carefully.F To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally


539

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-27. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in CucurbitsScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data

Strategy Alte

rnar

ia le

af b

light

Ang

ular

leaf

spo

t

Ant

hrac

nose

Bac

teria

l fru

it bl

otch

Bac

teria

l wilt

Bel

ly ro

t

Cer

cosp

ora

leaf

spo

t

Cho

anep

hora

fru

it ro

t

Cot

tony

leak

Dow

ny m

ildew

Gum

my

stem

blig

ht

Mos

aic

viru

s

Phyt

opht

hora

blig

ht

Plec

tosp

oriu

m b

light

Pow

dery

mild

ew

Pyth

ium

dam

ping

off

Roo

t kno

t

Targ

et s

pot

Avoid field operations when leaves are wet P F P F F NC NC P NC P P NC NC ND NC NC NC NC

Avoid overhead irrigation F F F F P NC P NC NC F F NC F P P NC NC P

Change planting date from Fall to Spring1 G P G P P F G F F G G F F F F G G G

Cover cropping with antagonist NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC

Crop rotation with non-host (2 to 3 years) F F F F NC P F NC NC NC F NC F F NC P F F

Deep plowing P NC P NC NC F P NC NC NC F NC P P NC P F P

Destroy crop residue immediately F P F P P P P NC P F F F P P F NC F P

Encourage air movement2 F P F P NC NC F F F F F NC NC P NC NC NC F

Soil organic amendments3 ND NC ND NC NC P ND NC F NC ND NC P ND NC F F ND

Insecticidal/horticultural oils4 NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC F NC NC NC

pH management (soil) NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC ND NC NC NC ND NC NC ND ND NC

Plant in well-drained soil NC NC NC NC NC F NC P F NC NC NC F NC NC F P NC

Plant on raised beds NC NC NC NC NC P NC P F NC F NC F NC NC F P NC

Plastic mulch bed covers NC NC NC NC NC F NC P F NC F NC F P NC NC NC NC

Postharvest temperature control (fruit) NC NC F F NC F NC F F NC F NC F F NC NC NC NC

Reflective mulch (additional effect over plastic mulch) NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC

Reduce mechanical injury P P P P F P P P P NC P P P P NC NC NC P

Rogue diseased plants/fruit (home garden) F P P P P NC P P P P P F F NC NC P F P

Row covers (insect exclusion) NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NC NC NC

Soil solarization (reduce soil inoculum) P NC P NC NC F P NC P NC P NC P P NC F P P

Pathogen-free planting material P E F E NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC NC NC NC F NC NC

Resistant cultivars5 E E E E E

Destroy volunteer plants F F F F F NC F NC NC F F F F NC F NC P F

1 Early planting reduces risk.2 Air movement can be encouraged by increasing plant spacing, orienting beds with prevailing wind direction and increasing exposure of field to prevailing

wind.3 Soil organic amendments = cover crops; composted organic wastes.4 Insecticidal/Horticultural oil = Sunspray Ultra-Fine Spray Oil (Sun Company, Inc.), JMS Stylet oil; Safe-T-Side (Brandt Consolidated, Inc.); PCC 1223

(United Ag Products).5 Resistance available in some cucurbits.

540

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Example Spray Program for Foliar Disease Control in Watermelon ProductionThis spray program is based on research conducted at the Clemson Coastal Research and Education Center, Charleston, SC, and on a survey of watermelon fields in South Carolina in 2015 and 2016. The most common diseases in both years were gummy stem blight and powdery mildew. The spring program is designed to manage bacterial fruit blotch, bacterial leaf spots, gummy stem blight, powdery mildew, anthracnose, and downy mildew on watermelon. The fall program is designed to manage gummy stem blight, downy mildew, and anthracnose. • Start spraying when vines start to run or no later than when the first blooms (the male ones) open. • From vine run until mid-May, spray every 10 days. After mid-May or when powdery and downy mildew typically show up in your

area, spray every week through harvest regardless of the weather. Weekly sprays are needed to protect watermelon from powdery and downy mildew. Dry weather limits gummy stem blight but promotes powdery mildew; dry weather does not limit downy mildew or anthracnose if they are already present in a field.

• Do not stop spraying until you stop harvesting. Downy and powdery mildew can attack a crop any time it goes more than one week without a fungicide spray. Fungicides with a 7-day PHI are not recommended during the harvest period (usually after week 5); note that mancozeb and Gavel have a 5-day PHI. If more sprays are needed after spray 8 to extend the season during harvesting, apply sprays 5 to 8 again.

If this spray schedule is used to select fungicides for other cucurbits (vine crops), note that not all fungicides in this spray schedule are labeled on other cucurbits. Luna Experience and Luna Sensation are registered only on watermelon. Luna Experience and Luna Sensation are not registered for use in Louisiana. Quintec is not registered on cucumber. To control powdery mildew on other cucurbits or in Louisiana, use Procure in place of Luna fungicides or Quintec.

Table 10-28. Example Spray Program for Foliar Disease Control in Watermelon Production

SprayFungicide Program for Spring Watermelon* Comments on Spring Program

Fungicide Program for Fall Watermelon*

1 (vine run) mancozeb + fixed copper For prevention of bacterial leaf spots. chlorothalonil or Catamaran

2 tebuconazole If fruit blotch or bacterial leaf spots are a concern, add fixed copper. tebuconazole or Luna Sensation

3 chlorothalonil or Catamaran Do not tank mix copper with chlorothalonil or Catamaran. chlorothalonil + Zampro

4 chlorothalonil (or mancozeb) If fruit blotch is a concern, substitute mancozeb + fixed copper. mancozeb + Flint

5a** mancozeb + Quintec The protectant switches here from chlorothalonil to mancozeb to avoid injury to fruit on hot, sunny days. Gavel

5b** Luna Experience Use Luna Experience if powdery mildew is present. (same as 5a)

6 Gavel Note 5-day PHI. Quadris Top

7a** mancozeb + Torino Note 5-day PHI on mancozeb. mancozeb + Ranman

7b** Switch Use Switch if gummy stem blight is present. (same as 7a)

8 mancozeb + Ranman If downy mildew is seen earlier in the season, apply Ranman as soon as possible. chlorothalonil

9-12 If more sprays are needed after spray 8 until the last harvest, apply sprays 5 to 8 again.

* Fungicides that control downy mildew are in bold. Fungicides that control powdery mildew are underlined.

** Option “a” is a lower cost treatment that may be less effective. Option “b” is a more expensive fungicide that also is more effective.

Eggplant

Table 10-29. Disease Control Products for EggplantRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksLeaf blights, fruit rots

azoxystrobin(Quadris) Flowable

6 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Apply at flowering to manage green fruit rot. Limit of 61.5 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole(Quadris Top) 29.6SC

8 to 14 fl oz/acre 2.4 to 4.1 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 55.3 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

boscald(Endura)

2.5 to 3.5 oz/acre 1.75 to 2.45 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 21 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


chlorothalonil + cymoxanil(Ariston)

2 to 2.44 pt/acre 0.84 to 1.02 pt/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 18.1 pints per acre per year.

541

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and Remarksfixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Make

first application 7 to 10 days after transplanting. Carefully examine field for disease to determine need for additional applications. If disease is present, make additional applications at 5-day intervals. Do not spray copper when temperatures are above 90 degrees F.

Leaf blights, fruit rots (continued)

fenamidone(Reason) 500SC

5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 lb/ acre 14 0.5 Limit of 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Make no more than one applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluoxastrobin(Aftershock, Evito 280SC)

2 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 0.81 to 2.30 fl oz/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 22.8 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not overhead irrigate for 24 hours following a spray application.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

mancozeb + copper(ManKocide)

2 to 3 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.8 lb/acre 7 2 Limit of 39 pounds per acre per season.

penthiopyrad(Fontelis)

16 to 24 fl oz/acre 3.26 to 4.89 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 72 fluid ounces per acre per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin(Cabrio) EG 20%

8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 0 4 hr Apply at flowering to manage green fruit rot. Limit of 96 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one sequential application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad(Priaxor)

4.0 to 8.0 fl oz/acre 1.72 to 3.43 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

Phytophthora blight

cyazofamid(Ranman Fungicide)

2.75 fl oz/acre 0.071 lb/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 16.5 fluid ounces per acre per season. Apply to the base of the plant at transplanting or in the transplant water. Make no more than three consecutive applications followed by three consecutive applications of another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Begin applications when conditions first favor disease development and repeat at 3 to 10 day intervals if needed depending on disease severity. Use the higher rates when conditions favor disease. Do not spray copper when temperatures are above 90 degrees F.

dimethomorph(Acrobat, Forum)

6 fl oz/acre 2.61 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 30 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two sequential before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Must tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action.



2 to 3 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.8 lb/acre 7 2 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 39 pounds per acre per season.

mefenoxam + copper hydroxide(Ridomil Gold/Copper)

2 lb/acre 1.3 lb/acre 7 2 See label for an optimal spray program. Limit of four applications per crop per year. Do not exceed 0.4 pound a.i. per acre per season of mefenoxam + metalaxyl (MetaStar).

famoxadone + cymoxanil(Tanos)

8 to 10 oz/acre 4 to 5 oz/acre 3 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Must tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action (i.e. maneb or copper).


8.2 fl oz/acre 0.267 lb/ acre 14 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Make no more than one application before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluazinam(Omega) 500F

1 to 1.5 pt/acre 30 0.5 Apply as a soil drench at 1.5 pints per acre. For foliar applications use 1 pt per acre. Limit of 9 pints per acre per season.

fluopicolide(Presidio)

3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 Limit of 12 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two times sequentially before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Must be tank-mixed with another mode of action product.

mandipropamid(Revus, Micora)

8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 32 fluid ounces per acre per season. NOTE: Must tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action (i.e. copper).

amectoctradin + dimethomorph(Zampro)

14 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 4 0.5 Limit of 42 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two sequential applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

Powdery mildew

azoxystrobin(Quadris) Flowable

6 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.10 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 61.5 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole(Quadris Top) 29.6SC


542

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPowdery Mildew (continued)







6.0 to 8.0 fl oz/acre 2.57 to 3.43 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

Pyraclostrobin(Cabrio) EG

8 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 96 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one sequential application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Southern blight(Sclerotium rolfsii)


2 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 0.81 to 2.30 fl oz/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 22.8 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not overhead irrigate for 24 hours following a spray application.

polyoxin D(OSO 5%)

6.5 to 13 fl oz/acre 0.32 TO 0.72 oz/acre 0 4 hr Suppression only. Can be applied using banded or irrigation water applications. Limit of 4.2 ounces a.i. per acre per season.


12 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 0 4 hr Suppression only. Apply at flowering to manage green fruit rot. Limit of 96 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one sequential application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


4.0 to 8.0 fl oz/acre 1.72 to 3.43 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

Pythium root rot

mefenoxam(Ridomil Gold, Ultra Flourish)

Check label; varies between products


— 2 May only be applied at planting. Apply in a 12 to 16 inches band or in 20 to 50 gallons water per acre in transplant water. Mechanical incorporation or 0.5 to 1 inch irrigation water needed for movement into root zone if rain is not expected. After initial application, two supplemental applications (1 pint per treated acre) can be applied.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2E 4 to 8 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/acre 7 2 Limit of 12 pints per acre per season. Preplant (soil incorporated), at planting (in water or liquid fertilizer), or as a basil-directed spray after planting. See label for the guidelines for supplemental applications.

Rhizoctonia seedling and root rot

azoxystrobin(Equation, Quadris, Satori) Flowable

0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/1,000 row feet

0.006 to 0.013 lb/1,000 row feet

— 4 hr Make in-furrow or banded applications shortly after plant emergence. Under cool, wet conditions, crop injury from soil directed applications may occur.

Verticillium wilt Polyoxin D(OSO 5%)

6.5 to 13 fl oz/acre 0.32 TO 0.72 oz/acre 0 4 hr SUPPRESSION ONLY. Can be applied using banded or irrigation water applications. Limit of 4.2 ounces a.i. per acre per season.

Endive

Table 10-30. Disease Control Products for EndiveRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDowny mildew

amectoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro 525 SC)

14 fl oz/acre 6.6 oz/acre 0 12 hr Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Addition of an adjuvant may improve performance (see label for specifics). Do not apply more than 42 fluid ounces per acre per season.

azoxystrobin (Satori, Quadris) 2.08 F

12.3 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre


0 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.

cymoxanil/famoxadone (Tanos) 8.0 oz 0.178 to 0.267 fl oz 3 0.5 See label for directions.

dimethomorph (Acrobat, Forum) 50 WP

6.4 oz/acre 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Must be applied as a tank mix with another fungicide active against downy mildew. Do not make more than two sequential applications.

fenamidone (Reason 500 SC) 5.5 to 8.2 fl oz 0.178 to 0.267 fl oz 2 0.5 Alternate with fungicides with a different mode of action.

fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80 WDG 2 to 5 lb/acre 1.6 to 4 lb/acre 3 0.5 Do not mix with surfactants, foliar fertilizers, or products containing copper.

fluopicolide (Presidio) 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 fl oz 2 0.5 Must be tank-mixed with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not exceed two sequential applications.

543

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-30. Disease Control Products for EndiveRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDowny mildew (continued)

mandipropamid (Micora) 5.5 to 8 fl oz/A 0.65 to 0.9 fl oz/A — 4 hr Tank mix Micora with a non-Group 40 fungicide and begin applications prior to disease development. DO NOT apply more than two applications per crop, or in consecutive applications.

mandipropamid (Revus) 2.08 F 8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 0.5 Apply prior to disease development and continue throughout season at 7 to 10 day intervals; maximum 32 fluid ounces per season.

Pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 12 to 16 oz/acre 0.1 to 0.20oz/acre 0 0.5

Decay, Seedling blight, damping-off

Fludioxonil (Spirato) 480FS(Maxim) 4FS

0.08-0.16 fl oz/ 100 lb of seed

— 12 Used to control diseases of seed such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Rhizoctonia among others. Does NOT control Pythium or Phytophthora.

Gray mold rot dichloran (Botran 75-W) 2 2/3 lb/acre 1.5 to 2 lb a.i. 14 0.5 Apply 7 days following transplanting. Repeat application when plants are half mature. Do not apply to wilted plants or seedlings. Two applications may be applied per season.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 14 to 24 fl oz/acre

— 0 0.5 Begin applications before disease development. DO NOT make more than two sequential applications before switching to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

Leaf spots azoxystrobin (Satori, Quadris) 2.08 F

6.2 to 15.4 fl oz 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz 0 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.

Cyprodinil/fludioxonil (Switch 62.5 WDG)

11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.8 fl oz 0 0.5 Switch also has activity against basal rot, Sclerotinia and Gray mold. Alternate with a fungicide with a different mode of action after 2 applications.



Pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 12 to 16 oz/acre 0.15 to 0.20 oz/acre 0 0.5

Lettuce drop penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 14 to 24 fl oz/acre


Phytophthora blight and crown rot

Oxathiapiprlin (Orondis) 2.4-19.2 oz/A 0 4 Apply at planting, in furrow, by drip, or in transplant water.

Powdery mildew



Quinoxyfen (Quintec) 6 fl oz — 1 1 Alternate with fungicide with a different mode of action


See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Apply at early leaf stage and repeat every 10 to 14 days or as needed. Do not apply if temperatures are expected to exceed 90 degrees F within 3 days of application due to the risk of crop injury.

Triflumizole (Procure 480 SC) 6 to 8 fl oz/acre 3 to 6 fl oz 0 0.5 Applications should begin prior to disease development. Repeat on a 14-day schedule. Do not apply more than 18 fluid ounces per acre per season.

Pythiumdamping-off

mefenoxam ((Ridomil Gold) 4 SL 1 to 2 pt/trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/trt acre — 2

Soil-incorporate at planting. Use proportionally less for band rate. Apply preplant incorporated or surface application at planting.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 4 to 8 pt/trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/trt acre — 2 Banded over the row, preplant incorporated, or injected with liquid fertilizer.

Rust penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 14 to 24 fl oz/acre



See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Apply at early leaf stage and repeat every 10 to 14 days or as needed. Do not apply if temperatures are expected to exceed 90 degrees F within 3 days of application due to the risk of crop injury.

Septoria leaf spot

Fluxapyroxad; pyraclostrobin (Merivon)

4 fl oz/acre 1 12 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating to a non-group 7 or non-group 11 fungicide. DO NOT apply more than 33 fluid ounces per acre per season.

544

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Garlic

Table 10-31. Disease Control Products for Garlic


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksBotrytis blight, purple blotch,downy mildew

azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris) 2.08 F

6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.10 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Use upper rate for downy mildew and Botrytis. Do not make more than two sequential applications.

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Quadris Top)

14 fl oz/acre 2.38 lb/acre 7 0.5 Begin sprays prior to disease onset and spray on a 7 to 14 day schedule. Do not rotate with Group 11 fungicides.

fluazinam (Omega 500) 1.0 pt/acre 0.52 lb/acre 7 2 Initiate sprays when conditions are favorable for disease or at disease onset. Spray on a 7 to 10 day schedule.

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 6.8 oz/acre 4.8 oz/acre 7 0.5 Not for downy mildew. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications or more than 6 applications per season.



difenoconazole + cyprodinil (Inspire Super)

16 to 20 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Make no more than two applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluopicolide (Presidio) 4F 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 For Botrytis and downy mildew; tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action.

mefenoxam + mancozeb (Ridomil Gold MZ)

2.5 lb/acre — 7 2


2 lb/acre — 7 2 Spray at first appearance, 7 to 14 day intervals.


8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 7 0.5 Not for Botrytis. Use highest rate for downy mildew. Make no more than 2 sequential applications and no more than 6 applications per season.


10.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 4 to 7 oz/acre 7 1 Use highest rate for suppression only on downy mildew. Make no more than 6 applications per season.

pyrimethanil (Scala) 5 F 9 or 18 fl oz/acre 0.35 or 0.7 lb/acre 7 0.5 Not for downy mildew. Use lower rate in a tank mix with broad spectrum fungicide and higher rate when applied alone. Do not apply more than 54 fluid ounces per crop.

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3.6F 4 to 6 fl oz/acre 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 7 0.5 Only labeled for purple blotch; apply before disease appears when conditions favor purple blotch development and repeat at 10 to 14 day intervals; maxim um 32.5 fluid ounces per season.

Downy mildew dimethomorph (Acrobat, Forum) 50 WP



14.0 fl oz/acre 0.47 lb/acre 0 12 hr Tank-mix with a broad-spectrum fungicide like chlorothalonil or mancozeb.

White rot(Sclerotium)


6.2 to 12.3 fl oz/acre 0.10 to 0.20 lb/acre 0 4 hr Do not make more than two sequential applications.

iprodione (Rovral) 50 WP 4 lb/acre 2 lb/acre — 1 Spray cloves as they are being covered by soil (38 to 40 inches bed spacing). One application per year.

metam-sodium (Vapam; Sectagon)

37.5 to 75 gal/acre 160 to 320 lb/acre — 2 Rate is based on soil properties and depth of soil to be treated.

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3.6F 20.5 fl oz/acre 8 lb/acre 7 0.5 Apply in 4 to 6 inch band over/into furrow; maybe applied in chemigation.

Hop

Table 10-32. Disease Control Products for HopRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDowny mildew (Pseudoperonospora humuli)

Fosetyl-Al (Aliette WDG) 2.5/acre 24 0.5 Apply as a directed foliar spray. When conditions are warm and humid applications should be made as follows: (1) when shoots are 6-12 inches high; (2) after training when vines are 5-6 feet tall; (3) approximately three weeks after the second application; and (4) during bloom. Use sufficient volume of water to insure complete coverage of foliage.


dimethomorph (Forum) 6 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin sprays prior to disease. Minimum interval is 10 days. Maximum 3 applications per season.

cymoxanil (Curzate 60DF)

3.2 oz/acre 7 0.5 Tank mix with a protectant fungicide. Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 10- to 14-day intervals.

P potassium phosphite(various)

See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

545

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-32. Disease Control Products for HopRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDowny mildew (Pseudoperonospora humuli) (continued)

metalaxyl (Metastar 2E) 1 qt/acre 45 2 Apply as a soil drench (1qt/acre in 20 gals) and follow with foliar fixed copper applications. Apply as foliar spray (1 quart/acre in 50 gals) in combination with fixed copper. Do not make more than 3 applications per season.

ametoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro)

11 to 14 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 10-day intervals. Do not make more than 3 applications per season.

famoxadone + cymoxanil (Tanos)

8 oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 6- to 8-day intervals. Do not make more than 6 applications per season.

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold SL)

0.50 pt/acre 0.25 pt/acre 45 2 Can apply as soil drench or foliar spray, see label for details. Tank mix with fixed copper.

mandipropamid (Revus) 8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 7 4 hr Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 7- to 10-day intervals. Do not make more than 3 applications per season.


2.5 to 2.75 fl oz/acre 0.054 to 0.071 lb/acre

3 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 7- to 10-day intervals. Do not apply more than 32 fluid ounces per season.

Powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca humuli, S. macularis)

tebuconazole (Folicur 3.6F)

4 to 8 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 10- to 14-day intervals. Do not apply more than 16.5 fluid ounces per acre per season.

trifloxystrobin (Flint) See label See label 14 0.5 Several rates available. Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 10- to 14-day intervals.

fluopyram + trifloxystrobin (Luna Sensation)

3.0 to 7.6 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Several rates available. Begin applications prior to disease and continue on 14-day intervals.

Metrafenone (Vivando) 15.4 fl oz/acre 0.3 lb/acre 3 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than 2 applications per season.

quinoxyfen (Quintec) 8.2 fl oz/acre 21 0.5 Do not make more than 4 applications per season.

Triflumizole (Procure 400 SC)

12 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease and continue at 14-day intervals. Do not apply more than 36 fluid ounces per acre per season.

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine)

See label See label 14 0.5 Ground and aerial applications allowed, see label for details. Begin ground applications prior to disease and continue at 10- to 21-day intervals. Do not make more than 3 applications per season.

Greens, Leafy Brassica (Collard, Kale, Mustard, Rape, Turnip)

Table 10-33. Disease Control Products for Greens, Leafy Brassica Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days


For turnips harvested for roots, see Root Vegetables

Alternaria leaf spot, Cercospora leaf spot, Anthracnose, White spot, and various foliar diseases(see specific labels)

boscalid (Endura 70 WG)

6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season. Not labeled for turnip greens or roots.


12 to 14 fl oz/acre 3.5 to 4.1 oz/acre 1 0.5 Make no more than one application before alternating to another fungicide with Group 11 mode of action (NOT Quadris or Cabrio).

azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08SC)


0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. May be applied to turnip grown for roots.



0.20 to 0.27 lb/acre 3 0.5 No more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications. Do not apply to turnip greens or roots.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio 20 EG)

12 to 16 oz/acre8 to 12 oz/acre

(turnip)

2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre

3 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development and continue on a 7- to 10-day interval. No more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with different mode of action. Cabrio may be used for turnip harvested for leaves. Cabrio cannot be used for turnip grown for roots.

tebuconazole 6 F (various)

3 to 4 oz/acre 1.4 to 1.8 oz/acre 7 0.5 For optimum results use as a preventative treatment. Folicur 3.6 F must have 2 to 4 hours of drying time on foliage for the active ingredient to move systemically into plant tissue before rain or irrigation occurs. May be used for turnip harvested for leaves. Not for use on turnip grown for roots.

546

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksAlternaria leaf spot, Cercospora leaf spot, Anthracnose, White spot, and various foliar diseases(see specific labels) (continued)

cyprodonil + fludioxonil (Switch 62.5WG)

11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply when disease first appears, and continue on 7 to 10 day intervals. See label for complete list of greens.


14 to 30 fl oz/acre 2.9 to 6.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. May be applied to turnips grown for roots.

difenoconazole + cyprodinil (Inspire Super 2.82SC)

16 to 20 fl oz/acre 5.2 to 6.5 oz/acre 7 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

Botrytis gray mold penthiopyrad (Fontelis 1.67 SC)

14 to 30 fl oz/acre 2.9 to 6.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. May be applied to turnips grown for roots.

difenoconazole + cyprodinil (Inspire Super 2.82 SC)


Downy Mildew pyraclostrobin (Cabrio 20 EG)

12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 3 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development and continue on a 7- to 10-day interval. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluopicolide (Presidio 4 SC)

3 to 4 fl. oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 Make applications on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Presidio must be tank mixed with another fungicide with a different mode of action. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before rotating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 12 ounces per acre per season.


2.75 fl. oz/acre 0.072 lb/acre 0 0.5 Make applications on a -7 to 10-day schedule. Do not apply more than 39.5 fluid ounces per acre per crop growing season.

mandipropamid (Revus 2.08 SC)

8.0 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development and continue on a 7- to 10-day interval. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to another effective non-group 40 fungicide. Not labeled for turnip greens or roots.

fenamidone (Reason 500SC)

5.5 to 8.2 oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 lb/ acre

2 0.5 Begin applications as soon as conditions become favorable for disease development. Applications should be made on a 5 to 10 day interval. Do not make more than one application of Reason 500 SC before alternating with a fungicide from a different resistance management group.

amectoctradin + dimethomorph(Zampro 525 SC)

14 fl oz/acre 6.6 oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Addition of an adjuvant may improve performance (see label for specifics).

dimethomorph (Forum 4.16 SC)

6.4 oz/acre 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Must be tank-mixed with another fungicide active against Phytophthora blight. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not make more than 5 applications per season. Not labeled for turnip greens or roots.

fosetyl-Al (Aliette 80W DG)

2 to 5 lb/acre 1.6 to 4 lb/acre 3 1 Apply when disease first appears; then repeat on 7 to 21 day intervals. Do not tank mix with copper fungicides. A maximum of 7 applications can be made per season. Not labeled for turnip greens or roots.

potassium phosphite 2 to 4 pt/acre 2.1 lb/acre 0 4 hr Apply when weather is foggy as a preventative. Do not apply to plants under water or temperature stress. Spray solution should have a pH greater than 5.5. Apply in at least 30 gallons water per acre.

Powdery mildew boscalid (Endura 70 WG)

6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season; disease suppression only.Not labeled for turnip greens or roots.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio 20 EG)

12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 3 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Cabrio may be used for turnip harvested for leaves. Cabrio cannot be used for turnip grown for roots.

triflumizole (Procure 480SC)

6 to 8 oz/acre 2.5 to 3.4 oz/acre 1 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before rotating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not rotate with Rally or Nova.

cyprodonil + fludioxonil (Switch 62.5WG)

11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply when disease first appears, and continue on 7 to 10 day intervals. See label for complete list of greens.May be used on turnip where leaves only will be harvested. Not for use on turnip grown for roots.


14 to 30 fl oz/acre 2.9 to 6.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. May be applied to turnips grown for roots.

difenoconazole + cyprodinil (Inspire Super)


547

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPowdery mildew (continued)



0.20 to 0.27 lb/acre 3 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications. Do not apply to turnip greens or roots.

tebuconazole 6 F (various)

3 to 4 oz/acre 1.4 to 1.8 oz/acre 7 0.5 For optimum results use as a preventative treatment. Folicur 3.6 F must have 2 to 4 hours of drying time on foliage for the active ingredient to move systemically into plant tissue before rain or irrigation occurs. May be applied to turnip grown for roots.

Rhizoctonia bottom rot


6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7 to 14 day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season; disease suppression only. Not labeled for turnip greens or roots.

Sclerotinia stem rot (white mold)


6 to 9 oz/acre 4.2 to 6.3 oz/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development, and continue on a 7- to 14-day interval. Make no more than 2 applications per season. Not labeled for turnip greens or roots.



Coniothyrium minitans(Contans WG)


Seedling root rot, basal stem rot (Rhizoctonia)


0.4 to 0.8 fl oz per 1000 row feet

00.006 to 0.13lb/1000 row feet

0 4 hr Apply at planting as a directed spray to the furrow in a band 7 inches wide.

White rust, Alternaria leaf spot, Cercospora leaf spot



0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Make no more than 2 sequential applications.

fenamidone (Reason 500SC)

8.2 oz/acre 0.267 lb/acre 2 0.5 Begin applications as soon as conditions become favorable for disease development. Applications should be made on a 5 to 10 day interval. Do not make more than 1 application of Reason 500 SC before alternating with a fungicide from a different resistance management group.



0.20 to 0.27 lb/acre 3 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications. Do not apply to turnip greens or roots.

Jerusalem Artichoke

Table 10-34. Disease Control Products for Jerusalem ArtichokeRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPythium damping off Mefenoxam

(Ridomil Gold 4 SL) 1 to 2 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/treated acre 1 2 Soil incorporation. See label for row rates.

fluopicolide (Presidio 4 SC)

3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 7 0.5 Do not use more than 2 times sequentially and not more than 4 times at the low rate or 3 times at the high rate per acre per season.

Southern blight azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08 SC)

0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/1000 row ft 0.1 to 0.2 oz/1000 row ft 14 4 hr

Rust azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08 SC)

6.2 to 20.3 fl oz/ acre 1.6 to 4 oz/acre 14 4 hr

Powdery mildew,Cercospora leaf spot

azoxystrobin (Quadris 2.08 SSC)

9.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 2.4 to 4 oz/acre 14 4 hr

White mold(Sclerotinia basal stalk rot)

boscalid (Endura 70 EG)

10 oz/acre 7 oz/acre 30 0.5 2 applications per crop per season at 10 ounces per acre.



548

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Lettuce

Table 10-35. Disease Control Products for Lettuce



Bottom rot, (Rhizoctonia), drop (Sclerotinia)

azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris)

0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/ 1,000 row feet

0.006 to 0.013 lb — 4 hr Rhizoctonia only. Make in-furrow or banded applications shortly after plant emergence.

boscalid (Endura) 8 to 11 oz/acre 5.6 to 7.7 oz/acre 14 0.5 Suppression only on bottom rot. Apply immediately after emergence or immediately after transplanting. Make no more than 2 applications per season.



dicloran (Botran) 2 to 5.3 lb/acre 1.5 to 4 lb/acre 14 0.5 Rate depends on timing; 5.3 pounds per crop per season maximum.

iprodione (Rovral) 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 0.75 to 1 lb/acre 14 1 Tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action.

Botrytis rot boscalid (Endura) 8 to 11 oz/acre 5.6 to 7.7 oz/acre 14 0.5 Make no more than 2 applications per season.

dicloran (Botran) 1.5 to 2.6 lb/acre 1.1 to 2 lb/acre 14 0.5 Apply when disease is anticipated.

Damping off (Pythium) Mefenoxam(Ridomil Gold) 1 to 2 pt/trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/trt acre — 0.5

Preplant incorporated.Apply preplant incorporated or surface application at planting.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 4 to 8 pt/trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/acre — 2 Banded over the row, preplant incorporated, or injected with liquid fertilizer.

propamocarb (Previcur Flex) 12.8 fl oz/100 gal water

0.6 lb/100 gal 2 0.5 Rates based on rock wool cube saturation in the greenhouse. See label for use in seed beds, drip system, and soil drench.

Downy mildew acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard 50WG)

0.75 to 1 oz/acre 0.375 to 0.5 oz/ acre

7 0.5 Do not apply prior to thinning or within 5 days after transplanting. Apply preventatively every 7 to 10 days, not to exceed 4 applications (4 ounces) per a season.

cyazofamid (Ranman 400 SC) 2.75 fl oz/acre 0.071 lb.acre 0 0.5 Apply on a 7 to 10 day interval when disease first appears or when conditions favorable for disease development. Do not make subsequent applications, and limit applications to six per year.

cymoxanil (Curzate) 3.2 to 5.0 oz/acre 1.92 to 3.0 oz/acre 3 0.5 Use only in combination with a protectant fungicide. Apply on a 5 to 7 day schedule, not to exceed 30 ounces/acre per a 12-month period.

dimethomorph (Acrobat, Forum)


ametoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro)

14 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Apply preventatively on a 7 day interval. Do not make more than two sequential applications, and limit total applications to three per year.


8 oz/acre 4 oz/acre 3 0.5 Not for gummy stem blight or leaf lettuce. Do not make more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action. Must be tank-mixed with contact fungicide with a different mode of action.

fenamidone (Reason 500SC) 5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 lb/ acre

2 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with fungicide with different resistance management group.

fluopicolide (Presidio) 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/ acre

2 0.5 Tank mix with another downy mildew fungicide with a different mode of action.

mandipropamid (Revus) 8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 0.5 Apply prior to disease development and continue throughout season at 7 to 10 day intervals; maximum 32 fluid ounces per season.

oxathiapiprolin + mefenoxam(Orondis Gold 200 + Orondis Gold B)

4.8 to 19.2 fl oz/acre +1 to 2 pt/acre

0 4 hr Must tank mix Orondis Gold 200 and Gold B before application. Apply at planting, in furrow, by drip, or in transplant water. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 4 applications at the low rate or 2 applications at the high rate per crop per year. Use either soil (Orondis Gold) or foliar (Orondis Ultra) applications but not both on the same crop.

oxathiapiprolin + mandipropamid(Orondis Ultra + Orondis Ultra B)

2.0 to 4.8 fl oz/acre +8 fl oz/acre

0 4 hr Must tank mix Orondis Ultra and Ultra B before application. Apply prior to disease development at 3 to 14-day intervals. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 6 applications at the low rate or 4 applications at the high rate per crop per year. Use either soil (Orondis Gold) or foliar (Orondis Ultra) applications but not both on the same crop.

549

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-35. Disease Control Products for Lettuce



mono- and dipotassium salts of phosphorous acid (Alude, K-Phite)

1 to 4 quarts in a minimum of 10 gal/

acre

0 4 hr Do not apply at a less than 3 day interval.

Downy mildew(Continued)

propamocarb (Previcur Flex) 2 pt/acre 1.5 lb/acre 2 0.5 Do not apply more than 8 pt per growing season; begin applications before infection, and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval.

Downy mildew, leaf spots

azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris)

6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz/ acre

7 4 hr Use highest rate for downy mildew. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

Downy mildew, leaf spots (continued)


4 to 11 fl oz/ acre 0.26 to 0.72 lb/acre

1 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications per crop.

fosetyl-Al (Aliette 80WDG) 2 to 5 lb/acre 1.6 to 4 lb/acre 3 1 Spray at first appearance of disease and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance of disease and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval.

Powdery mildew azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris) 2.08 F


7 4 hr Make no more 2 two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.


4 to 11 fl oz/ acre 0.26 to 0.72 lb/acre

1 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications per crop.

myclobutanil (Rally) 40 WSP 5 oz/acre 0.31 lb/acre 3 1 Apply when disease first appears and continue on a 14-day interval. Apply no more than 20 ounces (4 applications) per season.


penthiopyrad (Fontelis)

14 to 24 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.31 lb/acre

0 0.5 Begin applications prior to disease development on a 7 to 14 day schedule. Do not exceed 72 fluid ounces of product per year. Make no more than 2 sequential applications per season before rotating to another effective product with a different mode of action.

quinoxyfen (Quintec)

4 to 6 fl oz/acre 1.0 to 1.6 oz/acre 1 0.5 Apply preventatively on a 10 to 14 day interval, making no more than 4 applications (24 fl oz) per a season.

triflumizole (Procure) 480 SC

6 to 8 fl oz/acre 3 to 4 oz/acre 0 0.5 Apply when disease first appears and continue on 14-day interval. Do not exceed 18 fluid ounces per season.

sulfur (various) See label See label See label See label


For Melons – See Cucurbits

550

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Okra

Table 10-36. Disease Control Products for Okra Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days


Alternaria, gray mold, powdery mildew

Cyprodinil; Fludioxonil (Switch) 62.5WG

11-14 oz/acre — 0 0.5 Begin applications before disease development and continue on 7 to 10 day interval. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different. Do not apply more than 56 ounces per acre per season.

Alternaria, gray mold, powdery mildew, Septoria leaf spot, target spot


16 to 24 fl oz/acre — 0 0.5 Begin applications before disease development and continue on 7 to 14 day interval. Do not exceed more than 72 ounces per acre per year.

Anthracnose, bacterial leaf spot, leaf spots, pod spots, powdery mildew

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

Anthracnose, Botrytis leaf mold, powdery mildew, Cercospora leaf spot

Chlorothalonil; cymoxanil (Ariston)

2-4.4 pints/acre — 3 0.5 Begin applications before disease development and continue on 7 day interval.

Anthracnose, gray leaf spot, powdery mildew, Cercospora leaf spot

Difenoconazole; azoxystrobin (Quadris Top)

8-14 fl oz/acre — 0 0.5 Begin applications before disease development and continue on 7- to 10-day interval. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different. Do not apply more than 55 fluid ounces per acre per season.

Difenoconazole; cyprodinil (Inspire Super)

16-20 fl oz/acre — 0 0.5 Begin applications before disease development and continue on 7 to 10 day interval. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different. Do not apply more than 47 fluid ounces per acre per season.

Anthracnose, gray leaf spot, powdery mildew, Cercospora leaf spot, Rhizoctonia stem rot

Difenoconazole; benzovindiflupyr

10.5-13.5 oz/A _ 0 0.5 Begin applications before disease development and continue on 7 to 10 day interval. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Refer to label for information on addition of an adjuvant.

Cercospora leaf spot chlorothalonil (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

tebuconazole (Orius 3.6F, Uppercut, Folicur)

4 to 6 fl oz/A 1.5 to 2.3 oz/A 3 0.5 DO NOT apply more than 24 fluid ounces per acre per season.

Downy mildew mandipropamid (Micora)

5.5 to 8 fl oz/A 0.65 to 0.9 fl oz/A — 4 hr Tank mix Micora with a non-Group 40 fungicide and begin applications prior to disease development. DO NOT apply more than two applications per crop, or in consecutive applications.

Powdery mildew azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F

6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/A 0.10 to 0.25 lb/A 0 4 Do not make more than two sequential applications.

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 3.2 to 8.0 oz/A 1.125 lb/A 0 4 Do not apply more than two sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not make more than 4 applications of Heritage or other strobilurin fungicide per acre per season.


myclobutanil (Rally 40WSP)

2.5 to 5 oz/A 0.062 to 0.125 lb/A 0 1 Do not make more than 4 applications per season. Minimum re-treatment interval: 10 to 14 days.

Phytophthora blight and crown rot

Oxathiapiprlin (Orondis) 2.4-19.2 oz/A 0 4 Apply at planting, in furrow, by drip, or in transplant water. Do not make more than 4 applications per crop.

Rhizoctoniaseedling rot



0.006 to 0.013 lb — 4 hr Make in-furrow or banded applications shortly after plant emergence.

Onion

Table 10-37. Disease Control Products for Onion Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days


ONION (green)

Damping off (Pythium)

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 SL

0.5 to 1 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 lb/trt acre — 2 See label for low rates. Also for dry onion.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 2 to 4 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 pt/trt acre — 2 Preplant incorporated or soil surface spray.

Downy mildew azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris) 2.08 F


0 4 hr Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.


2.4 to 3.7 pt/acre 14 0.5 Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

551

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




ONION (green) (continued)

Downy mildew(continued)



fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC 5.5 fl oz/acre 0.178 lb/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 22 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with fungicide from different resistance group.




14.0 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 0 12 hr Begin applications prior to disease development and continue on a 5- to 7- day spray interval.


2 lb/acre — 21 2

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 WG 8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 7 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications and no more than 6 applications per season.

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine) 38WG

18.5 oz/acre 4 to 7 oz/acre 7 1 For suppression only. Make a maximum of 6 applications per season.

Leaf blight (Botrytis)


6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz/acre 7 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.



boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 6.8 oz/acre 4.8 oz/acre 7 0.5 Do not make more than 2 sequential applications or more than 6 applications per season.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 16 to 24 fl oz/acre 0.21 to 0.31 fl oz/ acre

3 12 hr Begin sprays prior to disease development and continue on a 7 to 14 day schedule.


See label



11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.8 oz/acre 7 0.5 Do not plant rotational crops other than onions or strawberries for 12 months following the last application.

dicloran (Botran) 75 W 1.5 to 2.7 lb/acre 1.1 to 2 lb/acre 14 0.5


16 to 20 fl oz/acre 7 to 14 0.5 Make no more than two applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.


14.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 5.5 to 7 oz/acre 7 1 Make a maximum of 6 applications per season.

pyrimethanil (Scala) 5 F 9 or 18 fl oz/acre 0.35 or 0.7 lb/acre 7 0.5 Use lower rate in a tank mix with broad-spectrum fungicide and higher rate when applied alone. Do not apply more than 54 fluid ounces per crop.


1.6 to 3.6 pts/acre 1.1 to 2.5 lb/acre 7 2 Applications should begin prior to disease onset and subsequent applications should be made on a 7 to 14 day interval.

Purple blotch azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris) 2.08 F

6.2 to 12.3 fl oz/ acre 0.1 to 0.2 fl oz/acre 7 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.



boscalid (Endura) 70WG 6.8 oz/acre 4.8 oz/acre 7 0.5 Do not make more than 2 sequential applications or more than 6 applications per season.


3 12 hr Begin sprays prior to disease development and continue on a 7-14 day schedule.




16 to 20 fl oz/acre 7-14 0.5 Make no more than two applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC 5.5 to 8.2 fl oz 0.178 lb/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 22 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with fungicide from different resistance management group.



10.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 4 to 7 oz/acre 7 1 Make a maximum of 6 applications per season.

pyrimethanil (Scala) 5 F 9 or 18 fl oz/acre 0.35 or 0.7lb/acre 7 0.5 Use lower rate in a tank mix with broad spectrum fungicide and higher rate when applied alone. Do not apply more than 54 fluid ounces per crop.

552

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




ONION (green) (continued)

Purple blotch(continued)

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3.6F 4 to 6 fl oz/acre 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 7 0.5 Apply before disease appears when conditions favor purple blotch development and repeat at 10 to 14 day intervals; maximum 24 fluid ounces per season.

Stemphylium leaf blight


10.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 4 to 7 oz/acre 7 1 Make no more than 6 applications per season.

ONION (dry)

Damping off (Pythium)


0.5 to 1 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 lb/trt acre — 2 See label for row rates. Also for green onion.

metalaxyl (Metatar) 2 E 2 to 4 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 pt/trt acre — 2 Preplant incorporated or soil surface spray.

Downy mildew azoxystrobin (Amistar, Quadris) 2.08 F


0 4 hr Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.


14.0 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 0 12 hr Begin applications prior to disease development and continue on a 5- to 7-day spray interval.

fenamidone (Reason) 5.5 fl oz/acre 0.178 lb/acre 7 12 hr Use as soon as environmental conditions are favorable.






8.0 oz/acre 0.25 lb/acre 3 0.5 Apply preventively on a 5- to 7-day schedule and do not rotate with group 11 fungicides.

fluazinam (Omega 500) 1.0 pt/acre 0.52 lb/acre 7 2 Initiate sprays when conditions are favorable for disease or at disease onset. Spray on a 7- to 10-day schedule.

mandipropamid (Revus) 2.08 F



2.5 lb/trt acre — 7 2

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 WG 12 oz/acre 2.4 oz/acre 7 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications and no more than 6 applications per season.


18.5 oz/acre 4 to 7 oz/acre 7 1 Suppression only. Make no more than 6 applications per season.

Leaf blight (Botrytis)


6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz/acre 7 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides with different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.





3 12 hr Begin sprays prior to disease development and continue on a 7- to 14-day schedule.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch) 62.5WG


dicloran (Botran) 75 W 1.5 to 2.7 lb/acre 1.1 to 2 lb/acre 14 0.5 Use lower rate in a tank mix with broad-spectrum fungicide and higher rate when applied alone. Do not apply more than 54 fluid ounces per crop.




See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance, 7 to 10 day intervals. Do not apply to exposed bulbs.


14.5 to 18.5 oz/acre 5.5 to 7 oz/acre 7 1 Make no more than 6 applications per season.


azoxystrobin + difenoconazole(Quadris Top)

14 fl oz/acre 2.38 lb/acre 7 0.5 Begin sprays prior to disease onset and spray on a 7- to 14-day schedule. Do not rotate with Group 11 fungicides.

fluazinam (Omega 500) 1.0 pt/acre 0.52 lb/acre 7 2 Initiate sprays when conditions are favorable for disease or at disease onset. Spray on a 7- to 10-day schedule.

553

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




ONION (dry) (continued)

Neck rot (Botrytis), purple blotch (Alternaria), downy mildew




3 12 hr Begin sprays prior to disease development and continue on a 7- to 14-day schedule.


See label



See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. May reduce bacterial rots.

fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80 WDG 2 to 3 lb/acre 1.6 to 2.4 lb/acre 7 0.5 Do not mix with surfactants, foliar fertilizers, or products containing copper; will not control neck rot.

iprodione (Rovral) 50 WP 1.5 lb/acre 0.75 lb/acre 7 0.5 Apply when conditions are favorable; 14-day intervals. Rovral is not for downy mildew.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label

See label



2 lb/acre — 7 2

vinclozolin (Ronilan) 50 DF See label 0.75 to 1 lb/acre 18 1 Three treatments minimum.

Purple blotch, leaf blight


6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz/acre 7 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.




8.0 oz/acre 0.25 lb/acre 3 0.5 Apply preventively on a 5 to 7 day schedule and do not rotate with group 11 fungicides.








fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC 5.5 fl oz/acre 0.178 lb/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 22 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with fungicide from different resistance group.

iprodione (Rovral) 50 WP 1.5 lb/acre50 to 100 gal/acre

0.75 lb/acre50 to 100 gal/acre

7 0 Start 7-day foliar sprays at first appearance of favorable conditions.





tebuconazole (Folicur) 3.6 F 4 to 6 fl oz/acre — 7 0.5 Do not apply more than 12 fluid ounces per acre per season.

vinclozolin (Ronilan) 50 DF See label 18 1 Two treatments Minimum. Effective on purple leaf blotch when disease pressure is low.




Smut mancozeb (various) See label See label See label

See label


Stemphylium leaf blight










White rot (Sclerotium)





554

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




ONION (dry) (continued)

White rot (Sclerotium)(continued)

dicloran (Botran) 75 W 5.3 lb/acre 4 lb/acre 14 0.5 Apply 5-inch band over seed row and incorporate in top 1.5 to 3 inches of soil, 1 to 2 weeks before seeding.


See label — — Spray into open furrow at time of seeding or planting in row.

vinclozolin (Ronilan) 50 DF See label 18 0.5 Three treatments minimum.

Table 10-38. Efficacy of Products for Disease Control in Onion

Scale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Product1 Fung

icid

e gr

oupF

Preh

arve

st in

terv

al (D

ays)

Bac

teria

l Str

eak

(Pse

udom

ones

viri

difla

va)

Bla

ck M

old

(Asp

ergi

llus

nige

r)

Bot

rytis

Lea

f Blig

ht(B

. squ

amos

a)

Bot

rytis

Nec

k R

ot (B

. alli

i)

Dam

ping

off

(Pyt

hium

spp

.)

Dow

ny M

ildew

(P. d

estr

ucto

r)

Fusa

rium

Bas

al R

ot(F

. oxy

spor

um)

Oni

on S

mut

(Uro

cyst

is c

olch

ici)

Cen

ter R

ot(P

anto

ea a

nana

tis)

Pink

Roo

t (P

hom

a te

rres

tris

)

Purp

le B

lotc

h(A

ltern

aria

por

ri)

Stem

phyl

ium

Lea

f Blig

ht a

nd

Stal

k R

ot

Whi

te R

ot(S

cler

otiu

m c

epiv

orum

)

amectoctradin + dimethomporph (Zampro) 40 + 45 0 NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 11 7 NC ND F NC NC ND NC ND NC NC G G NDazoxystobin + difenoconazole (Quadris Top) 11+ 3 1 NC NC F NC NC ND NC NC NC NC G G NCChlorothalonil (various) M 14 NC NC F NC NC P NC NC NC NC F F NCcyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch) 9 + 12 7 NC NC G ND NC NC NC NC NC NC F F NC

dichloropropene + chloropicrin, fumigant (Telone C-17) — — NC NC NC NC P NC F NC NC F NC NC F

dimethomorph (Forum) 40 0 NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

fenamidone (Reason) 11 7 NC NC P NC NC G NC NC NC NC P P NC

famoxadone/cymoxanil (Tanos) 11 + 27 3 NC NC F NC NC P NC NC NC NC F F NCfixed copper (various) M 1 F NC F NC NC F NC NC F NC F NC NCfluazinam (Omega 500) 29 2 NC NC G NC NC G NC NC NC NC E E NC

fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 33 7 NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC

iprodione (Rovral) 2 7 NC NC E P NC NC NC NC NC NC E F F

mancozeb (various) M 7 NC NC F NC NC F NC E NC NC F F NC

mancozeb + copper (ManKocide) M + M 7 F NC F NC NC F NC F F NC F F NC

mandipropamid (Revus) 40 7 NC NC NC ND F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NCmefenoxam (Ridomil Gold EC) 4 7 NC NC NC NC F ND NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

mefenoxam + chlorothalonil (Ridomil Gold Bravo) 4 + M 14 NC NC F NC P F NC NC NC NC F F NC

mefenoxam + copper (Ridomil Gold/ Copper) 4 + M 7 F NC NC NC P F NC NC F NC NC NC NCmefenoxam + mancozeb (Ridomil Gold MZ) 4 + M 7 NC NC F NC P F NC F NC NC F F NC

metam sodium, fumigant (Vapam) — — NC NC NC NC F NC F NC NC E NC NC F

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 11 7 NC ND F NC NC F NC ND NC NC G G ND

pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine) 11 + 7 7 NC ND G F NC F NC ND NC NC E E ND

pyrimethanil (Scala) 9 7 NC ND F NC NC NC NC ND NC NC F F NC

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3 7 NC ND NC NC NC NC ND ND NC ND F F F

1 Efficacy ratings do not necessarily indicate a labeled use for every disease.F To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally


555

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Parsley

Table 10-39. Disease Control Products for ParsleyRate of Material to Use Minimum Days


Cercospora leaf spot (Early blight)


2 to 5 oz/acre 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz/acre 0 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 1.88 pounds per crop per acre per season.


4 to 11 fl oz/ acre 0.26 to 0.72 lb/acre 3 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications per crop.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis)1.67 F

14 to 24 fl oz 0.18 to 0.31 lb/acre 3 0.5 Do not make more than two sequential applications. Maximum of 72 fluid ounces per acre per year.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) EG

12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 64 ounces per crop per acre per season.

Damping off and root rot (Pythium, Phytophthora)

mefenoxam(Ridomil Gold) 4 SL 1 to 2 pt/treated acre

0.5 to 1 lb/treated acre

0 0.5 Apply preplant incorporated or surface application at planting.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 2 to 8 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/treated acre

0 2 Banded over the row, preplant incorporated, or injected with liquid fertilizer.

Powdery mildew, Septoria leaf spot (late blight)


2 to 5 oz/acre 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz/acre 0 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 1.88 pound per crop per acre per season.


11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.8 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action for two applications. Apply no more than 56 ounces per crop per acre per season.


See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first disease appearance, 7- to 10-day intervals.


4 to 11 fl oz/ acre 0.26 to 0.72 lb/acre 3 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Maximum of 3 applications per crop.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 F


pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) EG

12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 64 ounces per crop per acre per season.

Web blight and root rot (Rhizoctonia)


0.125 to 0.25 oz/ 1000 row ft

0.10 to 0.20 oz/1000row ft

0 4 hr Apply as banded spray to the lower stems and soil surface. Make no more than two sequential applications. Apply no more than 1 .88 pounds per crop per acre per season. Soil applications are included in this maximum.

White mold cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch) 62.5 WG

11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.8 oz/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action for two applications. Apply no more than 56 ounces per crop per acre per season. First application at thinning and second application 2 weeks later.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 F




556

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-40. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in ParsleyScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

StrategyPowdery mildew

Pythium damping off and root rot

Rhizoctonia damping off and root rot

Root knot (nematode)

Sclerotinia white mold

Septoria blight

Avoid field operations when leaves are wet NC NC NC NC P GAvoid overhead irrigation NC NC NC NC E EBiofungicide F NC NC NC F NCChange planting date NC NC E (early) E (early) E (late) NCSuppressive cover crops NC NC NC F NC NCCrop rotation with non-host NC F P P F EDeep plowing P NC F P F GDestroy crop residue P NC P P F GEncourage air movement P P NC NC E GFlooding (where feasible) NC NC F G G NCIncrease soil organic matter F P P F NC PHot water seed treatment NC NC NC NC NC EPlant in well-drained soil NC E G NC F PPlant on raised beds NC E G NC F NCPlastic mulch bed covers F NC F NC P NCPostharvest temperature control NC NC NC NC E NCReduce mechanical injury NC NC P NC G NCSoil solarization NC P F F P FPathogen-free planting material P NC NC NC P EResistant/tolerant cultivars NC NC P NC NC FWeed control F NC NC F F NC

Pea

Table 10-41. Disease Control Products for Pea Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPEA (English)

Anthracnose azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 0.10 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Do not make more than two sequential applications.penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 F 14 to 30 fl oz 0.18 to 0.39 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than two sequential applications.

Maximum of 72 fluid ounces per acre per crop.pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Priaxor) 500 SC

4.0 to 8.0 fl oz/acre 0.13 to 0.26 lb/acre 7 12 hr Do not make more than two sequential applications. Maximum of 16 fluid ounces per acre per crop.

Ascochyta leaf spot and blight

Azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 0.10 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Do not make more than two sequential applications.

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz/ acre 5.6 to 7.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Maximum of 2 applications per crop.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 F 14 to 30 fl oz 0.18 to 0.39 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than two sequential applications. Maximum of 72 fluid ounces per acre per crop.

pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad (Priaxor) 500 SC


Gray mold (Botrytis), White mold (Sclerotinia)

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz/ acre 5.6 to 7.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Maximum of 2 applications per crop.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 F 14 to 30 fl oz 0.18 to 0.39 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than two sequential applications. Maximum of 72 fluid ounces per acre per year.



White mold (Sclerotinia)



Powdery mildew boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz/ acre 5.6 to 7.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Maximum of 2 applications per crop.



penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 F 14 to 30 fl oz 0.18 to 0.39 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than two sequential applications. Maximum of 72 fluid ounces per acre per year.

557

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-41. Disease Control Products for Pea Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPEA (English) (continued)Powdery mildew (continued)




See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance, 10 to 14 day intervals. Do not use sulfur on wet plants or on hot days (in excess of 90 degrees F).

Pythium damping off

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 EC

0.5 to 1 pt/trt acre 0.25 to 0.5 lb/trt acre — 2 Incorporate in soil. See label for row rates.

Rhizoctonia root rot

azoxystrobin (Quadris)2.08 F

0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/ 1,000 sq ft

0.0006 to 0.13 lb/1,000 sq ft

— 4 hr Make in-furrow or banded applications shortly after plant emergence.

Rust (Uromyces) azoxystrobin (Quadris)2.08 F

6.2 fl oz/acre 0.10 lb/acre 0 4 hr Do not make more than two sequential applications.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis)1.67 F

14 to 30 fl oz 0.18 to 0.39 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than two sequential applications. Maximum of 72 fluid ounces/acre per year.


4.0 to 8.0 fl oz/acre 0.13 to 0.26 lb/acre 7 12 hr Do not make more than two sequential applications. Maximum of 16 fluid ounces/acre per crop.

PEA (Southern)Anthracnose thiophanate-methyl

(Topsin M) 70 WP1 to 1.5 lb/acre 0.7 to 1.1 lb/acre 28 0.5 Use no more than 4 lb (2.8 lb a.i.) per acre per year.

Anthracnose, Rust

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 2 to 5 oz/acre 0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 14(dry)

0 (succulent)

4 hr Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Use no more than 1.5 pounds a.i. per acre per season.

Ascochyta blight, Gray mold, White mold

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 8 to 11 oz/acre 5.6 to 7.7 oz/acre 21(dried) or

7 (succulent)

0.5 Maximum of 2 applications per season.

Ascochyta blight, Rust, white mold

prothioconazole (Proline) 480 SC

5.7 fl oz /acre 2.85 oz /acre 7 0.5 Maximum of 3 applications per year. Use no more than 17.1 fluid ounces per acre per year.

Downy mildew, Bacterial blights



Downy mildew, Cercospora, Anthracnose, Rust



Downy mildew, Cercospora, Anthracnose, Rust, Powdery mildew

Pyraclostrobin(Headline) 2.09 EC

6 to 9 fl oz/acre 0.1 to 0.15 lb/acre 21 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Use no more than 18 fluid ounces per acre per season.


See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance; 7 to 10 day interval.

Pythium damping off


0.5 to 1 pt/ treated acre

0.25 to 0.5 lb/ treated acre

— 0.5 Broadcast or banded over the row as a soil spray at planting or preplant incorporation into the top 2 inches of soil.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 2 to 4 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/treated acre

— 2 Broadcast or banded over the row as a soil spray at planting or preplant incorporation into the top 2 inches of soil.

Rhizoctonia root rot

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/1,000 row feet

0.006 to 0.013 lb/1,000 row feet

— 4 hr Make in-furrow or banded application shortly after plant emergence.

White mold (Sclerotinia)



fludioxonil (Cannonball) 50 WP

7 oz/acre 3.5 oz/acre 7 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action for 2 applications. Use no more than 28 oz/ acre per year.

558

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Pepper

Table 10-42. Disease Control Products for Pepper Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksAphid-transmitted viruses: PVY, TEV, WMV, CMV

JMS Stylet-Oil 3 qt/100 gal water — 0 Dry Use in 50 to 200 gallons per acre depending on plant size. Spray weekly when winged aphids first appear.

Anthracnose fruit rot azoxystrobin(Quadris) Flowable


0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Apply at flowering to manage green fruit rot. Limit of 61.5 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.







8 to 10 oz/acre 4 to 5 oz/acre 3 0.5 Make no more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Must tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action (i.e. maneb or copper).



0.178 to 0.267 lb/ acre

14 0.5 Limit of 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Make no more than one applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.



2 to 3 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.8 lb/acre 7 2 Limit of 39 pounds per acre per season.






0 0.5 RIPE ROT ONLY. Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 24 fl oz/acre 4.89 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 72 fluid ounces per acre per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

trifloxystrobin(Flint)

3 to 4 oz/acre 1.5 to 2 oz/acre 3 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 16 ounces per acre per year. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Bacterial soft rot famoxadone + cymoxanil(Tanos)


Bacterial spot (field) acibenzolar-S-methyl(Actigard) 50 WG

0.33 oz to 0.75 oz/ acre

0.17 to 0.38 oz/ acre

14 0.5 FOR CHILI PEPPERS ONLY EXCEPT IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA. Begin applications within one week of transplanting or emergence. Make up to six weekly, consecutive applications.

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Make first application 7 to 10 days after transplanting. Carefully examine field for disease to deter mine need for additional applications. If disease is present, make additional applications at 5-day intervals. Applying mancozeb with copper significantly enhances bacterial spot control. Do not spray copper when temperatures are above 90 degrees F.





2 to 3 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.8 lb/acre 7 2 Limit of 39 pound per acre per season.

quinoxyfen (Quintec) 6.0 oz/acre 1.35 oz/acre 3 0.5 Use 6 ounces of product per acre in no less than 30 gallons of water per acre. NOTE: May only be used to manage bacterial spot in Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, and South Carolina (Section 2(ee)).

Bacterial spot (transplants)

streptomycin sulfate (Agri-Mycin 17, Firewall, Streptrol)

1 lb/100 gal 0.8 oz/100 gal — 1 MAY ONLY BE APPLIED TO TRANSPLANTS. Spray when seedlings are in the 2-leaf stage and continue at 5-day intervals until transplanted into field. NOTE: Some pathogen strains are resistant to streptomycin sulfate.


559

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksBacterial spot (seed) sodium hypochlorite (Clorox

5.25%, regular formulation)1 pt + 4 pt water — — — Add 1 tablespoon of surfactant (Tween-20 or 80,

Silwet) to improve coverage on the seed.

Cercospora leaf spot azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Quadris Top) 29.6 SC





2 to 3 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.8 lb/acre 7 2 Limit of 39 pound per acre per season.

Phytophthora foliar blight and fruit rot(Phytophthora capsici)

cyazofamid(Ranman Fungicide)

2.75 fl oz/acre 0.071 lb/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 16.5 fluid ounces per acre per season. Apply to the base of the plant at transplanting or in the transplant water. Make no more than three consecutive applications followed by three consecutive applications of another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.


dimethomorph(Acrobat, Forum)

6 fl oz/acre 2.61 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 30 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two sequential before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Must tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action.



2 to 3 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.8 lb/acre 7 2 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 39 pound per acre per season.


2 lb/acre 1.3 lb/acre 7 2 See label for an optimal spray program. Limit of four applications per crop per year. Do not exceed 0.4 pound a.i. per acre per season of mefenoxam + metalaxyl (MetaStar).




8.2 fl oz/acre 0.267 lb/ acre 14 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Make no more than one applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluazinam(Omega) 500F

1 to 1.5 pt/acre 30 0.5 Apply as a soil drench at 1.5 pints per acre. For foliar applications use 1 pint per acre. Limit of 9 pints per acre per season.

fluopicolide(Presidio)

3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre

2 0.5 Limit of 12 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than 2 times sequentially before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Must be tank-mixed with another mode of action product.

mandipropamid(Revus, Micora)

8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 32 fluid ounces per acre per season. NOTE: Must tank mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action (i.e. copper).

amectoctradin + dimethomorph(Zampro)

14 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 4 0.5 Limit of 42 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two sequential applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

Phytophthora or Pythium root rot (field)

mefenoxam(Ridomil Gold, Ultra Flourish)

Check label; varies between

products


— 2 MAY ONLY BE APPLIED AT PLANTING. Apply in a 12 to 16 inch band or in 20 to 50 gallons water per acre in transplant water. Mechanical incorporation or 0.5 to 1 inch irrigation water is needed for movement into root zone if rain is not expected. After initial application, two supplemental applications (1 pint per treated acre) can be applied. NOTE: Strains of Phytophthora capsici insensitive to Ridomil Gold have been detected in some North Carolina and Louisiana pepper fields.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2E 4 to 8 pt/treated acre

0.5 to 1 lb/acre 7 2 Limit of 12 pints per acre per season. Preplant (soil incorporated), at planting (in water or liquid fertilizer), or as a basil-directed spray after planting. See label for the guidelines for supplemental applications.

560

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPowdery mildew azoxystrobin

(Quadris) Flowable6 to 15.5 fl oz/

acre0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 61.5 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make

no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (Quadris Top) 29.6 SC





16 to 24 fl oz/acre 4.89 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 72 fluid ounces per acre per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.




0 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

quinoxyfen (Quintec) 4.0 to 6.0 fl oz/acre


3 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Under certain environmental conditions leaf spotting or chlorosis may occur after application; discontinue use if symptoms occur.

sulfur (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Apply at first appearance and repeat at 14-day intervals as needed.


1.5 to 2 oz/acre 0.75 to 1 oz/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 16 ounces per acre per year. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Southern blight(Sclerotium rolfsii)


2 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 0.81 to 2.30 fl oz/acre

3 0.5 Limit of 22.8 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not overhead irrigate for 24 hours following a spray application.


12 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 0 4 hr SUPPRESSION ONLY. Apply at flowering to manage green fruit rot. Limit of 96 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one sequential application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.




0 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

Target spot(Corynespora cassiicola)

boscald(Endura)

3.5 oz/acre 2.45 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 21 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

cyprodinil + difenoconazole(Inspire Super)

16 to 20 fl oz/acre 0.60 to 0.75 lb/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 47 fluid ounces per acre per season.

fluoxastrobin (Aftershock, Evito 480SC)

2 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 0.81 to 2.30 fl oz/acre

3 0.5 Limit of 22.8 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not overhead irrigate for 24 hours following a spray application.


16 to 24 fl oz/acre 3.26 to 4.89 fl oz/acre

0 0.5 SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 72 fluid ounces per acre per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) EG 20%





0 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.

561

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-43. Relative Effectiveness of Various Chemicals for Pepper Disease Control


Product1Fungicide

Group1

PreharvestInterval (Days)

Relative Control Rating

Ant

hrac

nose

(im

mat

ure

frui

t rot

)

Bac

teria

l Spo

t

Phyt

opht

hora

Blig

ht

(roo

t and

cro

wn)

Phyt

opht

hora

Blig

ht

(frui

t and

folia

ge)

Pyth

ium

Dam

ping

off

Sout

hern

Blig

ht

(Bas

al S

tem

Rot

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 11 0 F NC NC NC NC ND

Chlorothalonil (various) M 3 P NC NC P NC NC

cyazofamid (Ranman) 21 0 NC NC F G NC NC

dimethomorph (Acrobat, Forum) 40 4 NC NC NC P NC NC

dimethomorph + amectoctradin (Zampro) 40 + 45 4 NC NC F G ND NC

Famoxadone + cymoxanil (Tanos) 11 + 27 3 P NC NC P NC ND

fixed copper (various) M Check label P F NC F NC NC

fluopicolide (Presidio) 43 2 NC NC F G NC NC

Floxystrobin (Evito) 11 3 NC NC NC NC NC ND

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Priaxor) 11 + 7 7 F NC NC NC NC ND

Mancozeb2 (various) M 5 F P P P NC NC

mandipropamid (Revus) 40 1 NC NC F G NC NC

mefenoxamR (Ridomil Gold EC, Ultra Flourish) 4 0 NC NC E NA G NC

mefenoxamR + copper (Ridomil Gold + copper) 4 + M 14 P F NA G NC NC

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 7 0 ND NC NC NC NC ND

proamocarb (Previcur Flex) 28 5 NC NC NC NC F NC

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 11 0 G NC NC NC NC ND

quinoxyfen (Quintec) 13 3 NC P NC NC NC NC

streptomycin sulfate3 (Agri-mycin, Stretrol, Firewall) 25 Not for field use NC F NC NC NC NC

sulfur (various) M 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC

1 Efficacy ratings do not necessarily indicate a labeled use for every disease.2 Copper tank-mixed with mancozeb enhances the efficacy against bacterial spot.3 Streptomycin may only be used on transplants; not registered for field use.R Resistance reported in the pathogen.

562

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-44. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in PepperScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Strategy Ant

hrac

nose

(im

mat

ure

frui

t)

Aph

id-tr

ansm

itted

viru

ses

(PVX

, CM

V,

TEV,

AM

V, P

VY)

Bac

teria

l sof

t rot

of f

ruit

Bac

teria

l spo

t

Blo

ssom

-end

rot

Phyt

opht

hora

blig

ht (f

ruit

and

folia

ge)

Phyt

opht

hora

blig

ht (r

oot a

nd c

row

n)

Pyth

ium

dam

ping

off

Roo

t-kno

t nem

atod

e

Sout

hern

blig

ht

Tom

ato

Spot

ted

Wilt

Viru

s

Avoid field operations when foliage is wet F NC NC G NC F P NC NC NC NC

Avoid overhead irrigation G NC F G NC G G P NC NC NC

Change planting date within a season NC F (early) NC F (early) NC NC NC P (late) F (early) P (early) Varies

Cover cropping with antagonist NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC

Rotation with non-host (2 to 3 years) G NC NC NC NC P P NC F P NC

Deep plowing F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC P F NC

Prompt destruction of crop residue F F NC P NC P P NC F P NC

Promote air movement P NC NC F NC P P NC NC NC NC

Use of soil organic amendments NC NC NC NC NC P P P F P NC

Application of insecticidal/horticultural oils NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

pH management (soil) NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC F NC NC

Plant in well-drained soil/raised beds NC NC NC NC NC NC G G NC NC NC

Eliminate standing water/saturated areas NC NC NC NC NC NC G G NC NC NC

Postharvest temp control (fruit) NC NC G NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Use of reflective mulch NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC G

Reduce mechanical injury NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Rogue diseased plants/fruit NC NC NC NC NC F F NC NC NC NC

Soil solarization NC NC NC NC NC NC P NC F NC NC

Use of pathogen-free planting stock F NC NC G NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Use of resistant cultivars NC NC NC G F F F NC G NC G

Weed management P F NC NC NC P P NC F NC P

Potato, Irish

Table 10-45. Disease Control Products for Potato, IrishRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksBlack and silver scurf

azoxystrobin (various) See label See label see label see label Apply in furrow at planting according to label directions.

fluopyram (Luna Privilege) 5.47 fl oz/acre (ground);

2.82 oz/acre (aerial)

0.1 to 0.2 lb/acre (ground);

0.1 lb/acre (aerial)

7 0.5 Use on a 5 to 7-day interval. Do not apply more than 10.95 ounces per acre per season for ground application and no more than 8346 ounces per acre per season for aerial application. Do not make more than 2 applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Labeled for silver scurf only.

fluoxastrobin(Aftershock, Evito 480 SC)

0.16 to 0.24 fl oz/1,000 ft of row

0.06 to 0.1 fl oz/1,000 ft

7 0.5 Apply in furrow at planting according to label directions. Do not apply more than 22.8 fluid ounces of product per acre per year including seed treatment use. Alternate with fungicide from different resistance management group.

flutolanil (Moncut) 70DF 0.71 to 1.1 lb/acre 0.50 to 0.77 lb/acre — 0.5 For black scurf only.

penthiopyrad (Vertisan) 0.7 to 1.6 fl oz/1,000 ft of row

0.1 to 0.3 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Maximum rate is 24 fluid ounces. Labeled for black scurf only.

563

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksBlack and silver scurf (continued)

polyoxin (Ph-D) (Oso 5%SC)

6.2 fl oz/acre3.75 to 13.0 fl oz/

acre

0.7 fl oz/acre0.2 to 0.65 fl oz/acre

0 0.2 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Both products are registered for black scurf only.

thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb + cymoxanil (Evolve)

0.75 lb/100 lb seed — — —

Fusarium seedpiece decay, Rhizoctonia stem canker, Streptomyces common scab

azoxystrobin + mefenoxam 2.08 F + 4 F

0.82 fl oz/1,000 ft of row

— — 0 Apply as an in-furrow spray in 3 to 5 gallons of water per acre at planting. Not for Fusarium or Scab.

fludioxonil(Maxim 4FS)

(Maxim PSP)

0.08 to 0.16 oz/100 lb seed

0.5 lb/100 lb seed0.5

-- — 0.5NOT labeled for Streptomyces. Do not use for food or feed. See label for mixing instructions.

fludioxinil + mancozeb(Maxim MZ)

0.5 lb/100 lb seed -- -- 1 NOT labeled for Streptomyces. Do not use for food or feed. See label for mixing instructions.


maneb (Manex 4F) 0.8 qt/10 gal water 0.02 lb/gal water — —

penthiopyrad (Vertisan) 0.7 to 1.6 oz/1,000 ft of row

0.1 to 0.3 oz/acre 7 0.5 Maximum rate is 24 fluid ounces. Labeled for Rhizoctonia stem canker only.

polyoxin (Ph-D) 6.2 fl oz/acre 0.7 fl oz/acre 0 0.2 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Ph-D is registered for Rhizoctonia stem canker only.

thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Tops MZ)

0.75 lb/100 lb seed — — —

thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb + cymoxanil (Evolve)

0.75 lb/100 lb seed — — —

Early blight, white mold


8 to 14 fl oz/acre 2.4 to 4.1 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Apply at 7- to 14-day-intervals. Apply no more than 2 sequential applications without alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not apply more than 55.3 lb product per acre per year. Do not apply more than 0.46 lb a.i./acre /year of difenoconazole-containing products; do not apply more than 2.0 pounds a.i./acre /year of azoxystrobin-containing products. Labeled for early blight only.

boscalid (Endura) 2.5 to 10 oz/acre 0.11 to 0.44 lb/acre 30 0.5 For control of Sclerotinia White mold, use 5.5 to 10 ounce rate and begin applications prior to row closure or at the onset of disease. Make a second application 14 days later if conditions continue to favor disease development.For Early blight control, use 2.5 to 4.5 ounces rate.

DO NOT apply more than 20.5 ounces of product per acre per season.

fluopyram (Luna Privilege) 4.0 to 5.47 oz/acre (ground); 2.82 oz/

acre (aerial)

0.1 to 0.2 lb/acre (ground); 0.1 lb/acre

(aerial)

7 0.5 Use on a 5 to 7-day interval. Do not apply more than 10.95 ounces per acre per season for ground application and no more than 8346 ounces per acre per season for aerial application. Do not make more than 2 applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluopyram + pyrimethanil (Luna Tranquility)

11.2 oz/acre — 7 0.5 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications without switching to a fungicide outside of Group 7 or Group 9.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Priaxor Xemium)

4 to 8 oz/acre — 7 0.5 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not apply more than 24 ounces per acre per season including infurrow and foliar uses. Use 6 to 8 ounces per acre for control of white mold.

iprodione (various) See label See label See label See label Do not exceed 4 applications/acre/season.

metiram + pyraclostrobin (Cabrio Plus)

2.0 to 2.9 lb/acre — 3 (FL); 14

— Apply at 7 to 14 day-intervals. Do not apply more than 17.4 pounds per acre product per season. Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Use at 2.9 pounds per acre for white mold.

penthiopyrad (Vertisan) 10 to 24 oz/acre 0.1 to 0.3 oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply at 7-14 day intervals. Make no more than 2 applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. For white mold control, use at 14 to 24 ounces per acre. Do not exceed 72 ounces per acre per year. Do not apply more than 11.25 ounces a.i. per acre per year in total from any combination of seed, soil, or foliar applications.

pyraclostrobin (Headline; Headline SC)

6 to 12 fl oz/acre 1.4 to 2.8 fl oz/acre 3 1 DO NOT exceed more than six foliar applications or 72 total ounces of product per acre per season. For early blight, use 6- to 9-ounces rate; for white mold, use 6- to 12-ounce rate, depending on weather conditions and disease pressure. Do not apply more than one time before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

pyrimethanil (Scala SC) 7 oz/acre 3.8 oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not apply more than 35 ounces per acre per season. For control of early blight only.

thiophanate-methyl (various)

See label See label See label See label Rates may vary depending on the product.

564

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksLate blight, white mold

fluazinam (Omega) 500 F 5.5 to 8 oz/acre 0.16 to 0.26 oz/acre 14 1 Begin applications when plants are 6 to 8 inches tall or when conditions favor disease development. Repeat applications at 7- to 10-day intervals. When white mold pressure is low to moderate, use 5.5 fluid ounces. When conditions favor moderate to high white mold pressure, increase the rate to 8 fluid ounces. DO NOT apply more than 3.5 pints per acre during each growing season.

Early blight, late blight

azoxystrobin (various) See label See label See label See label Rates may vary depending on the product. Alternate with protectant fungicide (chlorothalonil or mancozeb). DO NOT apply more than 1.88 pounds per acre per season.


1.6 pt/acre — 14 0.5 Apply at 5 to 7 day-intervals. Do not apply more than 1.5 pounds a.i. per acre per year of azoxystrobin; do not apply more than 11.25 pounds a.i. per acre per year of chlorothalonil.


chlorothalonil + zoxamide (Zing!)

32 to 34 fl oz/acre — 7 0.5 Apply at 5 to 7 day intervals. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action. Do not make more than 8 applications or apply more than 1.52 pounds zoxamide and 8.88 lb chlorothalonil per acre per season.

cymoxanil + famoxadone (Tanos)

6 to 8 fl oz/acre — 14 0.5 Use rate of 6 fluid ounces only for early blight. Do not apply more than 48 fluid ounces per acre per crop season and no more than 72 fluid ounces per acre per 12 months. Do not make more than one application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not make more than 6 applications of any fungicide in Group 11 per cropping cycle.



6 to 8 oz/acre — 14 1 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development or when disease is present in area. Should be tank mixed with a protectant fungicide (chlorothalonil or mancozeb). DO NOT apply more than 48 ounces per acre per season.

fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC

5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 lb/acre 14 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with fungicide from different resistance management group.

fluoxastrobin (Aftershock, Evito) 480 SC

2 to 3.8 fl oz/acre 0.16 to 0.12 lb/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, on 7 to 10 day intervals. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Do not apply more than 22.8 fluid ounces per acre per season. For late blight, apply at full label rate.


4 to 8 fl oz/acre — 7 0.5 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not apply more than 24 ounces per acre per season, including infurrow and foliar uses.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Apply when conditions favor disease but before symptoms appear. Continue applications on a 5 to 10 day schedule depending on disease pressure. Under high disease pressure, shorten spray interval and use maximum rate.

mancozeb + chlorothalonil (Elixir)

1.2-2.0 lb/acre — 7 (FL):14 (NC,

VA)

1 Do not apply more than 18.0 pounds per acre per crop. Product is only registered in FL, NC, and VA in the southeastern US.

mandipropamid + difenoconazole (Revus Top)

5.5 to 7 oz/acre — 1 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, on 7 to 10 day intervals. Do not apply more than twice before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Do not apply more than 28 fluid ounces acre per season.

maneb (Manex) 4F 0.8 to 1.6 qt/acre 0.8 to 1.6 lb/acre 14 1

mefenoxam+ chlorothalonil (Ridomil Gold/Bravo, Flouronil)76.5 WP

2 lb/acre 2.5 pints/acre 14 2 See label for limits on application limits per season and application interval.

mefenoxam+ mancozeb (Ridomil Gold MZ)

2.5 lb/acre — 14 2 Apply at 14-day intervals for up to 3 applications.

metiram (Polyram) 80 DF 1.5 to 2 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.6 lb/acre 14 1


2.0 to 2.9 lb/acre 1.2 to 1.74 lb/acre 3 (FL); 14

1 Do not apply more than 17.4 pounds per acre product per season. Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

polyoxin (Ph-D) (Oso 5%SC) 6.2 fl oz/acre


0.7 fl oz/acre0.2 to 0.65 fl oz/acre

0 0.2 Labeled for Early Blight only.

565

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksEarly blight, late blight (continued)

propamocarb hydrochloride(Previcur Flex) 6 F

0.7 to 1.2 pt/acre 0.5 to 0.9 lb/acre 14 0.5 Do not apply more than 6 pints per growing season. Use lower rates when conditions favor disease but disease is not present. Increase rate as risk of disease development increases.

pyraclostrobin (Headline, Headline SC) 2.08 F

6 to 12 oz/acre 1.4 to 2.8 oz/acre 3 1 DO NOT exceed more than six foliar applications or 72 total ounces of product per acre per season. For early blight, use 6- to 9-ounce rate; for late blight, use 6- to 12-ounce rate, depending on weather conditions and disease pressure.

pyraclostrobin + chlorothalonil (Cabrio Plus)

2.0 to 2.9 lb/acre -- 14 1 Do not apply more than 2 applications before switching to a different mode of action. Do not exceed 17.4 lbs/acre/season.

pyrimethanil (Scala) 5 F 7 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 7 0.5 Early blight only. Use only in a tank mix with another Early blight fungicide. Do not apply more than 35 fluid ounces per crop.

trifloxystrobin (Gem) 500 SC

6 to 8 oz/acre 1.5 to 2 oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin applications preventively and continue as needed on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Alternate every other application with a protectant fungicide. DO NOT apply more than 48 ounces per acre per season.

triphenyltin hydroxide (Super Tin) 80 WP

2.5 to 3.75 oz/acre 0.2 to 0.3 lb/acre 21 1 Add to 3 to 15 gallons of water depending on method of application. Do not exceed 15 ounces of product per acre per season.

zoxamide + mancozeb(Gavel 75DF)

1.5 to 2.0 lb/acre — 14 2 Apply at 5 to 10 day intervals except shorten to 5 to 7 day intervals when late blight is present. Do not make more than 6 applications or apply more than 12 pounds (8.0 pounds mancozeb and 1.0 zoxamide) per acre per season crop.

Late blight ametoctradin + dimethomorph (Zampro)

11 to 14 fl oz/acre — 4 0.5 Apply at 5 to 7 day intervals. Do not exceed 42 oz per acre per season. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications without alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action and no more than 3 total applications in a season.


1.4 to 2.75 fl oz/acre 0.036 to 0.071 lb/acre 7 0.5 Late blight only. Do not apply more than 10 sprays per crop. Make no more than 3 consecutive applications followed by 3 applications of fungicides from a different resistance management group.

cymoxanil (Curzate) 60 DF

3.2 oz/acre 0.1 lb/acre 14 1 Use Curzate or Acrobat in combination with a protectant fungicide (chlorothalonil, mancozeb, metiram, or triphenyltin hydroxide). DO NOT exceed 32 ounces per acre per season.


4 to 6.4 oz/acre 2 to 3.2 oz/acre 4 0.5 For late blight control only. Apply on a 5 to 10 day schedule depending on disease pressure. Check label for rotational crop guidelines. Use in combination with a protectant fungicide. Do not exceed 30 ounces per acre per season. DO NOT tank mix with metalaxyl or mefenoxam.

mefenoxam + copper hydroxide (Ridomil Gold/ Copper)

2 lb/acre -- 14 2 Apply at 14-day intervals for up to 3 applications. Alternate with a protectant fungicide.

mono- and dipotassium salts of phosphorous acid (Alude; Phostrol)

2.5 to 10 pints/acre -- 0 4h Mix with a fungicide labeled for control of late blight. See label for in-furrow application or foliar application rates.

oxathiapiprolin + chlorothalonil (Orondis Opti)

See label -- See label See label Orondis is sold in co-pack with chlorothalonil; see label.

oxathiapiprolin + mandipropamid (Orondis Ultra)

See label -- See label See label Orondis sold in co-pack with mandipropamid; see label.

Pink rot, Pythium leak, tuber rot

azoxystrobin + mefenoxam (Quadris Ridomil Gold) 2.08 F + 4 F

0.82 fl oz/1,000 fl of row

— — 0 Apply as an in-furrow spray in 3 to 15 gallons of water per acre at planting.


1.4 to 2.75 fl oz/acre 0.036 to 0.071 lb/acre 7 0.5 For pink rot and Pythium leak, apply at the high rate. Do not apply more than 10 sprays per crop. Make no more than 3 consecutive applications followed by 3 applications from a different resistance management group.

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold SL)

(Ultraflourish)



0.013 lb/1,000 ft of row0.21 fl oz/1,000 ft

of row

14 2 See labels for maximum amount of product allowable per season. PHI is based on foliar application for Ultraflourish.

mefenoxam + chlorothalonil (Ridomil Gold/Bravo, Flouronil)76.5 WP

2 lb/acre — 14 2 Apply at flowering and then continue on a14-day interval. Do not exceed more than four applications per crop.


2 lb/acre — 14 2 Apply at 14-day intervals for up to 3 applications. Alternate with a protectant fungicide.


2.5 lb/acre — 14 2 Apply at 14-day intervals for up to 3 applications.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 4 to 8 pt/trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/acre 7 2 Preplant incorporated or soil surface spray

mono- and dipotassium salts of phosphorous acid (Alude)

1.25 qt/acre in 90-375 gal water

1.62 lb/acre 0 0.16 Apply at 5-14 days depending on disease incidence.

566

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL



Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPowdery mildew azoxystrobin (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates may vary depending on the product. Apply

in furrow at planting according to label direction. Do not apply more than one application without alternating away from fungicides in Group 11.


1.6 pt/acre — 14 0.5 Apply at 5 to 7 day intervals. Do not apply more than 1.5 pounds a.i./acre/year of azoxystrobin; do not apply more than 11.25 pounds a.i./acre /year of chlorothalonil. Do not make more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not apply this product or other fungicides in Group 11 more than 6 times in a season.


8 to 14 fl oz/acre — 14 0.5 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Apply no more than 2 sequential applications without alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not apply more than 55.3 pounds product per acre per year. Do not apply more than 0.46 pound a.i./acre /year of difenoconazole-containing products; do not apply more than 2.0 pounds a.i./acre /year of azoxystrobin-containing products.

chlorothalonil + sulfur (Bravo S)

4.3 pt/acre — 7 2 Apply when disease first appears; then repeat as needed. Check label for application intervals. Avoid applying sulfur on days over 90 degrees F.


11.2 oz/acre — 7 0.5 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications without switching to a fungicide outside of Group 7 or Group 9.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Priaxor Xemium)

4 to 8 oz/acre — 7 0.5 Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not apply more than 24 ounces per acre per season including infurrow and foliar uses.


5.5 to 7 fl oz/acre — 14 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, on 7 to 10 day intervals. Do not apply more than twice before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Do not apply more than 28 fluid ounces per acre per season.


2.9 lb/acre — 3 (FL); 14

1 Apply at 7 to 14 day-intervals. Do not apply more than 17.4 pounds per acre product per season. Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

penthiopyrad (Vertisan) 10 to 24 oz/acre 0.1 to 0.3 oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply at 7-14 day intervals. Make no more than 2 applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not exceed 72 ounces per acre per year. Do not apply more than 11.25 ounces a.i. per acre per year in total from any combination of seed, soil, or foliar applications.

pyraclostrobin (Headline; Headline SC)

6 to 12 fl oz/acre 1.4 to 2.8 fl oz/acre 3 1 DO NOT exceed six foliar applications or 72 total ounces of product per acre per season. Do not apply more than one time before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action.

sulfur (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation.

For Pumpkin, Winter Squash, and Summer Squash – See CucurbitsRadish – See Root VegetablesScallion - See Onion, Green Shallot – See Onion, Dry

567

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Root Vegetables (Except Sugar Beet) Beet, Carrot, Parsnip, Radish, Turnip

Table 10-46. Disease Control Products for Root Vegetables (Except Sugar Beet) — Beet (red, garden or table), Carrot, Parsnip, Radish, Turnip – Harvested for roots only


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksAlternaria blight, black crown rot

iprodione (Rovral) 4 F 1 to 2 pt/acre 0.5 to 1 lb/acre 0 1 For use on carrot s only. Make no more than 4 applications per season.

Alternaria leaf blight, Cercospora leaf spot

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 9.0 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.15 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr No more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Make no more than 123 fluid ounces per acre per year.

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Quilt) 1.66SC

14 fl oz 0.18 lb/acre 14 0.5 For use on carrot s only. No more than 1 application before alternating with a non-Group11 fungicide. Make no more than 55 fluid ounces per acre per year.

boscalid (Endura) 70WG 4.5 oz/acre 0.2 lb/acre 0 0.5 For use on carrot s only. Not for Cercospora. Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications or more than 5 applications per season.


See label



11 to 14 oz/acre 6.9 to 8.7 oz/acre 7 0.5 Not for Cercospora. Apply when disease first appears, and continue on 7 to 10 day intervals if conditions remain favorable for disease development. Do not exceed 56 ounces of product per acre per year.


See label



16 to 30 fl oz/acre 3.26 to 6.78 fl oz/ acre

0 0.5 Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 61 fluid ounces/acre per year.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 WG 8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 0 0.5 Alternate with a fungicide with a different mode of action.


8 to 10.5 oz/acre 3 to 4 oz/acre 0 0.5 FOR USE ON CARROTS ONLY. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a different mode of action. Use no more than 63 ounces or make no more than 6 applications per season.

trifloxystrobin (Flint) 50 WDG 2 to 3 oz/acreFor radish:

2 to 4 oz/acre

1 to 1.5 oz/acreFor radish:

1 to 2 oz/acre

7 0.5 Make no more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide with another mode of action.

trifloxystrobin (Gem) 500 SC 1.9 to 2.9 fl oz/acre 0.81 to 1.24 fl oz/ acre

Make no more than 4 applications per season.

Cercospora leaf spot or blight, powdery mildew

propiconazole (Tilt) 3.6 F 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.084 to 0.112 lb/ acre

14 0.5 FOR USE ON GARDEN BEETS AND CARROTS ONLY. Use higher rate for carrots. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 16 fluid ounces per acre per season.

tebuconazole (Folicur) 3.6EC 4 to 7.2 fl oz/acre 0.113 to 0.203 lb/ acre

7 0.5 FOR USE ON TURNIP ONLY. Repeat applications at 12 to 14 day intervals. Apply no more than 28 fluid ounces/ acre/season.

Downy mildew fixed copper (various) See label See label See label

See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray or dust at first appearance, 7 to 10 day intervals.

Actigard 50WG 0.5 to 1 oz/acre 0.25 to 0.5 oz/acre 7 0.5 FOR RADISH, RUTABAGA, AND TURNIP ONLY. Makeup to 4 applications at 7-day intervals.

Leaf spots fixed copper (various) See label See label See label

See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray or dust at first appearance, 7- t o 10-day intervals.

Phytophthora basal stem rot


1 to 2 pt/trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/trt acre — 2 Apply as a preplant application to soil and incorporate into top 2 inches of soil. Broadcast or band.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2E 4 to 8 pt/trt acre 0.5 to 1 lb/trt/acre — 2

Pythium root rot, root dieback, cavity spot

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 SL (Ultra Flourish) 2 EC

1 to 2 pt/trt acre 2 to 4 pt/trt acre

0.5 to 1 lb/trt acre — 2 Apply preplant incorporated into top 2 inches, as a soil spray at planting, or in drip irrigation at planting.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 4 to 8 pt/trt acre 0.9 to 1.8 pt/trt acre — 2 Apply preplant incorporated into top 2 inches of soil or as a post-plant soil spray at planting followed by 0.5 to 1 inch of water.

fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 14 0.5 Make no more than 1 application before alternating with a mefenoxam-containing fungicide. Apply no more than 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Applied with sprayer or in sprinkler irrigation.

cyazofamid (Ranman) 400 SC 6 fl oz/acre 0.156 lb/acre 14 0.5 FOR USE ON CARROTS ONLY. May be applied preplant incorporated, as a pre-emergent surface band, or in sprinkler irrigation. Applications can be repeated at 14- day intervals, but must alternate with a Pythium fungicide with a different mode of action.

fluopicolide (Presidio) 4 F 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 7 0.5 Can be applied with a sprayer or in sprinkler irrigation. Regardless of method, must be applied in combination with a fungicide with a different mode of action and labeled for that method. No more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a Pythium fungicide with a different mode of action. Maximum of 12 fluid ounces per acre per year. For carrots only, may also be applied preplant incorporated.

568

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-46. Disease Control Products for Root Vegetables (Except Sugar Beet) — Beet (red, garden or table), Carrot, Parsnip, Radish, Turnip – Harvested for roots only


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksPowdery mildew azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 9.0 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.15 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr No more than 1 application before alternating with a

fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 123 fluid ounces per acre per season.

azoxystrobin + propiconazole (Quilt) 1.66SC

14 fl oz 0.18 lb/acre 14 0.5 For use on carrot s only. No more than 1 application before alternating with a non-Group11 fungicide. Apply no more than 55 fluid ounces per acre per year.

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG See label 0.2 lb/acre 0 0.5 For use on carrot s only. Make more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Make no more than 5 applications per season.


11 to 14 oz/acre 0.430 to 0.547 lb/acre

7 0.5 Make no more than 2 applications per crop. For radish, apply no more than 28 ounces per crop or 56 ounces per plot of land per year.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Merivon) 4.18 SC

4 to 5.5 fl oz/acre 0.13 to 0.18 lb/acre 7 0.5 Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications before rotating to a labeled non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide. Make no more than 3 applications per season.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 EG 8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 2.4 oz/acre 0 0.5 Alternate with a fungicide with a different mode of action.


8 to 10.5 oz/acre 3 to 4 oz/acre 0 0.5 FOR USE ON CARROTS ONLY. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a different mode of action. Use no more than 63 ounces or make no more than 6 applications per season.



0 0.5 Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 61 fluid ounces per acre per year.


See label

See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Spray at first appearance. Avoid applying on days over 90 degrees F.

Rhizoctonia root canker

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/1000 row ft

0.0065 to 0.013 lb/1000 row ft

0 4 hr Make one application, applied either in-furrow at planting, in a 7-inch band over the row prior to or shortly after planting, or in drip irrigation.

Rust penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1.67 SC


0 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 61 fluid ounces per acre per year.


See label


Sclerotinia, Botrytis

boscalid (Endura) 70 WG 7.8 oz 0.34 lb/acre 0 0.5 FOR USE ON CARROTS ONLY. No more than 2 applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Limit of 3 applications per season.




Sclerotinia, Botrytis (postharvest)

thiabendazole (Mertect 340-F) 4.1 F

41 fl oz/100 gal 1.31 lb/100 gal — 0.5 Dip harvested roots 5 to 10 seconds. Do not rinse.

Southern blight dichloropropene (Telone) C-17C-35

10.8 to 17.1 gal/acre 13 to 20.5 gal/acre

107 to 169 lb/acre139 to 220 lb/acre

— 5 Fumigate soil in-the-row 3 to 6 weeks before seeding. Rate is based on soil type; see label for in-row rates.


8 to 10.5 oz/acre 3 to 4 oz/acre 0 0.5 FOR USE ON CARROTS ONLY. Suppression only. Make no more than 6 applications per season.


0.4 to 0.8 fl oz/1000 row ft

0.0065 to 0.013lb/1000 row ft

0 4 hr Make one application, applied either in-furrow at planting, in a 7-inch band over the row prior to or shortly after planting, or in drip irrigation.




White rust azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F

6.0 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr No more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 123 fl oz per acre per season.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 EG 8 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Alternate with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 48 ounces/acre/season.


2 lb/acre — 7 1 Spray leaves. Use with preplant Ridomil 2E soil applications. Make 2 to 4 applications if needed on 14-day intervals.

569

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-47. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in CarrotScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Strategy Alte

rnar

ia b

light

Cer

cosp

ora

blig

ht

Pow

dery

m

ildew

Pyth

ium

cav

ity

spot

Pyth

ium

da

mpi

ng o

ff

Sout

hern

blig

ht

Rhi

zoct

onia

ca

vity

spo

t

Scle

rotin

ia

post

harv

est

Bot

rytis

po

stha

rves

t

Bac

teria

l lea

f bl

ight

Roo

t-kno

t ne

mat

ode

Avoid field operations when leaves are wet P P NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC

Avoid overhead irrigation F F NC NC NC NC NC F NC F NC

Change planting date P P NC F F F NC NC NC NC F

Cover cropping with antagonist NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F

Crop rotation F F NC P P P P P NC F P

Deep plowing G G P NC NC F F F P G NC

Destroy crop residue E E P NC NC NC P NC P E P

Encourage air movement F F NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC

Plant in well-drained soil NC NC NC G G P F F NC NC NC

Plant on raised beds NC NC NC F F NC F P NC NC NC

Postharvest temperature control NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E E NC NC

Reduce mechanical injury NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F G NC NC

Destroy volunteer carrots F F P NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Pathogen-free planting material E E NC NC NC NC NC NC NC E NC

Resistant cultivars G G F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Spinach

Table 10-48. Disease Control Products for Spinach


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredients Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDamping off (Pythium)

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold) 4 SL (Ultra Flourish) 2 EC

1 to 2 pt/trt acre2 to 4 pt/trt acre

0.5 to 1 lb/trt acre 21 2 Broadcast or banded over the row as a soil spray or preplant incorporation into the top 2 inches of soil.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 4 to 8 pt/trt acre 1 to 2 lb/trt acre 21 2 Broadcast or banded over the row as a soil spray or preplant incorporation into the top 2 inches of soil.

Seedling blight (Rhizoctonia), damping off (Pythium)


0.34 fl oz/ 1000 ft of row

0.13 fl oz/ 1000 ft of row

— 0 Apply as an in furrow spray in 5 gallons of water per acre prior to covering seed. Make only 1 application per season.

Downy mildew cymoxanil (Curzate) 60DF 5 oz /acre 0.1875 lb/acre 1 0.5 Apply with a protectant fungicide. Apply no more than 30 ounces per acre in a 12-month period.

mandipropamid (Revus) 2.08 F 8 fl oz/acre 0.13 lb/acre 1 4 hr Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 32 fluid ounces/acre/season.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 EG 12 to 16 oz/acre 0.15 to 0.2 lb/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 64 ounces per acre per growing season.

Downy mildew, white rust

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) 50 WG

0.5 to 0.75 oz/acre 0.25 to 0.37 oz/acre 7 0.5 Do not apply to young seedlings or plants stressed due to drought, excessive moisture, cold weather, or herbicide injury.

famoxadone + cymoxanil (Tanos) DF

8 to 10 oz/acre — 1 0.5 Must be tank-mixed with a contact downy mildew fungicide with a different mode of action. Make no more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 84 ounces/acre per cropping season.

fluopicolide (Presidio) 4F 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.125 lb/acre 2 0.5 Tank mix with another downy mildew fungicide with a different mode of action.

570

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-48. Disease Control Products for Spinach


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredients Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksDowny mildew, white rust (continued)

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Merivon) 4.18 SC

4 to 11 fl oz/acre 0.13 to 0.36 lb/acre 1 0.5 Do not tank-mix Merivon with any pesticides, adjuvants, fertilizers, nutrients, or any other additives. Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications before rotating to a labeled non-Group 7 or non-Group 11 fungicide. Make no more than 3 applications per season.


See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Some formulations of copper may cause leaf flecking.

fosetly-Al (Aliette) 80 WDG 2 to 5 lb/acre 1.4 to 4 lb/acre 3 0.5 Do not mix with surfactants, foliar fertilizers, or products containing copper.

mefenoxam (Ridomil) 4 SL 0.25 pt/acre 0.125 lb/acre 21 2 Apply preplant as above for damping off. Shank in 21 days after planting or after first cutting. Another application may be shanked in after the next cutting. A total of 2 shank applications may be made on a 21-day interval. Do not use post-emergence if a preplant application was not made.


2.5 lb/acre — 21 2 Spray to foliage. Use with preplant Ridomil Gold soil application.

metalaxyl (MetaStar) 2 E 1 pt/trt acre 0.125 lb/acre 21 2 Shank in 21 days after planting. Apply no more than 2 shanked applications on 21-day intervals.

White rust cyazofamid (Ranman) 400 SC 2.1 to 2.75 fl oz/ acre 0.054 to 0.071 lb/ acre

0 0.5 No more than 5 applications per crop. No more than 3 consecutive applications followed by at least three applications of a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not apply more than 13.75 fluid ounces per acre per crop per growing season

fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC 5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.27 lb/acre 2 0.5 Make no more than 1 application before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 24.6 fluid ounces/acre per growing season.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 EG 8 to 12 oz/acre 0.1 to 0.15 lb/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 64 ounces per acre per growing season.

Downy mildew, leaf spot

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20 EG 12 to 16 oz/acre 0.15 to 0.2 lb/acre 0 0.5 Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 64 ounces per acre per growing season.

Downy mildew, leaf spot, white rust


See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Some formulations of copper may cause flecking on the leaves.

Leaf spot, white rust

azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F 6 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.10 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Make no more than 2 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply no more than 92.3 fluid ounces per acre per season.

Leaf spots penthiopyrad (Fontelis) SC 14 to 24 fl oz/acre 2.86 to 4.90 fl oz/ acre


For Winter Squash and Summer Squash – See Cucurbits

Sweetpotato

Table 10-49. Disease Control Products for SweetpotatoRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksBlack rot (Ceratocystis fimbriata), scurf (Monilochaetes infuscans), and foot rot

thiabendazole (Mertect 340 F)

107 fl oz/100 gal 4 lb/100 gal — — Dip seed roots 1 to 2 minutes and plant immediately; not for Sclerotial blight.

Black rot (Ceratocystis fimbriata)

thiabendazole (Mertect 340 F)

3 0.42 fl oz per 2,000 lb of roots or 0.42 fl oz/gal

0.5 0.5 SECTION 18 LABEL ONLY IN NORTH CAROLINA (until December 31, 2016)Postharvest treatment of sweetpotato for control of black rot. Limit to one application during packing.Mist washed roots on a conveyor line, with tumbling action, before packing with 0.42 fl oz of Mertect to each 2,000 lb of roots in sufficient water for complete coverage. Or dip the roots for 20 seconds in 0.42 fl oz of Mertect per gal of water. Ensure roots are dry before packing.

571

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-49. Disease Control Products for SweetpotatoRate of Material to Use Minimum Days

Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredient Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksCircular spot, Sclerotial blight, Rhizoctonia stem canker, Pythium root rot



0.006 to 0.013 lb — 4 hr Make in-furrow or banded applications shortly after transplanting.

Seed-borne and soilborne fungi that cause decay, damping off or seedling blight

azoxystrobin (Dynasty) 0.83 F

0.19 to 0.38 fl oz per 100 lb of propagating roots

0.009 to 0.036 fl oz per 100 lb of propagating

roots

— 4 hr Apply uniformly to seed roots as a water-based slurry.

fludioxonil (Maxim 4 FS)

0.08 to 0.16 fl oz per 100 lb of propagating roots

0.032 to 0.064 fl oz per 100 lb of propagating

roots

— 0.5 Apply uniformly to seed roots as a water-based slurry.

Damping off (Pythium) cyazofamid (Ranman 400 SC)

6/1 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Apply at planting. Refer to label for details.


1 to 2 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/treated acre — 2 Incorporate in soil. See label for row rate.


4 to 8 pt/treated acre 0.5 to 1 lb/acre 7 2 Preplant incorporated or soil surface spray.

Foliar diseases (Alternaria and powdery mildew)


8 to 14 fl oz/ acre 14 0.5 Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 7- to 14-day interval.


11 to 14 oz/acre 7 0.5 Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 7- to 10-day interval.

fenamidone (Reason 500 SC)

5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 fl oz/acre 14 0.5 Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 5- to 10-day interval.

pyrimethanil (Scala SC)

7 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 7 0.5 Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 7- to 14-day interval.

Foliar (Alternaria) and soilborne (Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia) fungal diseases

azoxystrobin (Aframe, various)

6 to 15.5 fl oz/acre 0.1 to 0.25 lb/acre 0 4 hr Limit to 123 fl oz per acre per season. For soilborne disease control refer to label. Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 5- to 7-day interval.

boscalid (Endura) 2.5 to 10 oz/acre 10 0.5 For soilborne disease control refer to label. Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 7- to 10-day interval.


7 + 9 11.2 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Limit to 54.7 fl oz per acre per year. Apply at the critical timings for disease control Continue as needed on a 7- to 14-day interval. When disease pressure is severe, use the shorter intervals.

fluoxastrobin (Aftershock)

2 to 3.8 fl oz/acre 0.06 to 0.12 lb/acre 7 0.5 Limit to 22.8 fl oz per acre per year. For soilborne disease control refer to label. Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 7- to 10-day interval.

metconazole (Quash)

2.5 to 4 oz/acre 0.078 to 0.125 lb/acre 1 0.5 Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 7- to 10-day interval.

penthiopyrad (Vertisan)

0.7 to 24 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 For soilborne disease control refer to label. Begin foliar applications prior to disease and continue on a 7- to 14-day interval.

Mottle necrosis (Pythium postharvest)

potassium phosphite (Alude)

1 ¼ quarts/acre 0 4 hr Foliar spray at 5 to 14 day intervals depending on disease incidence.

Postharvest sanitation calcium hypochlorite 65%

3 to 10 oz/100 gal 150 to 500 ppm — — Dip or spray 2 to 5 minutes. Monitor chlorine concentration and add chlorine or change solution as needed.

Postharvest Rhizopussoft rot

dicloran (Botran) 75 W

1 lb/100 gal 0.75 lb/100 gal — — Spray or dip. Dip for 5 to 10 seconds in well-agitated suspension. Add 1/2 pound Botran to 100 gallons of treating suspension after 500 bushels treated. Do not rinse.

fludioxonil (Scholar 1.9 SC)

16 to 32 fl oz/100 gal 3.3 to 6.5 fl oz/100 gal — — Dip for approximately 30 seconds in well-agitated solution and allow sweetpotatoes to drain. Add 8 fl oz to 100 gals after 500 bushels are treated. OR mix 16 fluid ounces in 7 to 25 gallons of water, wax/emulsion, or aqueous dilution of wax/ oil emulsion. Can also be used to disinfest tanks, refer to label.

Scurf (Monilochaetes infuscans) and Sclerotial blight (Sclerotium rolfsii)

dicloran (Botran) 75 W

1 lb/100 gal 0.75 lb/100 gal — — Seed dip: Dip seed sweetpotatoes 10 to 15 seconds in a well-agitated fungicide suspension. Drain sweetpotatoes and bed promptly. Prepare fresh fungicide suspension daily.Plant bed spray: Spray or sprinkle over bedded sweetpotatoes before covering them with soil.

White rust azoxystrobin (Quadris) 2.08 F

6.2 to 15.4 fl oz/ acre 0.1 to 0.25 fl oz/acre 7 4 hr Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Apply no more than 2.88 quarts per crop per acre per season.


5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 lb/ acre 14 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, and continue on 5 to 10 day interval. Do not apply more than 16.4 fluid ounces per growing season. Alternate with a fungicide from different resistance management group.


8 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not apply more than 48 ounces per acre per season. Alternate with a fungicide with a different mode of action after each use.

572

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-50. Efficacy of Products for Disease Control in Sweetpotato


Product Nem

atic

ide

(N) o

r Fun

gici

de (F

)

Bac

teria

l ste

m a

nd ro

ot ro

t (E

. chr

ysan

them

i)

Bla

ck ro

t (C

. fim

bria

ta)

Foot

rot (

P. d

estr

uens

)

Fusa

rium

root

rot a

nd s

tem

can

ker

(F. s

olan

i)

Fusa

rium

sur

face

rot (

F. o

xysp

orum

)

Fusa

rium

wilt

(F. o

xysp

orum

f. s

p. b

atat

as)

Java

bla

ck ro

t (D

. gos

sypi

na)

Roo

t-kno

t and

Ren

iform

nem

atod

es

(Mel

oido

gyne

& R

otyl

ench

us s

pp.)

Rhi

zopu

s so

ft ro

t (R

. sto

loni

fer)

Scle

rotia

l blig

ht/C

ircul

ar s

pot

(S. r

olfs

ii)

Scur

f (M

. inf

usca

ns)

Soil

rot/P

ox (S

. ipo

moe

a)

Swee

tpot

ato

feat

hery

mot

tle v

irus

aldicarb (Temik) N ND ND ND ND ND ND ND G ND ND ND ND ND

Pseudomonas syringae (Bio-Save) F ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND P ND ND ND ND

chlorine F F F P ND ND ND P ND F ND P NC ND

chloropicrin N, F ND P P F P F F F ND F ND F ND

dicloran (Botran 75W) F NC P ND ND F ND P ND F P F NC ND

ethoprop (Mocap) N ND ND NC ND ND ND ND P ND ND ND ND ND

fludioxonil (Scholar) F NC F ND ND ND ND ND NC F NC ND NC ND

metam sodium (Vapam) N ND P P F P F ND F ND ND ND ND ND

oxamyl (Vydate) F ND ND NC ND ND ND ND F ND ND ND ND ND

dichloropropene (Telone II) N ND ND NC P P P ND G ND ND ND ND ND

thiabendazole (Mertect 340-F) F NC E F P P ND F ND E F P NC ND

Table 10-51. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in SweetpotatoScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Strategy Bac

teria

l ste

m a

nd ro

ot ro

t (E

. chr

ysan

them

i)

Bla

ck ro

t (C

. fim

bria

ta)

Foot

rot (

P. d

estr

uens

)

Fusa

rium

root

rot &

ste

m c

anke

r (F

. sol

ani)

Fusa

rium

sur

face

rot

(F. o

xysp

orum

)

Fusa

rium

wilt

(F. o

xysp

orum

f. s

p. b

atat

as)

Java

bla

ck ro

t (D

. gos

sypi

na)

Roo

t-kno

t & R

enifo

rm n

emat

odes

(Mel

oido

gyne

and

Rot

ylen

chus

)

Rhi

zopu

s so

ft ro

t (R

. sto

loni

fer)

Scle

rotia

l blig

ht/C

ircul

ar s

pot

(S. r

olfs

ii)

Scur

f (M

. inf

usca

ns)

Soil

rot/P

ox (S

. ipo

moe

a)

Swee

pota

to F

eath

ery

Mot

tle V

irus

Crop rotation (3 to 4 years) P F P G P F F F NC F P F NCDisease-free planting stock G E G E P E E F NC P E P GResistant cultivars F NC P F P G F FS F F P G FCareful handling to reduce mechanical injury P F NC F E NC NC NC E NC NC NC NCCutting plants (in beds) above soil line P E G F NC F F NC NC NC G P NCSoil sample for nematode analysis NC NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NC NCSanitation (equipment, fields, storage houses) F E F P F NC F NC E NC P NC NCManage insects that transmit pathogens NC E NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NCSulfur added to soil to reduce pH NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NCPrompt curing and proper storage conditions F F NC F E NC F NC E NC NC NC NCSite selection (drainage) P NC NC F F F F NC F P NC P NCManage insects that cause feeding injuries to roots P E NC NC NC NC P NC P NC NC NC NCAvoid harvesting when soils are wet F F NC NC E NC F NC F NC NC NC NC

Note: Resistant cultivars for root knot nematode are susceptible to reniform nematode

Sweetpotato Storage House Sanitation – See Sanitation

573

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


TomatilloTable 10-52. Disease Control Products for Tomatillo


Disease Material Formulation Active Ingredients Harvest Reentry Method, Schedule, and RemarksEarly Blight azoxystrobin (Quadris, Equation) 5 to 6.2 fl oz/acre 0.08 to 0.1 fl oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 37 fl ounces per crop per acre per season. Make

no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


8 fl oz/acre 2.4 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 47 fluid ounces per acre per season. Do not apply until 21 days after transplanting or 35 days after seeding.

boscald(Endura)

2.5 to 3.5 oz/acre 1.75 to 2.45 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 21 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.



cyprodinil + fludioxonil(Switch) 62.5 WG

11 to 14 oz/acre 0.43 to 0.55 lb/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 56 ounces per acre per year. After two applications, rotate to another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications.

difenoconozole + mandipropamid(Revus Top)

5.5 to 7 fl oz/acre 2.41 to 3.1 fl oz/acre 1 0.5 Limit of 28 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.178 to 0.267 lb/ acre

14 0.5 Limit of 24.6 fluid ounces per growing season. Make no more than one applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action.


2.0 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 0.81 to 2.3 fl oz/A 3 0.5 Limit of 22.8 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not overhead irrigate for 24 hours following a spray application.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 10 to 24 fl oz/acre 0.13 to 0.31 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not exceed 72 fluid ounces of product per year. Make no more than two sequential applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

polyoxin D (Ph-D) 6.2 oz/acre 0.7 oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit of five applications per season. Make no more than one sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20% EG 8 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 96 oz per acre per season. Make no more than one sequential application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Trifloxystrobin (Flint) 2 to 3 oz/acre 1 to 3.5 oz/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 16 ounces per acre per year. Make no more than one sequential applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Powdery mildew

azoxystrobin (Quadris) Flowable 5 to 6.2 fl oz/acre 0.08 to 0.1 fl oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 37 fluid ounces per crop per acre per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


8 fl oz/acre 2.4 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 47 fluid ounces per acre per season. Do not apply until 21 days after transplanting or 35 days after seeding.








11 to 14 oz/acre 0.43 to 0.55 lb/acre 0 0.5 Limit 56 ounces per acre per year. After two applications, rotate to another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 10 to 24 fl oz/acre 0.13 to 0.31 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not exceed 72 fluid ounces of product per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

polyoxin D(Ph-D)

6.2 oz/acre 0.7 oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit five applications per season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 20% EG 8 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 96 ounces per acre per season. Make no more than one sequential application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


5.5 to 7 fl oz/acre 0.089 to 0.114 lb/acre

0 0.5 Limit of 28 fluid ounces per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

574

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


TomatoI. Meadows, Entomology and Plant Pathology

Table 10-53. Disease Control Products for Tomato Rate of Material to Use Minimum Days


Tomato (grown for transplant and retail sale to consumers)

Late blight mandipropamid (Micora) 5.5 to 8.0 fl oz/acre 0.65 to 0.9 fl oz/acre NA 4 hr Apply no more than 2 applications containing Micora per crop.

Tomato (transplants) Treating seed to eliminate plant pathogens on or within the seed is recommended. For a list of seed treatments that are compatible with raw (naked) seed see seed treatment table.

Bacterial canker, Bacterial spot, Bacterial speck

sodium hypochlorite (Clorox 5.25%)

1 qt + 4 qt water same NA 0 Wash seed for 40 minutes in solution with continuous agitation; air dry promptly. Use 1 gallon of solution per 1 pound seed.

streptomycin sulfate(Agri-Mycin 17 WP)(Streptrol 21.3%)

1 lb/100 gal -- NA 0 Begin application at first true leaf stage, repeat weekly until transplanting. For plant bed use only.

Bacterial spot, Bacterial speck

bacteriophage (AgriPhage) 3 to 8 oz/9,600 sq ft -- NA 0 Works best if applied during or after last watering of the day.

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. Begin application at first true leaf stage, repeat at 3 to day intervals until transplanting. Alternating with streptomycin sulfate is recommended.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. NOTE: Use a full rate of fixed copper in combination with mancozeb. Mancozeb alone does not control bacteria.

streptomycin sulfate(Agri-Mycin 17,Ag Streptomycin, Bac-Master, FireWall)

1 lb/100 gal 0.17 lb/100 gal NA 0 Begin application at first true leaf stage, repeat weekly until transplanting. For plant bed use only.

Botrytis (gray mold), Botrytis stem canker

chlorothalonil + potassium phosphite (Catamaran)

4.5 to 5.5 pts/acre 2.5 to 3.1 pt/acre NA 0 Limit of 50 pints/acre/season. NOTE: Phytotoxicity may occur on greenhouse transplants.

dicloran(Botran 75W)

1 lb/100 gal 0.75 lb/100 gal NA 0 Limit of 5.3 pounds product per acre per year. Do not make more than 4 applications per crop. Apply as a foliar spray to seedlings.

Early blight, Late blight chlorothalonil + potassium phosphite (Catamaran)

4.5 to 5.5 pts/acre 2.5 to 3.1 pt/acre NA 0 Limit of 50 pints/acre/season. NOTE: Phytotoxicity may occur on greenhouse transplants.

mancozeb (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. NOTE: Use a full rate of fixed copper in combination with mancozeb if bacteria control is also required.

Pythium damping off cyazofamid (Ranman) 3.0 fl oz/100 gallons water

0.078 lb NA 0.5 Make a single DRENCH application to seedling tray at the time of planting or at any time thereafter up until one week before transplanting.

propamocarb(Previcur Flex)

1.5 pt/acre 1 pt/acre 5 0.5 Limit of 7.5 pints/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Southern Blight penthiopyrad(Fontelis 1.67 SC)

1 to 1.6 fl oz/1000 row ft

0.2 to 0.3 fl oz/1000 row ft

NA 0.5 Apply as a soil drench to seedling tray or at time of transplant.

Tomato (field)

Anthracnose azoxystrobin (various)

5 to 6.2 fl oz/acre 0.08 to 0.1 lb/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 37 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Under high temperatures Satori in combination with some additives or adjuvants may cause crop injury.



0.6 oz/5,000 ft2 -- 0 0.5 Make no more than 2 applications before switching to a different mode of action. Mixing with some adjuvants may cause phytotoxicity; see label. Limits of a.i.’s apply; see label.


1.6 pt/acre -- 0 4 hr Must alternate with a non-FRAC code 11; use of an adjuvant may cause phytotoxicity.


difenoconazole + benzovindiflupyr (Aprovia Top)

10.5 to 13.5 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Do not make more than 2 applications before switching to a non-Group 7 fungicide. See label for application intervals and limits per season.

difenoconazole + cyprodinil(Inspire Super)

16 to 20 fl oz -- 0 0.5 Limit of 80 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

575

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Tomato (field) (continued)

Anthracnose (continued)


7.6 fl oz/acre -- 3 0.5 Disease suppression ONLY. Do not exceed 5 applications or 27.1 fl oz product/acre/season. Do not make more than 2 applications without switching to a different mode of action.

flutriafol (Rhyme) 5 to 7 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Do not exceed more than 4 applications or 28 fl oz product/acre/season.

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin(Priaxor)

4 to 8 fl oz/acre 1.7 to 3.4 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


8 oz/acre -- 3 0.5 Limit of 72 fluid ounces/acre/season (12 month cycle). Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Must be tanked mixed with a contact fungicide that has a different mode of action.

cymoxanil + chlorothalonil (Ariston)

1.9 to 3 pt/acre -- 3 0.5 Check copper labels for specific precautions and limitations for mixing with this product.



5.5 to 7 oz/acre -- 1 0.5 Limit of 28 fl oz product/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides with different mode of action.


24 fl oz/acre 4.8 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Disease suppression only. Limit of 72 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

polyoxin D zinc salt (Ph-D) (Oso 5% SC)

6.2 oz/acre3.75 to 13.0 fl oz/acre

0.7 oz/acre 0 4 hr Alternate with non-FRAC code 19 fungicide.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 96 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

trifloxystrobin(Flint 50WDG)(Gem 500 SC)

2 to 4 oz/acre3 to3.8 oz/acre

1.5 to 2 oz 3 0.5 DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 16 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (Ziram 76 DF)

3 to 4 lb/acre 2.3 to 3 lb/acre 7 2

Limit of 24 pounds/acre/season. NOTE: Do not use on cherry tomatoes.

Bacterial speck, Bacterial spot

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard 50 WG)

0.33 to 0.75 oz/acre 0.165 to 0.375 oz/ acre

14 0 Begin within one week of transplanting, spray at 7- to 10-day intervals for up to six applications. High rates may cause plant stunting.

Bacterial speck, Bacterial spot, Bacterial canker


8 oz/acre -- 3 0.5 DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 72 fluid ounces/acre/season (12 month cycle). Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Must be tanked mixed with a contact fungicide that has a different mode of action.

fixed copper (various) See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. A fixed copper spray can suppress spot and foliar canker. Most strains of spot and speck are copper resistant. Spot control is improved if product is tanked mix with mancozeb + fixed copper, see above. REI varies with copper formulation, check label.

Botrytis (gray mold) boscalid (Endura) 9 to 12.5 oz/acre 6.3 to 8.75 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 25 ounces/acre/season. Make no more than 2 sequential applications and no more than 2 per crop year.


chlorothalonil + cymoxanil(Ariston) 1.9 pt/acre -- 3 0.5

Limit of 32 pints/acre/season.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch 62.5 WG)

11 to 14 oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 56 ounces/acre/season. After two applications alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications.

difenoconazole + cyprodinil(Inspire Super) 16 to 20 fl oz -- 0 0.5

Limit of 47 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides with different mode of action.


7.6 fl oz/acre -- 3 0.5 Do not exceed 5 applications or 27.1 fl oz/acre/season. Do not make more than 2 applications without switching to a different mode of action.

fludioxonil(Scholar SC)

16 to 32 fl oz/100 gal 3.3 to 4.1 fl oz/100 gal

NA NA Use as a postharvest dip only. NOTE: Do not use on processing tomato varieties.

576

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Botrytis (gray mold) (continued)


4 to 8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides with different mode of action.


24 fl oz/acre 4.8 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 72 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 12 to 16 oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Disease suppression only. No more than 2 applications allowed before switching to a different mode of action. Do not exceed 96 oz/acre/season.

pyrimethanil (Scala) SC 7 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 1 0.5 Limit of 35 fluid ounces/acre/season.

Buckeye rot azoxystrobin (various)

See label See Label See label See Label Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. See label for application restrictions.

azoxystrobin + chlorothalonil(Quadris Opti) 1.6 pt/acre -- 0 0.5

Limit of five applications. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

famoxadone + cymoxanil(Tanos) 8 oz/acre -- 3 0.5

DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 72 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Must be tanked mixed with a contact fungicide that has a different mode of action.

mancozeb + zoxamide(Gavel 75DF) 1.5 to 2 lb/acre -- 5 2

Limit of 8 pounds/acre/season West of the Mississippi River. Limit of 16 pound/acre/season East of the Mississippi River.

mefenoxam + copper hydroxide(Ridomil Gold/ Copper) 2 lb/acre -- 14 2

Tank mix with 0.8 pound a.i. of either maneb or mancozeb.

oxathiapiprolin + chlorothalonil (Orondis Opti)

See label See label See label See label Co-pack with chlorothalonil; see label for rates and restrictions.

oxathiapiprolin + mandipropamid (Orondis Ultra)

See label See label See label See label Co-pack with mandipropamid; see label for rates and restrictions.

Cristulariella leaf spot, Powdery mildew

myclobutanil (Rally 40 WSP) 2.5 to 4 oz/acre 1 to 1.6 oz/acre 1 1 Spray weekly beginning at first sign of disease. Do not apply more than 1.25 lb/acre.

Damping off (Pythium), Root and fruit rots (Phytophthora)

fosetyl-Al (Aliette 80 WDG) 2.5 to 5 lb/acre 2 to 4 lb/acre 14 0.5 Start sprays at 2 to 4 leaf stage or at transplanting on a 7 to 14 day schedule. Not for Phytophthora fruit rot. Check label for specific counties in each state where use is prohibited.

mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold GR) (Ridomil Gold 4 SL) Ultra Flourish 2 EC)

20 lb/treated acre1 to 2 pt/treated A1 to 2 qt/treated A

0.5 lb/treated acre0.5 to 1 lb/treated A0.5 to 1 lb/treated A

72828

2 Apply uniformly to soil at time of planting. Incorporate mechanically if rainfall is not expected before seeds germinate. A second application may be made up to 4 weeks before harvest. Do not exceed 3 pints of Ridomil Gold EC or 40 lb of Ridomil Gold GR per acre.

propamocarb(Previcur Flex)

1.5 pt/acre 1 pt/acre 5 0.5 Limit of 7.5 pints/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. For Pythium only.

Gray Leaf Spot(Stemphylium spp.)


8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Do not apply until 21 days after transplanting or 35 days after seeding. Limit of 47 fl oz/acre/season. Make no more than 2 consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not use on tomato varieties that bear mature fruit less than 2 inches in diameter.










577

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L





Gray Leaf Spot(Stemphylium spp.) (continued)


11.2 fl oz/acre -- 1 0.5 See label for limits on application amounts per season. Do not make more than 2 applications of Group 7 or 9 fungicides without switching to a different mode of action.



1 to 3 lb/acre -- 5 2 Limit of 42.7 pounds/acre/season West of the Mississippi River. Limit of 58 pounds/acre/season East of the Mississippi River.

mancozeb + zoxamide(Gavel 75DF)

1.5 to 2 lb/acre -- 5 2 Limit of 8 pounds/acre/season West of the Mississippi River. Limit of 16 pounds/acre/season East of the Mississippi River.

mandipropamid + difenoconazole(Revus Top)

5.5 to 7 oz/acre -- 1 0.5 Limit of 28 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

trifloxystrobin (Flint) 3 to 4 oz 1.5 to 2 oz 3 0.5 Disease suppression only. Limit of 16 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

Early blight,Septoria leaf spot and Target spot

azoxystrobin (various)

See label See label See label See label Limit of 37 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Under high temperatures Satori in combination with some additives or adjuvants may cause crop injury.




1.6 pt/acre -- 0 0.5 Must alternate with a non-FRAC code 11; use of an adjuvant may cause phytotoxicity. Do not make more than 5 applications of a Group 11 fungicide/acre/season.

azoxystrobin + difenoconzole (Quadris Top)

8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Do not apply until 21 days after transplanting or 35 days after seeding. Limit of 47 fluid ounces/acre/season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not use on tomato varieties that bear mature fruit less than 2 inches in diameter.

chlorothalonil (various) See label See label See label See label Refer to label for rates and restrictions.


1.6 pt/acre 0.8 pt/acre 0 4 hr Must alternate with a non-FRAC code 11; use of an adjuvant may cause phytotoxicity.

boscalid (Endura) 2.5 to 3.5 oz/acre 1.75 to 2.45 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 21 ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two applications of the high rate per season and no more than six application of the low rate per season. NOTE: Endura is not labeled for Septoria leaf spot management.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch 62.5 WG)

11 to 14 oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 56 ounces/acre/season. After two applications alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications. NOTE: Switch 62.5 WG is not labeled for Septoria leaf spot or Target spot management.






6 to 8 oz/acre -- 3 0.5 Limit of 72 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Must be tanked mixed with a contact fungicide that has a different mode of action. For Septoria leaf spot and target spot use 8 ounces per acre.


1.9 to 3.0 pt/acre -- 3 0.5 Check copper labels for specific precautions and limitations for mixing with this product.

fenamidone (Reason) 500 SC 5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.27 fl oz/

acre14 4 hr

Limit of 24.6 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. NOTE: Reason 500 SC is not labeled for Target spot management.

578

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Early blight,Septoria leaf spot and Target spot(continued)




11.2 fl oz/acre -- 1 0.5 See label for limits on application amounts per season. Do not make more than 2 applications of Group 7 or 9 fungicides without switching to a different mode of action.


2.0 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 0.06 to 0.18 lb/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 22.8 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

flutriafol (Rhyme) 5 to 7 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Do not exceed more than 4 applications or 28 fl oz product/acre/season. NOT LABELED FOR SEPTORIA.

fluxapyroxad + yraclostrobin(Priaxor)

4 to 8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 24 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.



1.5 to 2 lb/acre -- 5 2 Limit of 8 pounds/acre/season west of the Mississippi River. Limit of 16 pounds/acre/season east of the Mississippi River.


5.5 to 7 oz/acre -- 1 0.5 Limit of 28 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not apply more than two consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide that have a different mode of action.


16 to 24 fl oz -- 0 0.5 Do not exceed 72 fl oz/acre/season. Do not make more than 2 applications before switching to a different mode of action.

propamocarb (Previcur Flex)

0.7 to 1.5 pt/acre 0.47 to 1 pt/acre 5 0.5 Limit of 7.5 pints/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Tank mix with a compatible fungicide for optimal Early blight control. NOTE: Previcur Flex is not labeled for Septoria leaf spot or Target spot management.


6.2 oz/acre 3.75 to 13.0 fl


pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 8 to 12 oz/acre 1.6 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 96 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

pyrimethanil (Scala) SC 7 fl oz/acre 0.27 lb/acre 1 0.5 Limit of 35 fluid ounces/acre/season. Use only in a tank mix with another fungicide recommended for Early blight. NOTE: Scala SC is not labeled for Septoria leaf spot management. Scala SC is only labeled for Target spot in Florida.

trifloxystrobin (Flint) 3 to 4 oz/acre 1.5 to 2 oz/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 16 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Flint is not labeled for Early blight or Target spot management.

zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (Ziram) 76 DF

3 to 4 lb/acre 2.3 to 3 lb/acre 7 2 Limit of 24 pounds/acre/season. NOTE: Do not use on cherry tomatoes. Ziram 76DF is not labeled for Target spot management.

zoxamide + chlorothalonil (Zing)

36 fl oz/acre — 5 0.5 Do not use more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Not labeled for Target spot management.

Powdery mildew azoxystrobin (various) 5 to 6.2 fl oz/acre 0.08 to 0.1 fl oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 37 fluid ounces per crop/acre/season. Make no more than one application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.




1.6 pt/acre -- 0 0.5 Must alternate with a non-FRAC code 11; use of an adjuvant may cause phytotoxicity. Do not make more than 5 applications of a Group 11 fungicide/acre/season.


8 fl oz/acre 2.4 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Limit of 47 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not apply until 21 days after transplanting or 35 days after seeding.

579

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L







2 to 2.44 pt/acre -- 3 0.5 Limit of 18.1 pints per acre per year.

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch 62.5 WG) 11 to 14 oz/acre -- 0 0.5

Limit of 56 ounces/acre/season. After two applications alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications.


16 to 20 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 80 fluid ounces/acre/season.




5 to 7.6 fl oz/acre -- 3 0.5 Do not exceed 5 applications or 27.1 fl oz/acre/season. Do not make more than 2 applications without switching to a different mode of action.


5.5 to 7 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 28 fluid ounces/acre/season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

myclobutanil (Rally 40 WSP) (Sonoma 40WSP)(Sonoma 20EW)

2.5 to 4 oz/acre2.5 to 4 oz/acre

4.75-7.6 fl oz/acre

1 to 1.6 oz/acre 1 1 Limit of 1.25 pounds product/acre/season. Do not apply more than 38 fl oz Sonoma 20EW/acre/season.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 16 to 24 fl oz/acre 0.13 to 0.31 lb/acre 0 0.5 Do not exceed 72 fluid ounces of product per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


6.2 oz/acre 3.75 to 13.0 fl oz/acre


pyraclostrobin (Cabrio 20% EG)

8 to 16 oz/acre 1.6 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 4 hr Limit of 96 ounces/acre/season. Make no more than one sequential application before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

sulphur (various) See labels See labels 1 1 Follow labels; may cause leaf burn if used under high temperatures.

trifloxystrobin (Gem 500 SC)(Flint 50WDG)

2.0 fl oz/acre3 to 4 oz/acre

-- 3 0.5 Do not apply more than 16 oz product/acre/season. Alternate with a fungicide outside of Group 11. Do not exceed 5 applications/acre/season.

Late blight azoxystrobin (various) See label See label See label See label Limit of 37 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Apply at 5 to 7 day intervals for effective late blight management.



1.6 pt/acre -- 0 4 hr Must alternate with a non-FRAC code 11; use of an adjuvant may cause phytotoxicity.


1.9 to 3.0 pt/acre -- 3 0.5 Check copper labels for specific precautions and limitations for mixing with this product.

cyazofamid(Ranman 400 SC)

2.1 to 2.8 fl oz/ acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 16.5 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Ranman must be tank mixed with an organosilicate surfactant.

cymoxanil (Curzate 60 DF) 3.2 to 5 oz/acre 1.9 to 3.0 oz 3 0.5 Limit of 30 ounces per 12 month period. Use only in combination with a labeled rate of a protectant fungicide. If late blight is present use 5 ounces per acre on a 5 day schedule.

dimethomorph (Acrobat 50 WP)(Forum 4.18 F)

6.4 oz/acre6 oz/acre

3.2 oz/acre2.6 oz/acre

44

0.50.5

Limit of 30 ounces/acre/season. Performance is improved if tanked mix with another fungicide with a different mode of action. Follow label restrictions carefully.

dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Zampro)

14 fl oz/acre -- 4 0.5 Limit of 42 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. The addition of a spreading or penetrating adjuvant is recommended to improve product performance.


5.5 to 8.2 fl oz/acre 0.18 to 0.27 fl oz/ acre

14 4 hr Limit of 24.6 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

fluopicolide (Presidio 4F) 3 to 4 fl oz/acre 0.09 to 0.13 lb/acre 2 0.5 Limit of 12 fluid ounces/acre/season or four applications. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Use only in combination with a labeled rate of another fungicide product with a different mode of action.

580

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL





Late Blight (continued) fluoxastrobin(Aftershock or Evito 480 SC)

5.7 fl oz/acre 0.18 lb/acre 3 0.5 DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 22.8 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 24 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.


mancozeb + copper hydroxide(ManKocide) 61 DF

1 to 3 lb/acre -- 5 1 Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. Do not mix with other fungicide products.


1.5 to 2 lb/acre 1.1 to 1.5 lb/acre 5 2 Limit of 8 pounds/acre/season West of the Mississippi River. Limit of 16 pounds/acre/season East of the Mississippi River.

mandipropamid + difenoconazole(Revus Top)

5.5 to 7 oz/acre -- 1 0.5 Limit of 28 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not apply more than two consecutive applications before alternating with a fungicide that have a different mode of action.

mefenoxam + chlorothalonil (Ridomil Gold Bravo)

2.5 to 3 lb/acre -- 14 2 Do not make more than 3 applications of Ridomil Gold/Bravo or Ridomil Gold MZ per crop. Tank mix Bravo MZ58 with 0.45 lb mancozeb 80W.


2.5 lb/acre -- 5 2 Do not make more than 3 applications of Ridomil Gold/Bravo or Ridomil Gold MZ per crop. Tank mix Bravo MZ58 with 0.45 pound mancozeb 80W.

mono- and di-potassium salts of phosphorous acid (Alude)

1.5 to 2 qt/acre -- 3 4 hr

oxathiapiprolin + chlorothalonil (Orondis Opti A + Orondis B)

2.0 to 4.8 fl oz/acre (A)

2.0 pt/acre (B)


1.1 pt/acre (B)

0 4 hr Do not make more than 2 sequential applications without switching to a different mode of action and no more than 6 total applications per season. Do not mix soil applications and foliar applications. Apply no more than 20 pt of Orondis Opti B per season.

oxathiapiprolin + mandipropamid (Orondis Ultra A + Orondis Ultra B)


8.0 fl oz/acre (B)


1.9 fl oz/acre (B)

0 4 hr Do not make more than 2 sequential applications without switching to a different mode of action and no more than 6 total applications per season. Do not mix soil applications and foliar applications. Apply no more than 32 fl oz of Orondis Ultra B per season.


6.2 oz/acre 3.75 to 13.0 fl oz/acre


propamocarb(Previcur Flex) 0.7 to 1.5 pt/acre 0.47 to 1 pt/acre 5 0.5

Limit of 7.5 pints/acre/season. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 8 to 16 oz/acre -- 0 0.5 No more than 2 applications allowed before switching to a different mode of action. Do not exceed 96 oz/acre/season.


4 oz/acre 2 oz/acre 3 0.5 Limit of 16 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than one application before alternating with a protectant fungicide. NOTE: Apply Flint with 75% of the labeled rate of a protectant fungicide.

zoxamide + chlorothalonil (Zing)

36 fl oz -- 5 0.5 Do not use more than 2 sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not tank mix with another fungicide if the target pest is only late blight. Tank mix only if a partner is required to control other diseases.

Leaf mold (Fulvia fulva = Passlora fulva)

azoxystrobin + difenoconzole (Quadris Top)

8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Do not apply until 21 days after transplanting or 35 days after seeding. Limit of 47 fluid ounces/acre/season. Make no more than two consecutive applications before rotating to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Do not use on tomato varieties that bear mature fruit less than 2 inches in diameter.



581

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L






16 to 20 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 Limit of 80 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Leaf mold (Fulvia fulva = Passlora fulva)(continued)


8 oz/acre -- 3 0.5 Limit of 72 fluid ounces/acre/season (12 month cycle). Do not make more than one application before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. NOTE: Must be tanked mixed with a contact fungicide that has a different mode of action.




mancozeb + copper hydroxide(ManKocide)

1 to 3 lb/acre -- 5 1 Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. Do not mix with other fungicide products.


1.5 to 2 lb/acre -- 5 2 Limit of 8 pounds/acre/season West of the Mississippi River. Limit of 16 pounds/acre/season East of the Mississippi River.


6.2 oz/acre 3.75 to 13.0 fl oz


Sour rot (Geotrichum candidum)

propiconazole (Mentor) See label See label 0 0 Use Mentor as a post-harvest dip, drench or high volume spray to control certain post-harvest rots. See label for details.

Southern blight difenoconazole + benzovindiflupyr (Aprovia Top)

10.5 to 13.5 fl oz/acre 10.5 to 13.5 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not make more than 2 applications before switching to a non-Group 7 fungicide. See label for application intervals and limits per season.


2.0 to 5.7 fl oz/acre 0.06 to 0.18 lb/acre 3 0.5 Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, on 7- to 10-day intervals. Do not apply more than once before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Do not apply more than 22.8 fluid ounces/acre/season.


4 to 8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 24 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

PCNB(Blocker 4F)(transplanting)

4.5 to 7.5 pt/100 gal; use 0.5 pt of solution

per plant.

1.8 to 3 pt/100 gal NA 0.5 Transplanting: Apply at the time of transplanting for Southern blight suppression. The solution should be agitated often to maintain a uniform mixture to assure proper dosage. Limit of 7.5 pounds a.i./acre/season.

PCNB(Blocker 4F)(in furrow)

1.2 to 1.9 gal; apply 10.6 to 16.7 fl oz

product per 1000 ft of row

4.2 to 6.7 fl oz per 1000 ft of row

NA 0.5 In furrow: Apply in 8 to 10 gallons of water per acre based on 36-inch row spacing. Apply as in-furrow sprays to the open “V” trench just prior to planting. When cultivating, set plows as flat as possible to avoid getting non-treated soil against stems or plants. Limit of 7.5 pounds a.i./acre/season.

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 1 to 1.6 fl oz/1000 row ft

0.2 to 0.3 fl oz/1000 row ft

NA 0.5 Apply as a soil drench to seedling tray or at the time of transplant.

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 4 hr DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 96 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

Timber rot , white mold or Sclerotinia stem rot


4 to 8 fl oz/acre -- 0 0.5 DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 24 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

pyraclostrobin(Cabrio 20% EG)

12 to 16 oz/acre 2.4 to 3.2 oz/acre 0 4 hr DISEASE SUPPRESSION ONLY. Limit of 96 fluid ounces/acre/season. Do not make more than two applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

582

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-54. Importance of Alternative Management Practices for Disease Control in Tomato


Strategy Bac

teria

l ca

nker

*

Bac

teria

l sp

eck

Bac

teria

l spo

t

Bot

rytis

Buc

keye

rot

Early

blig

ht

Late

blig

ht

Leaf

Mol

d (g

reen

hous

e or

ope

n fie

ld)

Pow

dery

m

ildew

Sept

oria

leaf

sp

ot

Targ

et S

pot

(gre

enho

use

or o

pen

field

)

Tom

ato

spot

ted

wilt

vi

rus*

*

Use of resistant cultivars NR P F NR NR F F P F NR P G

Use of disease free seed or transplants G G G NC NC NC NC F NC P F NA

Use of seed treatments G G G NC NC P P F NA P ND NA

Use of sanitation practices at the transplant stage G G G G NC NC NC F NC NC F NC

Crop rotation (3-4 years) F P P NC F F NC F NC P P NC

Control of solanaceous weeds F NC NC F F F F F F F F F

Fertility NC NC NC F NC F NC ND NC NC ND NC

Use of cover crops NC NC NC NC F P NC ND NC NC ND NC

Destroy crop residue F NC NC NC NC P NC F NC F F ND

Rogue plants F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Promote air movement F F F F P P F F P F F NA

Use of plastic or reflective mulches NC NC NC NC F F NC NC NC F NC G

Do not handle plants when wet G G G NC NC P P F NC P F NC

Use of drip irrigation (avoiding overhead irrigation) F F F F P F F F NC F F NC

Use of biological control or biorational products P P F P NC P P P P NC P NC

Use of foliar fungicides/bactericides F P F F F G G F G G F NA

Use of insecticides NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F

Soil fumigation NC NC NC NC F P NC NC NC NC NC NC

583

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-55. Efficacy of Products for Disease Control in TomatoScale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Product1Fungicide

GroupF

Preharvest Interval (Days) B

acte

rial C

anke

r (fo

liar)

Bac

teria

l Spe

ck

Bac

teria

l Spo

t

Bot

rytis

G

raym

old

Buc

keye

Rot

Early

Blig

ht

Late

Blig

ht

Leaf

mol

d (F

ulvi

a fu

lva)

Pow

dery

Mild

ew

Sept

oria

Lea

f Sp

ot

Targ

et S

pot

azoxystrobin2 (Quadris) 11 1 NC NC NC NC ND ER F G E G FR

famoxadone + cymoxanil (Tanos) 11 + 27 3 NC NC NC NC P F F F ND F FR

bacteriophage3 (AgriPhage) NA 0 NC P P NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

acibenzolar-S-methyl9 (Actigard) 21 14 ND F F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F

boscalid (Endura) 7 0 NC NC NC F NC G NC ND ND ND F

chlorothalonil (various) M 0 NC NC NC F P F G G P G F

chlorothalonil + cymoxanil (Ariston) M + 27 3 NC NC NC F P F G F P F F

cyazofamid (Ranman) 21 0 NC NC NC NC NC F F NC NC NC NC

cymoxanil (Curzate) 27 3 NC NC NC NC ND NC F ND NC ND NC

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch) 9 + 12 0 NC NC NC F NC F NC NC F NC NC

dimethomorph (Acrobat, Forum) 40 4 NC NC NC NC F NC F NC NC NC NC

difenoconazole + cyprodinil (Inspire Super) 3 + 9 0 NC NC NC NC NC F NC F G F F

dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Zampro) 40 + 45 4 NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC NC NC NC

fenamidone (Reason) 11 14 NC NC NC NC F F F P ND P FR

fixed copper (various) M 0 F FR FR NC P F F F P F NC

fluopicolide (Presidio) 43 2 NC NC NC NC P NC G NC NC NC NC

fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (Priaxor) 11 + 7 0 NC NC NC F NC G NC ND ND ND F

mancozeb (various) M 5 NC NC NC NC P F F F NC F F

mancozeb + fixed copper (ManKocide) M + M 5 F F F NC P F F F P F P

mancozeb + zoxamide (Gavel) M + 22 3 NC NC NC NC P F F F NC F NC

mandipropamid + difenoconazole (Revus Top) 40 + 3 1 NC NC NC NC P F G ND NC ND G

mefenoxam8 + chlorothalonil (Ridomil Gold Bravo, Flouronil) 4 + M 14 NC NC NC P E P E F NC F F

mefenoxam + copper (Ridomil Gold/Copper) 4 + M 14 F F F NC E F ER F P F NC

mefenoxam + mancozeb (Ridomil Gold MZ ) 4 + M 5 NC NC NC NC E F GR F NC F P

myclobutanil (Rally) 3 1 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC G NC ND

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 7 0 NC NC NC F NC G NC ND ND ND F

polyoxin D zinc salt (Ph-D; Oso 5% SC) 19 0 ND ND ND F ND F ND ND F ND F

propamocarb (Previcur Flex) 28 5 NC NC NC NC P NC F NC NC NC NC

pyraclostrobin (Cabrio) 11 0 NC NC NC NC P ER F G E G FR

pyrimethanil (Scala) 9 1 NC NC NC F NC F NC ND ND ND F

streptomycin4 (Agri-Mycin, Streptrol) 25 0 F F F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

sulfur (various)5 M 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC

zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate10(Ziram) M 7 NC NC NC NC NC F ND F ND F ND

1 Efficacy ratings do not necessarily indicate a labeled use for every disease.2 Contact control only; not systemic.3 Biological control product consisting of a virus that attacks pathogenic bacteria.4 Streptomycin may only be used on transplants; not registered for field use.5 Sulfur may be phytotoxic; follow label carefully.7 Curative activity; not systemic.8 Curative activity; systemic. 9 Systemic activated resistance. 10 Do not use on cherry tomatoes.F To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally


584

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-56. Example Spray Program for Foliar Disease Control in Fresh Market Tomato ProductionWeek Chemical Number of Applications of Chemical Per Season

Before Harvest (weeks 1 to 8)1 Mancozeb1 + copper + Actigard1 mancozeb, 1; Actigard, 1

2 mancozeb1 + copper mancozeb, 23 mancozeb1 + Inspire Super (OR strobilurin1,3) + Actigard mancozeb, 3; Inspire Super OR strobilurin, 1; Actigard, 2

4 mancozeb1+ copper mancozeb, 45 mancozeb + Fontelis OR Endura low rate2 + Actigard mancozeb, 5; Fontelis OR Endura 1; Actigard, 3

6 mancozeb1 + copper mancozeb, 67** mancozeb1 + Inspire Super (OR strobilurin1,3) + Actigard mancozeb, 7; Inspire Super OR strobilurin, 2; Actigard, 4

8** mancozeb1 + copper mancozeb, 8

During Harvest (weeks 9 to 15) (Note: For fields in with low or no danger of Late Blight, Revus Top, Ranman and Presidio may not be essential tools; the protectant, chlorothalonil may suffice. Contact your local Extension office to learn if Late Blight is present in your region).

9 Fontelis OR Endura low or high rate + chlorothalonil chlorothalonil, 1; Fontelis OR Endura, 210 Revus Top1 OR Presidio OR Ranman OR Orondis Ultra Revus Top OR Presidio OR Ranman OR Orondis Ultra 111 chlorothalonil + Inspire Super OR strobilurin1,3 chlorothalonil, 2; strobilurin, 3;12 Revus Top1 OR Presidio OR Ranman OR Orondis Ultra Revus Top OR Presidio OR Ranman OR Orondis Ultra 213 Fontelis OR Endura low or high rate + chlorothalonil chlorothalonil, 3; Fontelis OR Endura, 314 Presidio OR Ranman OR Orondis Ultra Revus Top OR Presidio OR Ranman OR Orondis Ultra 315 Finish season with chlorothalonil chlorothalonil, 4

Refer to the label for rates to use in volume-based spraying.1 Total number of applications per season restricted by the label.2 Use high rate of Fontelis OR Endura if conditions are cool and wet right before or during harvest when there is risk of gray mold.3 Use Inspire Super (FRAC 3+9) in regions were early blight cannot be controlled with QoI fungicides due to fungicide-resistant pathogen population. DO

NOT use Inspire Super in Week 11 IF the higher rates of Inspire Super AND Revus Top have been used to avoid exceeding the maximum season limit.

** For late season plantings: If late blight is in the area, consider chlorothalonil for late blight control beginning Week 7 or 8.

Turnip Greens – see Greens and Leafy BrassicasTurnip Roots – see Root VegetablesFor Watermelons – see Cucurbits

585

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Nematode Control in Vegetable Crops

Crop losses due to nematodes can be avoided or reduced by using the following management tactics. • Practice crop rotation. • Plow out and expose roots immediately after the last harvest. • Plow or disk the field two to four times before planting. • Use nematode-free planting material. • Sample soil and have it assayed for nematodes, preferably in the fall. There is

a fee for each sample. Ship sample via DHL, FedEx, or UPS to: North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

• Where warranted, fumigate or use other nematicides according to guidelines listed on the label. (Soil should be warm, well worked, and free from undecomposed plant debris and have adequate moisture for seed germination.)

• For in-row application, insert chisel 6 to 8 inches deep and throw a high, wide bed up over it; do not rework rows after fumigating.

• For broadcast treatments, insert chisels 6 to 8 inches deep, and space chisels 12 inches apart for most fumigants; use 5-inch spacing for Vapam.

Row rates in this section are stated for rows on 40-inch spacing. For other row spacings, multiply the stated acre rate by the appropriate conversion factor to determine the amount of material applied per acre (Do not alter stated amount per 100-foot row). This will be a guide to the amount of material to purchase for the acreage you want to treat.For example, if 10 gallons per acre are used on 40-inch rows, for 36-inch rows, it will take 11.1 gallons to treat an acre.CAUTION: Read labels carefully. Some products have restrictive crop rotations.

Your Row Spacing (inches) Conversion Factor

24 1.6726 1.5428 1.4330 1.3332 1.2534 1.1836 1.1138 1.0540 1.0042 0.95244 0.90946 0.87048 0.8335 ft 0.6676 ft 0.5567 ft 0.476

8 ft 0.417

Relative Efficacy of Currently Registered Fumigants or Fumigant Combinations for Managing Soilborne Nematodes, Diseases, and Weeds

Table 57A. Relative Efficacy of Currently Registered Fumigants or Fumigant Combinations for Managing Soilborne Nematodes, Diseases, and Weeds1

Rate per Treated Acre2

Product Volume (gal) Weight (lb) Nematodes Disease Nutsedge Weeds: AnnualTelone II (1,3-D) 15-27 153-275 +++++ + - -Telone EC3 9-244 91-2424 +++++ + - -Telone C17 (1,3-D + chloropicrin) 32.4-42 343-445 +++++ +++ + +Telone C35 (1,3-D + chloropicrin) 39–50 437-560 +++++ +++++ + ++InLine (1,3-D + chloropicrin)3 29–57.6 (See Label) 325-645 (See Label) +++++ +++++ + +++Pic-Clor 60 (chloropicrin + 1,3-D) 48.6 588 +++++ +++++ + +++Pic-Clor 60 EC3 42.6 503 +++++ +++++ + +++Metam potassium5 30-62 318-657 ++ +++ + ++++Metam sodium5 (MS) 37.5-75 379-758 ++ +++ + ++++Chloropicrin + MS5 19.5–31.5 + 37.5-75 275-444 + 379-758 ++ +++++ ++ ++++Chloropicrin 48.6 150-350 + +++++ — —Tri-Pic 100EC3 8-24 100-300 + +++++ — —Paladin (dimethyl disulphide)6 35.0–51.3 310-455 ++++ ++++ ++++ +++5

Paladin EC3,6 37.0-54.2 326-479 ++++ ++++ ++++ +++5

Dominus (allyl isothiocyanate)7 25-404 212-3404 ++ +++ + +++

1 Fumigants with lower efficacy against weeds may require a complementary herbicide or hand-weeding program, although use of virtually impermeable film (VIF) or totally impermeable film (TIF) may increase weed control, particularly with Telone C35 or Paladin. Refer to the Herbicide Recommendation section of this guide for directions pertaining to herbicide applications. Telone can persist more than 21 days under cool or wet soil conditions.

2 Rates can sometimes be reduced if products are applied with VIF or TIF. 3 Product is formulated for application through drip lines under a plastic mulch; efficacy is dependent on good distribution of the product in the bed profile.4 Labelled rates are per broadcast-equivalent acre, NOT per treated acre. 5 Metam potassium can be Metam KLR, K-Pam, Sectagon K54 or other registered formulations, and should be used in soils with high sodium content.

Metam sodium can be Vapam, Sectagon 42, Metam CLR or other registered formulations.6 Paladin should be applied with 21% chloropicrin and VIF or TIF to enhance disease control, and has low efficacy on certain small seeded broadleaf weeds

and grasses. Paladin may not be registered in all States.7 Dominus is registered but there is limited experience with the product through University or independent trials in our region; growers may want to consider

this on an experimental basis. Planting interval is 10 days. The active ingredient allyl isothiocyanate is similar to the active ingredient in metam sodium products (methyl isothiocyanate) and is likely to behave in a similar manner with a similar pest control profile.

586

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Management of Soilborne Nematodes with Non-Fumigant NematicidesNematodes are best managed through an integrated program (IPM). Key management options may include securing advisory/predictive soil samples, crop rotation, fallow periods, host resistance, soil amendments, flooding, soil solarization, suppressive cover crops and other options. For more details see https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/cv112.

Table 10-57B. Management of Soilborne Nematodes with Non-Fumigant Nematicides

Commodity MaterialApplication Method for

Given SoilsFormulated Rate

per Acre

Formulated Rate Per 100 Sq Ft Or

100 Ft Row Schedule and RemarksMost vegetables Ditera DF Biological

nematicideBanded or low pressure drip

irrigationSee label See label See label.

Bean (snap and lima) ethoprop (Mocap) various formulations

Broadcast or banded See label See label Incorporate 2 to 4 inches deep. See label.

Cabbage ethoprop (Mocap) various formulations

Broadcast or banded See label See label Restricted use pesticide. Incorporate 2 to 4 inches deep.

Carrot oxamyl (Vydate) L Preplant broadcast 2 gal in 20 gal 1 gal in 20 gal Apply (in furrow) within 1 wk of planting, and thoroughly incorporate into soil 4 to 6 inches deep. May be applied via chemigation or In-Furrow – see label. 14 days to harvest restriction.

At planting seed furrow 1 to 2 gal in 20 gal

0.3 to 0.6 fl oz in5.9 fl oz

Cucumber ethoprop (Mocap) various formulations

Banded only See label See label Incorporate 2 to 4 inches deep. See label.

Cucurbits (cucumber, squash, cantaloupe, watermelon, honeydew, pumpkin)

oxamyl (Vydate) L Preplant broadcast 1 to 2 gal — Incorporate 2 to 4 inches into soil.

Foliar 2 - 4 pt — Apply by air or ground with the first spray 2-4 weeks after planting; apply second spray 2-3 weeks after first spray.

Drip chemigation or Soil injection

2 to 4 pt 0.07 to 0.15 fl oz Treatments should be initiated at the time of seedling emergence or transplanting, or within 14 days of seedling emergence or transplanting. Sequential applications should be made on 14 to 21 day intervals. Do not treat within one day of harvest.

Cucurbits (Group 9) including Cucumber, squash, honeydew, watermelon, and many others (see label).

Fruiting vegetables (Group 8) including tomato, pepper and eggplant and many others (see label).

Fluensulfone (Nimitz)

NOTE: Nimitz received federal registration Sept 2014 – check registration status in your State.

3.5 to 5 pints/ treatedacre

(56 to 80 fl. oz./treatedacre)

— —Applications must be broadcast incorporated, banded and incorporated, or by drip irrigation. Apply at a minimum of 7 days beforetransplanting. Do not apply more than one application per crop, and no more than 112 fl oz of product per acre, per year (365 days).

Cucurbits (Group 9) see label for list

Fruiting vegetables (Group 8) see label for list

heat-killed Burkholderia spp. strain A396

4 – 8 qt — — Majestene is a biological nematicide approved for organic vegetable production. It has not been extensively field-tested in the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic states, but research to date suggests useful activity against root-knot, lesion, sting, stunt, ring, and reniform nematodes. Can be applied as a pre-plant incorporated, in-furrow or banded spray as long as spray volume is sufficient to thoroughly soak the root zone. However, Majestene can also be drip-applied prior to planting, at planting or shortly thereafter, and again later in the season. Higher rates are likely more effective, and repeated applications also increase the extent and duration of nematode control. If nematode populations are high, another product may also be necessary for control.

Eggplant(Also see fruiting vegetables above)

fenamiphos (Nemacur) Banded 5.9 fl oz/1000 ft On narrow rows do not let bands overlap. See label.

oxamyl (Vydate) L Banded on soil — 1 gal See label.

Foliar 4 pt — Apply twice by ground equipment at 1 to 2 week intervals 2 to 4 weeks after the second soil treatment.


2 to 4 pt 0.07 to .15 fl oz Treatments should be initiated either at the time of transplanting, or within 14 days of transplanting. Sequential applications should be made on 10 to 14 day intervals. Do not treat within 7 days of harvest.

Pepper (bell & non-bell)(Also see fruiting vegetables above)

oxamyl (Vydate) L Transplant water 2 pt in 200 gal —

Foliar 2 to 4 pt — Apply 14 days after transplant repeat 1 to 2 week intervals. Do not treat within 7 days of harvest.


2 to 4 pt in — Treatments should be initiated either at the time of transplanting, or within 14 days of transplanting. Sequential applications should be made on 10 to 14 day intervals. Do not treat within 7 days of harvest.

587

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-57B. Management of Soilborne Nematodes with Non-Fumigant Nematicides

Commodity MaterialApplication Method for

Given SoilsFormulated Rate

per Acre

Formulated Rate Per 100 Sq Ft Or

100 Ft Row Schedule and RemarksPotato ethoprop (Mocap) various

formulationsBroadcast or banded See label See label Incorporate 2 to 4 in. deep. See label.

oxamyl (Vydate) L Furrow 1 to 2 gal in 20 gal

— Apply to seed furrow at planting; begin foliar sprays when early season control has diminished.Foliar 2 to 4 pt

Sweetpotato aldicarb (Temik) 15 G 40-in. rows 10 to 20 lb 0.4 to 0.7 oz Apply in a 12- to 15-inch band and incorporate 4 to 8 in. deep, plant. Do not harvest within 120 days of treatment. Do not use vines. NOTE: For use ONLY in LA or MS.

ethoprop (Mocap) various formulations

Banded only See label See label Incorporate 2 to 4 inches deep. See label.

oxamyl (Vydate) L Preplant broadcast 2 to 3 gal in 20 gal

— Thoroughly incorporate into soil 4 to 6 in. deep and plant.

Transplant water 1 to 2 gal in 200 gal

Sweet corn ethoprop (Mocap) various formulations

Broadcast or banded See label See label Incorporate 2 to 4 in. deep. See label.

Sweet corn, Popcorn terbufos (Counter) various formulations (see label)

Row, 30-in. min. See label See label Apply in furrow

Tomato oxamyl (Vydate) L Foliar 2 to 4 pt — Spray when plants are established. Repeat 1- to 2-week intervals.

Drip irrigation 2 to 8 pt — Apply at first irrigation to field. Repeat every 1 to 2 weeks while plants are small. As plants enlarge, increase dosage progressively to 8 pints.

Greenhouse Disease ControlR. A. Melanson, Extension Plant Pathologist, Mississippi State University; F. Louws, Plant Pathologist, NC State University;

M. L. Lewis Ivey, Plant Pathologist, The Ohio State University; A. Keinath, Plant Pathologist, Clemson UniversityNote: Follow manufacturer’s directions on label in all cases.Caution: At the time this table was prepared, the entries were believed to be useful and accurate. However, labels change rapidly and errors are possible, so the user must follow all directions on the pesticide container. See product labels for application limits per crop/season.Information in the following table must be used in the context of a total disease control program. For example, many diseases are controlled by the use of resistant varieties, crop rotation, sanitation, seed treatment, and cultural practices. Always use top-quality seed or plants obtained from reliable sources. Seeds are ordinarily treated by the seed producer for the control of seed decay and damping-off.Most foliar diseases can be reduced or controlled by maintaining relative humidity under 90 percent, by keeping the air circulating in the house with a large overhead polytube, and by avoiding water on the leaves.Caution: The risk of pesticide exposure in the greenhouse is high. Use protective clothing laundered daily or after each exposure. Ventilate during application and use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

Table 10-58A. Greenhouse Disease Control for Various Vegetable Crops

Disease/Location Product1FRAC Group Rate of Formulation

Minimum Days

Schedule and RemarksHarvest Reentry

Greenhouse

Sanitation Solarization 140 degrees F, 4 to 8 hours for 7 days

— — Close greenhouse during hottest and sunniest part of summer for at least 1 week. Greenhouse must reach at least 140 degrees F each day. Remove debris and heat sensitive materials and keep greenhouse and contents moist. Will not control pests 0.5 inches or deeper in soil. Not effective against TMV.

Added heat 180 degrees F for 30 minutes

— — Remove all debris and heat-sensitive materials. Keep house and contents warm.

Basil

Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria spp.) Botrytis leaf blight (Botrytis spp.), Fusarium blight (Fusarium spp.)

cyprodinil + fludioxonil(Switch 62.5WG)

9 + 12 11 to 14 oz/acre 7 0.5 After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications. See label for application limits.

588

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Minimum Days


Basil (continued)

Downy mildew (Peronospora belbahrii)

cyazofamid(Ranman, Ranman SC400)

21 2.75 to 3.0 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not exceed 27 fl oz per acre per growing season. See label for surfactant recommendations. Alternate applications with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Do not make more than three consecutive applications before switching to products that have a different mode of action for three applications before returning to Ranman/Ranman 400SC.

mandipropamid(Micora, Revus)

40 8.0 fl oz/acre 1 4 hr Micora: For basil grown for transplants and retail sale to consumers only. Revus: Do not exceed 32 fluid ounces of product per acre per season. See label for additional limits when producing multiple croppings per year.

Downy mildew, Fusarium wilt, Pythium and Rhizoctonia root rots

phosphorous acid(various)

33 See label See label See label See label for restrictions.

potassium phosphite(various)

33 See label See label See label See label for restrictions.

Cucurbits

Alternaria leaf blight and spot (Alternaria cucumerina and A. alternata), anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare), Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora citrullina), downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis), gummy stem blight (Didymella bryoniae), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Erysiphe cichoracearum), Septoria leaf spot (Septoria cucurbitacearum)


11 + 9 12 to 14 fl oz/acre 1 0.5 Do not make more than one application of a QoI-containing fungicide before switching to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not exceed 56 fl oz of product per acre per season. See product label for other diseases labeled.

Angular leaf spot, downy mildew copper, fixed (various)

M1 See label See label See label Some products are OMRI-listed. See product label for complete application instructions, specific crop and disease labels, and greenhouse usage.

Powdery mildew cyflufenamid(Torino)

U6 3.4 oz/acre 0 4 hours Do not make more than two applications per year.

Downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis)

cymoxanil (Curzate 60DF)

27 3,2 to 5.0 oz/acre 3 12 hr Always apply in a tank mix with the labeled rate of a protectant fungicide. Do not exceed 30 ounces of product per 12-month period.

Alternaria leaf blight and spot (A. cucumerina and A. alternata), gummy stem blight (Didymella), powdery mildew (S. fuliginea, E. cichoracearum)


9 + 12 11 to 14 oz/acre 1 0.5 After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications. See label for application limits.

Alternaria leaf blight and spot (A. cucumerina and A. alternata), anthracnose (C. orbiculare), Cercospora leaf spot (C. citrullina), gummy stem blight (Didymella), powdery mildew (S. fuliginea, E. cichoracearum), Septoria leaf blight (S. cucurbitacearum)


3 + 9 16 to 20 fl oz/acre 7 0.5 Do not apply more than 80 fluid ounces of product per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Alternaria leaf blight (A. cucumerina), anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), downy mildew (P. cubensis)Suppression:Bacterial fruit blotch (Acidovoraz avenae subsp. citrulli), Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici)


11 + 27 8 oz/acre

8 to 10 oz/acre (for diseases listed under suppression)

3 0.5 Do not exceed 32 oz/acre of product per crop cycle or 72 oz/acre per 12 month period. Do not make more than one application of product before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action. See label for tank mixing instructions.

For suppression of foliar and fruit phases ONLY of Phytophthora blight.

Botrytis gray mold fenhexamid(Decree 50 WDG)

17 1.5 lbs/acre (stand-alone)

1.0 to 1.5 lbs/acre (tank-mix)

0 0.5 Labeled for cucumbers ONLY. For use in transplant production and greenhouse production. Do not make more than two consecutive applications. See labels for additional tank-mixing instructions. Do not exceed 6.0 lbs product per acre (transplants) or per acre per season (greenhouse production).

Alternaria leaf spot, anthracnose, Cercospora leaf spot, downy mildew, gummy stem blight, scab

mancozeb (various)

M3 See label See label See label See product labels for complete application instructions, specific crop and disease labels, and greenhouse usage.

Alternaria leaf spot, Cercospora leaf spot, downy mildew, Phytophthora rot (Phytopthora capsici)

mancozeb + zoxamide (Gavel 75SF)

M3 + 22 1.4 to 2.0 lb/acre 5 2 Do not exceed 16 lb per acre per season.

589

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Minimum Days


Cucurbits (continued)

Suppression:Downy mildew (P. cubensis), Phytophthora blight (P. capsici)

mandipropamid(Revus)

40 8.0 fl oz/acre(Revus)

0 4 hr Do not exceed 32 fl oz of product per acre per season. See label for application instructions specific to each disease.

Alternaria leaf spot and blight, Botrytis gray mold, gummy stem blight (Didymella), powdery mildew, Sclerotinia stem rot


7 0.375 to 0.5 fl oz/ gal to treat 1,360 sq ft

1 0.5 Do not exceed 67 fluid ounces of product per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. See label for cucurbit restrictions.

Botrytis gray mold, Corynespora leaf spot (Corynespora cassicola), early blight (Alternaria sp.), gummy stem blight (Didymella), powdery mildew (Spthaerotheca sp.), scab (Cladosporium sp.)

polyoxin D zinc salt (Affirm WDG, OSO 5%SC; Ph-D)

19 6.2 oz/acre (Affirm)

3.75 to 13.0 fl oz/acre (OSO)

6.2 oz/acre (Ph-D)

0 4 hr Check products labels for maximum limits of product per season. Alternate with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Check product labels for other tomato diseases also on the label.

Alternaira leaf spot, anthracnose, Botrytis, Cercospora leaf spot, powdery mildew

potassium bicarbonate (Milstop)

NC 1.25 to 5.0 lbs/100 gal 0 1 hr OMRI-listed. Do not exceed 0.5 lbs of product per 4,350 sq ft or 1.15 lbs product per 10,000 sq ft per application. Do not store unused spray solution. See label for additional diseases labeled.

Alternaria leaf spot, anthracnose, Cercospora leaf spot, downy mildew, gummy stem blight (GSB), scab, target spot

potassium phosphite + chlorothalonil(Catamaran)

33 + M5 4 pt/acre (anthracnose, downy mildew, target

spot)

6 pt/acre(Alternaria and

Cercospora leaf spot, GSB, scab)

1 0.5 Do not exceed 50 pt per acre per season. Phytotoxicity potential. Do not combine with other pesticides, serfactants or fertilizers. Do not apply on the day of harvest.

Damping off and root rots (Phytophthora spp, Pythium spp.)

promocarb hydrochloride(Previcur Flex)

28 See label 2 0.5 Product applied through a drip system or as a soil drench. Do not apply more than four applications of product after transplanting per crop cycle. Do not mix with other products. Phytotoxicity may occur if applied to dry growing media.

Powdery mildew sulfur(various)

M2 See label See label See label Some products are OMRI-listed. See product labels for complete application instructions, specific crop and disease labels, and greenhouse usage. Not all products are registered for use in all states.

Powdery mildew triflumizole (Procure 480SC, Terraguard SC)

3 4 to 8 fl oz/acre(Procure)

2 to 4 fl oz/100 gal(Terraguard)

1 0.5 Procure: Do not exceed 40 fl oz of product per acre per season. Label specifies the following powdery mildew species: Erysiphe cichoracearum, Podosphaera xanthii). Terraguard SC: For use only as a foliar spray. For use in commercial greenhouse production only. Can be used on greenhouse transplants. Do not exceed 40 fl oz of product per acre per cropping system. See label for additional application instructions. Procure 480SC and Terraguard SC not registered for use in all states.

Lettuce

Downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) cymoxanil (Curzate 60DF)

27 3,2 to 5.0 oz/acre (head lettuce)

5.0 oz/acre(leafy lettuce)

3(head)

1(leafy)

12 hr For use on head and leaf lettuce. Use with the labeled rate of a protectant fungicide. Do not exceed 30 oz of product per 12-month period.

Alternaria leaf spot, Botrytis gray mold, Sclerotinia rot, basal rot (Phoma), Septoria leaf spot

Suppression: Powdery mildew


9 + 12 11 to 14 oz/acre 0 0.5 For use on head and leaf lettuce. After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications. See label for application limits.

Botrytis gray mold rot, drop rot, Sclerotinia minor, watery soft rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)

dicloran (Botran 5F)

14 0.6 qt/acre (at planting)

0.6 to 1.8 qt/acre(prethinning)

1.8 to 3.2 qt/acre (post-thinning [direct seeded] and established

transplants)

14 0.5 For use on head and leaf lettuce. See label for detailed instructions. Do not exceed 3.2 qt of product per acre per year or within 14 days of harvest. Not registered for use in SC, TN, or VA.

Downy mildew (B. lactucae), white rust (Albugo occidentalis)


11 + 27 8 to 10 oz/acre 1 0.5 For use on head and leaf lettuce. Do not exceed 48 oz/acre of product per crop season. Do not make more than one application of product before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action. See label for tank mixing instructions.




3 0.5 For use in transplant production and greenhouse production. Do not make more than two consecutive applications. See label for additional tank-mixing instructions. Do not exceed 3.0 lbs product per acre (transplants) or per acre per crop (greenhouse production).

Anthracnose, downy mildew mancozeb (various)


590

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Minimum Days


Lettuce (continued)

Downy mildew mandipropamid(Micora, Revus)

40 5.5 to 8.0 fl oz/acre (Micora)

8.0 fl oz/acre(Revus)

--

1

4 hr For use on head and leaf lettuce. Micora: For lettuce grown for transplants and retail sale to consumers only. Do not make more than two applications per crop. After making an application of Micora, alternate with a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply in a tank-mix with another downy mildew fungicide with a different mode of action. Revus: Do not exceed 32 fl oz of product per acre per season. Do not make more than 2 applications before switching to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria sonchi), Botrytis gray mold, Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora spp.), powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum), Septoria leaf spot (Septoria spp.)


7 14 to 24 fl oz/acre 3 0.5 For use on head and leaf lettuce. Do not exceed 72 fl oz of product per year. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. See label for additional diseases that may be controlled.

Alternaira leaf spot, anthracnose, Botrytis, Cercospora leaf spot, powdery mildew





28 See label 2 0.5 For use on leaf lettuce only. Product applied as a foliar treatment. Do not apply more than two applications of product per crop cycle. Do not mix with other products. Phytotoxicity may occur if applied to dry growing media.

Powdery mildew sulfur (various)


Alternaria leaf spot/black spot (Alternaria spp.), powdery mildew (Erysiphe spp.)

triflumizole (Procure 480SC)

3 6 to 8 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 For use on head and leaf lettuce. Do not exceed 18 fl oz of product per acre per season. Product not registered for use in all states.

Tomato (transplant production)

Damping off (Pythium spp.) cyazofamid(Ranman, Ranman 400SC)

21 3 fl oz/100 gal -- 0.5 For transplant production only. Apply as a soil drench. Do not use a surfactant. One fungicide application can be made to the seedling tray at planting or any time afterwards until one week before transplanting.

Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) mandipropamid(Micora)

40 5.5 to 8.0 fl oz/acre -- 4 hr For tomatoes grown for transplants and retail sale to consumers only. Do not make more than two applications per crop. Do not make more than 2 consecutive applications before switching to a fungicide from a different FRAC group.



28 See label. -- 0.5 For preseeding and/or seedling treatment (before transplanting). Do not mix with other products. See label for specific use directions. Phytotoxicity may occur if applied to dry growing media.

Bacterial canker, speck, and/or spot Streptomycin sulfate (Agri-Mycin 17, Ag Streptomycin, Firewall 17 WP, Firewall 50 WP, Harbour)

25 See labels -- 0.5 For transplant production only. Begin applications at the first true leaf stage. Repeat at 4 to 5 day intervals until transplanting in the field. Check product labels for specific diseases labeled and application rates. Firewall 50 WP has a maximum of 6 applications per year.

Crown and basal rot (Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia spp.), damping off (Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia spp.), downy mildew (Peronospora spp., Plasmopara spp.), spots and blights (Alternaria spp., Cercospora spp., Phoma spp., Septoria spp.), Phytophthora blight, powdery mildew (Leveilula spp. and Oidiopsis spp.), rots and blights (Botrytis)


7 + 11 See label -- 0.5 For use on transplants intended for the home consumer market. Do not use product for transplants that are intended for agricultural production fields. Do not tank mix with adjuvants or other agricultural products. See label for application rates specific to a particular disease and for application limits (growing cycle, consecutive crops, production structure).

Tomato (after transplanting in greenhouse)

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), black mold (Alternaria alternata), early blight (Alternaria solani), gray leaf spot (Stemphylium botryosum), powdery mildew (Leveilula taurica), Septoria leaf spot (Septoria lycopersici), target spot (Corynespora cassiicola)


11 + 9 8 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not use for transplant production. Do not make more than two consecutive applications before switching to a fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not exceed 47 fl oz of product per acre per season. Do not apply until 21 days after transplanting or 35 days after seeding. Do not use with adjuvants or tank mix with any EC product on fresh market tomatoes. Plant injury may occur with the use of adjuvants. See label for specifics.

Botrytis gray mold, powdery mildew Banda de Lupinus albus doce (BLAD) (Fracture)

NG 24.4 to 36.6 fl oz/acre 1 4 hr Do not make more than two sequential applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

591

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L




Minimum Days


Tomato (after transplanting in greenhouse) (continued)

Anthracnose, bacterial speck and spot, early blight, gray leaf mold, late blight, Septoria leaf spot

copper, fixed (various)

M1 See label See label See label Some products are OMRI-listed. See product labels for complete application instructions, specific crop and disease labels, and greenhouse usage.

Late blight (P. infestans), Phytophthora blight (P. capsici)

cyazofamid(Ranman 400SC)

21 2.1 to 2.75 fl oz/acre (late blight)

2.75 fl oz/acre(Phytophthora blight)

0 0.5 Do not exceed 16.5 fl oz per acre per year. See label for surfactant recommendations. Alternate applications with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Do not make more than three consecutive applications before switching to products that have a different mode of action for three applications before returning to Ranman 400SC. See label for application instructions specific to target disease.

Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) cymoxanil (Curzate 60DF)

27 3,2 to 5.0 oz/acre 3 12 hr Use with the labeled rate of a protectant fungicide. Do not exceed 30 oz of product per 12-month period.

Early blight (A.solani), Botrytis gray mold, powdery mildew (L. taurica)


9 + 12 11 to 14 oz/acre 0 0.5 After two applications, alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action for two applications. See label for application limits. Do not apply to small tomatoes such as cherry or grape-type tomatoes in the greenhouse.

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), black mold (A. alternata), Botrytis gray mold, early blight (A. solani), gray leaf spot (S. botryosum), leaf mold (Fulvia fulva), powdery mildew (L. taurica), Septoria leaf spot, target spot (C. cassiicola)


3 + 9 16 to 20 fl oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not apply more than 47 fl oz of product per acre per season. Make no more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action.

Phytophthora and Pythium root rots etridiazole(Terramaster 4EC)

14 6 to 7 fl oz/acre 3 0.5 For application by drip irrigation. Apply as a 0.01% solution (6.5 fl oz/500 gal water) no sooner than 3 weeks after transplanting or a previous application. Do not exceed 27.4 fl oz of product per acre per crop season. Additional indoor restrictions regarding REI are provided on the label. Product has a Section 24c registration for this use on greenhouse tomatoes in FL, KY, MS, OK, TN, TX, and VA. Product is not registered for this use in AL, GA, LA, NC, or SC.

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), early blight (A. solani) late blight (P. infestans), leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum), Septoria leaf spot (S. lycopersici), target spot (C. cassiicola)

Suppression:Bacterial canker, bacterial speck, bacterial spot, buckeye rot (Phytophthora spp.)


11 + 27 6 to 8 oz/acre(early blight)

8 oz/acre(other labeled

diseases)

3 0.5 Do not exceed more than 72 oz/acre per crop cycle or 12 month period. Do not make more than one application of product before alternating with a fungicide that has a different mode of action. See label for tank mixing instructions.




0 0.5 Do not make more than two consecutive applications. See label for additional tank-mixing instructions. Do not exceed 6.0 lbs product per acre per season for greenhouse production.

Anthracnose, bacterial speck and spot, early blight, gray leaf spot, late blight, leaf mold, Septoria leaf spot

mancozeb (various)


Anthracnose, bacterial speck and spot, buckeye rot, early blight, gray leaf spot, late blight, leaf mold, Septoria leaf spot


M3 + 22 1.5 to 2.0 lb/acre 5 2 Do not exceed 8 lb per acre per season (west of the Mississippi River) or 16 lb per acre per season (east of the Mississippi River). For bacterial speck and spot, apply the full rate of product in a tank mix with a full rate of a fixed copper. See label for other application limits. Product has a 2ee registration for anthracnose.

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), black mold (A. alternata), early blight, (A. solani), gray leaf spot (S. botryosum), late blight (P. infestans), leaf mold (F. fulva), powdery mildew (L. taurica), Septoria leaf spot, target spot (C. cassiicola)


3 + 40 5.5 to 7.0 fl oz/acre 1 0.5 Do not make more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Do not exceed 28 fl oz of product per acre per season.

Alternaria blights and leaf spots, black mold (A. alternata), early blight, Botrytis gray mold, powdery mildew (L. taurica), basal stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii), Septoria leaf spot, target spot (C. cassiicola)

Suppression:Anthracnose


7 0.5 to 0.75 fl oz/gal per 1,360 sq ft

0 0.5 Do not exceed 72 fl oz of product per year. Do not make more than two consecutive applications per season before alternating with fungicides that have a different mode of action. See label for specific instructions for basal stem rot.

592

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL




Minimum Days


Tomato (after transplanting in greenhouse) (continued)

Botrytis rot, early blight, powdery mildew (L. taurica, Oidiopsus sipula)

Suppression:Anthracnose

polyoxin D zinc salt (Affirm WDG, OSO 5%SC; Ph-D)

19 6.2 oz/acre (Affirm)

3.75 to 13.0 fl oz/acre (OSO)

6.2 oz/acre (Ph-D)

0 4 hr Check products labels for maximum limits of product per season. Alternate with fungicides that have a different mode of action. Check product labels for other tomato diseases also on the label. OSO 5%SC is not registered for use in AR, KY, MS, or OK.

Alternaira leaf spot, anthracnose, Botrytis, Cercospora leaf spot, powdery mildew, Septoria leaf spot



On foliage: Early blight, gray leaf mold, gray leaf spot, late blight, Septoria leaf spot, target spot

On fruit:Anthracnose, Alternaria fruit rot, Botrytis, late blight rot, Rhizoctonia rot

potassium phosphite + chlorothalonil(Catamaran)

33 + M5 4.5 to 5.5 pt/acre(foliage diseases)

7 pt/acre(fruit diseases)

0 0.5 Do not exceed 50 pt per acre per season. Phytotoxicity potential. Do not combine with other pesticides, surfactants or fertilizers. May be applied on the day of harvest.

Damping off and root rots (Phytophthora spp., Pythium spp.)


28 See label 5 0.5 Product applied through a drip system or as a soil drench. Do not apply more than four applications of product after transplanting per crop cycle. Do not mix with other products. Phytotoxicity may occur if applied to dry growing media.

Botrytis gray mold pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant Intrinsic)

7 + 11 23 oz/acre 0 0.5 Do not tank mix with adjuvants or other agricultural products. Do not exceed 69 oz/acre of product per crop cycle. Do not make more than one application of product before switching to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

Botrytis gray mold, early blight pyrimethanil(Scala SC)

9 7 fl oz/acre 1 0.5 Plant injury may occur in non-ventilated houses; ventilation for at least 2 hours after application of product. Use only in a tank mix with another fungicide for early blight. Do not exceed 35 fl oz/acre per crop.

Powdery mildew sulfur(various)


Powdery mildew triflumizole (Terraguard SC)

3 2 to 4 fl oz/100 gal 1 0.5 For use only as a foliar spray. For use in commercial greenhouse production only. Can be used on greenhouse transplants. Do not exceed 40 fl oz of product per acre per cropping system. See label for additional application instructions. Products not registered for use in all states.

593

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Biorational and Biological Products for Greenhouse Disease Management Table 10-58B. Biorational and Biological Products for Greenhouse Disease Management

Minimum Days

Material DiseaseRate of

FormulationRate of Active

Ingredient Harvest Reentry Schedule and Remarks

Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713(Serenade, CEASE)

Target spot, Early blight, Bacterial spot and speck, Powdery mildew, Botrytis gray mold

3 to 6 qt/acre 0.04 to 0.08 qt/100 gal

0 4 hr OMRI-listed. Begin applications prior to disease development, and repeat at 5 to 10 day intervals depending on the formulation.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D 747

Bacterial spot and speck, gray mold, powdery mildew, early blight, ;ate blight, various soilborne diseases

0.25 to 3 lb/acre 0 4 hr OMRI-listed.


Timber rot or White mold (Sclerotinia)

0.75 to 1.5 oz/1,000 sq ft

applied to growing medium

0.04 to 0.08 oz/1,000 sq ft

0 4 hr OMRI-listed.

Extract ofReynoutria sachalinensis (Regalia)

Botrytis gray mold Suppression of bacterial canker

0.5-1.0% v/vsolution

— 0 4 hr Apply preventatively in 25 to 100 gal per acre. Repeat applications in 7 to 14 day intervals depending on crop growth and disease pressure.

Milk (skim) Viruses2 (ToMV, TMV) 5 lb/100 gal/100 sq yards

minimum 3.5% protein

Until spray dries

0 Spray plants until run-off. NOTE: Sooty mold may develop on treated plants.

Dip hands every 5 minutes while handling plants.

Dip tools for 1 minute. Do not rinse.

Neem oil Leaf mold, Powdery mildew, Botrytis gray mold

1:200 up to 1:100

solution

— 0 Until spray dries

OMRI-listed. Apply to just before runoff. NOTE: Toxic to honeybees.

Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop)

Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora suppression

1 to 2 g/100 sq ft of area enough

to water to cover root zone

0.04 to 0.08 oz/1,000 sq ft

0 4 hr OMRI-listed.

sulfur(various)

Powdery mildew See label See label See label See label See label. Rates vary depending on the formulation. OMRI-listed. Do not apply if temperatures will exceed 90 degrees F for 3 days following application as plant injury may occur.

Trichoderma harzianum (Plant Shield)

Pythium root rot, Botrytis gray mold

See Remarks See Remarks 0 0 Suspend in 100 gallons water. Apply 50 to 100 gallons per 800 square feet area as a drench for Pythium. Use 0.5 to 1 ounces per gallon water for Botrytis as a foliar spray.

1 Other formulations may be available.2 Use in combination with seed treatments and sanitation practices.

594

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Efficacy of Products for Greenhouse Disease ControlF. Louws, Plant Pathologist, NC State University; M. Paret, Plant Pathologist, University of Florida; M. L. Lewis Ivey, Plant

Pathologist, The Ohio State University; A. Keinath, Plant Pathologist, Clemson University; R. A. Melanson, Extension Plant Pathologist, Mississippi State University

Table 10-59. Efficacy of Products for Greenhouse Disease Control

Scale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data

Product1 Fung

icid

e G

roup

F

Preh

arve

st In

terv

al (D

ays)

Ant

hrac

nose

(Col

leto

tric

hum

coc

code

s)

Bac

teria

l Sof

t Rot

(Erw

inia

sp.

)

Bac

teria

l Can

ker (

Cla

viba

cter

m

ichi

gane

nsis

sub

sp. m

ichi

gane

nsis

)

Bot

rytis

Gra

y M

old

(Bot

rytis

cin

erea

)

Early

Blig

ht (A

ltern

aria

sol

ani)

Leaf

Mol

d (P

assa

lora

ulv

a3 )

Pow

dery

Mild

ew (L

evei

llula

taur

ica)

Phyt

opht

hora

Roo

t Rot

(Phy

toph

thor

a sp

.)

Pyth

ium

Roo

t Rot

(Pyt

hium

myr

ioty

lum

)

Rhi

zoct

onia

Roo

t Rot

(Rhi

zoct

onia

sol

ani)

Sept

oria

Lea

f Spo

t (Se

ptor

ia ly

cope

rsic

i)

Targ

et S

pot (

Cor

ynes

pora

cas

sico

la)

Tim

ber R

ot (W

hite

Mol

d)(S

cler

otin

ia s

cler

otio

rum

)

acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard) P 14 NC F F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

bacteriophage (AgriPhage) NC 0 NC P F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody) NC 0 ND ND NC P P ND P NC NC NC ND P ND

BLAD (Fracture) NC 1 ND NC NC F ND ND F NC NC ND ND ND ND

boscalid (Endura) 7 0 ND NC NC F F ND NC NC NC NC ND G F

Coniothyrium minitans (Contans WG) NC 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC P

cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch 62.5WG) 9 + 12 0 G NC NC E F ND G NC NC F F ND ND

difenoconazol + cyprodinil (Inspire Super) 3 + 9 0 G NC NC E G ND G NC NC NC ND G F

etridiazole (Terramaster)2 14 3 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F F ND NC NC NC

famoxadone + cymoxanil (Tanos) 11 + 27 3 F ND P ND F F P NC NC NC F F ND

fenhexamide (Decree 50 WDG) 17 1 NC NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC

fixed copper M1 0 P F F P F P P NC NC NC P P NC

hydrogen dioxide (Oxidate) NC 0 ND ND NC ND ND ND P P P ND ND ND ND

mancozeb (Dithane 75 DF) M3 5 G NC NC F G F ND NC NC NC F F ND

neem oil (Trilogy, Triact 70) NC 0 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

penthiopyrad (Fontelis) 7 0 P NC NC F G G G NC NC NC F G ND

polyoxin D zinc salt (Ph-D; OSO 5% SC) 19 0 F NC NC F F ND F ND ND ND ND F ND

propamocarb hydrochloride (Previcur Flex) 28 5 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F F NC NC NC NC

pyrimethanil (Scala) 9 1 NC NC NC FR NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop) NC 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC F F NC NC NC

streptomycin sulfate (Agri-Mycin 17)2 18 0 NC F F NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

sulfurP (Microthiol Disperss) M2 0 P NC NC NC NC NC F NC NC NC NC NC NC

Trichoderma harzianum (Plant Shield) NG 0 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC P F NC NC NC

1 Efficacy ratings do not necessarily indicate a labeled use for every disease.2 For use on transplants only.P Sulfur may be phytotoxic; follow label carefully.F To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” groups are generally considered

“low risk” with no signs of resistance developing to the majority of fungicides. “NC” indicates that the product has not been classified into a fungicide group.

595

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Seed TreatmentsSeed sanitation to eradicate bacterial or viral plant pathogens: When treating vegetable seeds, it is critical to follow the directions exactly, because germination can be reduced by the treatment and/or the pathogen may not be completely eliminated. The effect of a treatment on germination should be determined on a small lot of seeds prior to treating large amounts of seed. Treatments should not be applied to: 1) pelleted seed, 2) previously treated seed, or 3) old or poor quality seed. A protective fungicide treatment (see below) can be applied to the seed following treatment for bacterial pathogens.

Seed treatments to prevent damping off diseases: Most commercially available vegetable seeds come treated with at least one fungicide and/or insecticide. Vegetable producers who would like to apply their own seed treatment should purchase non-treated seed. While many fungicides are labeled for use on vegetable seed, most fungicides are restricted to commercial treatment only and should not be applied by producers. Labeled fungicides can be applied to seed following treatment for bacterial pathogens (see above). Do not use fungicide treated seed for food or feed.

HOT WATER TREATMENTBy soaking seed in hot water, seedborne fungi and bacteria can be reduced, if not eradicated, from the seed coat. Hot water soaking will not kill pathogens associated with the embryo nor will it remove seedborne plant viruses from the seed surface.1. Place seed loosely in a weighted cheesecloth or nylon bag.2. Warm the seed by soaking it for 10 minutes in 100 degree Fahrenheit (37 Celsius) water.3. Transfer the warmed seed into a water bath already heated to the temperature recommended for the vegetable seed being treated.

The seeds should be completely emerged in the water for the recommended amount of time (see table below). Agitation of the water during the treatment process will help to maintain a uniform temperature in the water bath.

4. Transfer the hot water treated seed into a cold-water bath for five minutes to stop the heating action.5. Remove seed from the cheesecloth or nylon bag and spread them evenly on clean paper towel or a sanitized drying screen to dry.

Do not dry seed in areas where fungicides, pesticides or other chemicals are located.6. Seed can be treated with a labeled fungicide to protect against damping off pathogens.

CHLORINE BLEACH TREATMENTTreating seeds with a solution of chlorine bleach can effectively remove bacterial pathogens and some viruses (i.e. Tobacco Mosaic Virus) that are borne on the surface of seeds.1. Add 1 quart (946 ml) of Clorox® bleach to 5 quarts (4.7 L) of potable water. 2. Add a drop or two of liquid dish detergent or a commercial surfactant such as Activator 90 or Silwet to the disinfectant solution. Add

seed to the disinfectant solution (1 pound of seed per 4 quarts of disinfectant solution) and agitate for 1 minute.3. Prepare fresh disinfectant solution for each batch of seeds to be treated.4. Rinse the seed in a cold water bath for 5 minutes to remove residual disinfectant.5. Spread seeds evenly on clean paper towel or a sanitized drying screen to dry. Do not dry seed in area where fungicides, pesticides,

or other chemicals are located.6. Seed can be treated with a labeled fungicide to protect against damping off pathogens.

HYDROCHLORIC ACID TREATMENTTomato seed can be treated with a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution to eliminate seedborne bacterial pathogens such as Xanthomonas spp. (Bacterial leaf spot), Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Bacterial speck) and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Bacterial canker). Hydrochloric acid can also be used to remove TMV from the surface of tomato seed. Do not use HCL-treated seed for food or animal feed.1. Prepare a 5% solution of HCl by adding one part acid to 19 parts potable water. Prepare the acid solution in a well-ventilated area

and avoid direct skin contact with the acid.2. Soak seeds for 6 hours with gentle agitation.3. Carefully drain the acid off of the seed and rinse seed under running potable water for 30 minutes. Alternatively, rinse the seeds 10

to 12 times with potable water to remove residual acid.4. Spread seeds evenly on clean paper towel or a sanitized drying screen to dry. Do not dry seed in area where fungicides, pesticides,


TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE TREATMENTTomato seed can be treated with trisodium phosphate (TSP) to eradicate seed-transmitted TMV. Do not use TSP-treated seed for food or animal feed.1. Prepare a 10% solution of TSP (1 part TSP in 9 parts potable water). Trisodium phosphate is available at most home supply or paint

stores. Avoid direct skin contact with the TSP solution.2. Soak seed for 15 minutes in the disinfectant solution.3. Rinse the seed in a cold water bath for 5 minutes to remove residual disinfectant.4. Spread seeds evenly on clean paper towel or a sanitized drying screen to dry. Do not dry seed in area where fungicides, pesticides,


596

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


TESTING SEED GERMINATION AFTER SEED TREATMENTS1. Randomly select 100 seeds from each seed lot.2. Treat 50 seeds using one of the sanitizers described above. 3. After the treated seed has dried and before application of a protectant fungicide, plant the treated and non-treated seed separately

in flats containing planting mix according to standard practice. Label each group as treated or non-treated.4. Allow the seeds to germinate and grow until the first true leaf appears (to allow for differences in germination rates to be observed). 5. Count seedlings in each group separately.6. Determine the percent germination for each group: # seedlings emerged ÷ # seeds planted x 100.7. Compare percent germination between the treated and non-treated groups. Percent germination should be within 5% of each other.

Table 10-60. Recommended Temperatures and Treatment Times for Hot Water Disinfestation of Vegetable Seed

Vegetable CropWater Temperature

(°F/°C)Soaking Time

(Minutes)

Broccoli 122/50 20 to 25

Brussels sprout 122/50 25

Cabbage 122/50 25

Carrot 122/50 15 to 20

Cauliflower 122/50 20

Celery 122/50 25

Chinese cabbage 122/50 20

Collard 122/50 20

Cucumber1 122/50 20

Eggplant 122/50 25

Garlic 120/49 20

Kale, Kohlrabi 122/50 20

Lettuce 118/48 30

Mint 112/44 10

Mustard, Cress, Radish 122/50 15

Onion 115/46 60

Pepper 125/51 30

Rape, Rutabaga 122/50 20

Shallot 115/46 60

Spinach 122/50 25

Tomato 122/50 25

Turnip 122/50 20

1 Cucurbits other than cucumbers can be severely damaged by hot water treatment and should be disinfested using chlorine bleach.

597

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-61. Products for Seed Treatment

42-S

Thi

ram

(thi

ram

)

Alle

gian

ce (m

etal

axyl

)

Acq

uire

(met

alax

yl)

Apr

on (m

efen

oxam

)

Bel

mon

t 2.7

FS (m

etal

axyl

)

Bot

ran

75W

(dic

lora

n)

Cap

tan

400

(cap

tan)

Cru

iser

Max

x (th

iam

etho

xam

+

mef

enox

am +

flud

ioxo

nil)

Cru

iser

Max

x Po

tato

(th

iam

etho

xam

+ fl

udio

xoni

l)

Dyn

a-Sh

ield

(flud

ioxo

nil)

Div

iden

d Ex

trem

e (d

ifeno

cono

zole

+ m

efen

oxam

)

Dyn

asty

(azo

xyst

robi

n)

Emes

to S

ilver

(pen

flufe

n +

prot

hioc

onaz

ole)

Max

im 4

FS (fl

udio

xoni

l)

Max

im M

Z (fl

udio

xoni

l + m

anco

zeb)

Met

aSta

r 2E

AG

(met

alax

yl)

Mon

Coa

t MZ

(flut

olan

il +

man

coze

b)

Sebr

ing

318S

(met

alax

yl)

Sebr

ing

480S

(met

alax

yl)

Spira

to 4

80 F

S (fl

udio

xoni

l)

Vita

flo-2

80 (c

arbo

xin

+ th

iram

)

Tops

MZ-

Gau

cho

(thio

phan

ate-

met

hyl +

man

coze

b)

Trile

x (tr

iflox

ystr

obin

+ m

etal

axyl

)

Fungicide GroupF M3 4 4 4 4 14 M3 4+12 12 12 3+4 11 3 12 12+M3 4 7+M3 4 4 M3 7+M3 1+M3 11+ 4

Beans, Snap X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Beans, Lima X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Beets X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Broccoli X X X X X X X X X X X

Carrots X X X X X X X X X X X

Celery X X X

Chinese Cabbage X X X X X X X

Cole Crops X X X X X X X X X

Cucumbers X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Eggplants X X X X X X X X X X

Garlic X X X X X

Greens, Mustard X X X X X X X X X X

Greens, Turnip X X X X X X X X X

Horseradish X X X X X X X

Leeks X X X X

Lettuce X X X X X X X X X

Muskmelons X X X X X X X X X X

Okra X X X X X X X X

Onions, Dry X X X X X X X X

Onions, Green X X X X X X X X

Parsley X X X X X X X X

Parsnips X X X X X X X X

Peas X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Peppers X X X X X X X X X X X

Pumpkins X X X X X X X X X X X

Radish X X X X X X X X X X

Spinach X X X X X X X X X X X X

Squash, Summer X X X X X X X X X X X

Squash, Winter X X X X X X X X X X X

Sweet Corn X X X X X X X X X X X

Sweet Potatoes X X X X X X X

Tomatoes X X X X X X X X X X X

Watermelon X X X X X X X X X X X X

White Potatoes (Irish) X X2 X X X3 X X X3 X X4 X

F To prevent resistance in pathogens, alternate fungicides within a group with fungicides in another group. Fungicides in the “M” group are generally considered “low risk” with no signs of resistance developing to the majority of fungicides.

598

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-62. Biocontrol Agents and Disinfestants Registered for Seed Treatment

Crop

Biocontrol Agents Disinfestants

Act

inov

ate

STP

(Str

epto

myc

es ly

dicu

s W

YEC

108

)

Kod

iak

HB

(B

acill

us s

ubtil

is G

B03

)

Myc

osto

p (S

trep

tom

yces

gris

eovi

ridis

K

61)

T-22

Pla

nter

Box

(T

richo

derm

a ha

rzia

num

)

Yiel

d Sh

ield

(B

acill

us p

umilu

s G

B34

)

Clo

rox

Hot

wat

er

Hyd

roch

loric

aci

d (H

Cl)

Tris

odiu

m p

hosp

hate

(TSP

)

Beans, Snap X X X X X

Beans, Lima X X X X X

Beets X X X X

Broccoli X X X

Carrots X X X X X

Celery X X X

Chinese Cabbage X X X

Cole Crops X X X X

Cucumbers X X X X X

Eggplants X X X X X

Garlic X X X X

Greens, Mustard X X X X

Greens, Turnip X X X X

Horseradish X X

Leeks X X X

Lettuce X X X X X

Muskmelons X X X X

Okra X X

Onions, Dry X X X X X

Onions, Green X X X X X

Parsley X X X X

Parsnips X X X

Peas X X X X X

Peppers X X X X X

Pumpkins/Winter squash X X X X

Radish X X X X X

Spinach X X X X

Squash, Summer X X X X

Sweet Corn X X X

Sweet Potatoes X X

Tomatoes X X X X X X X

Watermelon X X X X

White Potatoes (Irish) X

599

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


SanitizingFollow manufacturers label in all cases. The objective of treating soil in greenhouses and plant beds is to reduce to acceptable levels weeds, nematodes, insects, fungi, and bacteria in the soil that cause damage and disease in plants. This is critical for the successful production of greenhouse crops and healthy plants for field use.Follow general procedures for successful soil fumigation as outlined in commercial literature. Do not overtreat soil. Treated soils might develop nutrient imbalance and be especially susceptible to secondary infestation of disease-causing agents. Always follow directions on the label on the pesticide containers.CAUTION: Some products or treatments cannot be used for crops.

Table 10-63. Sanitizing Greenhouses and Plant Beds (Soils and Beds)Scale: E, excellent; G, good; F, fair; P, poor; NC, no control; ND, no data.

Material

Rate to Use Relative Effectiveness

Use and RemarksFormulation Application Wee

ds

Nem

atod

es

Inse

cts

Bac

teria

Fung

i

Viru

ses

dry heat 180 degrees F for 30 min Place small quantities in oven. G G G G G P

Metam-sodium (Metam CLR, Sectagon, Vapam)

11 to 22 oz/100 sq ft(37.5 to 75 gal/acre)

Inject 4 to 6 in. deep, space chisels 6 in. apart. Cover with plastic 7 to 15 days. Aerate 2 to 4 weeks.

F G G F G P All crops, all pests. Long waiting period after fumigating in cold soil (under 60 degrees F).

11 to 22 oz/100 sq ft(37.5 to 75 gal/acre)

Dilute with sufficient water and sprinkle uniformly to penetrate 2 in. into soil. A hose proportioner may be used. Cover with plastic 7 to 15 days. Aerate 2 to 4 weeks.

solarization 140 degrees F, 4 to 8 hr/dayfor 7 days

Pots, benches, tools, shallow soil, structures

G F G F G P Close greenhouse during hot, sunny days in summer for at least 1 week. Greenhouse must reach 140 degrees F or higher each day. Remove debris and heat-sensitive materials and keep greenhouse and contents moist. Will not control TMV or pests 0.5 inch or deeper in soil.

steam Heat soil from 180 degrees to 200 degrees F (30 min) 6 in. deep

Perforated pipes on or in soil, cover with tarp

G G G G G F All crops, most pests.

Telone C-17 + herbicide

10.3 to 17.1 gal/acre See label for herbicide rates

Inject 10 to 12 in. deep with chisels spaced 12 in. apart. Seal the soil by packing, wetting, or covering with plastic mulch.

G G F F G P Use higher rates for heavy soils. See label for organic soils.

Telone II + herbicide

7 to 16 oz/100 sq ft (25 to 54 gal/acre) See label for herbicide rates

Inject 4 to 6 in. deep, space chisels 12 in. apart. Cover 1 week, aerate 3 weeks.

G G F P P P Not for greenhouse use.

NOTE: Follow manufacturer’s label in all cases

Table 10-64. Sweetpotato Storage House SanitationMaterial Rate per 1,000 Cubic Feet of Space Methods and Remarks

Heat 140 degrees F 4 to 8 hr/day for 7 days or 180 degrees F for 30 minutes

See remarks under sanitizing greenhouses. The storage house, ventilation system, and equipment must be very clean and moist during the procedure. Caution: rot-causing organisms inside a drain will probably not be exposed to lethal temperature.

600

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-65. Water, Produce, and Equipment SanitationRate of Material to Use

Medium Sanitizer

Contact Time

(minutes) Target Rate (ppm) Formulation Method, Schedule, and RemarksWash water, dump tank water, or vegetable wash water*

calcium hypochlorite (Aquafit) 2 25 1 oz/200 gal

chlorine dioxide(Harvest Wash, ProOxine, Anthium Dioxide, Adox 750)

1 to 10 3 to 5 Varies between products; see product

labels.

Maintain water pH between 6.0 and 10. Restricted to large operations. Requires automated and controlled injection systems. NOTE: Chlorine dioxide is explosive.

chlorine gas (99.9%) — Contact supplier for rates. Restricted to very large operations. Requires automated and controlled injection systems. Regulated by both the EPA (water) and FDA (food contact surfaces).

hydrogen dioxide or peroxide(StorOx)

— Varies based on method of application.

hydrogen peroxide + peroxyacetic acid(BioSide HS)(Keystone Fruit and Vegetable Wash)(PAA Sanitizer FP)

(Perasan A)(SaniDate 5.0)

Tsunami 100

(Victory)(VigorOx 15 F&V)

11.5

0.75

—0.75

—

1.5—

80 peroxyacetic acid80 peroxyacetic acid

88 to 130 (peroxyacetic acid, non-porous surfaces)25 peroxyacetic acid

24 to 85 peroxyacetic acid

30 to 80

805 to 85 peroxyacetic acid (postharvest pathogens)

45 peroxyacetic acid (foodborne pathogens)

1 fl oz/16.4 gal1 fl oz/16.4 gal

3 to 3.5 fl oz/16 gal1 oz/20 gal

5.9 to 20.9 fl oz/100 gal

2.5 to 6.7 fl oz/100 gal

1 fl oz/16.4 gal

0.1 to 1 fl oz/16 gal

0.54 fl oz/16 gal

Contact times vary depending on the governing sanitary code. Post-sanitation rinse is not necessary.

sodium hypochlorite (5.25%)(12.75%)

——

150150

2.9 ml/L1.18 ml/L

Maintain water pH between 6.0 and 7.5. Noxious chlorine gas can be released when the pH drops below 6.0. NOTE: Household bleach is NOT registered for use with fresh produce.

sodium hypochlorite(Agclor 310)(Dibac)(Dynachlor)(Extract-2)(JP Optimum CRS)(Maxxum 700)(Zep FS Formula 4665)

—222-22

65 to 400252525252525

0.5 to 3 gal/1000 gal1 oz/20 gal5 oz/200gal5 oz/200gal

0.75 oz/10 gal8 oz/200gal5 oz/200gal

Monitor residual chlorine or change solution when it is visibly dirty. Rinse produce with potable water prior to packing.

Equipment**(conveyors, scrubbers, plastic harvest containers, peelers, field equipment, etc.)

calcium hypochlorite(Aquafit)

2 600 ppm (porous surfaces) 3 oz/20 gal Do not rinse or soak equipment overnight.

chlorine dioxide(ProOxine, Sanogene, Anthium Dioxide, Adox 750)

1 to 10 10 to 20 (porous or non-porous surfaces)

500 (ceilings, floors and walls)

Varies between products; see product

labels.

hydrogen dioxide or peroxide(StorOx)

— 1 to 3 ppm(1:300 to 1:100)

(non-porous surfaces)

0.5 to 1.25 fl oz/gal Apply until run-off. Requires a thorough post-sanitation rinse with potable water.

hydrogen peroxide + peroxyacetic acid(BioSide HS)

(PAA Sanitizer FP)

(Perasan A)

(SaniDate 5.0)(VigorOx 15 F&V)

1 or more

1 or more

1

11

93-500 peroxyacetic acid

88 to 130 peroxyacetic acid (non-porous surfaces)

82 to 500 peroxyacetic acid

~12885 peroxyacetic acid

0.7 to 3.8 fl oz/10 gal

1 to 1.5 fl oz/5 gal

1 to 6.1 oz/6 gal

1.6 fl oz/5 gal3.1 fl oz/50 gal

Contact time varies depending on the governing sanitary code. Consult labels as some products require a post-disinfection rinse with potable water.

sodium hypochlorite (5.25%) 22—

100 to 200 (non-porous surfaces)600 (porous surfaces)

1000 to 2000 (floors and walls)

1.9 to 3.8 ml/L11.4 ml/L

1900 to 3800 ml/L

Noxious chlorine gas can be released when the pH drops below 6.0. Porous surfaces require a thorough post-disinfection rinse with potable water. Allow all surface types to air dry prior to re-use.

sodium hypochlorite (12.75%) 22—

100 to 200 (non-porous surfaces)600 (porous surfaces)

1000 to 2000 (ceilings, floors and walls)

0.78 to 1.56 ml/L4.68 ml/L

780 to1560 ml/L

sodium hypochlorite(Agclor 310, Dibac, Dynachlor, Extract-2, JP Optimum CRS, Maxxum 700, Zep FS Formula 4665)

1 Varies based on method of application.

quaternary ammonia (DDAC)(KleenGrow)

10 — 1 fl oz/gal Allow surfaces to air dry. If treated surfaces will contact food, thoroughly rinse surfaces with potable water.

* Recommendations are for potable water only. Recommended rates are not effective in reducing pathogen populations in non-potable water (i.e. surface or ground water).

** Recommendations are for potable water only. Always wash off organic debris and soil with water prior to sanitizing. Rates and contact time are dependent on surface type.

601

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Generic and Alternative FungicidesTable 10-66. Generic and Alternative Fungicides for Use on Vegetable CropsCommon Name Trade Name(s)

chlorothalonil Bravo Ultrex (Syngenta)

Bravo Weather Stik (Syngenta)

Bravo Zn (Syngenta)

Chloronil 720 (Syngenta) Chlorothalonil 720 SC (Arysta) Echo 720 (SipcamAdvan) Echo 90DF (SipcamAdvan) Echo Zn (SipcamAdvan) Equus 500 Zn (MANA)

Equus 720 SST (MANA)

Equus DF (MANA)

Initiate 720 (Loveland Products)

Initiate ZN (Loveland Products)

copper hydroxide Champ DP Dry Prill (Nufarm)

Champ Formula 2 Flowable (Nufarm)

Champ WG (Nufarm)

Champion Wettable Powder (Nufarm)

Kentan DF (Isagro USA)

Kocide 2000 (DuPont)

Kocide 3000 (DuPont) Nu Cop 3L (Albaugh) Nu Cop 50DF (Albaugh)

NU Cop 50WP (Albaugh)

Nu Cop HB (Albaugh)

copper sulfate (basic) Basic Copper 53 (Albaugh)

Copper Z 4/4 (Helena)

Cuprofix Ultra 40 Disperss (UPI)

Cuproxat (NuFarm)

fosetyl-Al Aliette WDG Fungicide (Bayer)

Linebacker WDG (NovaSource)

fludioxonil Mamim 4FS (Syngenta)

Spirato 480 FS (Nufarm)

iprodione Enclosure 4 (Devgen) Iprodione 4L AG (Arysta) Meteor (UPI)

Nevado 4F (MANA)

Rovral 4 Flowable Fungicide (Bayer)

Rovral 4 Flowable (FMC)

mancozeb Dithane F-45 Rainshield (Dow) Dithane M-45 (Dow)

Koverall (Cheminova) Manzate Flowable (UPI) Manzate Max (UPI) Manzate Pro-Stick (UPI) Penncozeb 4FL (UPI) Penncozeb 75DF (UPI) Penncozeb 80WP (UPI)

Roper DF Rainshield (Loveland Products)

mefenoxam Ridomil Gold GR (Syngenta) Ridomil Gold SL (Syngenta) Ultra Flourish (Nufarm)

myclobutanil Rally 40WSP (Dow)

Sonoma 25EW AG (Albaugh)

Sonoma 40WSP (Albaugh)

pentachloronitrobenzene Blocker 4F

phosphite, potassium Helena Prophyt (Helena)

Confine Extra (Winfield Solutions)

Reveille (Helena)

phosphite (mono- and dibasic salts)

Phostrol (Nufarm)

phosphorous acid (mono- and dipotassium salts)

Alude (Cleary)

Fosphite Fungicide (JK Biotech)

Fungi-Phite (Plant Protectants)

K-Phite 7LP AG (Plant Food Systems)

Rampart (Loveland Products)

propamocarb hydrochloride Previcur Flex (Bayer)

Promess (Agriphar)

propiconazole AmTide Propiconazole 41.8% EC (AmTide)

Bumper 41.8 EC (MANA)

Bumper ES (MANA)

602

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Table 10-66. Generic and Alternative Fungicides for Use on Vegetable CropsCommon Name Trade Name(s)

Propiconazole (continued) Fitness (Loveland Products)

Propi-star EC (Albaugh)

Propicure 3.6F (Direct Ag Source)

Propimax EC (Dow AgroSciences)

Shar-Shield PPZ (Sharda USA)

Tilt (Syngenta)

Topaz (Winfield Solutions)

Willowood Propicon 3.6EC (Willowood USA)

sulfur Cosavet-DF (Sulphur Mills Limited)

CSC 80% Thiosperse (Martin Resources) CSC Dusting Sulfur (Martin Resources) CSC Thioben 90 (Martin Resources) CSC Wettable Sulfur (Martin Resources)

Dusting Sulfur (Loveland Products; Wilbur-Ellis) First Choice Dusting Sulfur (Loveland Products) IAP Dusting Sulfur (Independent Agribusiness Professionals)

InteGro Magic Sulfur Dust (InteGro Inc.)

Kumulus DF (Arysta) Liquid Sulfur Six (Helena) Micro Sulf (Nufarm)

Microfine Sulfur (Loveland Products)

Microthiol Disperss (UPI)

Special Electric Sulfur (Wilbur-Ellis)

Spray Sulfur (Wilbur-Ellis)

Sulfur 6L (Arysta) Sulfur 90W (Drexel) Sulfur DF (Wilbur-Ellis)

That Flowable Sulfur (Stoller Enterprises)

Thiolux (Loveland Products)

Wettable Sulfur (Helena)

Yellow Jacket Dusting Sulfur (Georgia Gulf Sulfur)

Yellow Jacket Wettable Sulfur (Georgia Gulf Sulfur)

tebuconazole AmTide TEBU 3.6F (AmTIde)

Barrier (Real Farm Technologies)

Folicur (Bayer)

Monsoon (Loveland Products) Onset 3.6L (Winfield Solutions) Orius 3.6 F (MANA)

Solera Tebuconazole 3.6F (Solera)

Tebu-Crop 3.6F (Sharda USA)

Tebucon 3.6F (Repar Corp.)

TebuStar 3.6L (Albaugh) Tebuzol 3.6F (UPI) Toledo 3.6F (Rotam)

thiophanate-methyl Incognito 4.5 F (MANA)

Incognito 85 WDG (MANA) Thiophanate Methyl 85 WDG (MANA) T-Methyl 4.5F (Nufarm)

T-Methyl 70W WSB (Nufarm)

Topsin 4.5FL (UPI)

Topsin M 70 WDG (UPI)

603

PEST

ICID

E U

SE, S

AFE

TYD

ISEA

SE C

ON

TRO

L


Table 10-67. Biopesticides and Fungicide Alternatives for Vegetables

Active Ingredient Product Crops Target Diseases/PestsGreenhouse

UseOMRI-Listed Comments

Acibenzolar-S-methyl Actigard chili pepper, cucurbits, lettuce, onion, spinach, tomato

bacterial blights, downy mildew, powdery mildew (crop dependent, see label)

No No Do not apply to plants stressed by heat, cold, or moisture extremes.

Bacillus pumilus QST2808 Ballad Plus, Sonata

Cole crops, cucurbits, legumes, bulb vegetables, root crops, pepper, tomato, sweet corn

early blight, late blight, downy mildew, powdery mildew, leaf blights, rust

Yes Yes Ballad Plus can be used on sweet corn only.

Bacillus subtilis GB03 Companion most vegetables (see label) root diseases Yes Yes

Bacillus subtilis MBI 600 Subtilex NG cucurbits, eggplant, pepper, tomato

root diseases, powdery mildew Yes No Apply to soil or potting medium; use as a foliar spray for powdery mildew.

Bacillus subtilis QST713 Cease, Serenade Max

Cole crops, leafy vegetables, legumes, cucurbits, pepper, tomato

downy mildew, powdery mildew, leaf blights

Yes Yes

Coniothyrium minitans Contans WG most vegetables (see label) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (white mold, timber rot, drop)

Yes Yes Apply to soil or potting medium.

Gliocladium cantenulatum PreStop Biofungicide

most vegetables (see label) seed rots, root diseases,Botrytis stem canker

Yes

Gliocladium virens GL-21 SoilGard 12G most vegetables (see label) seed rots, root diseases Yes Yes Do not apply in conjunction with chemical fungicides.

Hydrogen peroxide (Oxidate)

Oxidate, Terracide

most vegetables (see label) root diseases, leaf blights Yes Yes

Myrothecium verrucaria DiTera DF Cole crops, cucurbits, eggplant, leafy vegetables, legumes, pepper, root and tuber vegetables, tomato

nematodes Yes Yes

Neem oil Trilogy vegetables foliar diseases Yes Yes May cause leaf burn; test a small number of plants before spraying entire crop.

Oils from cottonseed, corn, and garlic

Mildew Cure tomato, cucurbits powdery mildew Yes May cause leaf burn; test a small number of plants before spraying entire crop.

Oils from clove, rosemary, and thyme

Sporatec most vegetables (see label) powdery mildew, fungal leaf blights

Yes Yes Addition of a spray adjuvant (spreader or penetrant) is recommended.

Oil from soybean Oleotrol-M most vegetables (see label) Botrytis gray bold, downy mildew, powdery mildew

Yes Yes Tank-mix with a spreader- sticker.

Paecilomyces lilacinus MeloCon WG most vegetables (see label) nematodes Yes Yes

Phage AgriPhage most vegetables (see label) bacterial spot, speck Yes No

Phosphorous compounds Alude, Fosphite

Fungi-Phite, Phostrol, ProPhyt, Rampart

most vegetables (see label)

downy mildew, powdery mildew, leaf blights

Yes No

Potassium bicarbonate Armicarb, Kaligreen, Milstop

most vegetables (see label) powdery mildew, fungal leaf blights

Yes Yes (Kaligreen,

Milstop)

pH of spray solution should not be below 7.0.

Potassium salts of fatty acids

M-Pede most vegetables (see label) powdery mildew Yes Do not mix with surfactants or apply to stressed plants to avoid plant injury.

Potassium silicate Sil-MATRIX most vegetables (see label) powdery mildew, Botrytisgray mold

Yes Yes Tank-mix with a non-ionic surfactant for best results.

Pseudomonas chloroaphis Ateze most vegetables (see label) stem, root diseases Yes No Greenhouse use only.

Reynoutria sachalinensis Regalia most vegetables (see label) powdery mildew, fungal leaf blights

Yes Yes First application should be made before symptoms appear.

Streptomyces griseoviridis Mycostop most vegetables (see label) seedling, root, and stem rots Yes Yes Can be added to potting mix or applied in-furrow to field soil.

Streptomyces lydicus Actinovate AG most vegetables (see label) seedling, root, and stem rots; foliar blights

Yes Yes Can be used as a soil or foliar treatment.

Streptomyces lydicus + iron, molybdenum, and humic acid

Actino-Iron most vegetables (see label) seedling, root, and stem rots Yes Yes Soil treatment

Trichoderma harzianum T-22, RootShield, PlantShield

Cole crops, eggplant, leafy vegetables, pepper, tomato

seedling, root, and stem rots Yes Yes Can be added to potting mix or applied in-furrow to field soil.

Trichoderma viride Binab most vegetables seedling, root, and stem rots Yes No

604

DISEA

SE CO

NTR

OL


Fungicide Resistance ManagementFungicides are organized according to FRAC groups, chemical structure and Mode of Action (MoA). Fungicides within a given FRAC group control fungi in a similar manner and share the same risk for fungicide resistance development. Some fungicides are referred to as high- or at-risk fungicides because of their specific MoAs and therefore have a high risk for resistance development. Groups of fungicides, such as the QoI’s (FRAC group 11) or Phenylamides (FRAC group 4) are prone to resistance development due to very specific MoAs. Fungicides in high- or at-risk groups should be rotated and/or tank-mixed with broad spectrum protectant fungicides (FRAC group M3 or M5) to delay the development of resistant strains of fungi. For more information on fungicide resistance management see: http://www.frac.info/

Table 10-68. Fungicide Modes of Action for Fungicide Resistance ManagementFRAC Code

Fungicide Resistance Risk Group Name Example Active ingredients Example Products

P1 Unknown Benzo-thiadiazole (BTH) Acibenzolar-S-methyl Actigard

M1 Low Inorganic copper Fixed copper Copper (various)

M2 Low Inorganic sulfur Sulfur Sulfur (various)

M3 Low Dithiocarbamates Mancozeb Mancozeb (various)

M5 Low Chloronitriles Chlorothalonil Chlorothalonil (various)

1 High Methyl benzimidazole carbamates (MBC) Thiophanate-methyl Topsin M

2 Medium to high Dicarboximides Iprodione Rovral

3 Medium Demethylation inhibitors (DMI) TriflumizoleMyclobutanil

ProcureRally

4 High Phenylamide Mefenoxam Ridomil Gold

7 Medium to high Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) BoscalidPenthiopyrad

EnduraFontelis

9 Medium Anilino-pyrimidines (AP) Pyrimethanil Scala

11 High Quinone outside inhibitors (QoI) PyraclostrobinTrifloxystrobinAzoxystrobin

CabrioFlintQuadris

12 Low to medium Phenylpyrroles (PP) Fludioxinil Maxim

13 Medium Aza-naphthalenes Quinoxyfen Quintec

14 Low to medium Aromatic hydrocarbons (AH) Dichloran Botran

21 Medium to high Quinone inside Inhibitors (Qil) Cyazofamid Ranman

22 Low to medium Benzamides (toluamides)Thiazole carboxamide

Zoxamide Gavel (contains zoxamide and mancozeb)

27 Low to medium Cyanoacetamide-oximes Cymoxanil Curzate

28 Low to medium Carbamates Propamocarb Presidio

29 Unknown Dinitroanilines Fluazinam Omega

33 Low Phosphonates Fosetyl A! Aliette

40 Low to medium Carboxylic acid amides (CAA) DimethomorphMandipropamid

ForumRevus

43 High Benzamides Fluopicolide Presidio

x — disease control · insufficient data to make statement about efficacy of this product; nl=...

Documents