The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

Revolution – complete change

Industrial – from home industries to factories

Industry - work

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

How long did it take?

• Ages! From 1750 – 1830’s

not violent lives changed working conditions changed living standards changed

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

What was the new technology?STEAM POWER!

In 1769 James Watt built a steam engine which used coal to produce steam which turned wheels and drove machinery

In 1825, George Stephenson Built

a steam train, called the “Rocket”

because it travelled at

48km ph – a speed

considered dangerous

HOW DOES STEAM POWER WORK ?

Coal boils water & makes steam, steam is forced through pipes, pressure builds,

steam released from pipes turns the wheels & engines on the

machines

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

TRANSPORT REVOLUTION

railways – all over the country

canals – barges transport goods - could transport a lot cheaply - mostly between mines and factories Result = price of coal fell

steamships are much quicker than sailing ships & don’t depend on the weather.

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

RESULTS OF THE TRANSPORT REVOLUTION

• Cheap fast travel

• Trains carry much more than horse & cart

• Fresh food daily = better diet = longer lives

• British goods shipped more quickly – to colonial markets

Result: Britain became the most advanced industrialised country in the world

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

Why does BRITAIN Take the lead?

Britain is an island with a very strong navy – can protect itself plus its trade routes - escaped the wars of Europe.

Britain has lots of raw materials: coal and iron ore

Britain has access to cotton (America and India )

Has ready markets - can sell products to their colonies

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

WHAT OTHER ADVANTAGES DID BRITAIN HAVE?

Industrialists had access to slave labour on the American plantations.

• Slave labour was exploited for profit.

• The factories used people who came to the urban areas in search of work.

• These workers were poorly paid and were also exploited

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

It’s all about the availability of CAPITAL

Capital = money used to start a business or money invested The aim is to make more money.

British industrialists had capital because:

They had investments in the colonies They were plantation ownersMany of the

industrialists acted as bankers and helped to provide money for new factories, machinery and transport

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

WHAT WAS THE NEW WORLD OF WORK LIKE?

• Many people hated the machines

• They felt that they took away their self worth

• Factory hours were long - 14 hrs a day Factory workers had to keep pace with the machines which were very fast

• Injuries were frequent

• There was no compensation for illness or injury – often they just lost their job as well

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

WHY WERE WOMEN AND CHILDREN PREFERRED FOR WORK?

Children were smaller than adults ; they could be paid less; poor families had to send children to work to

make ends meet

Women could be paid less than men and tended to be obedient

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

Some workers

formed trade unions to fight

for better working

conditions

This manifesto calls for a strike

Marches and banners were used to publicise their cause

Workers were influenced by French Revolution & thinkers like Karl Marx – wanted better treatment.

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed

WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF URBANISATION?

Filthy Father Thames - no sanitation or proper sewerage

= diseases like cholera

Narrow crowded streets between tall buildings allow for little air and light.

no jobs + no money + debt = crime + squalid living

conditions

The Industrial Revolution – very creative show made by Mrs Freed