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Schema.org - Actions

OC Working Group – 16.06.2014Anton Evangelatov

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Overview

Introduction – what is Schema.org

Introduction – what is Schema.org Actions

Overview of Schema.org Actions

ActionStatus

potentialAction

EntryPoint

I/O constraints

Questions

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What is Schema.org?

Launched in June, 2011.

An initiative by Bing, Google, Yahoo and Yandex.

Schema.org is a common set of schemas for structured data markup on web pages.

Such markup can be recognized by search engine spiders and other parsers, thus gaining access to the meaning of the sites.

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What is Schema.org Actions?

A vocabulary that enables websites to describe the actions they enable and how these actions can be invoked.

Before 2014 http://schema.org/Action was used to describe pastActions.

Now is also features the capability to perform an action in the future, as well as the definition of how that capability can be exercised.

For example:

making a reservation watching a movie commenting on a post

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Overview – http://schema.org/Action

An action performed by a direct agent and indirect participants upon a direct object.

Optionally happens at a location with the help of an inanimate instrument.

The execution of the action may produce a result.

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Overview – http://schema.org/Action

<!-- John listened to Pink with Steve at Anna's apartment on his iPod. --><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "ListenAction", "agent": { "@type": "Person", "name": "John" }, "object": { "@type": "MusicGroup", "name": "Pink!" }, "participant": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Steve" }, "location": { "@type": "Residence", "name": "Ann's apartment" }, "instrument": { "@type": "Product", "name": "iPod" }}</script>

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Overview – http://schema.org/Action

<!-- John created an exercise plan with Steve. --><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "CreateAction", "agent": { "@type": "Person", "name": "John" }, "result": { "@type": "ExercisePlan", "name": "John's weight loss plan" }, "participant": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Steve" }}</script>

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http://schema.org/Action - ActionStatus

Action status

Indicates the current disposition of the Action.

A mechanism for differentiating potential actions from actions that have actually taken place or are even still in-progress

Enumeration members

PotentialActionStatus - A description of an action that is supported ActiveActionStatus - An in-progress action (e.g., while watching the movie,

or driving to a location) CompletedActionStatus - An action that has already taken place

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http://schema.org/Action - potentialAction

Connecting Actions to Things

Frequently actions are taken or offered in the context of an object (e.g., watch this movie, review this article, share this webpage, etc.).

We introduce a new property called potentialAction for describing the "prototype" of an action that can be taken on that Thing.

<!-- describing that this Thing can be watched -->{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Movie", "name": "Footloose", "potentialAction": { "@type": "WatchAction" } }

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http://schema.org/Action - EntryPoint

Action EntryPoints

Potential actions are materialized via execution against the target EntryPoint of an Action.

{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Movie", "name": "Footloose", "potentialAction": { "@type": "WatchAction", "target" : "http://example.com/player?id=123" } }

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http://schema.org/Action - I/O constraints

Input and Output constraints

Additional information is often required from a user or client in order to formulate a complete request. To facilitate this process we need the ability to describe within a potential action how to construct these inputs.

{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "name": "Example.com", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "http://example.com/search?q={q}", "query-input": "required maxlength=100 name=q" } }

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Thank you for your attention

Questions?

Additional information:

http://blog.schema.org/2014/04/announcing-schemaorg-actions.html https://www.w3.org/wiki/images/1/10/PotentialActionsApril11.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON-LD

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