wwii part 3.ppt · fought more vigorously, and the allied troops forced the germans to retreat in...

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02/04/2016 1 Battle of the Bulge In December 1944, Hitler staged an offensive in Belgium that he hoped would cut Allied supply lines. American troops led by Eisenhower and Patton fought more vigorously, and the Allied troops forced the Germans to retreat in January 1945. Had drained German resources, and Soviet troops had made progress into Germany from the east. In March, U.S. troops attacking from the west crossed the Rhine River. VE Day Hitler committed suicide on April 30. Soon, the Germans surrendered unconditionally. May 8, 1945 became known as "VE Day" for "Victory in Europe." The War in Japan, 1944—1945 Iwo Jima In February 1945, U.S. marines stormed the island of Iwo Jima, hoping to secure it as a refueling point for U.S. aircraft. Intense fighting that resulted in more than 6,800 American casualties followed, but troops succeeded in capturing the island from the Japanese. Firebombing American bombers had a hard time reaching targets in Japan. Used firebombs made with napalm that would start fires even if the bombs missed their military targets. These bombs became controversial because they also hurt and killed civilians, but they caused enormous damage to Japan's war industries. The War in Japan, 1944—1945 Iwo Jima In February 1945, U.S. marines stormed the island of Iwo Jima, hoping to secure it as a refueling point for U.S. aircraft. Intense fighting that resulted in more than 6,800 American casualties followed, but troops succeeded in capturing the island from the Japanese. Firebombing American bombers had a hard time reaching targets in Japan. Used firebombs made with napalm that would start fires even if the bombs missed their military targets. These bombs became controversial because they also hurt and killed civilians, but they caused enormous damage to Japan's war industries. The War in Japan, 1944—1945 Okinawa Invaded to gain a base close enough to Japan that it could be used to launch an invasion Fighting lasted for over two months U.S. forces captured the island at the expense of some 12,000 deaths Terms for Surrender After Okinawa, Japan was looking for a way to end the war. American leaders demanded a surrender that would remove Emperor Hirohito from office. The Japanese, however, wanted their leader to retain power. The War in Japan, 1944—1945 Okinawa Invaded to gain a base close enough to Japan that it could be used to launch an invasion Fighting lasted for over two months U.S. forces captured the island at the expense of some 12,000 deaths Terms for Surrender After Okinawa, Japan was looking for a way to end the war. American leaders demanded a surrender that would remove Emperor Hirohito from office. The Japanese, however, wanted their leader to retain power.

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Page 1: WWII Part 3.ppt · fought more vigorously, and the Allied troops forced the Germans to retreat in January 1945. ... – V‐J Day, or “Victory in Japan”—August 15, 1945— marked

02/04/2016

1

Battle of the Bulge

• In December 1944, Hitler staged an offensive in Belgium that he hoped would cut Allied supply lines.

• American troops led by Eisenhower and Patton fought more vigorously, and the Allied troops forced the Germans to retreat in January 1945.

• Had drained German resources, and Soviet troops had made progress into Germany from the east.

• In March, U.S. troops attacking from the west crossed the Rhine River.

V‐E Day

• Hitler committed suicide on April 30.

• Soon, the Germans surrendered unconditionally.

• May 8, 1945 became known as "V‐E Day" for "Victory in Europe."

The War in Japan, 1944—1945

• Iwo Jima– In February 1945, U.S. marines stormed the island of Iwo Jima, 

hoping to secure it as a refueling point for U.S. aircraft.– Intense fighting that resulted in more than 6,800 American 

casualties followed, but troops succeeded in capturing the island from the Japanese.

• Firebombing– American bombers had a hard time reaching targets in Japan.– Used firebombs made with napalm that would start fires even if 

the bombs missed their military targets.– These bombs became controversial because they also hurt and 

killed civilians, but they caused enormous damage to Japan's war industries.

The War in Japan, 1944—1945

• Iwo Jima– In February 1945, U.S. marines stormed the island of Iwo Jima, 

hoping to secure it as a refueling point for U.S. aircraft.– Intense fighting that resulted in more than 6,800 American 

casualties followed, but troops succeeded in capturing the island from the Japanese.

• Firebombing– American bombers had a hard time reaching targets in Japan.– Used firebombs made with napalm that would start fires even if 

the bombs missed their military targets.– These bombs became controversial because they also hurt and 

killed civilians, but they caused enormous damage to Japan's war industries.

The War in Japan, 1944—1945• Okinawa

– Invaded to gain a base close enough to Japan that it could be used to launch an invasion

– Fighting lasted for over two months– U.S. forces captured the island at the expense of some 12,000 deaths

• Terms for Surrender– After Okinawa, Japan was looking for a way to end the war.

– American leaders demanded a surrender that would remove Emperor Hirohito from office.

• The Japanese, however, wanted their leader to retain power.

The War in Japan, 1944—1945• Okinawa

– Invaded to gain a base close enough to Japan that it could be used to launch an invasion

– Fighting lasted for over two months– U.S. forces captured the island at the expense of some 12,000 deaths

• Terms for Surrender– After Okinawa, Japan was looking for a way to end the war.

– American leaders demanded a surrender that would remove Emperor Hirohito from office.

• The Japanese, however, wanted their leader to retain power.

Page 2: WWII Part 3.ppt · fought more vigorously, and the Allied troops forced the Germans to retreat in January 1945. ... – V‐J Day, or “Victory in Japan”—August 15, 1945— marked

02/04/2016

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Manhattan Project

• By 1939, scientists had begun exploring the possibilities of nuclear fission.

• The secret U.S. scientific research project to build an atomic bomb was called the Manhattan Project.

• Its first major success was the construction of the first nuclear reactor at the University of Chicago in late 1942.

• By 1945, scientists had developed the atomic bomb.

V‐J Day

• Hiroshima and Nagasaki

– August 6 and August 9, 1945

• Japan Surrenders

– The combination of the destruction of the atomic bombs and the Soviet declaration of war caused Japan to surrender

– V‐J Day, or “Victory in Japan”—August 15, 1945—marked the Japanese surrender and official end of World War II