wwi flawed peace

A Flawed Peace

1. What were the guiding principles of Wilson’s Fourteen Points? (p. 369)

2. What were the concerns and aims of France and Britain? (p.372)

Wilson’s goal of achieving a just peace differed objectives of France and Great Britain.

After heated debate and compromise, the Treaty of Versailles is signed.

3. In what ways did the treaty punish Germany? (p. 372)

4. How did the treaty change the world map? (p. 372)

5. How was Wilson’s Fourteenth Points incorporated into the treaty? (p.372)

The legacy of Versailles was one of bitterness and loss.

6. Why did the United States reject the treaty? (p. 374)

7. How did this rejection affect the League of Nations? (p. 374)

8. Why did many countries feel bitter and cheated as a result of the treaty? (p.373)

Assignment #Chapter 11 Section 4

1. Woodrow Wilson 2. Georges Clemenceau 3. David Lloyd George

4. self-determination 5. League Of Nations 6. mandateDefine these terms on Vocab List.

NOT HERE!!!!!

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TREATY OF VERSAILLES

Peace Conference takes place here following WWI.

Which picture is better?

This one or the previous slide?

Who were the Big Four?

A Flawed Peace







5. How was Wilson’s Fourteenth Points incorporated into the treaty? (p.372)The legacy of Versailles was one of bitterness and loss.







NOT HERE!!!!!

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Flawed Peace in Paris 1919

Who were the Big Four?

USA Great Britain

Italy France

Other Countries?

Not There?

A)__________ =

B)__________ =

C)__________ =

Leaves Upset?

A)________:

B)________:

C)________:

Ottoman Empire? Europe Before & After WWI

Assign #7Back side

1) Leader: 1) Leader:

1) Leader: 1) Leader:

2) Demands 3) Conflicts 2) Demands 3) Conflicts

2) Demands 3) Conflicts2) Demands 3) Conflicts

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USA

1) LEADERS 2) DEMANDS

3) CONFLICTS

Back to Big Four

Who was the US President?

Who was the US President?Woodrow Wilson

Back to USA

What were the US demands?

What were the US demands?

14 Points

League of Nations

Self-determination

No Secret Treaties

Back to USA

What were the US conflicts?

What were the US conflicts?A) Secret Treaties

B) Wilson’s stubborn partisan diplomacy works against him as an isolationist Congress votes against the US joining the League of Nations.

Back to USA

Secret TreatiesWhat?

Who?

Where?

Why?Back to big four

What are Secret Treaties?

What are Secret Treaties?

An agreement between two of more countries that

is not known by other countries.

EXAMPLE?

Example of a Secret Treaty?

Treaty of London

What was the Treaty of London?

What was the Treaty of London?France and Britain promised Italy the

Dalmatian coast if Italy joined the Allies and fought

against the Austrian- Hungarians.

Dalmatian Coast?

Back to US Conflicts

Italy wants Dalmatian Coast

Italy wants the Dalmatian CoastBack to Conflict

Ever wonder what an area on a map looks like?

Want in on a secret?Forget it!

There are a maze of hundreds of islands along the coast

Does this look like home?

Would you rather be sailing here or in class right now?

…and Plato said, “Where is this?”

Wow! Cool for sailing.

Walter Lippman said, “This picture is only in your head.”

Do you trust the pictures in your head?

Wow! Clear water! No People!

Wow! Images… Geography… Maps… the world…is this all

important?

Final Thoughts

Final Thoughts1) Do you trust the images in

your head?


your head? 2) What were you looking at?


your head? 2) What were you looking at? 3) How do you know what you

were looking at?


your head? 2) What were you looking at? 3) How do you know what you

were looking at?4) How can you find out ‘the

truth’? Back to Conflicts

WHY does Italy want the Dalmatian Coast?


a) To have a defensive barrier to prevent an invasion of the

Italian Peninsula.


a) To have a defensive barrier to prevent an invasion of the

Italian Peninsula.

b) Dominate the regionBack to secret treaties

WHO? Secret Treaty?

AGAINST? FOR?

WHO? Secret Treaty?AGAINST?

USA

ChinaYugoslaviaGermany

Back to Secret Treaty

FOR?

ItalyJapan

FranceGreat Britain

Great Britain1)Leader 2) Demands

3) Conflicts

Back to the Big Four

Who was the British Prime Minister?

British Prime Minister?David Lloyd George

Back to British

What were the British demands?

What were the British demands?

a) Punish Germany

b) Reparations

c) Secret Treaties

d) Self-determinationBack to British

What were the French conflicts?

What were the British conflicts?

a)Was Germany going to be kept weak?

b) Secret Treaties are important sometimes

c) Self-determination (depends) Back to British

France

1)Leader 2) Demands

3) Conflicts


Who was the French Prime Minister?

Who was the French Prime Minister?

Clemenceau

Back toFrance

What were the French demands?

Back to France

What were the French demands?

a)Same as Great Britainb) Secret Treatiesc) Punish Germanyd) Reparationse)Take Land from Germanyf) Keep Germany weak

Back to France


a)Against secret treaties b)“Peace without victory” c) Demand land from

Germany (Alace Lorraine)

Back to France

Italy1)Leader 2) Demands

3) Conflicts


Who was the Italian Premier?

Who was the Italian Premier?Vittorio Orlando

Back to USA

Back to Italy

What were the Italian demands?

Back to Italy

What were the Italian demands?a) Land promised from secret

treaty with Great Britain

b) Dalmatian Coast

c) Against self-determination

Back to Italy

What were the Italian conflicts?

What were the Italian conflicts?a)Against Wilson’s idea to deny

secret treaties promises.

b) Against self-determination

c) Yugoslavia d) “Peace without victory”

Back to Italy

WWI MAP

Italy wants Dalmatian Coast

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Italy wants the Dalmatian Coast

Back to Italy Back to Play

WHO IS NOT AT VERSAILLES?

Back to Big 4

WHO IS NOT AT VERSAILLES?

a)Russia What happened?

b)Germany What happened?

c)Republicans

Back to Big 4

What Happened?

RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONA) Allies ignore Russia for dropping out

of the war and letting allies down

B) Great Britain & USA send thousands of troops to Russia to try and stop the communist revolution. (Think about French Rev)

C) Russia not invited to Versailles

D) Russian and US relations weaken

Back to Big 4

GERMANY

a) Had to accept blame for war

b) $33 billion in reparations

c) No more German military

d) No sympathy from France & Britain

e) Germany kept weak Back to Big 4

Who left Angry?

Who left Angry?1)China

2)Japan

3) Italy Back to Big 4

14 Points?

Wilson's 14 points

1 Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. (Peace will be maintained by having open diplomacy and no secret treaties).2 Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants. (Keep the seas free. One of the reasons that America joined the war was because of German attacks on American shipping).3 The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance. (Free trade).4 Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety. (World disarmament). 5 A free, open-minded and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined. (Self-determination). 6 The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent determination of her own political development and national policy and assure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choosing; and, more than a welcome, assistance also of every kind that she may need and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their goodwill, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own interests, and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy. (Self-determination). 7 Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired. (Self-determination). Wilson's 14 points ...continued...8 All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all. (Self-determination). 9 A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognisable lines of nationality. (Self-determination). 10 The peoples of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity to autonomous development. (Self-determination). 11 Rumania, Serbia and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into. (Self-determination). 12 The Turkish portion of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development, and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees.(Self-determination). 13 An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenant. (Self-determination). 14 A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike. (The formation of a League of Nations).

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Ottoman Empire around1600

OTTOMAN EMPIRE 1914

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Back

Mobilized Dead Wounded Missing/PoW

Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000

Germany 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800

Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652

France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000

Austria-Hungary 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000

Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000

US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526

Turkey 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000

Bulgaria 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029

Japan 800,000 300 907 3

Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000

Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958

Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659

Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000

Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318

Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000

Republicans Not There?


I’ll just bring my democrats to this

meeting because I’m a Democratic

President


Hey guys I have 14 points!


Hey I like this League of Nations Idea!


Yeah! Lets make this League of Nations!


Okay let me get permission from my

congress

Republicans Not There?So Henry Cabot Lodge can we

join the League Of Nations please?

Republicans Not There?No, and how come you didn’t take any of us republicans? We are the

majority of congress…


Aww man….


Okay I’ll go tell them….


Sorry guys… I can’t join the League of Nations…

Republicans Not There?Don’t worry about it

USA, but it won’t be the same without you…


From that day forward the Earth fell into a great period of peace and love……..


THE END

Back to Not There?

Treaty of Versailles Class PlayActor Student

1 Narrator #1 1

2 Narrator #2 2

3 Narrator #3 3

4 Narrator #4 4

5 USA (Wilson) 5

6 Britain (George) 6

7 France (Clemenceau) 7

8 Italy (Orlando) 8

9 Japan (Imperial Delegates) 9

10 China (Chinese Delegation) 10

11 Germany (not invited) 11

12 Russia (not invited) 12

13) Yugoslavia (Bosnia) 13

14) Serbia 14

15) Croatia 15

16) Pan African (Dubois & B. Diagne)

16

17) Arab Nationalist 17

18) Syria 18

Period ?

Actor Student19) Bolsheviks (Reds) 1

20) Whites 20

21) Czar Loyalists 21

22) Iraq 22

23) Zionist (Weizmann) 23

24) Senator Lodge 24

Period 2

Period 3

Period 4

Period 5

Period 6Back to Worksheet


1 Narrator #1 1

2 Narrator #2 2

3 Narrator #3 3

4 Narrator #4 4

5 USA (Wilson) 5



8 Italy (Orlando) 8






14) Serbia 14

15) Croatia 15


16


18) Syria 18

Period 2


20) Whites 20


22) Iraq 22



Back to Worksheet


1 Narrator #1 1

2 Narrator #2 2

3 Narrator #3 3

4 Narrator #4 4

5 USA (Wilson) 5



8 Italy (Orlando) 8






14) Serbia 14

15) Croatia 15


16


18) Syria 18

Period 3


20) Whites 20


22) Iraq 22



Back to Worksheet


1 Narrator #1 1

2 Narrator #2 2

3 Narrator #3 3

4 Narrator #4 4

5 USA (Wilson) 5



8 Italy (Orlando) 8






14) Serbia 14

15) Croatia 15


16


18) Syria 18

Period 4


20) Whites 20


22) Iraq 22



Back to Worksheet


1 Narrator #1 1

2 Narrator #2 2

3 Narrator #3 3

4 Narrator #4 4

5 USA (Wilson) 5



8 Italy (Orlando) 8






14) Serbia 14

15) Croatia 15


16


18) Syria 18

Period 5


20) Whites 20


22) Iraq 22



Back to Worksheet


1 Narrator #1 1

2 Narrator #2 2

3 Narrator #3 3

4 Narrator #4 4

5 USA (Wilson) 5



8 Italy (Orlando) 8






14) Serbia 14

15) Croatia 15


16


18) Syria 18

Period 6


20) Whites 20


22) Iraq 22



Back to Worksheet

Japan

China

UK

US

A

France

Italy

FRONT TABLE

Oscar

Front DeskDoor Door

Podium

Rus

sia

Ger

man

y

China

Japan

UKUSA

France

Italy

Red

Rus

sia

CzarLoyalist

Ger

man

y

White

Aus

tria

Pol

and

Iraq

Hun

gary

Palestine

Syria Bosnia

Arab Nationalist

WEBDuBois

Zionist

Ottoman

SenatorLodge

SerbiaYugo-Slavia

Belgium

Croat

Blaise Diagne

FRONT TABLE

Oscar

Front Desk

Podium

Mr P’s Desk

Door Door

Back to Worksheet

1

Back to Worksheet

Enlarge

Wilson

George

2

Back to Worksheet

2

Back to WorksheetEnlarge map

3

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Enlarge

Enlarge

Monroe Doctrine

http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/chin1910.htm

http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/euro1900.htm

http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/1910-usa.htm

http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/afri1914.htm

4

Back to WorksheetMap of Europe in 1914 & 1919

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Issue of Secret

Treaties?

In Favor Against

5

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6

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7

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8

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9

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10

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11

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12

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13

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14

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15

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Enlarge pictures

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LN_member_states_animation.gif

16

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German Punishment

17

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17

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RePlay Questions on the WWI Play

BASIC THINKERS

1) Who were the Big 4? 1) Why was the peace flawed from the start?

2) Who was NOT invited? 2) Why were they NOT invited?

3) What ideas caused conflict at the meetings? 3) Why were some ideas a conflict?

4) Name groups inside Yugoslavia 4) What complex problems faced Yugoslavia?

5) What was the Pan African Congress? 5) What hypocrisy did Pan Africans point out?

6) Who had mandates in the old Ottoman Empire? 6) Why did they get the mandates? What reasons were given?

7) Name the areas to be controlled in the Middle East

7) What issues did locals have with decisions made for ruling the Middle East?

8) What is a Zionist? 8) What was good & bad about the Zionist movement?

9) What does ratify mean? 9) Why didn’t the US ratify the peace treaty?

10) What were the conditions of German punishment?

10) What was wrong with the punishment?

11) Vocab to know – Mandate, Ratify, Reparations, Self-Determination, League of Nations, 14 Points, Collective Security, Armistice, Treaty of Versailles

11) People – Wilson, George, Clemenceau, Orlando, Lenin, Senator Lodge, Yugoslavs, Arabs, Zionists, Russians, Japanese, Chinese

Pan Africans, Germans Back to Worksheet

Paris 1919

Back

Enlarged Russian Civil War Map

Back

PALESTINE MAPS

Back 12

DISAPPEARING PALESTINE MAPS

Back 12

HOMELEAND: AS SOME SEE IT

Back 12

Back

Sunni20%

Shia65%

Kurds15%

US & Treaty of VersaillesAgainst For

RepublicanSenator Lodge

DemocratPresident Wilson

Back to Play


League Members Non-Members Mandates Imperial Colony

Unless the US joins the League, there will be no

lasting peace!

League of Nations

Back



League of Nations

Joining the League will tie up American power! The American military will be committed to following

decisions by the League and not the American

people. This is unconstitutional!

Back


US President Wilson

Back

http://www.ahistoryteacher.com/~ahistory/apwhreview/images/9/93/14_Points.gif

1

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Wilson

Back

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk is cancelled at Paris Peace Conference. Germany will NOT get the land in Eastern Europe!

New nations will be formed in this area (like Finland, Baltic States, Poland, etc.)

Back

Cancel Brest-Litovsk Treaty

Back

Treaty – Expanded Germany Canceling Treaty – Shrunk Germany

PRE & POST WWI MAP

Back

Europe Map Pre & Post WWI

Back

Imperial Germany World Map

Back to Play p17

Back to Play p3





May 4th Movement & Japanese Sphere of Influence

May 4th Movement – “China for Chinese!”Chinese Protest Western Powers

decision to give up their (land) to Japan.

Japanese Sphere of InfluenceJapan felt land was due to them b/c of

Secret Treaty of London.

US President WilsonStrongly against secret treaties and giving land to Japan.

Tension between Japan & US – Prelude to WWII?

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USA’s Monroe Doctrine & Japanese Sphere of Influence?

Monroe Doctrine Europeans & others stay out of South America. It is the USA’s backyard – Sphere of Influence

Japanese Sphere of InfluenceSince US claimed influence to South America,

Japanese felt it should have the same in Asia.

US President WilsonStrongly against secret treaties and giving land to Japan.

Tension between Japan & US – Prelude to WWII? Back

to play

German Punishment

Down with the Power Peace!

Demilitarize – No Military! Downsized – Land taken.

Reparations – money owed for war damages

$33 Billion

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German Demilitarization

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A Flawed Peace







5. How was Wilson’s Fourteenth Points incorporated into the treaty? (p.372)The legacy of Versailles was one of bitterness and loss.







NOT HERE!!!!!

WW1 1914-1918

1E

2 G6

C

7D 8

5B

9

A 3

4

FH

1) 6) A) F)

2) 7) B) G)

3) 8) C) H)

4) 9) D)

5) E)Countries Cities

Assign #3FRONT

The Big 4

A Flawed Peace1. What were the guiding principles of Wilson’s Fourteen Points?

Granting self-determination, and establishing a world peace organization.

2. What were the concerns and aims of France and Britain?



3. In what ways did the treaty punish Germany?

4. How did the treaty change the world map?

5. How was Wilson’s Fourteenth Point incorporated into the treaty?


6. Why did the United States reject the treaty?

7. How did this rejection affect the league of nations?

8. Why did many countries feel bitter and cheated as a result of the treaty?




Britain and France were concerned with national security, stripping Germany of its war-making power, and punishing Germany.










German Punishment




$33 Billion

Backto play








Germany lost substantial territory, had severe restrictions placed on its military operations, and was forced to acknowledge War Guilt” and pay reparations to the Allies. $33,000,000,000 = 1918 or today = $2,700,000,000,000














Germany lost substantial territory, had severe restrictions placed on its military operations, and was forced to acknowledge War Guilt” and payreparations to the Allies. $33,000,000,000

4. How did the treaty change the world map.

New countries were created from the Austrian-Hungarian Empire; Ottoman lands in the Southwest Asia were carved up into mandates rather than independent nations; Finland






14th Point - League of Nations




Britain and France were concerned with national security, stripping Germany of its war-making power, and punshing Germany.




Germany lost substantial territory, had severe restrictions placed on its military operations, and was forced to acknowledge War Guilt” and pay reparations to the Allies. $33,000,000,000




The treaty created the League of Nations, on international association whose goal was to keep peace among nations.








Back to Play















Many Americans objected to the League of Nations believing that the United States should stay out of European affairs.






Back to Play


Unless the US joins the League, there will be no

lasting peace!

League of Nations

Back


League of Nations

Joining the League will tie up American power! The American military will be committed to following

decisions by the League and not the American

people. This is unconstitutional!

Back

A Flawed Peace1. What were the guiding principles of Wilson’s 14 Points?



Britain and France were concerned with national security, stripping Germany of its war-making power, and pushing Germany.













Without U.S. support, the League of Nations was unable to take action on various complaints of Nations around the world.


German Punishment




$33 Billion

Backto play

A Flawed Peace1. What were the guiding principles of Wilson’s 14Points?

Granting self-determination, and establishing a world peace organization = League of Nations.


Britain and France were concerned with national security, stripping Germany of its war-making power, and pushing Germany.













Without U.S. support, the League of Nations was unable to take action on various complaints of Nations around the world.


The war guilt clause left a legacy of hatred among the Germans; Africans and Asians were angry that their desire for independence was ignored.

Post War BitternessBritish offer India Independence,

if they help allies. India helps, but Brits rescind offer Germans do NOT like

War Guilt Clause in Treaty

Chinese mad at Secret Treaties which gave Japan Chinese land.

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wwi flawed peace

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treaty changethe world

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wilsons goal