WWI and U.S. Involvement

Bryon Grossenbacher

Origins of WWI

• Bosnia was annexed by Austria

• Russia angered & Serbia reacts

• June 28, 1914 Ferdinand assassinated

• July 23 – Austrian ultimatum to Serbia

• Serbia refuses ultimatum

• July 28 – Austria declares war on Serbia

http://raven.cc.ukans.edu

www.worldwar1.com

Gavrilo Princip

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Alliances• 1881 - German and Austrian

alliance• 1904 - French and Russian

alliance• British give their word to

Entente• 1914 – German and Turkish

alliance• 1915 – Italy enters formally

with allies

Dates War Declared

July 28, 1914 Austria declares war on Serbia

August 3, 1914 Germany declares war on France

August 1, 1914 Germany declares war on Russia

August 4, 1914 Britain declares war on Germany

April 6, 1917 U.S. declares war on Germany

Origins of U.S. Entry

• May 7, 1915 – Lucitania sunk.

• Jan 16, 1917 – Zimmerman Telegram.

• April 6, 1917 – U.S. declares war.

• Oct. 1917 – U.S. troops land in Europe.

U.S. Involvement in Battles• May 28, 1918 – Battle of Cantigny

– The first sustained American offensive of the war

• June 4, 1918 – Chateau-Thierry retaken

– Tip of German advance towards Paris

– With the assistance of the French Tenth Colonial Division; they succeeded in pushing the Germans back across the Marne to Jauglonne.

• July 15, 1918 – 2nd Battle of the Marne

– Allied forces push Germans back, German officials believe war is lost.

• Sep. 12, 1918 – Battle of St. Mihiel

– The first major attack planned and executed by the AEF (American Expeditionary Force).

• Oct. 1918 – Battle of the Argonne

– The end for the Germans.

http://raven.cc.ukans.edu

Modern WarfareTanks

Submarines

Gas WarfareAirplanes

Artillery

www.worldwar1.com

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Machine Gun

www.worldwar1.com

Trench Warfare

• WWI introduced trench warfare

• From North Sea to Switzerland

• No Man’s Land

• Conditions (mud, rats,

disease)

www.worldwar1.com

Images of Destruction

http://news.bbc.co.uk

Images of Destruction

http://raven.cc.ukans.edu

Images of Destruction

http://raven.cc.ukans.edu

Images of Destruction

www.worldwar1.com

Images of Destruction

www.worldwar1.com

Soldiers and Casualties

• 65 million men and women served

• Estimated 10 million killed

• 20 million wounded

• 115,000 U.S. troops killed

http://news.bbc.co.uk/

http://news.bbc.co.uk/

http://raven.cc.ukans.edu

The Fourteen Points

• Issued by President Woodrow Wilson

• January 8, 1918

• Unselfish peace and disarmament

• Two Purposes:

• 1) Shorten WWI by influencing powerful people

• 2) Provide framework for peace discussions

www.whitehouse.gov

Treaty of Versailles

•June 28, 1919 – Treaty signed

•Germany not present while decisions made

•“Big Four” make major decisions

•Territory and reparations from Germany

•U.S. never ratifies Treaty of Versailles

•League of Nations created at Versailleshttp://history.acusd.edu

Llyod George, Orlando, Clemenceau, Wilson

Pictures Sources

• http://raven.cc.ukans.edu/

• www.worldwar1.com

• www.pbs.org/greatwar/

• http://news.bbc.co.uk

• www.whitehouse.gov

• http://history.acusd.edu

• http://users.erols.com