THE FIRST URBAN CHURCHES 3 EPHESUS

SBL Pres

s

WRITINGS FROM THE GRECO-ROMAN WORLD SUPPLEMENT SERIES

Clare K. Rothschild, General Editor

Number 9

SBL Pres

s

THE FIRST URBAN CHURCHES 3 EPHESUS

Edited by

James R. Harrison and L. L. Welborn

SBL Pres

s

Copyright © 2018 by SBL Press

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permit-ted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the Rights and Permissions Office, SBL Press, 825 Hous-ton Mill Road, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

First urban churches / edited by James R. Harrison and L. L. Welborn.volumes cm. — (Society of Biblical Literature. Writings from the Greco-Roman world Supplement series ; Number 7)

Includes bibliographical references.Contents: 1. Methodological foundations.

ISBN 978-1-62837-102-4 (v. 1 : pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-62837-104-8 (v. 1 : ebook) — ISBN 978-1-62837-103-1 (v. 1 : hardcover : alk. paper)ISBN 978-0-88414-111-2 (v. 2 : pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-88414-112-9 (v. 2 : ebook) — ISBN 978-0-88414-113-6 (v. 2 : hardcover : alk. paper)ISBN 978-0-88414-234-8 (v. 3 : pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-88414-235-5 (v. 3 : ebook) — ISBN 978-0-88414-236-2 (v. 3 : hardcover : alk. paper)

1. City churches. 2. Church history—Primitive and early church, ca. 30–600. 3. Cities and towns—Religious aspects—Christianity. I. Harrison, James R., 1952– editor.

BV637.F57 2015270.109173'2—dc23 2015021858

Printed on acid-free paper.

Atlanta

SBL Pres

s

Contents

Abbreviations ...................................................................................................vii

An Epigraphic Portrait of Ephesus and Its VillagesJames R. Harrison ......................................................................................1

An Ephesian Tale: Mystery Cults, Reverse Theological Engineering, and the Triumph of Christianity in Ephesus

Guy MacLean Rogers ...............................................................................69

The Jewish Community in Ephesus and Its Interaction with Christ-Believers in the First Century CE and Beyond

Paul Trebilco .............................................................................................93

Acclaiming Artemis in Ephesus: Political Theologies in Acts 19Bradley J. Bitner ......................................................................................127

The Gladiator Graveyard of Ephesus as Evidence for the Study of Martyrdom

Mikael Haxby ..........................................................................................171

Ἐκκλησία in Ephesians as Godlike in the Heavens, in Temple, in γάμος, and in Armor: Ideology and Iconography in Ephesus and Its Environs

Fredrick J. Long ......................................................................................193

From Zeus or by Endoios? Acts 19:35 as a Peculiar Assessment of the Ephesian Artemis

Stephan Witetschek ................................................................................235SBL Pres

s

Ephesian Cultic Officials, Their Benefactors, and the Quest for Civic Virtue: Paul’s Alternative Quest for Status in the Epistle to the Ephesians

James R. Harrison ..................................................................................253

Ephesus and the Numismatic Background to νεωκόροςMichael P. Theophilos ............................................................................299

Contributors ...................................................................................................333Primary Sources Index .................................................................................337Modern Authors Index .................................................................................355

vi Contents

SBL Pres

s

Abbreviations

Primary Sources

1 Apol. Justin, Apologia 11 Macc 1 Maccabees1QM War Scroll1QpHab Pesher Habakkuk2 Bar. 2 BaruchAd Aen. Servius, Ad AeneidAgalm. Porphyry, Peri agalmatōnAg. Ap. Josephus, Against ApionAnn. Tacitus, AnnalesAnt. Josephus, Jewish AntiquitiesAnth. Gr. Anthologia GraecaAnt. rom Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates romanaeApoc. Sedr. Apocalypse of SedrachApol. Lucian, ApologiaArs Horace, Ars poeticaAstr. Manilius, AstronomicaAug. Seneca, Divus augusta; Suetonius, Divus AugustusBel Bel and the DragonBen. Seneca, De beneficiis Car. Historia Augusta, CaracallaCarm. Catullus, CarminaClem. Seneca, De clementiaComp. Galen, De comparanda medicinaConc. Apam. Dio Chrysostom, De Concordia cum Apamensibus

(Or. 40)Dei cogn. Dio Chrysostom, De dei cognition (Or. 12)Deipn. Athenaeus, DeipnosophistaiDescr. Pausanias, Graeciae descriptio

-vii -SBL P

ress

Diatr. Musonius Rufus, DiatribaiDiogn. DiognetusEp. Martial, Epigrams; Seneca, Epistulae moralesEph. Ignatius, Letter to the EphesiansEpict. diss. Arrian, Epicteti dissertationesFug. Philo, De fuga et inventioneGeog. Dionysius Periegetes, Geographical Description of

the Inhabited World; Strabo, GeographicaGeor. Vergil, GeorgicaHist. Livy, Historia RomaeHist. Alex. Q. Curtius Rufus, Historiae Alexandri Magni Mace-

donensisHist. Aug. Historia AugustaHist. eccl. Eusebius, Historia ecclesiasticaHist. rom. Cassius Dio, Historia Romana; Velleius, Historia

RomanaHom. Act. John Chrysostom, Homiliae in Acta apostolorumInst. Quintilian, Institutio oratoriaIph. taur. Euripides, Iphigenia tauricaJ.W. Josephus, Jewish WarLeg. Athenagoras, Legatio pro Christianis; Cicero, De leg-

ibusLegat. Philo, Legatio ad GaiumLeuc. Clit. Achilles Tatius, Leucippe et ClitophonLing. Varro, De lingua latinaLXX SeptuagintMagn. Ignatius, Letter to the MagnesiansMart. Tertullian, Ad martyrasMart. Pol. Martyrdom of PolycarpMetam. Apuleius, Metamorphoses; Ovid, MetamorphosesMos. Philo, De vita MosisMT Masoretic TextNat. Pliny, Naturalis historiaNat. d. Cicero, De natura deorumOnom. Julius Pollux, OnomasticonOr. Dio Chrysostom, OrationesPeregr. Lucian, De morte peregriniPers. Aeschylus, PersaePhld. Ignatius, Letter to the Philadelphians

viii Abbreviations

SBL Pres

s

Praem Philo, De praemiis et poenisPraep. ev. Praeparatio evangelicaPs. Sol Psalms of SolomonQG Questions and Answers on GenesisRep. Cicero, De republicaRhod. Dio Chrysostom, Rhodiaca (Or. 31)Sat. Horace, Satirae; Persius, SatiraeSatyr. Petronius, SatyriconSib. Or. Sibylline OraclesSpec. Philo, De specialibus legibusSpect. Tertullian, De spectaculisStoic. rep. Plutarch, De Stoicorum repugnantiisStrat. Polyaenus, StratagemataT. Benj. Testament of BenjaminT. Job Testament of JobTheb. Statius, ThebaidTib. Suetonius, TiberiusTob TobitTranq. Seneca, De tranquillitate animiTroph. dyn. Galen, Peri trophon dynameosTu. san. Plutarch, De tuenda sanitate praeceptaVesp. Aristophanes, VespaeVit. beat. Seneca, De vita beataWis Wisdom of Solomon

Secondary Sources

AAMS Advances in Archaeological and Museum ScienceAB Anchor BibleABD Freedman, David Noel, ed. Anchor Bible Dictionary.

6 vols. New York: Doubleday, 1992.AC L’antiquité classiqueACS American Classical StudiesADRA Association pour la diffusion de la recherche sur

l’AntiquiteAGJU Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums

und des UrchristientumsAGROS Accessible Greek Resources and Online StudiesAIIN Annali dell'Istituto Italiano di Numismatica

Abbreviations ix

SBL Pres

s

AJA American Journal of ArchaeologyAJEC Ancient Judaism and Early ChristianityAK Archiv für KulturgeschichteANF Roberts, Alexander, and James Donaldson. The

Ante-Nicene Fathers: Translations of the Writings of the Fathers down to A.D. 325. 10 vols. Buffalo: Christian Literature, 1885–1887.

ANRW Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Part 2, Principat. Edited by Hildegard Temporini and Wolfgang Haase. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1972–.

ANSMN American Numismatic Society Museum NotesAntichthon Antichthon: Journal of the Australian Society for

Classical StudiesAÖAWPH Anzeiger der Österreichischen Akademie der Wis-

senschaften—philosophisch-historischen KlasseAPSP American Philosophical Society ProceedingsAR Archiv für ReligionswissenschaftArch ArchaeologyASV American Standard VersionAZGKJ Aschkenas: Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur

der JudenBA Biblical ArchaeologistBAGD Bauer, Walter, William F. Arndt, F. Wilbur Gingrich,

and Frederick W. Danker. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

BAR Biblical Archaeology ReviewBASOR Bulletin of the American School of Oriental ResearchBBR Bulletin for Biblical ResearchBCH Bulletin de correspondance helléniqueBDAG Danker, Frederick W., Walter Bauer, William F.

Arndt, and F. Wilbur Gingrich. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

BDF Blass, Friedrich, Albert Debrunner, and Robert

x Abbreviations

SBL Pres

s

W. Funk. A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961.

BECNT Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament

BEFAR Bibliothèque des ecoles francaises d’Athènes et de Rome

BEHEH Bibliothèque de l’École des hautes etudes, ive section: Sciences historiques et philologiques

BerMatÖAI Berichte und Materialen herausgegeben vom Öster-reichischen Archäologischen Institut

BETL Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovaniensium

BHGNT Baylor Handbook on the Greek New TestamentBHL Blackwell Handbooks in LinguisticsBib BiblicaBIS Biblical Interpretation SeriesBJS Brown Judaic StudiesBKG Bilkent Kültür GirişimiBMC Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum.

Edited by Harold Mattingly and R. A. G. Robert Andrew Glindinning Carson. 6 vols. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1923–1962.

BNTC Blackwell’s New Testament CommentariesBP The Bible and PostcolonialismBS Mazar, Benjamin, Moshe Schwabe, Baruch Lifshitz,

and Nahman Avigad, eds. Beth Sheʿarim. English ed. 3 vols. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1973–1976.

BSGRE Brill Studies in Greek and Roman EpigraphyBSL Biblical Studies LibraryBTB Biblical Theology BulletinBTS Biblical Tools and StudiesBTTK Belleten Türk Tarih KurumuBZ Biblische ZeitschriftBZNW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche

WissenschaftCAH Cambridge Ancient HistoryCBET Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology

Abbreviations xi

SBL Pres

s

CBQ Catholic Biblical QuarterlyCCCHBulg Coin Collections and Coin Hoards from BulgariaCCR Cambridge Companions to ReligionCCS Cincinnati Classical StudiesCCSA Corpus Christianorum: Series ApocryphorumCGCI Head, Barclay V. Catalogue of the Greek Coins of

Ionia. Edited by Reginald Stuart Poole. A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum 14. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1892. Coins referenced are in the Ephesus section.

CH Church HistoryCIG Boeckh, August, ed. Corpus inscriptionum graeca-

rum. 4 vols. Berlin: Akademie der Wissenschaften. 1828-1877.

CIL Mommsen, Theodor, et al., eds. Corpus Inscriptio-num Latinarum. Berlin: Reimerus, 1862–.

CIRC Cambridge Introduction to Roman CivilizationCJ Classical JournalCL Collection LatomusCNT Commentaire du Nouveau TestamentColloq ColloquiumCOMES Civitatum Orbis Mediterranei StudiaConBNT Coniectanea Biblica: New Testament SeriesCPJ Tcherikover, Victor A, Alexander Fuks, and

Menachem Stern, eds., with an epigraphical contribution by David M. Lewis. Corpus Papyrorum Iudaicarum. 3 vols. Jerusalem: Hebrew University; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1957–1964.

CQ Catholic QuarterlyCSJud Studies in Christianity and Judaism/Études sur le

christianisme et le judaïsmeDEAR Ruggiero, Ettore de, ed. Dizionario epigráfico di

antichità romane. 4 vols. Rome: Pasqualucci, 1895–1919.

DNP Cancik, Hubert, and Helmuth Schneider. Der neue Pauly: Enzyklopädie der Antike. 16 vols. Stuttgart: Metzler, 1996–2003.

xii Abbreviations

SBL Pres

s

DocsAug Ehrenberg, Victor, and A. H. M. Jones, eds. Documents Illustrating the Reigns of Augustus and Tiberius. Oxford: Clarendon, 1949.

DRB Douay-Rheims BibleEBib Etudes bibliquesEC Early ChristianityECAM Early Christianity in Asia MinorEHS.G Europäische Hochschulschriften, Reihe 3,

Geschichte und ihre Hilfswissenschaften.EIL Wilmanns, Gustavus. Exempla inscriptionum Lati-

narum in usum praecipue academicum. 2 vols. Berlin: Weidmannos, 1873.

EJÖAI Ergänzungshefte zu den Jahresheften des Öster-reichischen Archäologischen Institutes

EKKNT Evangelisch-Katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament

EP Evangelical PerspectivesESV English Standard VersionETSP E. Togo Salmon PapersFBBS Facet Books, Biblical SeriesFES Oberlietner, Wolfgang, ed. Funde aus Ephesos und

Samothrake. Vol. 2 of Katalog der Antikensamm-lung. Vienna: Kunsthistorisches Museum, 1978.

FiE Forschungen in EphesosFSI Forensic Science InternationalGCRW Greek Culture in the Roman WorldGRBS Greek, Roman, and Byzantine StudiesGSCLA Gorgias Studies in Classical and Late AntiquityGW God’s Word TranslationHAG Homer Archaeological GuidesHCSB Holman Christian Standard BibleHistoria Historia: Zeitschrift für alte GeschichteHMCH Hidryma Meletōn Chersonēsou tou HaimouHS Hellenic StudiesHSCP Harvard Studies in Classical PhilologyHTR Harvard Theological ReviewHTS Harvard Theological StudiesHUT Hermeneutische Untersuchungen zur Theologie

Abbreviations xiii

SBL Pres

s

xiv Abbreviations

HvTSt Hervormde Teologiese Studies (HTS Teologiese Stud-ies/HTS Theological Studies)

Hypomnemata Hypomnemata: Untersuchungen zur Antike und zu ihrer Nachleben

IAG Moretti, Luigi. Iscrizioni agonistiche greche. Rome: Signorelli, 1953.

IBM The Collection of Ancient Greek Inscriptions in the British Museum. 4 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1874–1916.

ICC International Critical CommentaryIEph Wankel, Hermann, et al., eds. Die Inschriften von

Ephesos. 8 vols. in 11. IK 11–17. Bonn: Habelt, 1979–1984.

IErythrai Engelmann, Helmut, and Reinhold Merkelbach. Die Inschriften von Erythrai und Klazomenai. IK 1. Bonn: Habelt, 1972.

IF Istanbuler ForschungenIFS In the Footsteps of the SaintsIG Inscriptiones Graecae. Editio Minor. Berlin: de

Gruyter, 1924–.IJHS International Journal of the History of SportIJO Noy, David, et al., eds. Inscriptiones Judaicae Ori-

entis. 3 vols. TSAJ 99, 101, 102. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2004.

IK Inschriften griechischer Städte aus KleinasienIKyme Engelmann, Helmut, ed. Die Inschriften von Kyme.

IK 5. Bonn: Habelt, 1976IMagnMai Kern, Otto. Die Inschriften von Magnesia am Mean-

der. Berlin: Spemann, 1900.IPergamon Fränkel, Max, and Christian Habicht, eds. Die

Inschriften von Pergamon. 2 vols. Altertümer von Pergamon 8. Berlin: Spemann, 1890–1895.

IPriene Blümel, Wolfgang, and Reinhold Merkelbach, eds., in collaboration with Frank Rumscheid. Inschriften von Priene. IK 69. Berlin: Habelt, 1906.

ISmyrna Petzl, Georg, ed. Die Inschriften von Smyrna. 2 vols. in 3 parts. IK 23–24. Bonn: Habelt, 1982–1990.SBL P

ress

Abbreviations xv

IStratonikeia Şahin, Mehmet Çetin, ed. Die Inschriften von Stra-tonikeia. 2 vols. in 3 parts. IK 21–22. Bonn: Habelt, 1981–1990.

ITS International Theological StudiesJAC Jahrbuch für Antike und ChristentumJASP Jutland Archaeological Society PublicationsJBL Journal of Biblical LiteratureJDAI Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen InstitutsJETS Journal of the Evangelical Theological SocietyJGRChJ Journal of Greco-Roman Christianity and JudaismJHS Journal of Hellenic StudiesJL Jerome LecturesJNAA Journal of the Numismatic Association of AustraliaJNG Jahrbuch für Nümismatik und GeldgeschichteJÖAI Jahreshefte des Österreichischen archäologischen

InstitutsJRA Journal of Roman ArchaeologyJRASup Journal of Roman Archaeology SupplementJRS Journal of Roman StudiesJRSM Journal of Roman Studies MonographsJSH Journal of Sport HistoryJSJSup Supplements to the Journal for the Study of JudaismJSNT Journal for the Study of the New TestamentJSNTSup Journal for the Study of the New Testament

Supplement SeriesJSOT Journal for the Study of the Old TestamentJTS Journal of Theological StudiesKEK Kritisch-exegetischer Kommentar über das Neue

TestamentKernosSup Kernos SupplementKJV King James VersionKTAH Key Themes in Ancient HistoryLBS Linguistic Biblical StudiesLCL Loeb Classical LibraryLNTS The Library of New Testament StudiesLP Thomasson, Bengt E. Laterculi praesidum. 3 vols.

Götteborg: Radius, 1984–1990.SBL Pres

s

xvi Abbreviations

LSJ Liddell, Henry George, Robert Scott, Henry Stuart Jones. A Greek-English Lexicon. 9th ed. with revised supplement. Oxford: Clarendon, 1996.

MAII Missione archeologica Italiana di IasosMAMA Calder, W. M., Alan Cameron, J. Cullen, and

Barbara Levick, eds. Monumenta Asiae Minoris antiqua. London: Manchester University Press; Longmans, Green, 1928–.

MedAnt Mediterraneo AnticoMEFR Mélanges de l‘École française de RomeMnemSup Mnemosyne bibl iotheca classica Batava

supplementumMONG Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Numismatischen

GesellschaftNA28 Novum Testamentum Graece, Nestle-Aland, 28th ed.NASB New American Standard BibleNC The Numismatic ChronicleNEA Near Eastern ArchaeologyNedTT Nederlandsch theologisch tijdschriftNET New English TranslationNewDocs Horsley, Greg H. R., and Stephen Llewelyn, eds.

New Documents Illustrating Early Christianity. North Ryde, NSW: The Ancient History Documen-tary Research Centre, Macquarie University, 1981–.

NHMS Nag Hammadi and Manichaean StudiesNICNT New International Commentary on the New

TestamentNIDNTTE Silva, Moises, ed. New International Dictionary of

New Testament Theology and Exegesis. 2nd ed. 5 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2014.

NIV New International VersionNLT New Living TranslationNovT Novum TestamentumNovTSup Supplements to Novum TestamentumNR Numismatique romaineNTL New Testament LibraryNTOA Novum Testamentum et Orbis AntiquusNTS New Testament StudiesNTSR New Testament for Spiritual ReadingSBL P

ress

Abbreviations xvii

NZ Numismatische ZeitschriftÖAI Österreichisches Archäologisches InstitutÖAW Österreichischen Akademie der WissenschaftenOCM Oxford Classical MonographsÖFN Österreichische Forschungsgesellschaft für Numis-

matikOGIS Dittenberger, Wilhelm. Orientis graeci inscriptiones

selectae. 2 vols. Leipzig: Hirzel, 1903–1905.OLD Glare, P. G. W., ed. Oxford Latin Dictionary.

Oxford: Clarendon, 1982.Paradosis Paradosis: Contributions to the History of Early

Christian Literature and TheologyPBSR Papers of the British School at RomePaideia Paideia: Commentaries on the New TestamentPG Migne, Jacques-Paul, ed. Patrologia Graeca [=

Patrologiae Cursus Completus: Series Graeca]. 162 vols. Paris: Migne, 1857–1886.

PIR Prosopographia Imperii Romani Saeculorum I. II. III. 3 vols. 2nd ed. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1933.

P.Lond. Kenyon, Frederic George, H. I. Bell, and Walter Ewing Crum, eds. Greek Papyri in the British Museum. 7 vols. London: British Museum, 1893–1917.

P.Magd. Lesquier, Jean, ed. Papyrus de Magdola: Réédités d’apres les originaux. Paris: Leroux, 1912.

P.Oxy. Grenfell, Bernard P., et al., eds. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri. London: Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898–.

PW Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Alter-tumswissenschaft. New edition by Georg Wissowa and Wilhelm Kroll. 50 vols. in 84 parts. Stuttgart: Metzler & Druckenmüller, 1894–1980.

QT Quaderni TicineseRAC Klausner, Theodor, et al., eds. Reallexikon für Antike

und Christentum. Stuttgart: Hiersemann, 1950–.RBS Resources for Biblical StudyREG Revue des etudes grecquesRevPhil Revue de philologyRGRW Religions in the Graeco-Roman WorldSBL P

ress

xviii Abbreviations

RIC Mattingly, Harold, ed. The Roman Imperial Coinage. 10 vols. London: Spink, 1923–1994. Citations of volume 2.1 are to the 2nd edition.

RivB Rivista biblica italianaRPC Burnett, Andrew, Michel Amandry, and Pere Pau

Ripollès, eds. Roman Provincial Coinage. London: British Museum Press; Paris: Bibliothèque nationale, 1992–.

RRA Rhetoric of Religious AntiquityR&T Religion and TheologyRSAH Routledge Studies in Ancient HistoryRVV Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche und VorarbeitenSAAA Studies on the Apocryphal Acts of the ApostlesSAPERE Scripta Antiquitatis Posterioris ad Ethicam

Religionemque PertinentiaSBG Studies in Biblical GreekSBLDS Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation SeriesSBLSP Society of Biblical Literature Seminar PapersSBS Stuttgarter BibelstudienSCJud Studies in Christianity and JudaismSCO Studi classici e orientaliSEG Supplementum epigraphicum graecum. Amsterdam:

Gieben, 1923–.SFCB.SP Spätantike—Frühes Christentum—Byzanz, Reihe B:

Studien und PerspektivenSIDA Scripta Instituti Donneriani AboensisSIG Dittenberger, Wilhelm. Sylloge inscriptionum grae-

carum. 3rd ed. 4 vols. Leipzig: Hirzel, 1915–1924.SNGCop Sylloge nummorum Graecorum. The Royal Collection

of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum. 12 vols. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1942–1979.

SNGLewis Carradice, Ian, ed. Lewis Collection in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Vol. 6 of Sylloge nummorum Graecorum. 2 parts. London: Oxford University Press, 1972–1992.

SNGMün Klose, Dietrich O. A., ed. Ionien. Vol. 20 of Sylloge nummorum Graecorum Deutschland: Staatliche Munzsammlung München. Munich: Hirmer, 1995.SBL P

ress

Abbreviations xix

SNGParis Sylloge nummorum Graecorum France: Bibliotheque nationale; Cabinet des médailles. Paris: Bibliothèque Nationale, 1983–.

SNGRighetti Kapossy, Balázs, ed. Katalog der Sammlung Jean-Pierre Righetti im Bernischen Historischen Museum. Vol. 2 of Sylloge nummorum Graecorum Schweiz. Bern: Haupt, 1993.

SNGvA Aulock, Hans von, and Gerhard Kleiner, eds. Sammlung von Aulock. Vol. 1 of Sylloge nummorum Graecorum Deutschland. 18 parts. Berlin: Mann, 1957–1968.

SNTSMS Society for New Testament Studies Monograph.SNTW Studies of the New Testament and Its WorldSP Sacra PaginaSR Studies in ReligionSSR Studies in Rhetoric and ReligionSSRH Sociological Studies in Roman HistoryTAM Kalinka, Ernst, et al., eds. Tituli Asiae Minoris.

Vienna: Hoelder, 1901–.TANZ Texte und Arbeiten zum neutestamentlichen Zeital-

terTAPA Transactions of the American Philological

AssociationTDGR Translated Documents of Greece and RomeTDNT Kittel, Gerhard, and Gerhard Friedrich, eds.

Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. 10 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964–1976.

TENTS Texts and Editions for New Testament StudyTNTC Tyndale New Testament CommentariesTOOSup Topoi Orient-Occident SupplementTSAJ Texte und Studien zum antiken JudentumTU Texte und UntersuchungenTynBul Tyndale BulletinUH Urban HistoryUSQR Union Seminary Quarterly ReviewVING Veröffentlichungen des Institutes für Numismatik

und GeldgeschichteSBL Pres

s

VNK Veröffentlichungen der Numismatischen Kommis-sion

WBC Word Biblical CommentaryWGRWSup Writings from the Greco-Roman World Supplement

SeriesWMANT Wissenschaftliche Monographien zum Alten und

Neuen TestamentWSt Wiener StudienWUNT Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen

TestamentYCS Yale Classical StudiesYLT Young’s Literal TranslationYPA Yearbook of Physical AnthropologyZNW Zeitschrift für die Neutestamentliche Wissenschaft

und die Kunde der älteren KircheZPE Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik

SBL Pres

s