writing the constitution - constitutional convention
TRANSCRIPT
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Writing the Constitution - Constitutional Convention
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55 delegates who created Articles of Confederation meet in Philadelphia in May 1787 to discuss how they could
change or improve Articles of Confederation
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Delegates from every state except Rhode Island were present; they were worried that any changes
would leave them with less power
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George Washington - most respected – elected President of Convention
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Ben Franklin - oldest delegate there (81)
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James Madison, 36, has been doing a lot of research on history, politics and commerce. Is most prepared delegate.
JAMES MADISON
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Madison recorded proceedings of convention to share with future Americans. Refused to publish when he was alive; was
published 4 years after his death in 1840 .
MADISON FAMILY CEMETARY
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Alexander Hamilton, NY, favored strong, central government
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Talks were kept secret (even though hot, windows closed) so delegates could explore every issue without
pressure from public
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Delegates are hopelessly divided . They cannot agree on how to fix Articles,
so they decide to abandon the Articles and write a new constitution
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Virginia makes a proposal known as the Virginia Plan . Drafted by Edmund Randolph and
James Madison which consisted of:
Edmund RandolphJames Madison
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Three braches of government: the legislative, executive and
judicial branches
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1. Legislative Branch would be responsible for writing and passing
laws
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a. Legislative Branch would have two houses
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b. The number of seats/members each state would have in Congress would depend on that state’s
population (small states disliked this)
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2. Executive Branch - enforce /carry out laws passed by Congress
• President: Leader of the country and Commander in Chief of the military.
• Vice President: President of the Senate and becomes President if the President is unable to serve.
• Departments: Department heads advise the President on policy issues and help execute those policies.
• Executive Agencies: Makes regulations to help implement laws.
• Independent Agencies: Help carry out policy or provide special services
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3. Judicial Branch - system of courts to decide if laws are carried out fairly
U.S. Supreme Court - 2013
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Small states object to Virginia Plan
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Small states feared large states could easily outvote them with more members in the houses.
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William Patterson of New Jersey presents small states’
New Jersey Plan which consists of:
William Patterson
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Three braches of government just like the Virginia Plan : the legislative,
executive and judicial branches
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Difference: legislature to have only one house with each state having one
representative in legislature.
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Similarity: Both plans have presented three branches of gov’t.