It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station.-Read It!-Explore It!-Watch It!-Research It!

Answer each of the task card questions on the lab sheet in complete sentences.

Write It! Station Directions

Describe what polarity means in terms of being a property of water?

During the winter, many ponds and lakes freeze over. What properties of water allows the organisms to survive underneath the ice? Explain in detail how this happens.

What is evaporation and how does it contribute to the survival of species?

It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station.-Read It!-Explore It!-Watch It!-Research It!

Each member will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Assess It! section.

Assess It! Station Directions

Which is a good example of the property of water called surface tension?

A. Some organisms are adapted to walk or land on water.

B. Plants are able to survive through capillary action.

C. Ice is less dense than water and floats on the surface.

D. Water evaporates on the surface of our skin to release heat.

Which best illustrates the electrical charge of a water molecule?

A. DensityB. Specific HeatC. EvaporationD. Cohesion and adhesion

Plants are able to use water for survival through a process called capillary action. Which property of water is responsible for this process?

Which answer best describes cohesion?

A. Water is polar which allows molecules to bond together and ‘stick’ to each other.

B. One water molecule is held to another molecule through covalent bonding.

C. Cohesion is the property of water that allows liquid to be changed into gases.

D. Water molecules all have a positive charge and ‘stick’ to each other.

A. B.

D.C.

- -

- - +++

+ -

-

--

Each member of the group will read the passage and answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Read It! section.

It is important to remember that the answers will come directly from the reading passage.

Read It! Station Directions

Cap

illary

Act

ion

Even

if y

ou'v

e ne

ver h

eard

of c

apilla

ry a

ctio

n, it

is st

ill im

porta

nt in

yo

ur lif

e. C

apilla

ry a

ctio

n is

impo

rtant

for m

ovin

g w

ater

(and

all t

he

thin

gs th

at a

re d

issol

ved

in it

) aro

und.

It i

s def

ined

as t

he m

ovem

ent

of w

ater

with

in th

e sp

aces

of a

por

ous m

ater

ial d

ue to

the

forc

es o

f ad

hesio

n, c

ohes

ion,

and

surfa

ce te

nsio

n.

Cap

illary

act

ion

occu

rs be

caus

e w

ater

is st

icky

, tha

nks t

o th

e fo

rces

of

cohe

sion

(wat

er m

olec

ules

like

to st

ay c

lose

toge

ther

) and

adh

esio

n (w

ater

mol

ecul

es a

re a

ttrac

ted

and

stic

k to

oth

er su

bsta

nces

).

Adh

esio

n of

wat

er to

the

wal

ls of

a v

esse

l will

caus

e an

upw

ard

forc

e on

the

liqui

d at

the

edge

s and

resu

lt in

a m

enisc

us w

hich

turn

s up

war

d. T

he su

rface

tens

ion

acts

to h

old

the

surfa

ce in

tact

.

Cap

illary

act

ion

occu

rs w

hen

the

adhe

sion

to th

e w

alls

is st

rong

er

than

the

cohe

sive

forc

es b

etw

een

the

liqui

d m

olec

ules

. Th

e he

ight

to

whi

ch c

apilla

ry a

ctio

n w

ill ta

ke w

ater

in a

uni

form

circ

ular

tube

is

limite

d by

surfa

ce te

nsio

n an

d, o

f cou

rse, g

ravi

ty.

Not

onl

y do

es w

ater

tend

to st

ick

toge

ther

in a

dro

p, b

ut it

also

stic

ks

to g

lass

, clo

th, o

rgan

ic ti

ssue

s, so

il, an

d, lu

ckily

, to

the

fiber

s in

a pa

per

tow

el.

Dip

a p

aper

tow

el in

to a

gla

ss o

f wat

er a

nd th

e w

ater

will

"clim

b" o

nto

the

pape

r tow

el.

In fa

ct, i

t will

keep

goi

ng u

p th

e to

wel

un

til th

e pu

ll of g

ravi

ty is

too

muc

h fo

r it t

o ov

erco

me.

Cap

illary

act

ion

is al

l aro

und

us e

very

day

. Whe

n yo

u sp

ill yo

ur g

lass

of

Bubb

lyBe

rryPo

wer

Go

(whi

ch is

, of c

ourse

, mos

tly w

ater

) on

the

kitc

hen

tabl

e, y

ou ru

sh to

get

a p

aper

tow

el to

wip

e it

up.

First

, you

can

than

k su

rface

tens

ion,

whi

ch k

eeps

the

liqui

d in

a n

ice

pudd

le o

n th

e ta

ble,

in

stea

d of

a th

in fi

lm o

f sug

ary

goo

that

spre

ads o

ut o

nto

the

floor

.

Whe

n yo

u pu

t the

pap

er to

wel

ont

o yo

ur m

ess,

the

liqui

d ad

here

s its

elf

to th

e pa

per f

iber

s and

the

liqui

d m

oves

to th

e sp

aces

bet

wee

n an

d in

side

of th

e fib

ers.

Plan

ts a

nd tr

ees c

ould

n't t

hriv

e w

ithou

t cap

illary

act

ion.

Pla

nts p

ut

dow

n ro

ots i

nto

the

soil w

hich

can

car

ry w

ater

from

the

soil u

p in

to th

e pl

ant.

Wat

er, w

hich

con

tain

s diss

olve

d nu

trien

ts, g

ets i

nsid

e th

e ro

ots

and

star

ts c

limbi

ng u

p th

e pl

ant t

issue

. As w

ater

mol

ecul

e #

1 st

arts

cl

imbi

ng; i

t pul

ls al

ong

wat

er m

olec

ule

#2,

whi

ch, o

f cou

rse, i

s dr

aggi

ng w

ater

mol

ecul

e #

3, a

nd so

on.

Which best describes capillary action?

A. Evaporation allows plants to get rid of excess heat for survival.

B. The specific heat of water maintains an equilibrium in plants.

C. The density of water pushes water up the stems of plants.

D. Water molecules are attracted to each other and stick together.

If water didn’t have cohesive and adhesive properties which outcome is likely?

A. Life on Earth would not exist.B. Plants would adapt find another source

for survival.C. Plants wouldn’t exist but humans would.D. Small plants could still get water, but large

trees would die off.

Capillary action happens when ______________.

A. A plant obtaining water in the ground for survival

B. A paper towel absorbing up a spillC. Plant absorbing CO2 through stomataD. A mop absorbing water from puddle

on the ground

Which is not an example of capillary action?

A. gravity is stronger than adhesionB. adhesion to the wall is stronger than the

cohesive forces between the moleculesC. the surface tension breaks and gravity takes

overD. adhesion to the wall is weaker than the

cohesive forces between the molecules

Each member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1

Complete the task cards in order.

Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Watch It! section of the lab sheet.

Watch It! Station Directions

YouTube https://goo.gl/MkKy7dCloud https://goo.gl/DWQgq

URL is case-sensitive

Describe what a hydrogen bond is.

What is surface tension?

1. Click Play on the video.2. Answer questions from cards

#2-4 on your lab sheet.

YouTube

List two examples from the video of how the properties of water are important to life on Earth.

Each member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1

Complete the task cards in order.

Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Research It! section.

Research It! Station Directions

Go to http://bit.ly/waterpropertiesstation

1. Take the T/F quiz and record your score on the lab sheet.

2. Investigate any answers about water property that you got incorrect and write down the definition of the property in question.

3. Retake the quiz and write your new score.

One member of the group will read the task cards in order. The group will be responsible for completing each of the tasks that are being read.

Each member of the group will then write their conclusions down on the lab sheet in the Explore It! section.

Explore It! Station Directions

1. Place a penny in the center of a clean paper towel or napkin.

2. Use the pipette to add as many drops of pure water to the surface of the penny as you can. Count them as you add.

You will be learning about a few of the properties of water in this exploration.

1. How many drops were you able to add?

2. Why do you think the water doesn’t spill over the penny earlier?

3. Does flipping the coin over change the number of drops? Why?

1. Place a penny in the center of a clean paper towel or napkin.

2. Use the pipette to add as many drops of soapy water to the surface of the penny as you can. Count them as you add.

Now let’s try the same experiment with a different substance.

1. How many drops were you able to add?

2. Was this less ore more than the previous experiment?

3. What do you think caused this change and why?

This is referred to as polarity and allows water molecules to bond to each other through a weak link called a hydrogen bond.

Although water has an overall neutral charge, the actual structure has two slightly positive Hydrogen atoms on one end and one slightly negative Oxygen atom on the other end. The attraction of water to another polar

surface (in this case the penny) is called adhesion.

1. Where else have you seen examples of cohesion and adhesion?

There are two types of ‘stickiness’ happening in this experiment. The attraction between the water molecules is called cohesion.

Soap decreases the surface tension by changing the way the water behaves at the surface.

1. Explain the difference between cohesion and adhesion.

2. Explain what surface tension is.

Cohesion allows for the hydrogen bonds on the surface of the water to create a “skin” which resists external forces. This is called surface tension.

Each member of the group will draw a quick sketch on the lab sheet the shows they understand the concept that is being taught.

Use the colored pencils and markers that are provided.

The directions for the sketch are provided on the task card at the table.

Illustrate It! Station Directions

You will need to do the research station before completing this station.

Draw a model of 4 water molecules that are bonded together.

You will need to color code and label the covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds between the atoms and molecules.

Also label the element that each atom represent (or use a key).

If necessary, use the computer or device to help you with your model.

Illustrate It! Station Directions

It is recommended that you have completed at least twoof the following stations before working at this station.-Read It!-Explore It!-Watch It!-Research It!

Each group will organize the cards. Each of the cards will be used. Once you are complete please have the teacher sign off on your lab sheet.

Please mix up the cards again before the next group arrives at this station.

Organize It! Station Directions