world war ii. the rise of dictators benito mussolini fascist leader of italy italy invaded other...
TRANSCRIPT
World War II
The Rise of Dictators
• Benito Mussolini• Fascist leader of Italy• Italy invaded other
countries under Mussolini
•
The Rise of Dictators
• Adolf Hitler
• Fascist leader of Germany
• Leader of the Nazi Party
• He promised to strengthen Germany’s military and economy
• Stopped making payments for WWI
•
The Rise of Dictators
• Hideki Tojo• Leader of Japan• Japan invaded China• United States blocked
steel from going to Japan, and froze assets
• The embargo is why Japan attacked Pearl Harbor
•
Opposing Forces
• Germany, Italy, and Japan were the Axis Powers
• Great Britain, France, Russia, and eventually the United States were the Allied Powers
War Begins
• Germany invaded Poland in 1939
• Hitler invaded France and then launched the Battle of Britain in an air campaign
Russia
• Russia and leader Joseph Stalin were first on the side of Germany
• Hitler broke alliance and invaded Russia
• Russia then joined the Allied Powers
United States
• Most citizens favored isolationism• Congress passed the Neutrality Acts to keep
U.S. out of war• Lend-Lease Act of 1941- let Roosevelt lend
allies military supplies• German U-boats sank American supply
ships• Roosevelt gave shoot on sight order
Pearl Harbor
• Naval base in Hawaii• U.S. Pacific fleet
stationed at Pearl Harbor
• Base attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941
• 2,300 killed and 19 ships destroyed
•
War
• United States declared war on Japan on December 8, 1941
• Germany and Italy declared war on the United States on December 11th
European Campaign
• War was fought on three continents: Europe, Africa, and Asia
• U.S. invaded North Africa in November 1942
• U.S. bombed German positions before land attack
D-Day
• U.S., Great Britain, and other Allied forces attacked Germany on Omaha Beach in Normandy, France
• Over 600 ships, 175,000 soldiers, and 11,000 airplanes were involved
• Over 2, 500, U.S. soldiers died on D-Day
D-Day
• •
D-Day
•
Battle of the Bulge
• Allied forces moved toward Germany
• U.S. and Britain pushed to Germany from the East and Russia pushed from the West
• Germany made one big push back against the U.S. and Britain at the Battle of the Bulge
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
• Only U.S. president to be elected 4 times as President
• Vacationed in Warm Springs, Georgia at the “Little White House
• He died in Warm Springs on April 12, 1945
• Harry S. Truman became president
War ends in Europe
• Adolf Hitler commits suicide on April 30, 1945
• May 8, 1945, Germany surrenders and this day is called V-E day, for Victory in Europe
• Allies free millions in concentration camps where 11 million people, including 6 million Jews were killed. This is known as the Holocaust.
War in the Pacific
• The U.S. strategy for defeating Japan was called “island hopping.” The U.S. would take one island at a time.
• U.S. bombed major cities in Japan
• President Truman authorizes use of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.
War in the Pacific
• . The reason was so the U.S. would not lose thousands, maybe millions with a land attack of Japan
• Japan surrenders on August 14, 1945. This is known as V-J Day for victory in Japan
WWII facts
• Over 20 million soldiers died and millions more civilians died
• 400, 000 Americans soldiers were killed
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
• Over 300,000 Georgians served in the military during WWII and 7,000 Georgians would die
• Men and women served, but only men saw combat
• Women take over factory jobs, become nurses, build ships and planes, and join the military
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
• Bell Aircraft in Marietta builds B-29 bombers
• Liberty ships were built in Savannah and Brunswick ports
• Georgia farmers grew more cotton, food crops, and peanuts for oil. They provided dairy products and meat for the soldiers.
Georgia’s Military Bases
• Camp Stewart-trained troops with anti-aircraft guns
• Camp Gordon- used for infantry, tank training, and POW camp
• Camp Benning- Home of the First Infantry Division, Airborne training and officer Candidate school for the Army
• Warner Robins Air Force Base- trained soldiers airplane maintenance and other support jobs
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
• Over 14 POW camps
• College campuses used as training facilities
• People planted Victory Gardens
• People rationed gas, meat, rubber tires,sugar and other goods. People sold their scrap metal for the war effort
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
• Children made candles to send to Britain, because many did not have electricity
• The war help Coca-Cola become a global business by serving the U.S. military and building factories in Europe and in the Pacific.
Hiroshima
London
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American Japanese Prisoner Camp
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