World War IIWorld War II

Ch. 23 & 24Ch. 23 & 24

Path to WWIIPath to WWII 1935- Germany re-establishes military 1935- Germany re-establishes military

conscriptionconscription Violation of Treaty of VersaillesViolation of Treaty of Versailles

1936- Germany occupy the Rhineland 1936- Germany occupy the Rhineland (Alsace-Lorraine)(Alsace-Lorraine)

1938- Germany anschluss (union) w/ 1938- Germany anschluss (union) w/ AustriaAustria

1938- 1938- Appeasement by British Prime by British Prime Minister Minister

1938- Germany occupies Sudenland1938- Germany occupies Sudenland 1939- Germany invades Poland1939- Germany invades Poland

Atlantic CharterAtlantic Charter

Signed between US and BritainSigned between US and Britain No territorial gainNo territorial gain No territories changed without No territories changed without

peoples desirepeoples desire Right of people to choose govt.Right of people to choose govt. Abandonment of Nation’s use of Abandonment of Nation’s use of

forceforce

European TheatreEuropean Theatre Wolf PacksWolf Packs Rommel sent to AfricaRommel sent to Africa

Nickname “desert fox”Nickname “desert fox” Meant to reinforce Italian armyMeant to reinforce Italian army

Italy surrendered 1943Italy surrendered 1943 LuftwaffeLuftwaffe

German air forceGerman air force Carpet BombingCarpet Bombing

Large number of bombs scattered over a wide Large number of bombs scattered over a wide areaarea

Memphis BelleMemphis Belle

Major BattlesMajor Battles

Battle of StalingradBattle of Stalingrad Germany Advanced to major railroad in Germany Advanced to major railroad in

Stalingrad in Oct. 1942Stalingrad in Oct. 1942 Russia stood and cut off Germany in Russia stood and cut off Germany in

NovemberNovember 90K Germans surrendered90K Germans surrendered

Operation OverlordOperation Overlord General Eisenhower leaderGeneral Eisenhower leader June 6, 1944 D-Day InvasionJune 6, 1944 D-Day Invasion Hitler believed major offensive to be at Hitler believed major offensive to be at

Chalis, not Normandy.Chalis, not Normandy.

Major BattlesMajor Battles

Battle of the BulgeBattle of the Bulge Counter offensive by Hitler with Counter offensive by Hitler with

Rommel tanks.Rommel tanks. Created a bulge in Allied lines at Created a bulge in Allied lines at

Belgium and Luxembourg.Belgium and Luxembourg.

German SurrenderGerman Surrender

April 30, 1945April 30, 1945 Hitler commits suicide in bunker in BerlinHitler commits suicide in bunker in Berlin May 8, 1945 Final troops surrenderMay 8, 1945 Final troops surrender

V-E DayV-E Day Victory in Europe DayVictory in Europe Day

Yalta ConferenceYalta Conference Germany split into four zonesGermany split into four zones Eastern countries allowed electionsEastern countries allowed elections Russia to enter war against Japan within Russia to enter war against Japan within

three months of surrender.three months of surrender.

Pacific TheaterPacific Theater

Japan bombs Pearl Harbor on Dec. Japan bombs Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941.7, 1941.

Kamikaze AttacksKamikaze Attacks Ultimate pride to sacrifice life by Ultimate pride to sacrifice life by

ramming plane into enemy strapped ramming plane into enemy strapped with bombs with bombs

Bataan Death MarchBataan Death March 70,000 POW’s marched 63 miles.70,000 POW’s marched 63 miles. 7 to 10K died along the march7 to 10K died along the march

Major BattlesMajor Battles Island hoppingIsland hopping

Strategy of attacking and Strategy of attacking and conquering one island at conquering one island at a time before moving on. a time before moving on.

Battle of MidwayBattle of Midway Japan attacked American Japan attacked American

base on island of base on island of Midway.Midway.

Japan had more ships Japan had more ships and carriers.and carriers.

Americans received Americans received advance notice of attack advance notice of attack and were able to defeat and were able to defeat superior force and superior force and crippled the remaining crippled the remaining Japanese fleetJapanese fleet

Battle of Iwo JimaBattle of Iwo Jima Island of Iwo Jima was Island of Iwo Jima was

seen as sacred soil- seen as sacred soil- extension of Japan.extension of Japan.

20,000 Japanese fought 20,000 Japanese fought to the death over to the death over several weeksseveral weeks

Battle of OkinawaBattle of Okinawa Located only 350 miles Located only 350 miles

from mainland Japan.from mainland Japan. Over 110,000 Japanese Over 110,000 Japanese

lost their lives lost their lives attempting to hold onto attempting to hold onto the islandthe island

Manhattan ProjectManhattan Project Tests conducted in Tests conducted in

Los Alamos, NM.Los Alamos, NM. Robert Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer,

Neils Bohr, Enrico Neils Bohr, Enrico Fermi and German Fermi and German defect, Albert Einstein defect, Albert Einstein created atomic bomb.created atomic bomb.

Research conducted Research conducted over 6 years and over 6 years and spent 2 Billion dollarsspent 2 Billion dollars

Decision to drop Atomic Decision to drop Atomic BombBomb

Harry S. Truman became President after FDR’s Harry S. Truman became President after FDR’s death during his fourth consecutive death during his fourth consecutive Presidential term in 1945.Presidential term in 1945.

3 Strategies for Japanese surrender3 Strategies for Japanese surrender Massive InvasionMassive Invasion EmbargoEmbargo Atomic BombAtomic Bomb

Enola GayEnola Gay August 6, 1945 American B-29 dropped Bomb on August 6, 1945 American B-29 dropped Bomb on

Hiroshima killing 80,000Hiroshima killing 80,000 Second Bomb dropped on Nagasaki killing 40,000 on Second Bomb dropped on Nagasaki killing 40,000 on

August 9thAugust 9th

Japan’s SurrenderJapan’s Surrender

V-J DayV-J Day Victory over JapanVictory over Japan August 15, 1945August 15, 1945

Formal Surrender occurred on Sept Formal Surrender occurred on Sept 2, 1945 aboard the USS Missouri2, 1945 aboard the USS Missouri