world war ii 1939-1945. how does wwi lead to wwii? failures of the versailles treaty increased...
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World War II1939-1945
How does WWI lead to WWII?Failures of the Versailles TreatyIncreased Japanese Imperialism Ineffective League of Nations
THE RISE OF DICTATORS IN EUROPE
The War Begins in Europe
Moving Towards WarBreaking down neutrality
◦“Good Neighbor Policy”◦Cash and Carry Act (1939)◦Build up US defenses
Build up forces Selective Training and Service Act
The Threat of the United States
◦Axis was determined to keep the U.S. out of the war
Election of 1940Roosevelt v. Wendell WillkieSame platform – keep out of warVoters chose who they the best55% of votes went to FDR
The Lend-Lease Plan, 1941Lend arms to countries “whose
defense was vital to the United States”
Leant arms to Britain and the Soviet Union
The United States Army was given permission to shoot at German U-boats who wanted to attack the supply ships
The Atlantic CharterWinston Churchill and FDR met to
discuss war aimsFormed the basis of a
“Declaration of the United Nations
Official orders to shoot U-boats on sight in response to Germany attacking a U.S. Naval Ship
Japan and the United States
Why does Japan attack the United States?
The Attack on Pearl HarborDecember 7,
1941
FDR’s Speech to Congress
Text of Speech Yesterday, Dec. 7, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America
was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still
in conversation with the government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.
Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleagues delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.
It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.
The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. Very many American lives have been lost. In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.
Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya. Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong. Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam. Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands. Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island. This morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.
Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.
As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.
Always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us. No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion,
the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.
I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again.
Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.
With confidence in our armed forces - with the unbounding determination of our people - we will gain the inevitable triumph - so help us God.
I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, Dec. 7, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.
MOBILIZING THE PUBLIC
How does this compare/contrast to the home front during WWI?
Your Number was Called!
Calling all women!
Rosie the Riveter
In the factory
In the military
Nursing
Female War Photographers
Sale of Victory Bonds
Ration Cards
Propaganda Posters4 Types:
◦Recruitment Guilt Duty
◦Sacrifice◦Financing◦Dehumanizing the Enemy
Recruitment
7 Future American Presidents Views of the World Were
Formed by Their Service in World War II
7 Future American Presidents Views of the World Were
Formed by Their Service in World War II
Sacrifice
Financing the War
Dehumanizing the Enemy
War Entertainment
Abbott & Costello: “Buck Privates”
Abbott & Costello: “Buck Privates”
Hollywood Pitches InHollywood Pitches In
He’s the Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy of Company BHe’s the Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy of Company B
Bob Hope in the South Pacific
Bob Hope in the South Pacific
Thanks, for the Memories!
Thanks, for the Memories!
Loony Toons and Walt DisneyUsed their work to recruit
Americans into the war effort
Your Day at the MoviesNewsreel on Allied Progress
◦http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncLuwSu3j_k&feature=related
Cartoons!◦Collect your Scrap Metal!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bnpdwn1mR6c
◦Buy a War Bond! http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=KI8jKZ9HH3U&feature=related
◦Learn to hate the enemy! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSvs_mHJ3so http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=JPuVFN7Vank&feature=related
THE HOME FRONT
On the Political FrontOffice of Price Administration National War Labor BoardWar Production BoardDepartment of the Treasury Revenue Act of 1942Smith Connally Anti-Strike Act
(1943)
Effects on the American Citizen
The General Public Soldiers Returning
Unemployment rate 1.2%
Pay rose 35%Farmers can grow
better cropsWomen in the
workforceMass migrationsQuick marriagesRise in Juvenile
Delinquency
Period of Readjustment
GI Bill of RightsGiven money to start
businesses and buy homes
Women African-Americans
Mexican Americans
Native Americans
Gains
Setbacks
The Japanese InternmentBackgroundAimed at
Japanese living on the West Coast
Expectations
Korematsu v. The United States, 1944
What is the case?
What is the outcome? Why?
What does this say about the agenda of the Supreme Court during the 1940s?
U.S. apologizes in the 1960s.
THE WAR IN EUROPE
Complete Chart on Battles in Europe
THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC
Group 1: Who is General Douglas MacArthur? What did he do in the Pacific?
Group 2: Who is Chester Nimitz? How is he involved in the Battle of Midway?
Group 3: Describe the “island hopping” that the American troops engaged in during WWII
Group 4: Describe the Battle of Okinawa. Why is it important?
Group 5: Give a brief description of the Yalta Conference, the Nuremberg Trials, and the Occupation of Japan. How did each serve as a rebuilding tool for Europe and Asia?
V-J Day!!!!August 15, 1945
Listen to the broadcast:
http://www.otr.com/vj.html
THE DROPPING OF THE ATOMIC BOMB
DEBATE
What we are debating“Small Nuclear Explosion –
horrifying”“The Atomic Cannon”“Hiroshima Bomb”“Atomic Bomb or Hiroshima and
Nagasaki (real footage)