world war ii 1939-1945
DESCRIPTION
World War II 1939-1945. Objectives… Define Fascism Describe how the fascist governments rose to power in Italy & Germany. Fascism A system of government characterized by a dictator , nationalism and militarism . Fasces - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
World War II1939-1945
![Page 2: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives…Define FascismDescribe how the fascist
governments rose to power in Italy & Germany.
![Page 3: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Fascism A system of government characterized by a dictator, nationalism and militarism.
Fasces A Latin word referring to a bundle of sticks bound to the handle of an axe.
![Page 4: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The characteristics of Fascism…
Look back in history to their past greatness
No criticism of the government ...Censorship
Schools teach fascism
The individual exists to serve the state
Conflict…“War is the most noble goal of man”- Hitler
![Page 5: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Benito MussoliniMussolini’s rise to power…
Uses violence & murder Appeals to people fearing
Communism…“rabidly nationalistic”
Becomes “Il Duce”… Promises Italian greatness Suspends elections Builds a modern military
![Page 6: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Italy - Benito Mussolini - “Il Duce”
Mussolini Quotes…
“All within the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state.”
“Democracy is beautiful in theory; in practice it is a fallacy.”
“Fascism is a religion. The twentieth century will be known in history as the century of Fascism. ”
![Page 7: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Hitler’s background…
Austrian born High school drop out Frustrated by failure as a young adult. WWI corporal Organizes the National Socialists Workers Party
(1919)… 1923 jailed for attempted overthrow of the
German government
![Page 8: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Mein Kampf or “My Struggle”
Describes…The “Master”/“Aryan Race” theory…
The Final Solution… Lebensraum…
Denounces… Democracy & communism Religion (Christianity & Judaism) The Treaty of Versailles
![Page 9: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Hitler’s rise to power…
German government is weak… Economic problems…The Nazi Party is formed Fear of Communists… Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany… The Reichstag burns… Hitler declares himself “Fuhrer”…
The Reichstag Fire
Jan. 30, 1933
![Page 10: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
“How fortunate for leaders that men do not
think.”- A. Hitler
The Third Reich
The term “Third Reich” is used to describe
Hitler’s Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to
1945.
![Page 11: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hitler strengthens his power…• “Scape - goating”… • Censorship...book burning• Assassination of his enemies• Political meetings (Nuremberg Rallies)• Propaganda
![Page 12: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Nuremberg Rally(s)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilXVkgmJk2E
![Page 13: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
German PropagandaPosters
What messages are being conveyed?
![Page 14: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Germany - Adolf Hitler - Der FuhrerThe most destructive leader in modern history.
Hitler Quotes…“War is the most noble goal of man”
“All propaganda has to be popular and has to accommodate itself to the
comprehension of the least intelligent of those whom it seeks to reach.”
“Any alliance whose purpose is not the intention to wage war is senseless and
useless.”
“Anyone who sees and paints a sky green and fields blue ought to be sterilized.”
![Page 15: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
3) Describe the policies & events exposing Hitler’s Germany as a racially & religiously intolerant
regime.
1933: Concentration camps1935: The Nuremberg Laws…1938: Kristallnacht– “The Night of Broken
Glass”…
![Page 16: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Nuremberg Laws Nazi Racial Legislation
• Laws designed to… - Purify Germany - Define citizenship - Define the position of Jews in the Third
Reich.
![Page 17: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1938: Kristallnacht - "Night of Broken Glass"
• Triggering event…Jewish teenager murders a German official in Paris
• 1,000 Synagogues burned, businesses, cemeteries, hospitals, schools & homes looted & destroyed… 30,000 arrested
![Page 18: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Objective… Identify and explain the
events that force America to move away from isolationism & into WW II.
![Page 20: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
1) Roosevelt’s primary concern during the 1930s?…
2) What were the worldwide economic & political ramifications of the Great Depression?…
![Page 21: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Think…What have you previously learned that
supports US commitment to this policy?
What type of foreign policy did the US adopt after WW I?
• Rejection of The Treaty of Versailles• The Kellogg-Briand Pact
• Washington Naval Conference
![Page 22: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Why did Americans favor isolationism prior to the start of WW II?...
8) How did each of the following influence the isolationist thinking prior to the outbreak of the war?–All Quiet on the Western Front–Nye Committee–College students–Norman Thomas–America First
![Page 23: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Examples of Isolationism prior to WW II…
Rejected the Treaty of Versailles… The Washington Conference (1921-22)… Kellog-Briand Pact (1928)…
![Page 24: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
• The message?
• Can you identify the
year this cartoon was published?
![Page 25: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Pre- World War II Aggression
![Page 26: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
1931-32 Japan invades Manchuria & Shanghai
American Response:Diplomatic protest
No Action
1935Italy invades Ethiopia
American Response:The Neutrality Acts are passed
![Page 27: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The Neutrality Acts• Designed to keep the US out of war…
–1935: Banned war supplies –1935: Forbid travel on foreign ships –1936: Prohibited loans –1937: Included the Spanish CW–1939: “cash-and-carry”…
–Replaced by “lend-lease” …
![Page 28: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1936Germany rearms & sends troops
into the RhinelandAmerican Response:
No action
![Page 29: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
1936 The Rome-Berlin Axis…
Supporting “parallel interests”
![Page 30: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
1937Japan begins full scale invasion of China
* WW II officially starts in Asia
American Response:Diplomatic protest
![Page 31: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
1938 The Anschluss…Germany & Austria unite –
6M Austrians are under German control
![Page 32: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
1938: Hitler invades the Sudetenland.
- Hitler charges that Czechs are “abusing Germans
![Page 33: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
1938:The Munich Pact or Appeasement Policy…
Hitler meets with French & British Prime Ministers… Agrees not to
take more territory
British Prime MinisterNeville Chamberlain
announces “Peace in our time”
![Page 34: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
1938American Response
FDR requests peaceful settlementU.S. funds a two ocean navy
Signing the Two Ocean Navy Expansion Act
![Page 35: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
1939
-Germany invades Czechoslovakia & the Non Aggression Pact is signed…
Agreement between Germany & Russia that they will not attack each other & will divide Poland
between them.
![Page 36: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
1940 The Tripartite PactRome – Berlin –Tokyo Axis
Japanese & Italian emissaries with Hitler.
![Page 37: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
1939: Germany Invades Poland
Luftwaffe…. German air force …Very modern & powerful
-The first casualty of the German-Soviet Non Aggression Pact
![Page 38: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
1940 Germany invades Denmark, Norway,
Holland, Belgium & France
• WW II officially starts in Europe…- Blitzkrieg…- The Battle for Britain…
![Page 39: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
1939 Blitzkrieg… “LIGHTNING WAR” The name implies the rapid deployment of air power, mechanized cavalry and
troops. – VERY FAST, VERY POWERFUL
![Page 40: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
1939 American Response:
The Neutrality Acts are amended to “cash & carry”
![Page 41: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
1940 American Response:
• Selective Service Act…• Destroyers for Bases Deal…
• Lend-Lease Plan… “It is like lending your neighbor whose house is burning a garden hose.”
![Page 42: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
1941The invasion of the USSR (or Operation Barbarosa)…
![Page 43: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
1942 Map of the Axis Powers
![Page 44: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Freedom From Fear
Freedom of Speech
Freedom From Want
Freedom of Worship
FDR: The Four Freedoms Speech…
![Page 45: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
1941World Event: The Atlantic Charter…
13) The “common principles” that President Roosevelt &
Prime Minister Churchill agreed to in the Atlantic
Charter…
• Free trade among all nations• No territorial seizures after the war• Self determination• Disarmament• The four freedoms… Freedom from fear &
want, freedom of speech & worship
Most of the above are related to what previous topic?
![Page 46: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Objective…
Describe the U.S. response to the attack
on Pearl Harbor.
![Page 47: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Pearl HarborIdentify the diplomatic & military events in 1940- 41 that foreshadow
war between Japan & the US…
![Page 48: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
1941World Event:Dec. 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor is attackedAmerican Response:
Congress declares war Dec. 8, 1941
![Page 49: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Sunday morning,Dec. 7, 1941
![Page 50: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Pearl Harbor15) Japan’s overall objective for
Asia?
16) Japan’s military objective for the attack on Pearl Harbor?
![Page 51: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Pearl HarborFrom You Tube…
Pearl Harbor Day Attack
Documentary video clip: 8:45http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nt13c3olXkU
Documentary video clip: 1:50http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VnlLRmy3BI0&feature=related
![Page 52: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Pearl Harbor – Ford Island
![Page 54: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
The Pearl Harbor attack…• The largest surprise attack in history
• 353 planes… Launched from 274 miles away
• Two waves: 1st : 7:53 AM -183 planes 2nd: 8:40 AM -170 planes
![Page 55: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Pearl Harbor The damages…
2,400 dead 1,200 wounded 8 battleships 3 destroyers 3 cruisers 188 planes
![Page 56: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
“I fear that all we have done is awaken a sleeping giant, and fill him with
a terrible resolve." - General Yamato of the Imperial Japanese Army
![Page 57: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Japanese photo of the Pearl Harbor attack…
![Page 58: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
USS SHAW
![Page 59: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Battleships USS WEST VIRGINIA & USS TENNESSEE
![Page 60: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
USS ARIZONA
“I could see the men on Arizona walking on deck and burning alive. They had their helmets on. Their clothes were all seared off. They were a ghostly crew
as they walked out of those flames. And then they just dropped dead”
![Page 61: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
USS WEST VIRGINIA (left) & USS ARIZONA (right)
![Page 62: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
USS CALIFORNIA
![Page 63: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
USS CALIFORNIA
![Page 64: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Battleship USS OKLAHOMA
![Page 65: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Destroyers USS CASSIN & USS DOWNES
![Page 66: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
USS NEVADA beached
![Page 67: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
P-40 - WHEELER ARMY AIR FIELD
![Page 68: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
WHEELER ARMY AIR FIELD
![Page 69: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Hickam Army Airfield
![Page 70: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Arial photo USS Arizona Memorial
![Page 71: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Pearl HarborFrom You Tube…
Pearl Harbor Day Attack Documentary video clip: 8:45
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nt13c3olXkU
![Page 72: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
FDR requests a declaration of war…
"Yesterday, Dec. 7, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and
deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan." - Franklin Roosevelt, Dec. 8, 1941
![Page 73: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
A Global War - Dec. 11, 1941
Germany & Italy declare war on the U.S. Hitler declares war against the “half Judaized and the
other half Negrified” America The U.S. acknowledges a state of war
"...Every single man, woman, and child is partner in the most tremendous
undertaking of our history."- FDR
![Page 74: World War II 1939-1945](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56816500550346895dd76dab/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Map of the Axis Powers 1942