World War IWorld War IWar Chart (sort of…)War Chart (sort of…)

1914 - 19181914 - 1918

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions

What brought the U.S. into World War I?What brought the U.S. into World War I? Is it right for America to intervene in Is it right for America to intervene in

foreign conflicts?foreign conflicts?Should America go to war to make the Should America go to war to make the

world “safe for democracy?”world “safe for democracy?”How does the “homefront” affect how How does the “homefront” affect how

America deals with a crisis?America deals with a crisis?

Long Term CausesLong Term CausesRemember the “M.A.I.N.”Remember the “M.A.I.N.”

1. 1. MMilitarismilitarism Glorifying military Glorifying military

power and keeping power and keeping standing army (always standing army (always ready for war)ready for war)

Britain is only county in Britain is only county in Europe without one at Europe without one at beginning of warbeginning of war

Kaiser Wilhelm II Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germany) - navy(Germany) - navy

Long term causesLong term causes

2. 2. AAllianceslliances Meant to keep peace, Meant to keep peace,

but leads to World but leads to World WarWar

Triple AllianceTriple Alliance Germany, Austria-Germany, Austria-

Hungary, ItalyHungary, Italy Triple EntenteTriple Entente

France, Britain, RussiaFrance, Britain, Russia Where is the U.S. in all Where is the U.S. in all

of this?of this?

Long term CausesLong term Causes

3. 3. IImperialismmperialism Dominating a weaker Dominating a weaker

territory either territory either politically, politically, economically, and/or economically, and/or sociallysocially

Competing for coloniesCompeting for colonies

Long Term CausesLong Term Causes

4. 4. NNationalismationalism Deep feelings for own Deep feelings for own

countrycountry European rivalries European rivalries

include Germany, include Germany, Austria-Hungary, Austria-Hungary, Britain, Russia, Italy, Britain, Russia, Italy, FranceFrance

Competition for Competition for resourcesresources

SparkSpark

““Powder Keg” of Powder Keg” of EuropeEurope The BalkansThe Balkans

Russia and Austria fight Russia and Austria fight over territoryover territory

Serbs, Croats, Serbs, Croats, Bosnians, Slavs, etc. all Bosnians, Slavs, etc. all want own country or want own country or recognition recognition

Spark, cont. (1914)Spark, cont. (1914) Archduke Franz Archduke Franz

Ferdinand (of Austria) Ferdinand (of Austria) tours Sarajevo (Bosnia)tours Sarajevo (Bosnia)

Shot and killed by Shot and killed by Serbian Gavrilo Princip Serbian Gavrilo Princip (Black Hand)(Black Hand)

Austria takes it as a sign Austria takes it as a sign of Serbian aggressionof Serbian aggression

Germany encourages Germany encourages Austria to declare war on Austria to declare war on Serbia (promises to help)Serbia (promises to help)

Alliance system kicks inAlliance system kicks in

War beginsWar begins

Powder Keg is lit with Powder Keg is lit with the assassinationthe assassination

Alliance system falls Alliance system falls apart (new ones form)apart (new ones form)

World War I becomes World War I becomes largest war everlargest war ever

New Alliance SystemsNew Alliance Systems

Central Powers = Central Powers = Germany, Austria-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire

Allies = England, Allies = England, France, Russia France, Russia (eventually Japan, (eventually Japan, Italy, and the U.S.)Italy, and the U.S.)

StrategyStrategy

ALLIED POWERS ALLIED POWERS - Sea strategy Sea strategy

(England takes lead)(England takes lead)(Convoy system after (Convoy system after U.S. gets involved)U.S. gets involved)

- Air Fighting (dog Air Fighting (dog fights)fights)

- PropagandaPropaganda- AttritionAttrition- Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

StrategyStrategy

CENTRAL POWERS CENTRAL POWERS - Quickly wipe out Quickly wipe out

FranceFrance- One FrontOne Front- Recruit MexicoRecruit Mexico- Keep U.S. neutralKeep U.S. neutral- U-boats (oops)U-boats (oops)

Important/Turning Point Battles – Important/Turning Point Battles – supposed to be quicksupposed to be quick

First Battle of the Marne (1914)First Battle of the Marne (1914)

Germany tries to take Germany tries to take Paris, but failsParis, but fails

Possibly most Possibly most important battle of important battle of warwar

Trench warfare sets Trench warfare sets inin

Battle of the Somme (1916)Battle of the Somme (1916)

Germans advance 4 Germans advance 4 milesmiles

English advance 5 English advance 5 milesmiles

20,000 British killed in 20,000 British killed in 1 day1 day

Over 1 ½ million Over 1 ½ million casualties in 3 casualties in 3 monthsmonths