world war i: the beginnings
DESCRIPTION
World war i: The Beginnings. Immediate Causes. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
World war i:The Beginnings
![Page 2: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip
Princip was a member of the Serbian nationalist group Black Hand
Immediate Causes
![Page 3: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Why Assassination? Ferdinand planned to give the Slavs of Bosnia-Herzegovina an equal voice in the Austro-Hungarian government
This threatened the movement for a separate Slavic state
![Page 4: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What Next? Austria-Hungary held the Serbian government responsible for the assassination of Ferdinand
Austria-Hungary sought backup from Germany in the event of war
![Page 5: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What Next? Germany issued a Blank Check to Austria-Hungary
Blank Check: William II agreed to support any actions that Austria-Hungary might take against Serbia
![Page 6: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Ultimatum: Austria-Hungary demanded entrance into Serbia
Why? Suppress subversive organizations
Conduct an investigation
Tensions Build!!
![Page 7: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Tensions Build!! Austria-Hungary gave Serbia 48 hours to agree to the ultimatum
Serbia REFUSED to agree July 28, 1914: Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia!
![Page 8: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Others Get Involved Russia, an ally of Serbia, mobilized troops along the borders of Germany & Austria-Hungary
Germany warned Russia to stop
Russia refused!
![Page 9: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Others Get Involved Germany issued an ultimatum to France
Gave France 18 hours to decide whether or not it would support Russia
France gave an inconclusive answer!
![Page 10: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
08/01/1914: Germany declared war on Russia
08/03/1914: Germany declared war on France
Declarations of War
![Page 11: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Declarations of War Great Britain hoped to remain neutral
DID NOT want to become involved in a war
HOWEVER…
![Page 12: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Germany demanded passage across Belgium in order to fight France
Part of Germany’s Schlieffen Plan
The Belgium Issue
![Page 13: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Belgium Issue In 1839 Britain, Russia, France & Germany signed a treaty that guaranteed Belgium’s neutrality
Due to the fact that Belgium was a neutral nation, Great Britain protested Germany’s demand
![Page 14: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Belgium Issue Despite Belgium’s neutrality, Germany invaded on August 14, 1914
Great Britain demanded that Germany immediately withdraw from Belgium
![Page 15: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Germany responded by referring to the treaty as nothing more than a “scrap of paper”
As a result Great Britain declared war on Germany
The Belgium Issue
![Page 16: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Schlieffen Plan Germany’s plan to deal with a TWO-FRONT war
The German army DID NOT want to fight the war on BOTH fronts at the SAME time
The Schlieffen Plan
![Page 17: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Germany believed that the Russian army was slow
Believed they could defeat FR on the Western Front in 5 to 6 weeks
The Schlieffen Plan
![Page 18: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Planned to invade Belgium & encircle Paris
They would then be able to fight Russia on the Eastern Front
The Schlieffen Plan
![Page 19: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Both sides thought that the war would be a quick ordeal…
EXPECTATIONS
![Page 20: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
World War I:Opposing Sides
![Page 21: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Opposing Sides The Triple Entente became the Allied Powers
The Triple Alliance became the Central Powers
![Page 22: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Allied powers
![Page 23: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Allied powers Major Players: France, Great Britain, Russia Italy (1915) Japan (1915) United States (1917) 28 other countries
![Page 24: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Allied powers Strengths: More soldiers More money Greater industrial potential Great Britain – best navy France – excellent army
![Page 25: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Allied powers Weaknesses: Russia was WEAK & POOR No unified command Each country acted independently until the end of the war
Fighting on their OWN territory
![Page 26: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Central powers
![Page 27: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Central powers Major Players: Germany, Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
![Page 28: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Central powers Strengths: Germany – best army Germany – excellent navy Superior weapons Fighting in enemy territory
![Page 29: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Central powers Excellent lines of communication
Unified command Everyone under German control
Control of the Dardanelles
![Page 30: World war i: The Beginnings](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062501/5681628e550346895dd2fba0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Central powers Weaknesses: Fighting a two-front war