world war i intro - social studies with ms. …...b. trench warfare soon became a war of attrition -...
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World War I IntroTHURSDAY, JANUARY 11TH, 2018
Warm Up
1. What event is considered the trigger of WWI?
2. What is Nationalism?
Notes:
Today we are taking notes on WWI.
Please take out a piece of paper and write down key terms, figures and dates.
1. Militarism - building
up armed forces,
getting ready for war.
1914-1918
2. Alliances - agreements or
promises to defend and help another country.
a. Triple Alliance -
Germany, Austro-Hungary
& Italy
b. Triple Entente - Britain,
France & Russia
Triple Entente
Triple Alliance
Neutral
3. Imperialism - trying to
build up an Empire. Ta1910ble 1
1910 -1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures
France 10%
Britain 13%
Russia 39%
Germany 73%
1914-1918
3. Imperialism - trying to
build up an Empire.
4. Nationalism - having
pride in your country,
willing to defend it.
1914-1918
A. June 28, 1914,
Archduke Ferdinand,
of Austro-Hungary (A-H)
& his wife were
assassinated by Serbian
terrorists, Gavrila Princip
Sarajevo
•
Archduke Ferdinand and Wife
1914-1918
B. A-H blames Serbia -
- A-H declares war on Serbia
- Russia declares war A-H
- Germany declared War on Russia
- Germany declared war on France
- Britain declared war on Germany
I. Central Powers - Germany,
A-H, Bulgaria, Ottoman
Empire
2. Allied Powers - Britain,
France, Russia, Japan, Italy
Central
PowersAllied
Powers
Allied
Powers
1914-1918
II. Schliefen PlanA. Plan by Alfred von
Schlieffen’ - Germany
defeats France in 6
weeks & then attack
Russia.
B Plan Fails. Why?
- Germany met strong
resistance in Belgium
- Russia mobilized quicker
than expected
C. Germany abandoned
plan.
Schliefflen Plan
1914-1918
B. Trench warfare soon
became a war of
attrition -
wearing down the enemy
by continual losses in
people & material
A. Stalemate - deadlock in
which neither side is
able to defeat the other
1914-1918
- Poison Gas - 1st by
Germany, then by both -
caused blindness,
blisters, & death
A. Industrialization of War -
New Weapons
- Tank invented against
trench warfare
- Aircraft - spying behind
enemy lines & air battles
- Submarines - German
U-boats dominated the
seas
- Machine Gun - 100
rounds a minute
1914-1918
C. Western Front Battles- Battle of Verdun -French v. German- Battle 11 months long- 305,000 dead - no gains
- Battle of Somme -
- Eng/Fre v. Germ.
- 1 mil. dead -
- Eng/French gained 5
miles of land
1914-1918
A. Russia suffered massive
losses. - Huge population
`
Why? - Russia hadn’t
Industrialized, thus
- Russian army was short
on food, guns,
ammunition, clothes,
boots, & blankets
1914-1918
Total War
- all people & resources
devoted to war effort
- conscription - the draft
- censorship of the press
- propaganda - spreading
of ideas to promote a
cause or damage an
opposing cause
- Women worked in
factories for men in battle
1914-1918
1914-1918
1. U.S. Enters Wara. unrestricted submarine
warfare - submarines sink any ship in the waters around Britain w/o warning
- Lusitania sunk - 128
Americans dead-Americans
turned against Germ.
b. Zimmerman Telegram
Proposal to Mexico from
Germany to attack U.S.
- turned Americans against Germ..
c. Wilson declares war April 2,
1917
1914-1918
1914-1918
1. Armistice -an agreement to stop fighting
- November 11, armistice signed.
- 11 Day, 11 Month, 11 Hour