World War I: How it all played out!

1914 August:

-Battle of TannenbergSeptember:

- Battle of Mons - Battle of the Marne

October - Battle of Masurian Lakes

- First Battle of Ypres

1915 January

- British Navy Attacks on the Dardanelles (Turkey) April

- Gallipoli Campaign-till December - Second Battle of Ypres

July - Battle of Pozieres

August - Suvla Bay (Second Gallipoli Landing)

September - Lone Pine

- Offensive at Artors and Loos December

- Evacuation of Gallipoli

1916 January

- Battle of Verdun-till June June

- Battle of Jutland - Brusilov Offensive

July - Battle of Somme-till November

1917 January

- German unrestricted supreme warfare April

- Russian Revolution - USA declares war

- Battle of Arras - Battle of Vinny Ridge

May - Battle of Bullecourt

June - Battle of Messines

July - Russian July Offensive fails

- Third Battle of Ypres (better known as Passchendale) November

- Battle of Cambrai December

- Russian Ceasefire

1918 March

- Treaty of Brest-Litovsk - German counter-offensive in West

April - Battle of Villers-Brethoneux

July - Second Battle of Marne

August - Battle of Ameins

October - Battle of Vittorio-Veneto

November -Armistice (End of War)

Turkey enters war in October 1914 with the Central Powers

Bulgaria enters war in September 1915 with the

Central Powers

Italy enters war in 1915 with the Allied Forces

WWI AT SEA

• Britain begins with blockade of German ports (forcing them to get supplies through neutral countries)

•Germans counter with the invention of the U-Boat (submarine)

LEADS TO UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE

THE SINKING OF THE LUSITANIA

1915- PASSENGER SHIP- OVER 1,000 DEAD

ZEPPELINS

1917- The United States Enters

WHY?

Reasons for U.S Involvement

• Originally held an isolationist policy

• 1915: 128 Americans were on the Lusitania

• President Wilson demanded that attacks on US passenger ships stop: Germany complied

• 1916 Attacks on Black Tom and Kingsland

• In 1917 Germany resumes unrestricted Submarine Warfare

• Also in 1917, Zimmerman Telegram is intercepted

• PROPOGANDA!

Black Tom, New Jersey

July 30, 1916-German ships destroy an ammunition factory in New Jersey

Black Tom, New Jersey

• Cause $20 million in damages

•Damaged Statue of Liberty ($100,000)-forever closed torch to visitors

•Wilson knew it was sabotage, but ignored it for re-election purposes

Kingsland, New Jersey

• January 11th, 1917 in what is now The Meadowlands

• Another Ammunition factory set in flames

• Germany never “formally” admits guilt, but pays America reparations for the incident in the 1950s

The Zimmerman Telegram (Jan 19, 1917)

The Zimmerman Telegram (Jan 19, 1917)

The Zimmerman Telegram

• A Message from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmerman to German Minister to Mexico von Eckhardt

• Offered Mexico territory in the U.S if they, essentially, kept U.S. occupied

• Originally decoded by the British in January 1917- not presented to the U.S. until February 24th of 1917

• Was a huge source of propaganda for war effort in U.S. –published 3/1/17- U.S declares war on Germany on 4/6/17

The Russian Revolution

-Results in Russian leaving the war in December of 1917

-Signed the BREST-LITOVSK TREATY to end war with Germany

-Led to communism taking hold in Russia

-Led to creation of Poland

The Final Stages of the War• With Russia out, Germans

sought to take advantage: tried to divide French and British in Spring of 1918

• Gained substantial ground on Western Front, getting back to the Marne but were unable to maintain it

• General Foch of France named Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces

• U.S. Enters substantial forces under General “Black Jack” Pershing

• Americans back depleted French and English armies

• Americans chiefly responsible for stopping German advance at the Battle of Chateau-Thierry

• Germans are driven back to Hindenburg line and 14,000 troops taken prisoner

• Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates and a German Republic is declared on November 9th War ends November 11th (Veteran’s Day)