world war i an industrialized war the balkan powder keg serbian nationalists wanted to unite serbs...
TRANSCRIPT
• 12/16 Focus: – Advances in weaponry, from improvements
to the machine gun and airplane, to the invention of the tank and the use of poison gas, led WWI to be an enormously destructive war between industrialized nations .
• Important Terms: – Trench Warfare, Stalemate, Attrition
• Do Now:– What were the four primary causes of
WWI?
The Balkan Powder Keg• Serbian nationalists
wanted to unite Serbs in the Balkans– Create a Slavic state– Austria-Hungary
opposed this effort
• Austria- Hungary annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina – Large number of Serbs – Angered Serbian
nationalists
The Spark
MilitarismAlliances
Imperialism Nationalism
June, 28, 1914: Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip, Assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria Hungary in Sarajevo
The Powder Keg
Boom
THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM TRIGGERED
?
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Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
Russia mobilizes army to the border with A-H
Germany declares war on Russia
Germany declares war on France
Great Britain declares war on Germany
Outbreak of WarAustria-Hungary blames Serbia for death of Archduke and makes harsh demands
Serbia refused to comply with demands
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia (July 28 1914)
Russia moves troops to border with Austria and Germany
Germany declares war on Russia
Germany declares war on France
Germany invades Belgium as part of plan to invade France (August 3, 1914)
Great Britain declares war on Germany
The Allied PowersThe Central Powers
Germany
Austria Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Russia
Great Britain
France
United States
U.S. joined the war in 1917
A Multi-Front War
• Western Front– Across Belgium
and N. France to Swiss border
• Eastern Front– Baltic to Black
Sea
• Africa and the Middle East
Trench Warfare• Both sides dug deep
Trenches along the front
– Trenches along the front provided protection from bullets and artillery shells
– Support trenches behind the lines provided first aid, supplies, and headquarters
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/launch_vt_dugout_int.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/launch_vt_frontline.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/launch_vt_dugout_ext.shtml
Trench Warfare
• No Man’s Land– Area between
Trenches – Military leaders sent
“men over the top” in an attempt to take the other sides trenches
– Men had to cross no man’s land while being shelled and shot at by machine guns
Trench Warfare
• Trenches were dug in a zig-zag pattern so that they could not be easily taken by intruding enemies
Aerial view of a trench system(1917)
Trench Warfare
Each trench had a listening post at the end, where men would sit at night and listen for any sounds.
Trench Warfare
• Stalemate– Neither side was
able to make any major advances on the enemy trenches
– lead to fighting a war of attrition
• Cause large numbers of causalities so the enemy gets tired of fighting