Slide 1

World Cultures Mid-Term Review

Slide 2

Geography

Slide 3

What does interdependence mean? Depending on other countries for goods, resources, and knowledge

Slide 4

What are physical features? natural elements of the environment

Slide 5

What are political features? Boundaries made by humans

Slide 6

What is culture? All things that make up a peoples way of life

Slide 7

How does religion strengthen society? Teaches values that all people accept

Slide 8

What is ethnocentrism? Judging other cultures by standards of ones own culture

Slide 9

How have people used the environment over the years? People have adapted to and changed the environment in which they live

Slide 10

What is westernization? The adoption of western cultures

Slide 11

Europe

Slide 12

What type of physical feature is the continent of Europe? Peninsula

Slide 13

What are the three most important rivers in Europe Thames Seine Rhine

Slide 14

What are city-states? Small communities that valued their independence and were surrounded by farmland

Slide 15

Define direct democracy Citizens participate directly in government rather than through elected officials

Slide 16

How did the feudal system function during the Middle Ages in Europe? Everyone had a fixed place in society and was obedient to the class above them

Slide 17

What was the effect of the bubonic plague? Inspired Ring around the Rosie Commonly thought of to be brought on by the Jewish community Killed over 25 million Europeans within 5 years.

Slide 18

What was the Renaissance? Rebirth of interest in the arts, education, and science

Slide 19

What role did Martin Luther play in the history in Europe? He opposed many wrongdoings of the church, especially indulgences

Slide 20

What caused the economic crisis in France in the 1700s? The middle and working class were the only taxpayers

Slide 21

How did Napoleon change French society? All men equal before law Freedom of religion Napoleonic Code

Slide 22

What was the goal of the Congress of Vienna? Restore order in France after 25 years of war and revolution

Slide 23

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? British textile industry

Slide 24

What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution in Britain? Advanced security and defense, health, and trade

Slide 25

What caused World War I? Land disputes Assassination of Franz Ferdinand Build up of militaries

Slide 26

How did Adolph Hitler come into power? He promised to restore order and greatness in Germany in light of the Depression

Slide 27

Why was the policy of appeasement followed during World War II? Countries thought it was a fair price to pay for peace

Slide 28

What was the Berlin Wall? A wall that was very hard to get past that divided Germany for almost 30 years

Slide 29

Why was the Berlin Wall built? To stop East Germans from fleeing to West Germany

Slide 30

What is the European Union? An institution of 27 European countries that share a commitment to peace and prosperity

Slide 31

The Middle East

Slide 32

What were the Christian holy wars (aimed at recapturing the Holy Land) called? Crusades

Slide 33

Why did Israel become a center of conflict after World War II? Jews wanted to create an independent state there

Slide 34

What Middle Eastern people establish a great empire along the Tigris and Euphrates River Valley? Sumerians

Slide 35

What did Muhammad write at the request of the Allah? Koran

Slide 36

What does OPEC stand for? Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

Slide 37

What religion do 90% of Middle Easterners follow? Islam

Slide 38

What resource has made the Persian Gulf important? Oil

Slide 39

Which country held American diplomats hostage for 444 days in 1979? Iran

Slide 40

What is Zionism? The international movement for the establishment of a Jewish national community in Palestine and later for the support of modern Israel.

Slide 41

What two groups fought fiercely over the Holy Land? Israelis and Palestinians

Slide 42

What area did the earliest of Middle East civilization settle? The Fertile Crescent

Slide 43

What was the main goal of the PLO? Regain Palestinian territory and establish a Palestinian state

Slide 44

What led to the United States getting involved in the 1991 Persian Gulf War? Iraq invaded Kuwait

Slide 45

Why did the French and the British fight over Egypt for in the 1880s? Both countries wanted to build a canal across the Suez

Slide 46

What was the result of the United States and the Soviet Union supplying arms and aid to the Middle East for over forty years? The militaries of these countries were strengthened, but the countries were unstable

Slide 47

What are basic elements of Christianity? Jesus was the messiah, Jesus was the son of God, Belief in teachings of Jesus

Slide 48

What are basic elements of Judaism? Passover, religion of Hebrews, Jews were the chosen people

Slide 49

What are basic elements of Islam? The Five Pillars, the Koran, Praying towards the city of Mecca

Slide 50

Africa

Slide 51

What geographic zones are in Africa? Rainforest Desert Sahara

Slide 52

What is the largest desert in Africa? Sahara

Slide 53

What oceans surround Africa? West- Atlantic East- Indian

Slide 54

Which European country held the most territory in Africa prior to WWI?? Great Britain

Slide 55

Define pharaoh: Rulers of ancient Egypt

Slide 56

Define polygamy The practice of having more than one spouse

Slide 57

What was the significance of the pyramids? They were burial sites for leaders

Slide 58

Describe traditional village life Decisions that affected the entire village were made by consensus

Slide 59

Describe traditional African religion Most were monotheistic

Slide 60

Why was there a demand for slaves in Europe? Growth of plantation economy in the Americas

Slide 61

How did colonial rule affect Africa? Most African nations had artificial boundaries that included many rival ethnic groups

Slide 62

How did the Industrial Revolution affect Africa? It fueled Europes economic motives to colonize Africa by creating a major need for natural resources

Slide 63

How did Africans overthrow British rule? By unifying

Slide 64

Define Pan Africanism The idea of unifying all of Africa

Slide 65

What country of Africa has the highest AIDS prevalence rate? South Africa

Slide 66

Define apartheid A system of inequality and injustice based on race

Slide 67

Describe how the diamond trade affects Africa It has caused many civil wars DeBeers had prospered tremendously from exploiting diamonds from Africa Diamonds worn by people in the richest parts of the world are often at the expense of some of the poorest people in the world.