world checklist of the genus cardamine l. (draft 1)world checklist of the genus cardamine l. (draft...

World checklist of the genus Cardamine L. (Draft 1) 1,2Marhold, K., 1Kučera, J., 1Zozomová-Lihová, J. & 3Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 1Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava,

Slovak Republic

2Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic

3Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. 63166-0299

Comments on this draft should be sent to: [email protected]

Acknowledgements: We acknowledge financial support provided by the Slovak Research and Development Agency (project no. RPEU-0003-06, to Karol Marhold). Distribution data follow: Brummitt, R. K. (2001): World geographical scheme for recording plant distributions. Edition 2. Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh. For references to the chromosome number reports see: Marhold, K. & Kučera, J., Karyological database of the genus Cardamine, available at http://www.cardamine.sav.sk/ Cardamine adriatica Jar. Kučera, Lihová & Marhold, Taxon 59: 161 (2010).

Ind. loc.: “Dalmatien “Urulia” [near D. Brela village] v. Welden” – Type: unknown – the original material was most likely destroyed in 1849 during the great Zwinger fire (Stafleu & Cowan, 1983); Neotype (Kučera et al. 2010): Croatia, Biokovo Mts., Baška Voda, village of Bast, 43°21´31´´N, 16°59´18´´E, 398 m a. s. l., 24.IV.2003, J. Kučera & M. Kolník s.n. (SAV!).

≡ Pteroneurum bipinnatum Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 676. 1830–1832 (non C. bipinnata (C.A. Mey.) O.E. Schulz 1903)

≡ C. maritima f. bipinnata (Rchb.) Sagorski in Österr. Bot. Z. 61: 18. 1911 ? = Pteroneurum microphyllum J. Presl & C. Presl, Delic. Prag. 1: 237. 1822 Ind. loc.: “Hab. in arenosis maritimis Dalmatiae prope Capo Cesto [Primošten]” – Type: unknown.

− “C. microphylla” J. Presl & C. Presl, Delic. Prag. 1: 15, 1822 non Adams., nec (Willd.) O.E. Schulz, nom. inval. [Art. 34.1(a); McNeill & al., 2006].

Chromosome number: 2n = 16 (Kučera et al., 2010) Distribution: Europe: 13. YUG-CR Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Croatia: Velebit Mts.: Velebit, s.d., K. Malý (W); In saxosis ad Karlobag, 3.VI.1890, L. Stipetić (ZA); in litt. Croat. supra Karlobag, 7.VII.1896, Lj. Rossi (ZA); Velebit, ab Carlopago [Karlobag], 10.VI., s. coll. (PRC); Dalmatia: prope Carlopago [Karlobag], s.d., K. Malý (CL); auf dem Velebit bei Carlopago [Karlobag], 10.VI.1895, G. Beck (PRC); Croatia: Karlopago [Karlobag], VII.1836, L.F. Vukotinović (W); Flora Croatica, ad Karlobago, s.d., J.C. Schlosser (WU); Kod Karlobaga, s.d., L.F. Vukotinović & J.C. Schlosser 852 (ZA); Dalmatia: Velebit, Velika Paklenica,

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Starigrad, 26.VII.1906, A. Degen (PRC); Kroatien, Velebit, Velika Paklenica bei Starigrad, Engstelle der Schlucht, schutt, 120–150 m, 21.IV.1979, E. Vitek (W); Flora Dalmatica: Velebit in rupiorum fissuris Prosena supra Golubič, 13.IX.1913, A. Degen (ZA); Flora von Jugoslawien, Kroatien, Velebit-gebirge, an der Küstenstraße südlich von Jablanac, 22.VI.1968, M. Bässler & I. Quasdorf 1222 (B); ad Vranjak, Jablanac, 6.VII.1896, Lj. Rossi (ZA); Kroatien, Prizna, 20.V.1971, F. Kummert (W); Velebit: in monte Pavelič Kuk, in Šugarska duliba, 1084 m, 14.VII.1909, Lj. Rossi (ZA); Velebit: Stolačka Peč in Šugarska Duliba, 14.VII.1909, Lj. Rossi (ZA); Mosor Mts.: Spalato (Spljet) [Split]: im Mosor am Felsen, 800 m, 29.V.1895, G.A. Poscharsky (CL); Dalmatien, Mt. Mosor, 1869, K. Malý (W); Mosor, s.d., Fr. Petter (PRC); Dalmatien: Gebirgspflanze, an Kalkfelsen auf dem Berge Mossor bei Spalato [Split], V., Fr. Petter (CL, W, ZA); Jugoslavia: Spalato [Split], IV.1903, Fr. Petter (K); Flora Dalmatica exsiccata, an Kalkfelsen auf dem Berge Mossor bei Spalato [Split], V., Fr. Petter (PR); Mosor bei Spalato [Split], V., Fr. Petter (PR); Dalmatien: Spalato [Split], s.d., Fr. Petter (W, WU, BEOU); Dalmatien: Mosor bei Split, Karstregion, Felsheide, Kalk, 1100 m, 13.VII.1964, F. Krendl (W); Spalato [Split] in Dalmatien, s.d., Regel (Z); Ad rup. calcar. montis Mossor pr. Spalato [Split] in Dalmatia, V., Bentych? (Z); Süd Dalmatien, Spalato [Split], s.d., M. Tommasini (B); In montosis Mosor in Dalmatia, s.d., I.I. Schiffner (B); Spalato [Split], s.d., J.C. Equitis-Pittoni & Dannenfeldt (W); Dalmatien: Mosor, auf Felsen am Gipfel des Ljubljan, 22.VI.1927, E. Korb (W); Mt. Ljubljan, V., Fr. Petter (W); auf Felsen, am Weg von Almissa [Omiš] nach den Mühlen an der Cettina, auf dem Berge Ljubljan, und in anderen nördlichen Gegenden des Mossor Gebirges, s.d., Fr. Petter (W); auf Felsen, am Wege von Almissa [Omiš] nach den Mühlen an der Cettina, auf dem Berge Lubljan, und in anderen nördlichen Gegenden des Mossor Gebirges, V., Herbarium Heer (Z); Cettinie, s.d., M. Sardagna (WU); Dalmatien: Mossor planina, nächst dem Sattel kote 1089 m, südöstlich der Ljubirna, 9.VI.1908, E. Janchen (WU); Planina Mosor, Doman staje, 12.VIII.1990, D. Vladović (ZA); Biokovo Mts.: M. Biokovo, s.d., M. Sardagna (WU); Biokovo, 1400 m, VI.1911, A. Teyber (WU); Biokovo, beim Einstieg nach Makarska, 28.VI.1927, E. Korb (W); Flora Croatica, Biokovo, Kuranik – Sv. Ilja, 28.VII.1940, I. Horvat (ZAHO); Flora Croatica, Biokovo, Pod Vošćem, 26.VII.1940, I. Horvat (ZAHO); Kroatien, Dalmatien, Brela, übergang nach Ober-Brela, VI.1980, G. Fitz (W); Dalmatien, Brela, westwärts der Bauernburg (aber Fruchtklappen nicht Zurückrollend), mitte VI.1977, G. Fitz (W); Biokovo, vapenačka mjesta iznad mesta Soline-Brela, 430 m, 16.VI.1956, R. Domac (ZA). Cardamine alpina Willd., Sp. Pl. 3: 481 (1800).

Ind. loc.: “Habitat in alpibus Helvetiae, Sabaudiae, Delphinatus, Carinthiae (v.s.).” Type: ≡ Cardamine bellidifolia subsp. alpina (Willd.) B.M.G.Jones, Feddes Repert. 69: 59 (1964). Chromosome number: n=8 (Tischler G., 1950 – without locality) 2n=16 (Manton I., 1932 – without locality) Distribution: Europe: 11. GER; 12. FRA-FR, SPA-AN, SPA-SP; 13. AUT-AU, ITA-IT, SWI. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Spain: Huesca, Aneto, 2660-2700 m, 17.8.1984, P. & J.Montserrat (JACA); Spain: Barranco del Portet-Collado Fenás, calcosquitstos y granitos Sallent de Gállego, Huesca, 2400-2660 m, 22.7.1993, L.Villar & J.A.Sesé (JACA); France: da Mandette, Lauret, Hautes Alpes Dauphiné, 8.1904, L.V.Lester-Garland (K); Italy: Longobardia super., Prov. di Sondrio, Bormio, in glareosis montis

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Leverone, alt. 2600-2900 m, 14.8.1908, M.Longa (K); Switzerland: Col de Grimsel, 17.8.1950, A.Lawalréc (K). Cardamine amariformis Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26 (311): 324−325 (1912) 'amaraeformis'

[Rec. 60G.1a, McNeill et al. 2006]. Ind. loc.: “Hab. secus torrentes montis des diamantes 23. VI. 1906 n. 557 (Faurie) ibidem 18. VIII. 1902 (T. Uchiyama).” Type: LT (proposed): [Korea], secus torrentes montis des diamants, U. Faurie 557, 23.vi.1906 (TI!); isolectotype (P 00279344!). Other original material: Corea, Mt. Kongo-san [in Japanese], T. Uchiyama, 18.viii.1902 (TI!).

≡ C. fauriei Lév., Feddes Repert. 10: 350 (1912) non Franch. (1888), nom. illeg. Ind. loc.: “Corea: secus torrentes montis ’des diamants’, 23 jun. 1906 (Urb. Faurie,

557).” Type: LT (proposed): [Korea], secus torrentes montis des diamants, U. Faurie 557,

23.vi.1906 ( TI!) − C. yezoensis auct. non Maxim.: Y. N. Lee, Fl. Korea: 256 (1996). Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 31. PRM; 36. CHN, CHM; 38. KOR-NK, KOR-SK. Representative herbarium specimens: Asia-Temperate: Ussuri: Tatrskij Strait, coast of De-kastri bay, 1913, Logousov (LE); Ussuri: Botča valley, 1924, Šiškin 78.301 (LE); Ussuri: Oktrabrskij prisk, 1962, Ogureeva (MHA); Ussuri: Tardoki-Jani Mts., 1963, Šaga (LE, MHA); Ussuri: Privabskoe Lake, 1966, Šipalova (MHA); Ussuri: Upper Bandžal, 1984, Šlothgauer (MHA); Korea: loc. Yungoksu (temple, alt 400 m) – Nogodan (peak alt. 1507 m), Toji myun, Goorae-gun, Junranam-do, 127°35É, 35°3Ń, 1000 m, 2.6.1984, J.Murata 16042 (TI); Korea: Kangwon-do, Yangyang-gun, Seo-myun, Osek-oncheon, Sulak san, 800-1600 m, 4.7.1986, J.Murata & K.Sung-chul 21017 (TI). Cardamine acris Griseb., Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 253, 254 (1843). ≡ Cardamine raphanifolia subsp. acris (Griseb.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 512

(1903). Ind. loc.: “In regione Macedoniae et Serbiae australis: socialis in herbosis humudis et

ad rivulos m. Nidgé alt. 4400´-5500´ (substr. Marmor.), gregariae ad fontem m. Kobelitza juxta Mandram Weizensem alt. 4200´ (substr. Micasch.)!; in rivulo m. Kopaunik 5700ált (Friedr.).”

Type: LT - (Strid 1986:257): Ad fontem gregariae m. Kobelitza juxta Mandramt, s. a., Grisebach no. 943 (GOET).

Cardamine acris subsp. acris Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Ančev M., Marhold K. & Goranova M. 1997 – Bulgaria; Perný M., Tribsch A. &

Anchev M.E. 2004 - Bulgaria, Montenegro, Greece) Distribution: Europe: 13. ALB, BUL, GRC, YUG-BH, YUG-MA, YUG-MN, YUG-SE. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Bosnia and Hercegovina: Ivan Planina, in locis vallis Hlboki potok prope Bradina, ca.1200 m, 24.5.1925, K.Maly (K); Serbia: Kosovo i Metohija, östl. Čakor-Pass, ca. 35 km westl. Peć, ca. 1540 m, 8.8.1976, E.Landolt 971 (ZT); Montenegro: Mt. Bertiscus, in jugo Čakor prope Andrijevica, ca. 1700-1800 m, 29.5.1958, K.H.Rechinger 19601 (K);

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Montenegro: In rivularibus montis Ljubovički Likan supra Štavnjica gorna pr Peč, ca.1800 m, 8.1914, D.K.Vandaz (PR); Bulgaria: In subalpinis ad rivum Demjanitsa, m. Pirin, 16.7.1929, N.Stojanoff, B.Stefanoff & T.Georgieff (K); Bulgaria: a paludosis ad fontem Catal Cosma, in st. Rila australis sub caucinem Carev vrch, ca. 2100 m, 19.6.1931, N.Stojanoff & T.Georgieff (BRNOU); Bulgaria: Balkan centr.-infra cacumina Baba, 1400 m, 2.5.1902, A.Tošev (SO, SOM); Bulgaria: Zapadna Stara Planina, do Brza reka pod vrh Midzhur, 1900 m, 20.5.1993, V.Vladimirov (SO); Albania: Erammos Range, above Ersekë, by hills on bare upper slopes, ca 5500 ft, 27.6.1933, A.H.G.Alston & N.Y.Sandwith 1938 (BM); Albania: Shemeri, NE of Elbazan, 3000 ft, 22.5.1935, R.V.Pennigton (K); Albania: Distrikt Kalis, Korab, an quellingen Orten der Čafa Korabit, ca.2200 m, 1.7.1918, Dörfler 755 (WU); Macedonia: Debar, montibus Korab, prope karaul Skrtac, ca. 2300 m, 15.7.1937, F.Weber (PR); Macedonia: Debar, montibus Korab, in pratis alpinis ripam fluminis, supra pag. Žirovnica, ca. 1900 m, 16.7.1937, F.Weber (BRNM); Macedonia: Pisodesion, common in wet meadows below beech woods, 4500 ft, 3.6.1932, A.H.G.Alston & N.Y.Sandwith 635 (BM); Greece: Nom. Florinis, Mt. Piperitsa, NNE of the summit, 1800-1850 m, 11.7.1981, Strid et al. 19046 (C, B); Greece: Phthiotis: Mt Oeta, 30.6.1935, F. Guiol 2387 (BM). Cardamine acris subsp. pindicola Perný et Marhold, Folia Geobot. 39(4): 422-423 (2004). Ind. loc.: “Greece, Ioanina, North Pindhos Mts., Metsovo, Katara Pass, ca. 2.5 km S of

Mt. Katara (1820m), before crossroad to Haliki.” Type: HT - (Perný et al. 2004: 423): 29.5.2002, Perný (SAV). - Cardamine pindicola Haussknecht, nom. inval. Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Perný M., Tribsch A. & Anchev M.E. 2004 - Greece) Distribution: Europe: 13. GRC. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Greece: Distr. Konitsa, Mt. Smolika, supra Kerasovo, 19.7.1896, A.Baldacci (BM); Greece: Shapdi Schopati, 7500 ft, 3.7.1937, E.K.Balls & W.B.Courlay B3478 (BM); Greece: in declivibus borealibus supra pagum Kerasovo, 1800 m, 9.7.1958, K.H.Rechinger 21076 (C, K, W); Greece: ad fontem „Thisino“, 2000 m, 9.7.1958, K.H.Rechinger 20823 (B, W); Greece: 10 km W of Samarina, 5 km S of the village Paraskevi, N-facing slopes, 1800-1850 m, 15.6.1976, P.Hartvig, C.Baden & S.G.Christiansen 5890 (C); Greece: W Macedonia, nom. Grevenon, Ep. Grevenon, the valley between Mt. Gomara and Mt. Vasilitsa, ca.7 km SW of Samarina, 1750 m, 24.6.1976, P.Hartvig, C.Baden & S.G.Christiansen 5275 (C), Greece: Pindus Tymphaeus, in summo montis Zygos (Lakmon veter.) supra Metzovo, alt. 4500-5000 ft, 7.1885, C.Haussknecht (JE); Greece: distr. Ioannina, ad confines Thessaliae, Montes Pindus, in jugo Katara supra Metsovo, ca. 1600-1800 m, 29.7.1956, K.H.Rechinger 18399 (K, W); Greece: Katara, 4 km NO of Metsovou, ca.1700 m, 3.7.1971, B.Aldén 1436 (C), Greece: Trikalon, Kalambakas, E of Katara Pass, ca.4 km E of the summit, 1400 m, 39°48Ń, 21°12É, 19.5.1985, A.Strid 24579 (C). Cardamine acris subsp. vardousiae Perný et Marhold, Folia Geobot. 39(4): 423 (2004). Ind. loc.: “Greece, Fokida, Vardousia Mts., ca. 6 km WSW of Athanasios Diakos, pass

between the hills 2340m and 2495m.” Type: HT - (Perný et al. 2004: 423): 23.6.2001, M.Perný & V.Kučera (SAV). Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Perný M., Tribsch A. & Anchev M.E. 2004 – Greece) Distribution: Europe: 13. GRC. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Greece: Nom. Fokidos, Ep. Parnassidos, Mt. Vardousia, 3.5-4 km W of Athanasios Diakos, 1900 m, 38°42Ń, 22°08É, 11.6.1985, L.-

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Å.Gustavsson 9279 (C), Greece: Vardhousia-Massiv, Stavros, 1640-1750 m, 38°42Ń, 22°7É, 31.5.1988, Willing 4770 (B); Greece: Aetolia, M.Wardusia, 16.5.1899, C.Leonis 378 (B, BRNU, FI, MA); Greece: Nom. Phthiotidos, Mt. Iti, Aufstieg von Neochorion zum Berg Petrotos, 1700 m, 16.6.1982, I.Hagemann, H.Scholz & W.Schwarz 208 (B); Greece: 5 km E of Neochorion, ca.1900 m, 23.6.1986, L.-Å.Gustavsson 9835 (C), Greece: Iti-Massiv, 3.5 km S Ipati, 38°50Ń, 22°14É, 1430 m, 5.5.1991, Willing 14.443 (B); Greece: O Neohori, W Petrotos-Gipfel, Fuss des Petrotos, 38°47´0-30´Ń, 21°13´-10´30´É, 1370-1750 m, 7.6.1991, Willing 14.725a (B); Greece: Phthiotis, Mt. Oeta [Iti], 30.6.1935, F.Guiol 2387 (BM). Cardamine africana L., Sp. Pl. 2: 655 (1753). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Africa.” Type: LT - (Sjöstedt, 1975: 9): Hermann P., Paradisus batavus, 1698, p. 202. = Cardamine borbonica Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 657 (1807).

≡ Cardamine africana „proles“ borbonica (Pers.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 415 (1903).

Ind. loc.: “Ins. Bourbon »du repos de Ľalleu et des hauts du Gol« leg. Commerson 1771, etiam simul (H. D.) .”

Type: = Cardamine holtziana Engl. & O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 416 (1903). Ind. loc.: “Africa orientalis in distr. Usambara inter Wambugu et Mlalo 1200 m alt.

legg. A. Engler et Holtz 6. 10. 1902 (H. B.) .” Type: = Cardamine javanica (Blume) Miq., Ill. Fl. Archip. Ind.: 17 (tab.10) (1871). ≡ Pteroneurum javanicum Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 51 (1825). Ind. loc.: “prope catarrhactas calidas montis Gede Provinciae Buitenzorg.” Type: = Cardamine ovata var. unijuga O.E.Schulz, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 558

(1929). Ind. loc.: “Colombia. Santader: “vicinity of La Baja” 3000m, woods along stream.” Type: HT: E.P.Kilip & A.Smith no. 18116 (GH); IT: (US).

= Cardamine chilensis DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 254 (1821). Ind. loc.:

Type: Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Koshy J.K. & Mathew P.M. – India; Jonsell 1976 – Tanzania; Morton 1993 -

Cameroon) Distribution: Africa: 22. NGA; 23. CMN, GGI-BI, GGJ-ST, RWA, ZAI; 24. ETH, SUD; 25. KEN, TAN, UGA; 26. ZAM, ZIM; 27. CPP; 29. COM, MAU, MCI, MDG, REU. Asia-Temperate: 35. YEM. Asia-Tropical: 40. IND, SRL; 43. NWG-PN; 42-43. Indonesia (SUM, MOL). Northern America: 79. MX. Southern America: 81. CUB; 82. VEN; 83. BOL, CLM, ECU; 84. BZ; 85. AGW-SA; CL, URU. Representative herbarium specimens: Africa: Tanzania: Tanganyika: Lushotho distr., 4 miles NE of Lusotho, 10.4.1955, R.B.Drummond & J.H.Hemsley (K); Tanzania: Lushotho distr., Mazumbai forest reserve, West Usambura Mts., 1500 m., 26.4.1975, F.N.Heeper & D.V.Field (K); Tanzania: Tanganyika, W. Usambaras, Mkusilusotho, 5600 ft., 19.8.1950, Verdcourt (K); Nigeria: N. Trusteeship Territory, Adamawa division, Vogel peak area, c. 2000 m., 12.12.1957, F.N.Hepper (K); Cameroon: British Cameroon, between Lyonga and Jongo above Mimba, 2900 ft., 24.3.1948, J.P.M.Brenan et al. (K); Cameroon: SW Cameroon, prov Bui division, Gazetteer: Elak, 3000 m., 10.6.1996, M.Etuge (K); Cameroon: SW Cameroon,

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prov. Bui division, Gazetteer: Summit of Mount Oku, 2950 m., 10.6.1996, S.Cable (K); Cameroon: SW Cameroon, prov Bui division, Gazetteer: KD towards Kilum, Oku, 3000 m., 10.6.1996, M.Etuge (K); Cameroon: Cameroun (YA), Province: NW, Division: Bui, Gazetteer: Elak, Mount Oku, 2700 m., 31.10.1996, P.Munyenyembe (K); Cameroon: Cameroun (YA), Province: NW, Division: Bui, Gazetteer: Elak, Mount Oku, 2500 m., 29.10.1996, B.Pillard (K); Cameroon: S.Cameroons: Bamenda Division, above 1200 m., 1958, F.N.Heeper (K); Ethiopia: Illubator prov., 30 km E of Yaiyo, on road to Bedelle, 1500 m., 26.12.1972, I.Friis et al. (K). Asia-Tropical: Sumatera: Sumatra: Siboeatan-Zuid-Rintis, 11.9.1941, H.Surbeck 533 (BM) [as Cardamine africana subsp. borbonica]; Sumatera: Sumatra: Dělěng Singkoet, north of Běrastagi, Karo Plateau, 1-5.2.1927, H.H.Barlett 6573 (K) [as Cardamine africana subsp. borbonica]; Sumatera: Sumatra: North Sumatra, Upper Mamas River valley expedition, c. 15 km W of Kutacane, 1250 m, 3°25Ń, 97°40É, 22.8.1979, J.J.O. de Wilde & B.E.E. de Wilde-Duyfjes 18359 (K) [as Cardamine africana subsp. borbonica]; Maluku: Moluccas: Seram Isl., C. Seram, Manusela National Park, between Hatume to Hoae Pass, 570-1200m, 17.11.1993, H.Kato, K.Ueda & U.Mahjar 578 (TI); Maluku: Manusela National Park, G. Binaia above Kanikeh village, 2800 m, 8.9.1987, G.Argent C87145 (K); Maluku: Manusela National Park, north side of Gunong Binaia, 1500 m, 12.9.1987, G.Argent C87177 (K); India: Palni (Pulney) Hills, Timilnadu (formerly Madras) state, loc. Dindigul, distr. Kodaikanal, Bombay shola, Bombay shola, 2100 m, 20.11.1985, K.M.Matthew, A.Usha & N.Rajendren 42878 (K); Sri Lanka: Ceylon: Foot trail from Ohiya to Horton Plains, Nuwara Eliya Distr., Central Prov., ca. 2400 m, 12.12.1970, N.Balakrishnan (K); Sri Lanka: Ceylon: Central prov., Nuwara Eliya Distr., Ohiya, under shade on rocks beside stream in secondary montane forest, ca. 1400 m, 15.5.1975, L.H.Cramer 4469 (K); Sri Lanka (Ceylon): Hakgala, Hakgala Bot. Gardens, 28.11.1981, Chien-chang Hsu 32433 (TI). Southern America: Bolivia: Yungas, 1890, A.Miguel Bang 227 (K); Ecuador: In Andibus Ecuadorensibus, 9.1857, R.Spruce 5378 (K, BM); Venezuela: Moritz, 7-8.1865, Caripe 369 (BM); Venezuela: Krust, 15-17.1.1865, Galipar 1104 (BM) [as Cardamine chilensis]; Venezuela: between Trujillo and Bocono, 2450 m, 21.1.1938, A.H.G.Alston 6502 (BM); Colombia: Boyacá, Pajarito, corregimiento de Corinto, 2200 m, 13.10.1967, G.Lozano et al. 900 (COL); Colombia: Cesar, Serranía de Perijá, Manuare, „El Cinco“, 72°57´W, 10°26Ń, 2640 m, 16.11.1993, M.Pardo et al 370 (COL); Colombia: Cundinamarca, Quetame a „Susumuco“, 1400 m, 24.8.1917, F.Pennell 1344 (NY); Colombia: Nariño, Samaniego, a 5 km de la cumbre Samaniego, Ancuya, 2200 m, 25.10.1986, O. de Benavides 7125 (PSO). Cardamine albertii O.E.Schulz, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10 (94): 342 (1928).

Ind. loc.: “Eastern Cordillera, Dept. Santader, Edge of Páramo de las Vegas, alt. 3300-3700m.” Type: HT: 20-21.12.1926, P.Killip & A.Smith no. 15595 (US).

= Cardamine alberti var. minor O.E.Schulz, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10(94): 342 (1928). Ind. loc.: “Dept. Santader, western slope of Páramo Rico, alt. 3300-3600 m.” Type: HT: 15-19.1.1927, E.P.Killip & A.Smith no. 17766 (US); IT: (NY).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 83. CLM. Representative herbarium specimens: Southern America: Colombia: Arauca, Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, quebrada el playón, plan de San José, fondo pantanoso del valle, 3620 m, 9.6.1973, A.Cleef 10072 (COL); Colombia: Boyacá, Duitama, páramo de Belén, 3900 m, 30.9.1986, O.Range et al. 4049 (COL); Colombia: Cesar, Sierra del Perijá, „eastern of

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Manaure“, cerro Venado, 3200 m, 8.11.1959, J.Cuatrecasas & R.Romero-Castañeda 25110 (COL, NY, US); Colombia: Cundinamarca, páramo del Palcio, cabeceras del río Negro, km 19 de la carretera, 3400 m, 17.8.1972, A.Cleef 5153 (COL); Colombia: Meta, Páramo del Sumapaz, Cubarral, orilla de la laguna de la Guitarra, 3380-3420 m, 4.71981, S.Diaz-P. 2409 (COL); Colombia: Norte de Santader, „loso and vicinity (north of Toledo)“, 2200-2400 m, 6-7.3.1927, E.P.Killip & Smith 20371 (GH, MO, NY, US); Colombia: Quindió, La Lora „to Summit, new Quindio trail“, sin altura, 14.8.1922, E.P.Killip 9769 (GH, NY, US); Colombia: Santader, páramo de Romeral, 3800-4100 m, 29-30 ene 1927, E.P.Killip & Smith 18531 (GH, US); Colombia: Tolima, Santa Isabel, cordillera Central, valle del río Totarito, entre el Paso del Español y la Ermita, 3700 m, 9.2.1980, Díaz-P. & Jaramillo 1989 (COL). Cardamine altaica Lippmaa, Acta Inst. Horti Bot. Tartuensis 1: 6 (1926).

Ind. loc.: not designated. Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 30. ALT. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine altigena O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 62: 479 (1929). Ind. loc.: “Nordöstl. Neu-Guinea: Saruwaged-Gebirge, 3600-4000m.” Type: Keysser no. 52 Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Tropical: 43. NWG-IJ, NWG-PN. endemic Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine amara L., Sp. Pl.: 656 (1753). Ind. loc.: “In Europae septentrionalis nemoribus.” Type: LT - (Khatri 1989: 92): LINN no.835.17. = Cardamine umbrosa Lej., Fl. Spa 2: 63 (1813). Ind. loc.: “Prés de Malmedy.” Type: ≡ Cardamine amara var. umbrosa (Lej.) DC., Syst. Nat., ed. 2: 255 (1821). ≡ Cardamine libertiana Lej., Rev. Fl. Spa: 135 (1824) (nom. illeg. – art. 63). = Cardamine crassifolia Opiz, Naturalientausch 11: 412 (1826). Ind. loc.: “Boëmiae in Sudetis ad rivulos im Reisengrund (Opiz Auth. Herb. no. 450,

8.1.1826).” Type: HT: Boëmiae in Sudetis ad rivulos im Reisengrund, 1812, Opiz (PR no.

321962). ≡ Cardamine amara var. crassifolia (Opiz) Beck, Fl. Nieder-Österreich: 453 (1892). = Cardamine amara var. foliolata Plocek, Sborn. Severočesk. Mus., Přír. Vědy 15:15 (1986). Ind. loc.: “Jizerské hory, prope vicum Lučany, in loco “Krähwinkel“ infra montem

Bramberk, secus rivum juxta Alnetum.” Type: HT: Jizerské hory, prope vicum Lučany, in loco “Krähwinkel“ infra montem

Bramberk, secus rivum juxta Alnetum, 1974, Plocek (LIM). Cardamine amara subsp. amara Chromosome number:

7

n=8 (Favarger C. 1965 – France; Rohweder H. 1937 - Germany) 2n=16 (Gadella Th.W.J. & Kliphuis E. 1963 – Netherlands; Gadella Th.W.J. & Kliphuis E.

1970 - France; Al-Bermani et al. 1993 – Great Britain; Urbanska-Worytkiewicz K. & Landolt E. 1972, 1974 – Switzerland; Urbanska-Worytkiewicz K. 1977, 1978 – Switzerland; Banach-Pogan E. 1955 – Poland; Skalińska M. 1950 – Poland; Sokolovskaya A.P. 1972 – Russia [Leningrad distr.]; Májovský et al. 1978 – Slovakia; Lippert W.& Heubl G.R. 1988 – Germany; Semerenko L.V. 1985 – Belarus; Dmitrieva S.A. 1985 – Belarus; Manton I. 1932 – France; Lövkvist B. 1957 – Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, France; Spasskaya N.A. 1979 – Russia, Ukraine [Jaroslavskaya, Ivano-Frankovskaya, Zakarpatskaya, Ľvovskaya, Kharkovskaya, Leningradskaya, Pskovskaya, Novgorodskaya distr.]; Marhold K. 1994 – Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Romania; Měsíček J. & Javůrková-Jarolímová J. 1992 – Czech Republic; Marhold K. 1991 – Slovakia, Poland; Ančev M., Marhold K. & Goranova M. 1997 – Bulgaria; Májovský et al. 2000 – Slovakia; Lihová J., Marhold K. & Neuffer B. 2000 – Slovakia)

Distribution: Europe: 10. DEN, FIN, GRB, IRE-NI, IRE-IR, NOR, SWE; 11. AUT-AU, AUT-LI, BGM-BE, BMG-LU, CZE-CZ, CZE-SK, GER, HUN, NET, POL, SWI; 12. COR, FRA-FR; 13. BUL, GRC, ITA-IT, ROM, YUG-BH, YUG-CR, YUG-MA, YUG-MN, YUG-SE, YUG-SL; 14. BLR, BLT-ES, BLT-KA, BLT-LA, BLT-LI, UKR-MO, UKR-UK, RUC, RUE, RUN, RUS, RUW. Asia-Temperate: 30. WSB. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Great Britain: Norfolk, Spring Walks, Thetford, 19.5.1908, H.Dixon Hewitt (K); Finland: pr. Hudiksvall Helsingio passim, Jun 1864, F.Ahlberg (K); Sweden: Paroecia Ragunda, Kullsta, 21.6.1930, G.Samuelson (K); Sweden: Öland, Vickebly par., L.Vickebly, 8.7.1966, C.M.Norrman (C); Norwey: Vestfold Stokke, Gjennestadrann, öst-enden, i skogkanten, red bekk, 17.6.1964, I.Kaasa (C); Estonia: Runö, 17.7.1928, J.Grøntved (C), Estonia: Estonia media, parish of Tarta-Maarja in an immerged meadow N of Tartu, 19.5.1936, K.Eichwald (PR); Russia: Prov. Mosqua, distr. Zwenigorod, in umbrosis ad ripus rivuli, 15.6.1900 fl., 10.7.1900 fr., A.Choroschkow (C), Poland: Regio Subcarpatica (distr. Przemyśl), inter pagos Bircza et Cisowa, 13.5.1971, A.Jasiewicz & D.Tumidajowicz (C), Germany: Bavaria, In fossis prope „Bamberg“, 240 m, 5.1910, K.Harz (C, PR), France: Calvados, Roques, caut. De Lisieux, 5.1848, Durand-Duguesney (PRC, C); Czech republic: Bohemia centralis, In ripa rivuli Kačák prope vicum Hostín, 19.5.1939, M.Deyl (C), Slovakia: Comit. Liptó, in valle rivi Mlinica, prope Važec, ca. 850 m, 5.7.1933, W.Glatz (BP); Slovakia: Carpati minores, in humidis silvarum a monte Vysoka orientem versus, ca.400 m, 29.5.1932, K.H.Rechinger (BP); Austria: Obergurgl, Ötztal-Tirol, immadiately by a little stream in a very humid meadow between Pirchhütt and Obergurgl, 1900 m, 18.7.1968, G.I.Olsen (C), Slovenija: Bevče při Velenju, os vodnem jarku, 400 m, 25.4.1977, D.Naglič (LIU); Romania: Transsilvania, distr. Năsăud, in aquosis ad fontem prati montani „Tiganul“ prope pagum Mureşenii Bârgăului, 29.4.1937, S.Forstner (BP); Romania: Montes Retezat, in monte versus orient. supra casam Zlata Gura, 2.7.1970, J.Soják (PR); Italy: Veneto, in paludosis prope Misurina (Belluno), 1756 m, 22.4.1958, G.Moggi (FI). Cardamine amara subsp. austriaca Marhold, Bot. Helv. 109(1): 77 (1999).

Ind. loc.: “Hohe Tauern, [Goldberggruppe], Grossfragant region, Schobertal, near the rivulet Schoberbach, 2050 m.” Type: HT: 7.7.1992, Marhold (SAV); IT: (W, WU).

Chromosome number: 2n=32 (Gadella Th. W.J., Kliphuis E. & Kramer K.U. 1970 – Austria [Steiermark]; Teppner

H. 1980 – Austria [Steiermark]; Habeler E. 1963 – Austria; Lövkvist B. 1957 –

8

Austria; Marhold K. 1999 – Austria, Slovenia; Lihová J. & Marhold K. 2003 - Slovenia)

Distribution: Europe: 11. AUT-AU, CZE-CZ; 13. YUG-CR, YUG-SL. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Slovenia: Julian Alps, Kranjska Gora, Planica, Tamar valley, 15.6.1995, K.Marhold (SAV); Slovenia: Gorenjska, okolica Tržiča, travnik při gostišču Smuk, na levi strani směr Duplje – Križe, 490 m, 7.5.1995, U.Bidovec (LJU); Slovenia: Štajerska, Hrastje při Mariboru, zgornji del Ludmerske grabe, 320 m, 6.5.1995, N.Mori (LJU). Cardamine amara subsp. balcanica Marhold, Ančev & Kit Tan, Ann. Bot. Fenn. 33: 201 (1996). Ind. loc.: “Bulgaria, Pirin Mts, valley of the river Demjanica, near Demjanica chalet,

1850 m.” Type: HT: 29.6.1995, Ančev & Marhold (SOM); IT: (B, C, SAV).

Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Ančev M., Marhold K. & Goranova M. 1997 – Bulgaria; Marhold K., Ančev M.E. &

Kit Tan 1996 - Bulgaria) Distribution: Europe: 13. BUL, GRC. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Bulgaria: Mt. Rodopi, by Elatia forest station, 1550 m, 41°28´N, 24°19´E, Th.Arambatzis, E.Bergmeier, N.Cronberg, A.Strid, Kit Tan & V.Vladimirov (C), Bulgaria: Rila, in uliginosis prope l.d. „Kartala“ intra reservatum Parangalica, ca. 1500 m, 3.6.1975, I.Bondev, N.Andreev & L.Slavova (JE, PR). Cardamine amara subsp. opicii (J.Presl & C.Presl) Čelak., Prodr. Fl. Böhmen: 449 (1875). ≡ Cardamine opicii J.Presl. & C.Presl., Fl. Čech.: 136 (1819). Ind. loc.: “Glacky Schneeberg et Brunnberg Sudet. (Opiz.).” Type: LT - (Marhold & Hrouda 1993: 102): Brunnberg, s.a., Opiz (PR). ≡ Cardamine amara L. var. opicii (J. Presl. & C. Presl.) Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 675

(1832). = Cardamine amara var. subalpina W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1: 44 (1835). Ind. loc.: “In scaturiginosis subalpinis Sudetorum (in Schlesien und Böhmen auf dem

Schneeberge, am Ochsenstalle des Altvaters, am Peterstein).” Type: = Cardamine bielzii Schur, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 64

(1853). Ind. loc.: “In der Gegend der Piatra Arsze südlich von Bánfi Hunyad (A. Bieltz).” Type: HT: In der Gegend von Piatra Arsze, 8.1847, Bieltz (LW). Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Marhol K. 1994 – Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Romania; Banach-

Pogan E. 1955 – Poland; Měsíček J. & Javůrková-Jarolímová J. 1992 – Czech Republic; Marhold K. 1991 – Poland, Slovakia; Lihová J., Marhold K. & Neuffer B. 2000 – Slovakia; Skalińska M. 1950 – Poland; Pashuk K.T. 1987 – Ukraine; Májovský et al. 1987 – Slovakia; Spasskaya N.A. 1979 – Russia [Ivano-Frankovskaya obl.])

Distribution: Europe: 11. CZE-CZ, CZE-SK, POL; 13. ROM; 14. UKR-UK. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Poland: Rezerwat Pod Rysianka, 1965, Białecka (KRA); Slovakia: Kremnica, Kordícke sedlo, 1989, Marhold (SAV); Slovakia: Tatra Magna, in valle Mlynica in locis innudatis, 1700 m, 20.8.1963, R.Moldvai (BP); Slovakia: Sivý vrch, 1928, Scheffer (SLO); Slovakia: Pilsko, Bystrý potok, 1989, Grulich (MMI);

9

Slovakia: Martinské hole, 1924, Futák (SLO); Ukraine: Oblasť Zakarpatska, Rajon Voloveckyj, Pikuj, 1937, Margittai (BP); Oblasť Zakarpatska, Rajon Rachivskyj, Pip Ivan, 1947, Bradis (KW); Romania: Mţii Maramureşului, Vf. Galatului, 1835, Herbich (KRAM); Romania: Mţii Rodnei, Piatra Rei, 1900, Pax (BP); Romania: Mţii Retezatului, Zănoguta, 1933, Borza & E.I.Nyárády (CL). Cardamine amara subsp. pyrenaea Sennen, Monde Pl. 30(63/178): 6 (1929). Ind. loc.: “Nuria, bords des torrents, 2000 m et plus; Val de Llo, 1650 m; Val ďEyne,

2150 m.” Type: LT - (Lihová et al. 2000: 760): Catalogne: Pyrénées à Nuria, torrents, 2100 m,

21 July 1914, Sennen (BC 827121); ILT: (BM 99973). = Cardamine amara subsp. siifolia Sennen, Monde Pl., Ser. 3, 30(63/178): 6-7 (1929). Ind. loc.: “Le Canigou, le Cambredase, le Capcir: région alpine inférieure.” Type: LT - (Lihová et al. 2000: 760): Cerdagne au Cambredase, torrents S. Pierre,

1750 m, 22 July 1916, Sennen (BC 03122). Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Lihová J., Marhold K. & Neuffer B. 2000 – Andorra, Spain) Distribution: Europe: 12. FRA-FR, SPA-AN, SPA-SP. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Spain: Aranser, Sota Prat Miró, 1980 m, 17.6.1990, Carrillo (BBC); Spain: Val ď Eyne, 4.8.1924, Barnades (BC); Spain: Noufonts prés Nuria, 2100 m, 1 et 4.8.1913, Sennen (BM); Spain: inter Núria et Nou-Creus, 2200 m, 7.1950, Capell (BC); Spain: Queralbs, Vall de Ribes-Font de ľHome Mort, 1850 m, 21.7.1968, Vigo & Anglada (BC); Spain: Vall de Ribes, Coma de Vaca, 2150 m, 30.6.1961, Vigo (BC), Andorra: Planells ď Arcalís, 3.7.1980, Soriano (BCC); Andorra: Pla Sorteny, Valle de Incles, near Rio a Junclar, 1900-2000 m, 8.1949, Losa & Montserrat (BCF); France: Cerdagne, au Cambredase [Cambras ď Azé], 1900 m, 3.8.1916, Sennen (BC); France: Le Cambredase [Cambras ď Azé], 1800 m, 9.8.1919, Sennen (BC); France: Ruisseaux du Canigou, 7.1872, Cosson (P); France: Capcir, V. de Galbe, Espoussouille, 1750 m, 9.6.1983, Montserrat & Villar (MA). Cardamine amporitana Sennen & Pau, Bull. Int. Géogr. Bot. 20 (259): 104-105 (1911). Ind. loc.: “Espagne, Catalogue, risseau del Macho á Cabanas.”

Type: LT - (Lihová et al. 2000: 761): Catalogne, Cabanas, ruisseau; Cabanas, bords du ruisseau Gordo del Macho, 4 June 1908, Sennen (MA 47582); ILT: P, BC 03152, BC – Sennen 827115, 805503, MA 47581.

≡ Cardamine amara var. parviflora Cadevall, Fl. Catalunya 1: 136 (1915). Ind. loc.: “al Empordá; reguerols de Cabanes (Sen.!).”

Type: LT - (Lihová et al. 2000: 761): Catalogne, Cabanas, ruisseau; Cabanas, bords du ruisseau Gordo del Macho, 4 June 1908, Sennen (MA 47582); IT: (P, BC 03152, BC – Sennen 827115, 805503, MA 47581).

= Cardamine amara subsp. olotensis O.Bolós, Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 3: 187-188 (1952). Ind. loc.: “Olot, Parc Nou.” Type: HT: Olot, in pratis humidis Parc Nou, 1.5.1950, A. de Boloós (BC, no. 112809). = Cardamine amara var. grandiflora Bertol., Fl. Ital.: 31-32 (1847). Ind. loc.: “Piceno a Monteferino all’ Acqua viva, monte di Bacucco.” Type: unknown Chromosome number: 2n=32 (Lihová J., Marhold K. & Neuffer B. 2000 - Spain) Distribution: Europe: 12. SPA-SP; 13. ITA-IT.

10

Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Spain: Gerona, 6.1837, R. de Bolòs (BC); Spain: Maçanet de la Selva, 60 m, 15.5.1987, Vilar (HGI); Spain: Martorell, de la Selva, 100 m, 5.5.1943, A. de Bo Bolòs (BC); Spain: Montseny, Gualba, 15.5.1915, Font Quer (BC); Spain: Montseny, Santa Fe, 1100 m, 21.7.1948, O. de Bolòs (BC); Spain: Olot, 5.1977, A.C.Costa (BC); Spain: Querós, 300 m, 1.5.1949, Llensa (BC); Spain: Santa Coloma de Farners, 200 m, 15.4.1986, Vilar (HGI); Spain: Tordera, 35 m, 22.4.1945, Font Quer (BC); Spain: La Vajol, 540 m, 19.5.1996, Font (HGI); Spain: Ventalló, 5 m, 31.3.1999, Gesti (HGI). Cardamine anemonoides O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 341 (1903).

Ind. loc.: “Insula Schikoku: provincia Tosa pr. Nanokawa leg. K. Watanabe 17.4.1890 (H. C.); insula Hondo: in jugo Amaki-san leg. qui? 25.5.1897 (H.N.). – Ex Maxim. l. c. ins. Kiusiu centralis: in jugo Kundshoshan. – Ex Matsumura l. c. ins. Hondo: prov. Shimotsuke leg. Okubo 1889, prov. Musashi leg. Matsumura 1878, prov. Izu legg. Okubo 1883, Matsumura 1894; ins. Shikoku: prov. Tosa leg. Makino.”

Type: = Cardamine matsumurana Nemoto, Fl. Jap. Suppl.: 236 (1936). ≡ Dentaria corymbosa Matsum., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 13(146): 52 (1899).

Ind. loc.: “Hab. Prov. Shimotsuke, Nikko ubi madio Maio florens, legit Okubo anno 1889; prov. Musashi, in regionibus montosis sylvaticis lage ipse anno 1878; prov. Izu, in sylvaticis ubi fl. Aprili fr. Junio mat. legit Okubo anno 1883, ipse anno 1894; prov. Tosa, legit Makino.”

Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 38. JAP-HN, JAP-KY, JAP-SH. Representative herbarium specimens: Asia-Temperate: Japan: Pref. Tokyo, Nishitama-gun, Okutama-cho, along the Kawanori valley, 24.4.1982, E.Miki 2025 (KYO). Cardamine angulata Hook., Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hooker) 1: 44 (1840).

Ind. loc.: “Hab. Banks of the Columbia. Scouler. Douglas.” Type:

= Dentaria grandiflora Raf., Atlantic Journ. Fasc. Fl. Oregon: 47 (1833). Ind. loc.: Type:

= Cardamine angulata var. alba Nutt., Fl. N. Amer. 1: 84 (1838). Ind. loc.: “ Banks of the Oregon, Scouler ! and near the outlet of the Wahlamet, Nuttall !.” Type:

= Cardamine angulata var. pentaphylla O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 407 (1903). Ind. loc.: “Washington: in valle super. Fl. Nesqually (Cascade Mts.) leg. O. D. Allen 1895 n. 128a (H.B., H.C., H.N.), 128a; Oregon: in Multnomah Co. leg. Thom. J. Howell 1877 (H.C.).” Type:

= Cardamine angulata var. hirsuta O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 407 (1903). Ind. loc.: “Oregon: pr. Portland legg. A. Kellogg et W. G. W. Harford 1869 n. 53 (H. N.), pr. Baker City leg. R. D. Nerius 1875 (H. C.).” Type:

11

Chromosome number: n=20, 2n=40 (Mulligan G.A. 1965 - Canada) Distribution: Northern America: 70. ASK; 71. BRC; 73. ORE, WAS; 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Northern America: USA: Oregon, Sauvies Island, 5. 1881, Th.J.Howell (PR); USA: Oregon, Sauvies Island, Rich woods, 5.1880, Th.J.Howell (PR). Cardamine angustata O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 349 (1903).

Ind. loc.: “Vermont: pr. Peacham leg. A. F. Stevens 1892 (H. N.); Pennsylvania: pr. Philadelphia leg. Torrey 1841 (H. Boiss.), ibidem pr. Wissahickon (locus classicus!) leg. E. Diffenbaugh 1863 (H. C.), Juniata River Hills pr. Warriorsmark leg. J. R. Lowrie (H. P. Ac.), pr. Alexandria leg. Porter (H. V.), Westmoreland Co. Leg. P. E. Pierron 1876 (H. V. U.) et 1877 (H. N.); Maryland: pr. Washington legg. Vasey 1873, 1874 (H. N., H. P. Ac.), L. J. Ward 1888 (H. C.), E. S. Steele 1897 (H. D.), Th. Holm 1899 (H. Vr.), High Island leg. C. L. Pollard 1895, pr. Notley Hall leg. F. V. Coville, pr. Blagden’s Mill Road leg. D. L. Topping 1896 (H. N.), Harpersferry Heights leg. S. Watson 1890 (H. C.), Upshur Co. leg. W. M. Pollock 1895 (H. N.), 1897 (H. B. Boiss., H. N.); Virginia: pr. Lynch (= Lynchburg?) leg. J. Fauntleray 1897 (H. Z.), pr. Marion leg. E. W. Cathcart 1892 (H. N.); Kentucky: leg. Hooker 1837 (H. V.), pr. Lexington ad Licking river leg. R. Peter 1833 (H. Britton); Tennessee: (H. Boiss., H. N.), leg. Wilkinson (H. C.), pr. Knoxville legg. S. M. Bain 1894 et A. Ruth 1898 (H. N.), Smoky Ms. leg. Rugel 1844 (H. Boiss.); North Carolina: leg. Rugel 1841 (H. Boiss.), pr. Biltmore 1897 Biltmore Herb. n. 366a (H. C., H. N., H. V., H. Z.); South Carolina: pr. Boykins legg. Torrey et Gray (H. C.); Georgia: pr. Tallapoosa leg. P. M. Way 1900 (H. N.); Alabama: Right bank Warrior river, 5 m. above Tuscaloosa leg. L. F. Ward 1892 (H. N.).” Type:

= Cardamine heterophylla (Nutt.) A.Wood., Amer. Bot. Fl.: 38 (1875). ≡ Dentaria heterophylla Nutt., Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 66 (1818). Ind. loc.: “Hab. In the western Pennsylvania; (in the shady Fir woods on the banks of

Wishahikon creek, a few miles from Philadelphia.” Type: = Cardamine angustata var. ouachitana E.B.Sm., Brittonia 34: 379 (1982). Ind. loc.: “Range: Endemic to the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas.” Type: HT: Arkansas: Polk Co.: common along the Cossatot River, 12.1 mi S of the jct.

Of Hwys 375 and 8 near Mena, 19 Mar 1982, E.B.Smith no. 3664 (UARK); IT: (MO, NY, US).

Chromosome number: 2n=ca.128 (Rollins R.C. 1993 – U.S.A) 2n=ca.128 (Montgomery F.H. 1955 – U.S.A as Dentaria heterophylla) Distribution: Northern America: 74. OKL; 75. INI, NWJ, OHI, PEN, WVA; 78. ALA, ARK, DEL, GEO, KTY, MRY, MSI, NCA, SCA, TEN, VRG, WDC. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine anhuiensis D.C.Zhang & J.Z.Shao, Bull. Bot. Res. 6(2): 127 (1986). Ind. loc.: “Anhui: Tong-ling Xian, Lang-Keng, alt. 200m.”

12

Type: HT: (D.C.Zhang & J.Z.Shao 1986: 127): 14.4.1985, Shao Jian-Zhang no. 84050 (AIB); IT: (JSBI).

= Cardamine jinshaensis Q.H.Chen & T.L.Xu, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 15(4): 361 (1993). Ind. loc.: “Guizhou: Jincha Xian, Qingmen, alt. 1000 m, in sylvis humidis.” Type: HT: 26.4.1988, Qianxi Exped. (HGAS).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHC-GZ, CHS-HN, CHC-HU, CHS-AH, CHS-JS, CHS-JX, CHS-ZJ. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine apennina Lihová, Pl. Syst. Evol. 245(1-2): 85 (2004). Ind. loc.: “Italy, Abruzzo, Lago di Campotosto, Le Serre, 1340m.” Type: HT: 27.5.2000, Lihová et al. (SAV). Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Lihová J., Tribsch A. & Stuessy T.F. 2003 - Italy) Distribution: Europe: 13. ITA-IT. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Italy: in silvaticis agri lucensis prope Ponte S. Quirico, 10.4.1882, Arcangeli (PI); Italy: dintori di S. Quirico (Lucca), 4.1903, Barsali (PI); Italy: Cerbaie, Vallino a nord della Querce, 26.4.1951, Pichi-Sermolli & B. di Moisé (FI); Italy: Nel Lucchese S. Allessio nei campi, 30.3.1876, Bottini (PI); Italy: Nella selva di Coltano, 10.4.1911, Barsali (PI); Italy: Poggio, alter Park bei der „Pavoneria“, 16.4.1974, Urbanska & Landolt 868 (ZT); Italy: Cerbaie, ca 2 km NE von Quattro-Strade, 16.4.1974, Urbanska & Landolt (ZT); Italy: Mulinacio, limite del bosco verso S. Galgano, 23.4.1980, Persiano & Regni (SIENA); Italy: Parco nazionale del Gran Sasso-Laga, Lago di Campotosto, 1330 m, 30.5.1999, Tinti (CAME); Italy: Parco nazionale del Gran Sasso-Laga, Voltigno, Villa Celiera 1360 m, 7.6.1999, Conti (CAME); Italy: Monti Sibillini, S. Maria Pantano, 1000-1150 m, 4.6.1955, Marchesoni (CAME); Italy: Piani di Rascino e verso Petrella Salto, 24.6.1982, Anzalone (RO – Erbario Anzalone). Cardamine appendiculata Franch. & Sav., Enum. Pl. Jap.: 281 (1879).

Ind. loc.: “Hab. probabiliter in Japonia boreali, unde habuit cum C. dasyloba confusam Dr Savatier.”

Type: ≡ Dentaria appendiculata (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 13(146): 51 (1899). ≡ Cardamine macrophylla var. appendiculata (Franch. et Sav.) Yatabe,

Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 38. JAP-HN. Representative herbarium specimens: Asia-Temperate: Japan: Honshu, Pref. Hyogo, Oosasa, Muraoka-cho, Mikata-gun, 570 m, 23.5.1999, T.Takanashi 2778 (KYO). Cardamine arakiana Koidz., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5:119 (1936).

≡ D. arakiana Koidz., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 119 (1936). Ind. loc.: “Hab. Japonia: prov. Tamba, Amadagun, Nishinakasujimura, Oki (leg. Y. Araki, 1936.).”

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Type: IT: 18.5.1936, Y.Araki no.13935 (TI). Chromosome number: 2n=32 (Rashid A., Ohba H. & Kurosaki N. 1992 - Japan) Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 38. JAP-HN. Representative herbarium specimens: Asia-Temperate: Japan: Honshu, Pref. Okayama, Iwayadani, Bitchucho, Kawakami-gun, 1.4.1979, I.Okubo (KYO). Cardamine armoracioides Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 293 (1854). Ind. loc.: “Venezuela.” Type: HT: I.Linden no. 1416 (K); IT: (K). Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 82. VEN; 83. CLM. Representative herbarium specimens: Southern America: Colombia: Magdalena, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, „E of La Finca de Cortés, 0,5 km“, 2800-3000 m, ca.10°54´N, 73°58´W, 3.8.1972, J.Kirkbride, Jr. & E.Forero 1860 (COL, NY); Colombia: campamento Pico Bolívar, 3200 m, s. data, s. coll. (COL, No.48857). Cardamine asarifolia L., Sp. Pl.: 654 (1753). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Alpibus Italicis.”

Type: LT - (Marhold 1996:144): Hermann P., Paradisus batavus, 1698, the first plate belonging to p.203, entlited „NASTURTIUM Montanum Assari folio.

Chromosome number: 2n=14 (Lawrence W.J.C. 1931 – without locality) – doubtful record 2n=16 (Manton I. 1932 – without locality) – doubtful record Distribution: Europe: 11. SWI; 12. FRA-FR; 13. ITA-IT. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Italy: Montognes de Como, 1834, Moretti (K); France: Bouzeiyas puis le col de Pelouse (Alpes Maritimes), 2100 m, 20.6.1889, J.E.Lardiére (ZT); France: Flora Pedemontana, boros de ľEllero dans la haute vallée, 6.8.1911, Jacquet (ZT); France: Alpes Maritimes Tende, á Caramagno, 28.6.1886, E.Reverchon (K); Switzerland: Val Poschiavo, Grisons, 1860, Leresche & Muret (K). Cardamine aschersoniana O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 410 (1903).

Ind. loc.: “Venezuela pr. Tovar legg. Moritz 5. (c. 1836) n. 369, Gollmer 13. 4. 1854 (H. Hier. in H. B.), 2340-2670 m A. Fendler 9. 3. 1855 n. 22, idem 24. 6. 1855 n. 23ß (H. C.).”

Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 82. VEN. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine astoniae I. Thomps., Muelleria 9:156 (1996).

Ind. loc.: “Victoria, Snowfields, Bogong High Plains, between Rocky Valley Reservoir and Basalt Hill, Falls Creek area, 36°54´S, 147°18´E, 1650 m.”

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Type: HT: 28.12.1994, Ian Thompson no. 84 (MEL). Chromosome number: Distribution: Australasia: 50. NSW-NS, VIC, TAS. Representative herbarium specimens: Australasia: Australia: N side of Mt. Cope, Bogong High Plains, 1966, A.C.Beauglehole 15508 (MEL); Australia: Timbarra R, Nunniong plateau, east Gippsland, 1964, J.H.Willis (MEL); Australia: at Pretty Valley, Bogong High Plains, 27.12.1958, H.I.Aston 182 (MEL); Australia: Bucketty Plain, N.G.Walsh 3602 (MEL), Australia: Mt. Loch, 28.12.1994, I.R.Thompson 83 (MEL); Australia: S branch of Back Flat Creek, 0.25 mile (0.4 km) SE of Grey Mare Hut (upper Geehi R. district), 28.12.1968, A.Rodd 717 (NSW); Australia: Merritt’s Creek, Kosciusko area, 10.1.1960, B.G.Briggs (NSW); Australia: Saxby’s Creek, 1 km NW of Carey’s Peak, Barrington Tops, 29.12.1969, J.Pickard 821 (NSW); Tasmania: Leary’s Corner, Middlesex plains, 17.11.1986, A.Moscal 13508 (HO). Cardamine auriculata S.Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 319 (1882).

Ind. loc.: “At Guajaco,Nuevo Leon.” Type: IT: E.Palmer no. 49 (NY).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 79. MXE-CO, MXE-HI, MXE-NL, MXE-SL, MXE-TA. Representative herbarium specimens: Northern America: Mexico: State of Nuevo Loen, limestone ledges of the Sierra Madre above Monterey, 3000 ft, 10.3.1906, C.G.Pringle (PR). Cardamine balnearia Standl. & Steyerm., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23(3): 157

(1944). Ind. loc.: “Guatemala: Dept. Quezaltenango: Wet mossy bank, Aguas Amargas, western slope of Volcán de Zunil, alt. about 2,450 meters, January 14, 1941, Paul C. Standley 83332 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).”

Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 80. GUA. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine barbareoides Halácsy, Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss.

Kl. 61: 228-229 (1894). Ind. loc.: “An einem Giessebache der oberen Region des Peristeri des oberhalb des Dorfes Syraku. Höhe 1500 m.”

Type: LT - (Perný et al. in press): Dr. E. von Halácsy, Iter graecum secundum a. 1893, Epirus boreali-orientalis, Gregarie ad rivulos regionis montis Peristeri supra pagum Syraku, alt. 1500, 14.6.1893, E. v. Halácsy (WU – Hal); IT: (B, BP, C, PRC, WU – Hal).

≡ Cardamine raphanifolia subsp. barbareoides (Halácsy) Strid, Mount. Fl. Greece 1: 257 (1986).

≡ Cardamine amara subsp. barbareoides (Halácsy) Maire et Petitm., Étud. Pl. Vasc. Gréce: 26 (1908).

Chromosome number: 2n=32 (Perný M., Lihová J., Tribsch A. & Marhold K. in press - Greece) Distribution: Europe: 13. GRC.

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Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Greece: Epirus: Montes Smolika, in declivibus borealibus supra pagum Kerasovo, 2000 m, 9.7.1958, K.H.Rechingen (K); Greece: Pindus Tymphaeus, in summo montis Zygos (Lakmon veter.), supra Metovo, 4500-5000 ft, 6.1885, C.Haussknecht (JE); Greece: Epirus boreali-orientalis, Gregariae ad rivulos regionis superioris mt. Peristeri supra pagum Syraku, 1500 m, 14.6.1893, E.Halácsy (K). Cardamine battagliae Cesca & Peruzzi, Pl. Biosystems 136(3):.316 (2002).

Ind. loc.: “Bosco di Gariglione nie pressi della caserma forestale (Sila Piccola, CZ) UTM. XD 41, 32.” Type: HT – Codogno et Puntillo (CLU).

Chromosome number: 2n=ca.160 (G.Cesca & L.Peruzzi 2002 - Italy) Distribution: Europe: 13. ITA-IT. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Italy: M.Mancuso (Nocera Ter. CZ) sui 1100 m, alľinterno della densa faggeta, però abbondante nelle chiarite, luogo fresco, ombroso, terreno sciolto e profondo derivante da scisti cristallini, molto frequente, esp. Nord-Ovest, 8.5.1961, Padula (FI); Italy: La Sila (Calbria) Camigliatello, nie boschi salendo verso M.Curcio, 1400-1600 m, 10-12-15-16.7.1951, Sarfatti & Contardo (FI); Italy: Monte Scuro sopra fontana S.Margherita S. 107 km 67, Falsetta (CLU); Italy: Vallone di Serra Stella (Sila Grande, CS), 20.4.1996, Bernardo & Schumacker (CLU); Italy: Sila torrente Fraticello, 27.4.1979, Falsetta (CLU); Italy: zone umide vicino ai ruscelli nella foresta di Badia Luta, 30.3.1976, Cesca (CLU). Cardamine bellidifolia L., Sp. Pl. 2: 654 (1753). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Alpibus Lapponiae, Helvetiae, Britaniae.” Type: LT – (Khatri 1990:442): LINN 835.1. = Cardamine lenensis Andrz., Led. Fl. Alt. 3: 33 (1831).

Ind. loc.: “Hab. In subumbrosis muscosis ad latus boreale montis crucis (L.). Fl. versus finem Maji.” Type: ≡ Cardamine bellidifolia L. f. lenensis (Andrz.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 553 (1903).

= Cardamine bellidifolia f. laxa (Lange) Polunin, Canad. Field-Naturalist 54(3): 35 (1940). ≡ Cardamine bellidifolia var. laxa Lange, Meddel. Gronland 3: 251 (1887). Ind. loc.: “V. Gr.: Godthaab (S.H.)! Ekaluarsuit i Laxefjard 72°29´ (Ryd. Exp.)!” Type:

= Cardamine bellidifolia var. beringensis A.E.Porsild, Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 32: 31 (1938). Ind. loc.: “In addition to our No. 1699 there are in the National Herbarium of Canada several sheets from the Bering Sea region that belong here: St. Paul Island, Nos. 19.525 and 118.169; St. George Island, No. 89,588; Hall Island, No. 100,753; St. Lawrence Island, No. 100,752; and Cape Vancouver, No. 100,754; all collected by J. M. Macoun.” Type:

= Cardamine bellidifolia var. pinnatifida Hultén, Madroño 19: 223 (1968), [Ark. Bot. 7(1): 62 (1968)].

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Ind. loc.: “Alaska, McKinley Park Highway, mile 63.5, Throughfare, July 1964, Hultén, S.” Type:

Cardamine bellidifolia subsp. bellidifolia Chromosome number: n=8 (Dalgaard V. 1989 – Greenland; Packer J.G. 1964 – Canada); n=8, 2n=16 (Mulligan G.A. 1965 – Canada) 2n=16 (Löve Á. & Löve D. 1956 – Iceland; Jörgensen C.A, Sörensen Th. & Westergaard M.

1958 – Greenland; Holmen K. 1952 – Greenland; Sokolovskaya A.P. & Strelkova A.S. 1962 – Russia [Pamir, Altaj, Kavkaz, Chibin, vostochny sektor Arktiki-Tiksi]; Krogulevich R.E. 1976 – Russia [Sibir, Putorana – Bogatyr]; Zhukova P.G. & Petrovsky V.V. 1984 – Russia [Chukotka]; Sokolovskaya A.P. & Strelkova A.S. 1960 – Russia [Khibiny]; Vodopyanova N.S. & Krogulevich R.E. 1974 – Russia [Putorana]; Zhukova P.G. 1965 – Russia [Chukotka]; Zhukova P.G. 1966 – Russia [O. Vrangelya, b. Somniteľnaya]; Petrovsky V.V. & Zhukova P.G. 1983 – Russia [O. Vrangelya]; Löve Á. & Löve D., 1966 – U.S.A [Washington Mount, Great Gulf]; Rollins R.C. 1993 – without locality; Löve Á. 1979 – Alaska)

Distribution: Europe: 10. FIN, ICE, NOR, RUN, SVA, SWE. Asia-Temperate: 30. ALT, BRY, CTA, IRK, KRA, TVA, WSB, YAK; 31. AMU, KHA, MAG, SAK; 32. KAZ; 37. MON; 38. KOR-NK. Northern America: 70. ASK, GNL, NUN, NWT, YUK; 71. ABT, BRC; 72. LAB, NFL-NE, QUE; 73. ORE, WAS; 75. NWH; 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Iceland: Sulur Akuneyri, 7.1941, G.H.Candwell (K); Norway: Troms, Salangen hid, Melkefjollet, 13.8.1938, C.M.Norrman (K); Sweden: Torne lappmark: Jukkasjärvi sin, Pesisvare regio alpina, ca. 800 m, 26.7.1925, Carl G. Alm (K). ?? Cardamine bellidifolia var. pachyphylla Coville et Leiberg, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 11:

170 (1897). Ind.loc.: “Crater Lake, Mount Mazana, Oregon, 2300 m.” Type: IT – 15.8.1896, V.Coville & J.B.Leiberg no. 426 (ORE)

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 73. ORE; 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: ?? Cardamine bellidifolia var. sinuata J.Vahl, in Lange Consp. Fl. Groenland. 1: 47 (1880). Ind. loc.: “i Grus i Baals Revier (V.)! .” Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 70. GNL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine bilobata Kirk, Fl. N. Zeal.: 27 (1889).

Ind. loc.: “South Island: Kurow and Naseby, Mount Ida Range, Hector Mountains, Otago. 2,000ft. to 3,000 ft. Petrie!.”

Type: Chromosome number: n=24 (Pritchard G.G. 1957 – N. Zealand) Distribution: Australasia: 51. NZS.

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Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine bipinnata (C.A.Mey.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 344 (1903).

≡ Dentaria bipinnata C.A.Mey., Verz. Pfl. Cauc.: 179 (1831). Ind. loc.: “In regione alpina Caucasi ocidentalis, inter fragmina lapidum (alt. 1400 hexap.).”

Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 33. NCS-IN, NCS-CH, NCS-KB, NCS-KC, NCS-KR, NCS-SO, TCS-GR. Representative herbarium specimens: Russia: Caucasus orientalis, Czeczeno-Inguschetia, ad fontes fl. Armchi in declivibus schistoso-glareosis, 2700-2800 m, 27.6.1971, V.Prima (P). Cardamine bodinieri (H.Lév.) Lauener, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26(4): 336 (1965).

≡ Dentaria bodinieri H. Lév., Rep. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 452 (1910). Ind. loc.: “Kouy-Tchéou: Kouy-Yang (Em. Bodinier).”

Type: HT: mont du college, V.1910, Bodinier s.n. (E). Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHC-GZ. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine bonariensis Juss. ex Pers., Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 195 (1806).

Ind. loc.: “Argentina:“Hab. in Buenos-Aires.” Type: HT: A.Jussieu s.n. (P); IT: (P). ≡ Cardamine flaccida subsp. bonariensis (Juss. ex Pers.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 450 (1903).

= Cardamine laxa Benth., Pl. Hartw.: 158 (1845). Ind.loc.: “Prope Tambo de Gabriel Lopez in Paramo de Guanaco prov. Popayan.”

Type: HT: K.Hartweg no. 880 (K). = Cardamine demissa Triana & Planch., Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 4(17): 60 (1862).

Ind. loc.: “Tolima, Llanitos al pie de Loma? Lieux humides (Godout).” Type: HT: J.Goudout s.n. (P).

= Cardamine killipi O.E.Schulz, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10(94): 341 (1928). Ind. loc.: “Colombia: Eastern Cordillera, Dept. Santader, Edge of Páramo da las Vegas 3300-3700m.” Type: HT: 20-21.12.1926, E.P.Killip & A.C.Smith no. 15596 (US).

= Cardamine flaccida Cham. et Schltdl., Linnaea 1: 21 (1826). Ind. loc.: “In herbosis humidis ad Talcaguano regni Chilensis.” Type:

= Cardamine ramossisima Steud., Flora 39: 409 (1856). Ind. loc.: not designated Type: = Cardamine alsophila Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 81: 73 (1892). Ind. loc.: “ In glareosis rivuli de Aculeo dicti decembri 1886 inveni.” Type: = Cardamine andicola Phil., Anales Mus. Nac. Santiago de Chile 8(2): 1 (1891).

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Ind. loc.: “Habitat ad aquas l. d. Aminchas inter Ascotan et Pica, c. 3000 m. s. m.” Type: = Cardamine bracteata Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 81: 85 (1892). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Andibus prov. Santiago.” Type: = Cardamine micropetala Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 81: 76 (1892). Ind. loc.: “In Araucania locis humidis umbrosis ocurrit.” Type: = Cardamine caespitosa Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 81: 79 (1892). Ind. loc.: “In valle Sanctae Gértrudis ad radicem borealem vulcani de Chillan dicti

inventit orn. Fridericus Puga.” Type: = Cardamine flaccida subsp. minima (Steud.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 451 (1903). ≡ Cardamine minima Steud., Flora 26: 410 (1856). Ind. loc.: “St. Antonio Peru, Lechler Hrbr. Nr. 1811.” Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 82. VEN; 83. BOL, CLM, ECU, PER; 84. BZ; 85. AG, CL, URU. Representative herbarium specimens: Southern America: Argentina: Buenos Aires, Dept. Zafí, Qucbrada de Lules, 22.8.1922, Schreiter 514 (PR); Bolivia: Yungas de San Mateo, Comarapa, Dep. Santa Cruz, 2800 m, 25.10.1928, J.Steinbach (BM); Colombia: Urrao, carretera entre Urrao y Caycedo, sitio el Chuscal, cerca del páramo de Frontino, 2800 m, 17.5.1985, L.Atehortúa et al. 1266 (HUA); Colombia: Boyacá: „near Puebloviejo“, ca. 3040 m, 9.8.1953, J.Langenheim 3377 (COL, US); Colombia: Caldas, Nevado del Ruiz, páramos entre Termales, Nevado y Líbano, „between road to Libano and sta.10“, 4050-4100 m, 7-21.12.1958, H.Barclay & P.Juanjiboy 6401 (COL, GH, MO); Colombia: Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Sumapaz, carretera entre río Taquecitos y Andabobos, 3350-3600 m, 26.6.1999, J.Betancur et al. 8100 (COL); Colombia: Huila, 1400 m, ene 1943, R.Schultes & M.Villarreal 5163 (GH, NY, US); Colombia: Magdalena, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, entre Bellavista y Duriaimena, 3600-3800 m, 8.12.1978, O.Rangel et al. 1919 (COL); Colombia: Meta, páramo de Sumapaz, hoya El Venado, laguna La Guitarra y alrededores, 3465 m, 24 ene 1972, A.Cleef 951 (COL); Colombia: Nariño, camino de Túquerres La Chorrera, 2000-3000 m, 20.8.1959, L.Mora 754 (COL, PSO); Colombia: Putumayo, alta cuenca del río Putumayo en el Valle de Sibundoy, La Cabaña, 2800 m, 2 ene 1941, J.Cuatrecasas 11629 (COL, US); Colombia: Quindío: Salento, vereda Cocóra, „below Nevado del Quindío“, ca.4°40-45´N, 75°20-25´W, 3300-3400 m, 20-22.5.1989, J.Luteyn et al. 13073 (COL, GH, NY). Cardamine bonariensis var. bonariensis Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 84. BZ; 85. AGE-BA, AGE-CD, AGE-DR, AGE-ER, AGW-CA, AGW-LR, AGW-ME, AGW-SA, AGW-SJ, AGW-TU, CL, URU. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine bonariensis var. minima (Steud.) J.F.Macbr.,

≡ Cardamine minima Steud., Flora 39: 410 (1856). ≡ Cardamine flaccida subsp. minima (Steud.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 451 (1903). Ind.loc.:

19

Type: = Cardamine axillaris Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. V. 1: 290 (1864).

Ind. loc.: Type:

Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 83. BOL; 85. AGW-JU, AGW-ME, CL. Representative herbarium specimens: Northern America: Bolivia: Hab. prov. Larecaja, vicinis Sorata, ad rivum Eliallasuys, in locis frigidis, 2600-2500 m, 8.1854, G.Mandon 904 (PR) [as Cardamine axillaris]. Cardamine bonariensis var. tucumanensis (Griseb.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 451 (1903).

≡ Cardamine axillaris var. tucumanensis Griseb., Pl. Lorentz.: 14 (1874). Ind.loc.: “Tucuman, in rivulis pr. Siambon (Andes Boliviae).” Type: IT: Lorentz no. 743 (CORD).

= Cardamine cymbalaria Chodat & Wilczek, Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 289 (1902). Ind. loc.: “Las Juntas, á ľentrée de la vallée de ľAtuel, dans le canal ďirrigation, 447.” Type:

Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 85. AGE-CD, AGW-CA, AGW-LR, AGW-ME, AGW-SA, AGW-SJ. (ENDEMIC AG.) Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine breweri S.Watson, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts 10: 339 (1875).

Ind. loc.: “Found in the mountains from the northern Sierra Nevada (1890 Brewer, near Sonora Pass at 8-10,000 feat altitude; 235 Anderson, near Carson City, = C. paucisecta, var. angulata of Anderson’s Catalogue of Nevada plants) to Oregon (31 Hall = C. oligosperma, Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. 8.376) and eastward to Wyoming (Hayden, east slope of the Teton Range, Idaho, and on Henry’s Fork of the Green River, = C. paucisecta of Hayden’s Reports for 1870 and 1872).”

Type: = Cardamine hederaefolia Greene, Pittonia 4: 202 (1900). Ind. loc.: “Along streams at the eastern base of the Cascade Mountains in southeastern

Oregon, Mrs. R. M. Austin, 1893.” Type: = Cardamine modocensis Greene, Pittonia 4: 203 (1900). Ind. loc.: “Plains of Modoc County, northeastern California, on Lasen Creek, Mrs.

Austin, August, 1894, and on Davis Creek, Miss Black, in the same year; at the time reffered by me to C. Breweri, but it is very distinct.”

Type: = Cardamine oregana Piper, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 37: 92 (1924). Ind. loc.: “near Little Meadows of the Des Chutes River, Oregon, alt. 1500 meters.” Type: IT - 25.8.1896, Leiberg no. 2614 (GH, NY, ORE). ≡ Cardamine breweri var. oregana (Piper) Detling, Amer. J. Bot. 24: 73 (1937). Cardamine breweri var. breweri Chromosome number: n=42-48 (Rollins R.C. 1966 – U.S.A [California])

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Distribution: Northern America: 73. COL, IDA, MNT, ORE, WAS, WYO; 76. CAL, NEV, UTA; 79. MXE-CU. Representative herbarium specimens: Northern America: USA: Nevada, White Pine Co., Shell Creek Range, North Fork Berry Creek, W side of South Shell Peak, 16 airline miles ENE of Ely, 9200 ft, 39°21Ń, 114°37´W, 17.7.1972, N.H.Holmgren & P.K.Holmgren 6228 (NY); USA: Nevada, White Pine Co., Shell Creek Range, McCoy Creek on the E side of the range, near the first creek crossing, 8000 ft, 39°22Ń, 114°34´W, 1.7.1985, A.Tiehm 9867 (NY); USA: Nevada, Douglas Co., Carson Range, Genoa Canyon W of Genoa, 5100 ft, 15.6.1976, A.Tiehm & L.Wise 2314 (NY); USA: Nevada, White Pine Co., off Steptoe Creek Road, 9.3 miles E of U.S. Hwy. 93, 1.7.1983, R.C.Rollins, K.W.Rollins & A.G.Roads 83205 (NY); USA: Nevada, White Pine Co., 13.2 miles from campground, Berry Creek Rd., Schell Creek Range, 9300 ft, 1.8.1978, M.J.Williams & A.Tiehm 78-281-9 (NY); USA: Nevada, Lander Co., Toiyabe N.F., Austin R.D., Toiyabe Range, Kingston Creek, at U.S.F.S. camground, 7120 ft, 39°13´30´Ń, 117°08´20´´W, 12.7.1988, M.Manning & W.Padgett 381 (NY); USA: Nevada, Washoe Co., Little Valley, 6500 ft, 2.7.1912, A.A.Heller 10534 (NY); USA: Nevada, Washoe Co., Sierra Nevadas, Carson Range, Mt. Rose area 0.6 air mile SSW of the Peak, 9200 ft, 39°20Ń, 119°56´W, 19.8.1982, A.Tiehm 7552 (NY); USA: Nevada, Storey Co., Carson City, foothills, 5500 ft, 31.5.1897, M.E.Jones (NY); USA: Nevada, Ormsby Co., King´s Canyon, 6.6.1902, C.F.Baker 1015 (NY); USA: California, Modoc Co., along Mill Creek, just above Clear Lake, Warner Mts., 15 miles E of Likely, ca. 6000 ft, 19.6.1959, A.Cronquist & A.H.Holmgren 8500 (NY); USA: California, Mono Co., 1 mile W of Twin Lakes-Sierra NV, 7200 ft, 21.6.1980, M.Lavin SW52 (NY); USA: California, Modoc Co., Lily Lake, W side of the Warner Mts., 2130 m, 24.6.1988, B.M.Bartholomew & B.Anderson 4326 (NY); USA: California, Mono Co., along Lee Vining Creek, near the Lee Vining Ranger Sation, 7150 ft, 9.6.1962, Jack L.Reveal & James L.Reveal 126 (NY); USA: California, Lassen Co., Gold Run Road, toward Ski Line Drive, 10 miles S of Susanville, 30.5.1981, R.C.Rollins & K.W.Rollins 81168 (NY); USA: Idaho, Cassia Co., near road to Pomerelle Ski Area, 2.3 miles W of Idaho Hwy. 77, 10.6.1981, R.C.Rollins & K.W.Rollins 81268 (NY); USA: Idaho, Boneville Co., Caribou Range, Anderson Gulch, along road to Caribou City (ghost town), 15 airline miles S of Palisades Dam, 6800 ft, 43°8Ń, 111°17´W, 17.7.1971, N.H.Holmgren & V.Marttala 5472 (NY); USA: Utah, Salt Lake Co., vicinity of Salt Lake City, City Creek Canyon, 6000-8000 ft, 11.7.1885, F.E.Leonard 101 (NY); USA: Utah, Morgan Co., along East Canyon Creek near old gauging station, 5472 ft, 40°55´W, 111°36Ń, 17.5.1987, C.Peterson 12 (NY). Cardamine breweri var. leibergii (Holz.) C.L.Hitchc., Univ. Wash. Publ. Bot. 17(2): 468

(1964). ≡ Cardamine leibergii Holz., Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 3(4): 212 (1895). Ind. loc.: “Moist places near summit of Packsaddle Peak, Kootenai Co.; August 6 (No. 856).” Type: IT: 6.8.1892, J.H.Sandberg, D.T.MacDougal & A.A.Heller no. 856 (NY). ≡ Cardamine vallicola subsp. leibergii (Holz.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 523 (1903).

= Cardamine vallicola E.L.Greene, Pittonia 3: 116 (1896). Ind. loc.: “Wet meadows along Dale Creek, Wyoming, 30 June, 1896.” Type:

= Cardamine calosicrenata Piper, Bot. Gaz. 22: 488 (1896). Ind. loc.: “In springy places, Spokane.” Type:

= Cardamine foliacea Greene, Pittonia 4: 201 (1900).

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Ind. loc.: “Species apparently common in the lake region of northern Idaho, thence eastward into Montana.” Type:

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 73. COL, IDA, MNT, WAS, WYO; 76. NEV. Representative herbarium specimens: Northern America: USA: Nevada, White Pine Co., Schell Creek Range, Berry Creek, road/stream crossing about 2 road miles SE of USFS station, by turnoff to Berry Creek campground, 2480 m, 7.6.2000, A.P.Pinzl 13656 (NY); USA: Nevada, White Pine Co., Shell Creek Range, Timber Creek, USFS campground, vicinity of space no. 4, 2650 m, 39°24´00´´N, 114°37´47´´W, 23.7.2002, A.P.Pinzl 14291 (NY); USA: Nevada, Elko Co., Independence Mts., Gance Creek, 3 air miles WNW of the Saval Ranch, 6700 ft, 41°18´N, 115°59´W, 19.6.1979, A.Tiehm & L.Birdsey 5097 (NY). Cardamine breweri var. orbicularis (Greene) Detling, Amer. J. Bot. 24: 73 (1937).

≡ Cardamine orbicularis Greene, Pittonia 4: 202 (1900). Ind. loc.: “In swamps at the mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon, May, 1887, Thomas Howell.” Type: IT: V.1887, T.J.Howell no. 3929 (MO, OR, US, NY, ORE).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 71. BRC; 73. ORE, WAS; 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine bulbifera (L.) Crantz, Cl. Crucif. Emend.: 127 (1769). ≡ Dentaria bulbifera L., Sp. Pl.: 653 (1753). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Europa australi ad radices montium umbrosas.” Type: LT - (Marhold 2001: 45): Dentaria heptaphyllos baccifera Bauh. / In montibus

Lusitiae, Misiniae & c. In Insula Moena. Et Sorae (UPS, herb. Burser, no. XVIII (1): 82).

Chromosome number: n=48 (Baksay L. 1958 – Hungary) 2n=96 (Ančev M. in Löve Á. 1982 – Bulgaria; Van Loon J. CHR. in Löve Á 1982 – Grecee

[Macedonia, Mt Vernon]; Dvořák & Dadáková in Löve Á. 1975 – Czech Republic; Májovský et al. 1974, 1978 – Slovakia; Semerenko L.V. 1985 – Belarus; Banach-Pogan E. 1954 - Poland)

2n=90-100 (Sorsa V. 1963 – Finland) Distribution: Europe: 10. DEN, FIN, GRB, ICE-IR, NOR, SWE; 11. AUT-AU, BGM-BE, CZE-CZ, CZE-SK, GER, HUN, NET, POL, SWI; 12. FRA-FR; 13. ALB, BUL, GRC, ITA-IT, ROM, TUE, YUG-BH, YUG-CR, YUG-MA, YUG-MN, YUG-SE, YUG-SL; 14. BLR, BLT-ES, BLT-LA, BLT-LI, KRY, UKR-MO, UKR-UK, RUC, RUW. Asia-Temperate: 33. NCS-CH, NCS-DA, NCS-IN, NCS-KB, NCS-KC, NCS-KR, NCS-SO, NCS-ST, TCS-AB, TCS-AD, TCS-AR, TCS-AZ, TCS-GR; 34. IRN, TUR. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Great Britain: Vicariage Woods, Mayfield, E.Sussex, 30.4.1926, A.H.Wolley-Dod. (K); Great Britain: Wood near the station Amersham, Busks. 30.4.1946, F.M.Day (K); Sweden: Prov. Södermanland Paroecia Ornö, Långvik, in abiegno herboso subhumido, 23.6.1927, E.Asplund (K); Norway: Vigeland, Christiansand S., 6.1904, J.S.Gamble 28930 (K); Denmark: Möens Klint: very common in beechwoods, 20.6.1949, W.R.Price (K);

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Belgium: Bois montueux Chaleux (Namur), 130 m, 15.5.1896, P.Crock (K); Switzerland: Grancia, below San Salvatore, Lugano, canton Ticino, 1700 ft, 6.5.1931, J.E.Lonsley (K); Romania: Transsilvania distr. Cluj, in silva „Fǎget“ supra oppid. Cluj, alt. 620 m, 11.5.1923, Gh. Bujorean & E.I.Nyárády (K), Croatia: near Plitvice Lake, ca. 640 m, 18.6.1936, H.P.Thompson (K); Bosnia: in silvis an „Dvorište“ pr. Kasidol, 1360 m, 14.6.1932, Maly (K); Montenegro: Mt. Durmitor, 4500-5000 ft, July 1932, H.P. & Mrs. Thompson (K); Albania: Distr. Of Moskopolë W. of Korcë: Ostrovicë Range, 6200 ft, 5.7.1933, A.H.G.Alston & N.Y.Sandwith (K); Bulgaria: hills south of Varna, 20.4.1924, B.Gilliat-Smith (K); Greece: Flora of Thrace, Emirli, 200 m, 8.5.1932, H.G.Ted 832 (K). Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb.) Britton, Stern & Poggenb., Prelim. Cat.: 4 (1888).

≡ Arabis bulbosa Schreb., Mühl. Catal.: 61 (1813); Spreng. Fl. Hal. Mant.: 46 Ind. loc.: “Pens. Americae Septentrionalis.” Type: HT? – Clayton 99, no. 45

≡ Dracamine bulbosa (Schreb.) Nieuwl., Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 40 (1915). = Cardamine rhomboidea (Pers.) DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 246 (1821). ≡ Dentaria rhomboidea (Pers.) Greene, Pittonia 3: 124 (1896). ≡ Arabis rhomboidea Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 204 (1807). Ind. loc.: “Hab. in Amer. Septentrion. Humidis Turpin.” Type: = Cardamine rhomboidea var. pilosa O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 426 (1903).

Ind. loc.: “United States: New York: pr. New York (H. C.); pr. Buffalo (H. C.); Maryland: Montgomery Co. (H. C.); Ohio: pr. Cleveland (H. B., H. N.); Illinois: pr. Chicago (H. Vr.); Missouri:Corter Co. (H. C.).” Type:

= Cardamine rhomboidea var. hirsuta O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 426 (1903). Ind. loc.: “United States: New York: pr. Utica (H. Boiss.); ad Niagara Falls (H. B.); New Jersey: pr. Hamburg (H. N.); Pennsylvania: pr. Sayre (H. Z.), Westmoreland Co. (H. N.); Ohio: pr. Point Place (H. C.), in Miami Co. (H. var.), pr. Columbus (H. C., H. V., H. Boiss.); Illinois: pr. Doroneis Grove (H. P. Ac.); Arkansas: (H. D.); Kentucky: pr. Lexington (H. Boiss., H. C., H. V.).” Type:

= Cardamine rhomboidea var. parviflora O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 426 (1903). Ind. loc.: “Canada: pr. Amherstburgh (H. C.). United States: Vermont pr. Rutland (H. N., H. C.); Connecticut: pr. New Hawen (H. Vr.); Pennsylvania: pr. West Chester (H. V.); pr. Pittsburgh (H. V.); Illinois: (H. H.); Jowa: pr. Ames (H. N., H. B.), pr. Grinnell (H. Vr.), Boone Co. (H. C., H. N.); Missouri: pr. St. Louis (H. B.); Kansas: pr. St. George (H. N.).” Type:

Chromosome number: n=28 (Easterly N.W. 1963 – U.S.A [Ohio]) n=32, 48 (Harth T.W. & Eshbaugh W.H. 1976 – U.S.A) 2n=16 (Freeman C.C. & Brooks R.E. 1988 – U.S.A [Iowa]) 2n=64 (Lewis W.H., StriplingH.L. & Ross L.G. 1962 – U.S.A [Texas]; Rollins R.C. 1993 –

without locality; Löve Á. & Löve D. 1982 - Canada) Distribution: Northern America: 71. MAN; 72. ONT, QUE; 74. ILL, IOW, KAN, MIN, MSO, NDA, NEB, OKL, SDA, WIS; 75. CNT, INI, MAS, MIC, NWH, NWJ, NWY, OHI, PEN, RHO, VER, WVA; 77. TEX; 78. ALA, ARK, DEL, FLA, GEO, KTY, LOU, MRY, MSI, NCA, SCA, TEN, VRG, WDC.

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Representative herbarium specimens: Northern America: USA: Pennsylvania: near Kenney, 20.5.1901, J.H.Ahafer (PR); USA: Illinois: Chicago, 2.5.1862, F.Scammon (PR) [as Cardamine rhomboidea]. Cardamine calcicola W.W.Sm., Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 11: 203 (1918).

Ind. loc.: “China: -Yunnan, mountains in the N.E. of the Yangtze bend. Lat. 27°45`N. Alt. 11,000-12,000 ft. Plant of 6-12 inches. In fruit. Crevices of limestone cliffs.”

Type: July 1913, G.Forest no. 10,471 Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHC-YN. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine caldeirarum Guthnick, in Seub., Fl. Azor.: 43 (1844).

Ind. loc.: “Hab.: ad rivulos regionis sylvaticae et praesertim intra Crateres exstincos, incolis “Caldeiras“ dictos; in ins. Flores fere usque ad maris littora descendit; specim. nostr. ex ins. St, Miquel.” Original material: Herbarium Hookerianum 1867 – in humidis montis Azoricar, 1838, Guthnick (K)

Chromosome number: 2n=? Distribution: Africa: 21. AZO. Representative herbarium specimens: Africa: Azores: Hill in Zayal, 6.1842, H.C.Watson (K); Azores: Sao Miquel, Pico de Vara, near Tronqueira, c.6 km along Nordeste to Provoacão road, 570 m., 25.7.1985, S.Parry (BM); Azores: in humidis ins. St. Miquel, 5.1838, C.Hochst (P). Cardamine californica (Nutt.) Greene, Fl. Francisc.: 266 (1891).

≡ Dentaria californica Nutt. ex Torr. et A.Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 88 (1838). Ind. loc.: “Monterey, Upper California.” Type: = Cardamine californica var. robinsoniana O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 385 (1903).

Ind. loc.: “California: leg. Buchez (H. D.), Marin Co. pr. Olema leg. W. L. Jepson 1897 (H. C.), Marin Co. in Bear Valley 1892 leg. Edw. L. Greene (H. Boiss, non C. cuneata!), in Angel Island legg. A. Kellogg et W. G. W. Harford 1869 (H. Boiss., non C. cuneata!, H. C.), ibidem leg Edw. L. Greene 1883 (H. N.), pr. S. Diego leg. M. E. Jones 1882 (H. B.).”. Type:

= Cardamine californica var. fecunda O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 386 (1903). Ind. loc.: “Pr. S. Berhandino leg W. G. Wright 1881 (H. C. cum specie typ.).” Type:

= Cardamine californica var. pubescens O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 388 (1903). Ind. loc.: “Saepe cum species typica: Humbolt Co. ad Freshwater fl. Leg. V. Rattan 1878 (H. C.), Amador Co. in Grass Valley 830m. leg. G. Hansen 1896 (H. D.), ibidem ad New York Falls 667m. leg. idem 1892 (H. B., H. Boiss, H. D., H. Vr., H. N.), in Sierra Nevada leg Ms. R. M. Austin 1886 (H. Vr.).” Type:

= Cardamine californica var. brevistyla O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 389 (1903).

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Ind. loc.: “Saepe cum typo: California: leg. Hartweg, leg. Cl. Rutter (H. N.), Marin Co. 500 m leg. W. H. Brewer 1860-62, pr. Costa leg. idem (H. C.).” Type:

Cardamine californica var. californica Chromosome number: n=8,16 (Rollins R.C. 1993 – U.S.A [California]) 2n=32 (Manton I. 1932 – without locality) Distribution: Northern America: 73. ORE; 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine californica (Nutt.) Greene var. cardiophylla (Greene) Rollins, Harvard Pap.

Bot. 4: 44 (1993). ≡ Cardamine cardiophylla Greene, Fl. Francisc.: 266 (1891). Ind. loc.: “In Weldon Cañon of the Vaca Mountains, Solano Co.” Type: 1.3.1885, W.L.Jepson no. 14731 (Herbarium of W.L.Jepson=CAVA?) ≡ Dentaria californica var. cardiophylla (Greene) Detling, Amer. J. Bot. 23: 576 (1936). ≡ Cardamine californica prol. cardiophylla (Greene) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 388 (1903).

≡ Dentaria cardiophylla (Greene) B.L.Rob., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1: 155 (1895). ≡ Dentaria integrifolia var. cardiophylla (Greene) Jeps., Man. Fl. Pl. Calif.: 426 (1925); [ Fl. W. Calif.: 222 (1901)].

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine californica var. cuneata (Greene) Rollins, Havard Pap. Bot. 4: 44 (1993).

≡ Cardamine cuneata Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 74 (1885). Ind. loc.: “in the interior of Monterey County on mountains sides near Jolon.”

Original material: 18.3.1884, E.L.Greene (CAS, GH). ≡ Cardamine californica subsp. cuneata (Greene) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 386 (1903). ≡ Dentaria cuneata (Greene) Greene, Pittonia 3: 123 (1896). ≡ Dentaria californica var. cuneata (Greene) Detling, Amer. J. Bot. 23: 576 (1936).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine californica var. integrifolia (Nutt.) Rollins, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4: 44 (1993).

≡ Dentaria integrifolia Nutt. ex Torr. et A.Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 88 (1838). Ind. loc.: “Plains of Monterey, Upper California.”

Type: (British Museum of Natural History) ≡ Cardamine integrifolia (Nutt.) Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 389 (1887). ≡ Cardamine californica proles integrifolia (Nutt.) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 386 (1903). ≡ Dentaria californica var. integrifolia Nutt. (Detling), Amer. J. Bot 23: 576 (1936).

Chromosome number: n=16 (Rollins R.C. 1993 – U.S.A)

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Distribution: Northern America: 73. ORE; 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine californica var. sinuata (Greene) O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 387 (1903).

≡ Cardamine sinuata Greene, Erythea 1: 148 (1893). Ind. loc.: “Redwoods near Crescent City, in the extreme northwest of California, April, 1892, Thomas Howell.”

Original material: 24.4.1892, Thomas Howell no. 1409 (MO, US). ≡ Dentaria sinuata (Greene) Greene, Pittonia 3: 123 (1896).

≡ Dentaria californica var. sinuata (Greene) Detling, Amer. J. Bot. 23: 576 (1936). = Dentaria integrifolia var. tracyi Jeps., Man. Fl. Pl. Calif.: 426 (1925).

Ind. loc.: “Woods, Van Duzen River, Humboldt Co. (Blue Slide, Tracy 5426, type).” Type:

= Cardamine integrifolia var. sinuata (Greene) C.L.Hitchc., Univ. Wash. Publ. Biol. 17(2): 469 (1964). Ind. loc.: “near Crescent City, Calif.” Type:

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 73. ORE; 76. CAL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine calthifolia H.Lév., Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 24: 281 (1914). Ind. loc.: “Vallée de Kiao-Mé-Ti. 3.000 m., mai 1913.” Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHC-SC, CHC-YN, CHS-GD; 41. MYA. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine carnosa Waldst. & Kit., Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2:137-138, tab. 129 (1803). Ind. loc.: “Crescit inter lapides liberos in quos alpes calcareae: Bádány & Debelo-

Berdo catenae Velebich, Croatiam a Dalmatiam separandis, fatiscunt.” Type: LT – (Chrtek & Skočdopolová 1982: 211): In Croatischen und Dalmatischen Alpen [labeled by Waldstein] (PR no. 155754/147).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Europe: 13. ALB, GRC, YUG-BH, YUG-CR, YUG-MA, YUG-MN. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Hercegovina: In fissuris rupinum ad decliv paed Velež prope locum Jasac Kuk dictum parissima (prope Mostar), ca. 1500 m, 8.1894, D.K.Wandaz (K); Albania: Tomor nar 1950-2100 m in bewegl. Grobschutt, 17.7.1938, F.Leunperg (K); Albania: Tomor Range, bare summit of Abbas Ali, 8000 ft, 14.8.1935, A.H.G.Alston & N.YSandwith (K); Macedonia: Sar planina, Macedonia, Ljubotén, NW of Skopje, 7000 ft, 12.7.1959, J.D.A.Stainton (K); Greece: Mt. Olympuss, W of Refuge „A“ by remnaut glacia, 7250 ft, 7.1968, C.Grey-Wilson (K); Greece: Epirus, Montes Timphi, in declivibus borealibus cacuminis Astraka, ca.1900 m, 14.7.1958, K.H.Rechinger (K); Greece: Habit in reg. alpina m. Olimpi Thessaliae, 5000-8000 ft, 3.8.1885, Theodorus G. Orphanides (JE). Cardamine caroides C.Y.Wu ex W.T.Wang, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 9(1): 16 (1987).

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Ind. loc.: “Sichuan, Jioulong, Metikonga, alt. 3800m, in pratis alpinis.” Original material: 6.7.1937, Yu Te-tsun no. 6889 (PE). Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHC-SC. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine castellana Lihová et Marhold, Taxon 52(4): 795 (2003). Ind. loc.: “Spain, prov. Ávila, Sierra de Gredos, Hoyos del Espino, near Hoyos del

Collado.” Type: HT – (Lihová et al. 2003: 795): Spain, prov. Ávila, Sierra de Gredos, Hoyos del

Espino, near Hoyos del Collado, 1500 m, 10.5.2001, Lihová (SAV); IHT: (SALA, BC, MA).

Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Lihová J., Marhold K. & Tribsch A. 2003 - Spain) Distribution: Europe: 12. SPA-SP. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Spain: Puerto de Somiedo entre León y Asturias, 1970, Rivas Goday & Izco (MA 22424); Spain: Sierra de Gredos, Hoyos del Espino – Refugio del Rey, 1971, Marxmüller & Gleisner (M); Spain: Piedrahita, 1983, Valle & Iglesias (SALAF 72684); Spain: Hoyo del Espino, 1983, Ladero & Iglesias (SALAF 65070); Spain: Pinar de Hoyocasero, 1987, Giráldez & Rico (SALA 56244); Spain: Porto, Valle del rio Bibey, 1989, Casaseca, Rico & Giráldez (MA 466933); Spain: Porto, Sierra Segundera, Moncalvillo, 1993, Aldasoro, Martínez Ortega, Pérez & Rico (SALA 56245); Spain: Porto, Valle del río Bibey, 1989, Casaseca, Giráldez & Rico (SALA 47050). Cardamine changbaiana Al-Shehbaz, Novon 10: 323 (2000).

Ind. loc.: “China, Jilin: Changbai Shan, Tianchi, rocky slopes, 2600 m, 1. Aug. 1957, Qian Jiaju 580.”

Type: HT: 1.8.1957, Qian Jiaju no. 580 (PE); PT: (PE, LE). = Cardamine resedifolia var. morii Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 303 (1914).

Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Korea: in arenis lapidosis vulcani Paiktusan, VIII. 1913 (T.Mori). VIII. 1914 (T. Nakai.).”

Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHM-JL; 38. KOR-NK. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine chelidonia L., Sp. Pl.: 655 (1753). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Sibiria, Italia.” Type: Chromosome number: 2n=16 (Manton I. 1932 – without locality) n=16, 2n=32 (Krahulcová A. 1991 – Czech Republic), 2n=ca.64 (Verlaque L. et al. 1993 - Italy) Distribution: Europe: 10. GRB; 11. CZE-CZ; 12. COR; 13. ITA-IT, SIC-SI, YUG-BH, YUG-CR. Representative herbarium specimens: Europe: Great Britain: Allien Flora of England No H2018/38, by a small stream in a park close to Telsworth, Oxford, 8.1938, Hon. Mrs. Gore

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(K); Czech republic: Moravia boreo-occidentalis, distr. Šumperk, in nemore in declivi supra viam ferream versus orientem a pago Bludov, 300 m, 9.5.1967, V.Vašák (BRNOU); Croatia: Velebit, in lapidosis vallis Bunnyevacka Draga prope Raduć, 28.8.1908, A. de Degen (K, FI); Croatia: in silvis infra m. Visocica, 20.8.1875, Borbáš (BRNM); Italy: in silvis abietinis Apennini Pistorien sis, prope Boscolungo, 1300 m, 27.6.1876, E.Levier (BRNOU); Italy: Gargano promentory, Foresta Umbra, 27.4.1977, J.J.Wood 228 (K); Italy: Gruppo del Pollino, Mt Sersa Crinpo, in silvis, 1700 m, 27.7.1935, Gavioli (BRNOU); Italy: Majella, Pennapiedimonte-Valle di Selva Romana, 1100 m, 17.6.1972, L.Feoli Chiapella (FI); Italy: In silva abiegna, locis umbrosioribus ad Boscolugno in Apennino Pistoriensi, 23.8.1887, E.Levier (PR). Cardamine chenopodiifolia Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 195 (1807). Ind. loc.: “Hab. in Monte-Video.” Type: = Heterocarpus fernandezianus Phil., Bot. Zeitung 14: 641 (1856). Ind. loc.: “Juan Fernandez.” Type: = Cardamine argentina Speg., Contr. Fl. Sierra Vent.: 12 (1896).

Ind. loc.: “Los pobladores dan tambien á esta especie el nombre de Berro criollo y lo comen como el anterior.”

Type: Chromosome number: 2n=64 (Manton I. 1932 – without locality) Distribution: Southern America: 83. BOL; 84. BZ; 85. AGE-BA, AGE-CH, AGE-CN, AGE-ER, AGE-FO, AGE-MI, CL, PAR, URU. Representative herbarium specimens: Southern America: Uruguay: Pocitos, Carrasco, distr. Montevideo, 8.1924, Dr. G.Herter 62 (PR); Uruguay: Flora Enteriana, 9.1887, Dr. P.Lorentz 1189 (PR). Cardamine cheotaiyienii Al-Shehbaz & G.Yang, Harvard Pap. Bot. 3(1): 73 (1998).

≡ Hilliella alatipes (Hand.-Mazz.) Y.H.Zhang et H.W.Li var. macranthus Y.H.Zhang, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 8 (4): 402 (1986). Ind. loc.: “China Yunnan: Malipo, Guan-gaw, 1000 m.” Type: HT: 14.2.1940, C.W.Wang et al. no. 86836 (KUN); IT: (IBSC).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHC-GZ, CHC-SC, CHC-YN, CHS-GX, CHS-HN. Asia-Tropical: 40. EHM-BH; 41.LAO. Representative herbarium specimens: Asia-Temperate: China: Hunan: Long-shan Co., L.H.Liu 1554 (NAS); China: Guangxi: Bing Long, Miu Shan, N Luchen, R.C.Ching 6044 (IBSC, PE, W); China: Guizhou: Jiang-Kou Co., Z. S. Zhang et al. 401919 (PE); China: Sichuan: near the Sichuan-Hubei border, H.F.Zhou 108309 (IBSC); China: Yunnan: Yangbi Xian, W side of Diangcang Shan, Malutang in the vicinity of Chang Shan, 25°46´N, 100°01´E, Bartholomew et al. 452 (A, CAS, KUN, PE, US). Asia-Tropical: Bhutan: Above Mongar, Grierson & Long 1998 (E); near Chendebi, Ludlow, Sherriff & Hicks 17056 (BM, E); Pimi Pumthang, Cooper, Bulley & Cheshire 4171 (BM); Laos: Lao, Trashi Yangsi Chu, Ludlow, Sherriff & Hicks 20829 (BM).

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Cardamine chiriensis Miyabe & Tatew., Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 260 (1936). Ind. loc.: Type:

Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 31. SAK. Representative herbarium specimens: Asia-Temperate: Sakhalin, 3.8.1935, S.Suguhara (KYO). Cardamine ciliata Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 81: 77 (1892).

Ind. loc.: “In insula Macloviana ad Port Stanley legit decembri 1884 cl. Doctor Carolus Martin.”

Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 85. CL. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine circaeoides Hook. f. et Thomson, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 144 (1861).

Ind. loc.: “In Himalaya orientali temperata, Sikkim interiore, sylvis, alt. 5000-7000 ped.! J.D.H. (v.v.).”

Type: = Cardamine agyokumontana Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan 3: 19 (1913). Ind. loc.: “Hab. Mt. Agyoku, 4000 ped. alt.” Type: Juni. 1909, S.Kató = Cardamine heterandra J.Z.Sun & K.L.Chang, Taiwania 41(2): 113 (1996). Ind. loc.: “Gansu province: Wudu county, Pan di xiang, under trees, Alt. 1,900 m.” Type: HT: 19.4.1993, Bai Shui Jiang complex expedition team, S. coll. no. 2209

(LZU). = Cardamine insignis O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 439 (1903). Ind. loc.: “China australis: prov. Yunnan in silvis 2000 m leg. A.Henry n. 13090

(H.B.).” Type: = Cardamine macrocephala Z.M.Tan et S.C.Zhou, J. Sichuan Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 33(5): 601

(1996). Ind. loc.: “Sichuan: Tianquan County, Erlong Mountain, Xingou.” Type: 6. June 1959, Tianquan Exped. 665 (CDBI). = Cardamine reniformis Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 25: 50 (1908). Ind. loc.: “Hab. In monte Morrison, ad 7500 ped. Alt., leg. T.Kawakami et U.Mori,

Oct. 1906 (No. 1982).” Type: = Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 440 (1903). Ind. loc.: “China centarlis: prov. Hupeh pr. Ichang leg. A.Henry 10.1887 n.3298

(H.B.), H.B.Boiss, H.C.).” Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 36. CHC-SC, CHC-YN, CHN-GS, CHS-GD, CHS-GX, CHS-HN; 38. KOR-SK (Island Cheju), TAI; 40. EHM, IND; 41. LAO, MYA, THA, VIE. Representative herbarium specimens:

29

Asia-Temperate: Bhutan: Tinlegang (1750 m), Gon Chungnang (1800 m), 1800 m, 5.5.1967, H.Kanai et al. 14868 (TI). Cardamine clematitis Shuttl., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15: 45 (1880).

Ind. loc.: “Wet ground along streamlets in the higher Iron or Smoky Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee, collected in 1844 by Rugel, and about same time by Buckley; common in the higher wooded parts of Roan Mountain, where it was collected in June, 1879, by Messrs., Canby, Redfield, Sargent, and myself.”

Type: Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 75. WVA; 78. ALA, NCA, SCA, TEN, VRG. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) O.Schwarz, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 46:

188 (1939). ≡ Dentaria concatenata Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 30 (1803).

Ind. loc.: “Hab. in Nova Anglia et altissimis montibus Carolinae.” Type: = Cardamine laciniata (Muhl. ex Willd.) A.Wood, Amer. Bot. Fl.: 38 (1870), non Steudel. ≡ Dentaria laciniata Muhl. ex Willd., Sp. Pl. 3: 479 (1800). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Pensylvania.” Type: Chromosome number: n=64, 128 2n=ca.240 (Rollins R.C. 1993 – without locality) n=128 (Easterly N. W. 1963 – U.S.A [Ohio] as Dentaria laciniata Muhl.) 2n=ca.240 (Montgomery F.H. 1955 – U.S.A [Ontario] as Dentaria laciniata Muhl.) Distribution: Northern America: 72. NBR, ONT, QUE; 74. ILL, KAN, MIN, MSO, NDA, NEB, OIW, OKL, SDA, WIS; 75. CNT, INI, MAI, MAS, MIC, NWH, NWJ, NWY, OHI, PEN, VER, WVA; 77. TEX; 78. ALA, ARK, DEL, FLA, GEO, KTY, LOU, MRY, MSI, NCA, SCA, TEN, VRG, WDC. Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine conferta Jurtzev, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 311 (1965). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in jugis Suntar-Chajata et Czerskii.”

Type: HT: Jacutia orientalis, in montibus Suntar-Chajata, in parte superiore fl. Indigirka flumina Burgali et Mugdugsik, in tundra muscosa, 5. 7. 1958, B.Jurtzev (LE); IT: (LE).

Chromosome number: 2n=48 (Yurtsev B.A. & Zhukova P.G. 1982 – Russia [Khr. Ulakhan-Chistaj, r. Tirekhtyakh];

Yurtsev B.A. & Zhukova P.G. 1972 – Russia [Kolymskoe nagorje, Utinskij pereval]) Distribution: Asia-Temperate: 31. MAG (endemic). Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine constancei Detling, Madroño 3: 176 (1935).

30

Ind. loc.: “Humus soil under Abies-Thuja climax, [Canadian Zone], 4 mi. Below Lowell, on Three Devils Creek, at Middle Fork of Clearwater River, Selway National Forest, Idaho County, Idaho.” Type: HT: 2.6.1935, Constance et al. no. 1108 (DS 229378); IT: (NO, PR, NY).

Chromosome number: Distribution: Northern America: 73. IDA. Representative herbarium specimens: Northern America: USA: Idaho, rich humus under coniferous climax, Middle Fork of Clearwater Creek at month of Three Devils Creek, 4 mi. Below lowelly Nez Perce Nat. Forest, 31.5.1936, L.Consatnce & R.C.Rollins 1607 (PR). Cardamine cordata Barnéoud, in C.Gay, Fl. Chil. 1: 109 (1846).

Ind. loc.: “Se cria en los lugares húmedos de las cordilleras de Coquimbo.” Type:

= Cardamine calbucana Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 41: 668 (1872). Ind. loc.: “volcan de Calbuco.” Type: C. Juliet 1872

= Cardamine monticosa Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 81: 72 (1892). Ind. loc.: “Habitat in valle Las Vainas dicto Andium provinciae Colchangua.” Type:

= Cardamine rostrata var. alpina Chodat & Wilczek, Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 288 (1902). Ind. loc.: “Cajon del Burro, prés des sources, vers 3000 m., n. 431.” Type:

= Cardamine triphylla Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 81: 72 (1892). Ind. loc.: “In valle fluminis Palena habitat. Dr. Frid. Delfin.” Type:

Chromosome number: Distribution: Southern America: 85. AGS-CB, AGS-NE, AGS-RN, AGW-ME, CL-dopl. (CLC, CLS) Representative herbarium specimens: Cardamine cordifolia A.Gray, Pl. Fendler.: 8 (1849). Ind. loc.: “Margin of Santa Fé Creek, in the mountains.” Type: IST: M.E.Jones no. 1251 (NY). = Cardamine uintahensis F.J.Herm., Rhodora 36: 410 (1934). Ind. loc.: “Muddy bank of Mill creek at 8500ft., elevation, S.W. base of Mt. Elizabeth

(6 miles S.E. of the Goodman Ranch), Summit Co., Uinta Mts., Utah.” Type: HT: 1

world checklist of the genus cardamine l. (draft 1)world checklist of the genus cardamine l. (draft...

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