Document of

The World Bank

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Report No. 5107-IN

STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARATSARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT

February 12, 1985

South Asia Projects DepartmentIrrigation II Division

This document has a restricted distribution and cmay be used by recipients only in the performance oftheir official duties. its contents mnav not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.

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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

US%1.00 = Rupees (Rs) 12.00 jj

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (METRIC SYSTEM) VJ

1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet (ft)1 kilometer (ka) = 0.62 miles (mi)1 hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres (ac)1 million cubic meters (Mm3) = 810 acre-feet (ac-ft)1 cubic foot per second (cusec or cfs) = 0.028 cubic meters per second (mL3/Ls)1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds (lb)1 metric ton (mt) = 2,205 pounds (lb)1 million acre-feet (OAF) 1233.5 h cubic m (Mm3)1 cubic meter per second (cumec) 35.3 cusec1 ton - 1,000 kilograms (kg)1 gigawatt hours (GWh) 1 million kilowvtt hours (kWh)1 kilo volt (kv) - 1,000 volts (10 V)1 megawatt (MW) = 1,000 kilowatts1 kilocalorie per kilogram (Kcal/kg) = 1,8UO British thermal units per

pound (Btu/lb)

FISCAL YEAR

GOI; GOG; GOM; GOMP; GOR April 1 - March 31

1/ The US Dollar/Rupee exchange rate is subject to change. Conversionsin this report have been made at USAl.00 to Rs 12.00 except for theeconomic analysis which was made at a rate of US$1.00 to Rs 11.00.

2/ The metric system has been used in most cases. However, India is stillin the process of transition to the metric system; non-metric units arestill widely used and have been used in this report where a conversionto the metric system may confuse the reader.

FOR OMCIAL USE ONLYAIBBEVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AD - Agricultural DepartmentCAC - Sardar Sarovar Construction and Advisory ComnitteeCAD - Comand Area DevelopmentC8A - Central Electricity Authority -

CA - Cultivable Coumand AreaCURH - Canalbead PowerhouseCPU - Centralized Procurement UnitCVPC - Central Water and Power CommissionCWPRS Central Water and Power Research StationCwC - Central Water CommissionDRP - Dan Review PanelDSP - Dm Safety PanelERR - Economic Rate of ReturnEL - ElevationFRL - Full Reservoir LevelFSL - Full Supply LevelGAU - Gujarat Agricultural UniversityGEB - Gujarat Electricity BoardGOG - Government of GujaratGOI - Govermnent of IndiaGOMP - Government of Madhya PradeshGOB Government of MaharashtraGOR _ Government of RajasthanGSCPF - Gujarat State Cooperative Marketing FederationDYV - High Yielding VarietiesICB - International Competitive BiddingID _ Irrigation Department of the GOGIND - Indien Meteorological DepartmentIVEB - Inter-Departmental Water Rates Review BoardLCB - Local Competitive BiddingNPEB - Madhya Pradesh Electricity BoardMDDL - Minimum Drawdown LevelMEB - MahArashtra Electricity BoardRISC - Management Information Systems CellR&I - Municipal and IndustrialNP - Madhya PradeshMUL - Maximum Water LevelECA _ Narmada Control AuthorityNDD - Narmada Development Department of the GOGNKPC - Narmada High Power ConmitteeNEEPC - National Rydro-Electric Power CorporationNPDDC - armada Project Dam and Design CircleMPG - Narmada Planning GroupNBC - Narmada Review ComitteeNRD - Narmada River DevelopmentNTPC - National Thermal Power CorporationNIDT - Narmada Water Disputes TribunalO&M - Operation and MaintenancePDD - Power and Dams DivisionPMF - Probable Maxinum FloodBBPH - Riverbed PoverhouseBIB - Regional Electricity BoardREC - Rural Electrification CorporationS. - Service AreaSEB - State Electricity BoardSLDB - State Land Development BankSMEC - Snowy Mountains Engineering CorporationSWS - Subject Matter SpecialistSSP - Sardar Sarovar ProjectT&V - Training and Visit System of ExtensionYEW - Village Extension Worker

I sh i doument has a resticed ditribution and may be used by mcipients ondy in the peformance of|tbek ofTicia1 duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disdiosed without Wodd Bank authorinztoin

GLOSSARY

kharif - Wet season; June - Octoberrabi - Dry season; November - Marchchak - Irrigation delivery unit of about 40 ha in sizetaluka - Subdivision of a districtpaise - There are 1UO paise per rupee

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT

SARDAR SAROVAR DAR AND POWER PROJECT

Table of ContentsPage No.

I. BACKGROUND . ........................ .. ... ...... 1Introduction ........... ............... ******** 1The Socioeconomic Setting ...................... . .............. 2The Narmada Basin Development ....... 3Past Bank Group Support for Irrigation

and Power Development in Gujarat 4

II. THE SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT....o. .e*a..e*6.*e*.e****** s ........ 5General o.........o................. o 5Project Formulation, Preparation and Objectives ............... 6Salient Features of SSP E ....... 7SSP Implementation Period . . . .... ... . . .... .. o.* 8Rationale for Bank Involvement in Sardar Sarovar Project ...... 9

IIIo THE SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND RESERVOIR ............. o......... 10

Location and Site Characteristics.. 10Climate and Hydrology .............. . 11

IV. THE PROJECT. .... ....... o .. . 14Project Description 14Detailed Physical Features.... ....... .. . 15

Dams and Spillways ....... 15Riverbed Powerhouse...... . 16Garudeshwar Weir ........ .16

Canalhead Powerhouse *.. ........... . 16Vadgam Saddle Dam . ............... ... ..... 17The Irrigation By-pass Tunnel . ............. 17The Canalhead Regulation Reservoirs.......... 17Transmission Lines ...... .17

This report is based on the findings of appraisal missions that visited Indiain March, June, September 1983, and a post-appraisal of the resettlementcomponent in August 1984, and comprised Messrs: P. Ljung, G. Fauss,C. Diewald, R. Vick, A. Sanchez, M. El-Menshavy, R. Goodland, K. Jechoutek,D. Fitchett (IBRD/IDA) and, L.D. James, D. Dawdy, T. Scudder, M. Barber, andH. Frederiksen (Consultants). The Snowy Mountain Engineering Corporation ofAustralia, including the team of J. Hunter, B. Jagger, and W. Gardner, come-pleted the technical appraisal of the main dam. The essential contributionsof P. Ljung during project planning, formulation, pre-appraisal and appraisalstages are hereby gratefully acknowledged. Editing done by Ms. S. Fellowsand word processing by Mr. J. Maddix, Ms. C. Batara, Mrs. S. Douglas, and Mrs.S. Vanjani. J

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Design and Implementation Aspects ....................... s....... 18Dam and Spillways .......................................... 18The Damn Review Panel . ...................................... 18The Hydropower Components .se .... .. .. ...... .. ... -. 0 ......... 19Hydrometeorological Network ................................ 20Training and Technical Assistance . ........................ 21Implementation Schedule and Status of Preparation ........... 22

Land Acquisition and Resettlement ............................. 24GenLeral ............................ 24The Tribunal Order .... *........*.........**.. ......... 24Additional Requirements .......... 6.. * * ............... ... 26Resettlement and Rehabilitation Agreements ................. 27

Environmental Effects ......................................... 28land and Rights *.........9- ..... *..* ................. 29

V. COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING ........... 30

Project Cost Estimates ...... . 30Operation and Maintenance (OEM) Costs ......................... 31Cost Sharing .............. a. ... se.31Financing ............................ . 31Procurement ............................ 9* * 9C * * * * 9**** 99*999999 33Disbursements ....................................... 35Project Accounts and Audits ................................... 36

VI. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT .............. 37

Ieneral Agencies............................................ 37Interstate Agencies 37Gujarat State Agencies 38.............. 38Training .... ............... *.. ... 40Technical Assistance ......... ........................... .... 42Centralized Procurement Unit .................................. 43Evaluation and Monitoring ............... 44Reporting .......... ......... a........44Project Operation and Maintenance ............................. 44Ownership and Financial ArrangementsRelating to Power Facilities .................................. 47

VII. BENEFITS. RISK. AND JUSTIFICATION ....................-........ 48

General ................. 48Agricultural Benefits ................................... . ... 48Benefits from M&I Water Supply ................................ 50Benefits from Power Generation.. ......................... 51Other Project Benefits ........................................ 51Assumptions for Economic Analysis ........................... 52Buildup of Benefits Over Time ................................. 54Economic Rate of Return for SSP: The Base Case ................ 56Project Risk .................................................. 58

VIII. AGREEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................ 63Agreements ...... 63

Government of India .*... ........ .................... 63Government of Gujarat .................... 64Government of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra .... 66Governments of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra .............. 68

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Recommendation ............... **. 69Conditions of Effectiveness ... ... ... 69

Schedule A: Resettlement and Rehabilitation ......... 70Schedule B: Institutional, Monitoring and Evaluation

Arrangements for Resettlement and Rehabilitation 72

TABLES

1. Implementation Goals and Objectives - SSP2. Salient Technical Features, Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Complex3. Annual Cement Request4. Annual Steel Requirements5. Detailed Cost Table - Main Dam6. Detailed Cost Table - Rockfill Dikes and Link Channels7. Detailed Cost Table - Riverbed Powerhouse8. Detailed Cost Table - Garudeshwar Weir9. Detailed Cost Table - Canalhead Powerhouse10. Detailed Cost Table - Transmission System11. Detailed Cost Table - Vadgam Saddle Dam and Bypass Tunnel12. Detailed Cost Table - Hydrometeorological Network13. Detailed Cost Table - Training & Technical Assistance14. Land Acqisition and Resettlement15. Detailed Cost Table - Su-mary Accounts by Year (2 pages)16. Detailed Cost Table - Suummary Accounts by Project Component17. Detailed Cost Table - Project Component by Year (Schedule of Expenditures)18. Estimated Recurrent Operation and Maintenance Costs19. Sharing of Project Costs Among Party States20. Estimated Disbursement Schedule21. Loan and Credit Allocation22. Priority Listing of Work Plan Topics of the Narmada Planning Group23. Incremental Agricultural Production (By Volume and Value)24. Regional Changes in Average Net Farm Income from Crop Production25. Projected Change in Average Incore and Land Rent from Crop Production26. Cost of SSI Project Components by Time (22-years)27. Water Delivery and Drainage Project, Recurrent Operation,

Maintenance and Energy Costs28. Economic Cost and Benefit Streams29. Economic Evaluation of Sardar Sarovar Project by Functions

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FIGURES

1. Narmada Basin Projects (Schematic)2. SSP Implementation Schedules

Sheet 1 - Dam and Power ComplexSheet 2 - Conveyance, Distribution, and Drainage Development

3. Probable Maximum Flood for Narmada River at Sardar Sarovar Reservoir4. Sardar Sarovar Dam and Ancillary Works - Detailed Implementation Schedule5. Procurement Schedule for Civil Works - Main Dam and Riverbed Powerhouse6. Procurement Schedule for Equipment and Maintenance - Main Dam, Steel for

Penstocks (RBPE and CHPH)7. Project Organization Chart - Operations & Maintenance8. Phasing of Economic Project Costs9. Projected Water Use in Gujarat from Different SourceL

10. Buildup of Project Benefits11. Total Benefits and Costs Over Time12. Sample Distribution of the Economic Rate of Return

MAPS

1. Command Area (IBRD 17691)2. Basin Projects (IBRD 17694)3. Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Complex (IBRD 17692)

SUPPLEMENTARY DATA VOLUME (SDV)

ANNEXES

1. Planning the Sardar Sarovar Project2. Narmada Water Dispute Tribunal Final Order and Decision3. Surface Water Resources4. Groundwater Resources5. Agriculture6. Project Criteria and Plan of Operation7. Groundwater Drainage and Conjunctive Use8. Frsmework for Operation and Maintenance9. Dam and Power Complex

.10. Economic Analysis11. Documents in Project File

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT

SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT

I. BACKGROUND J

Introduction

1.01 The Harmada River Development (NRD) comprises a multistate programfor development of hydropower and irrigation dams and their associatedirrigation canal networks on India's largest west flowing river (mapIBRD 17691). Elements of the basinvide program are planned for constructionover the next 40-50 years. This development would bring an additional4-5 M ha of potentially valuable agricultural land, now prone to drought andscarcity, under irrigation. The NRD would also secure municipal andindustrial (M&I) water supplies and bolster electric generating ca acitywithin India's western region transmission grid by at least 2,700 NW. Over-all, the NRD would uplift the lives of about 11 X people in the states ofGujarat, Madhya Pradesh (MP), Rajasthan, and Maharashtra.

1.02 The Government of India (GOI) has sought Bank assistance in financingthe first stage of the NRD-Gujarat or Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP), whichwould be the first in a series of about 30 major projects that are plannedfor development within the Narmada Basin. The SSP would form the basis ofGujarat's regional water plan for almost the entire state north of the Nar-mada River. Development of the SSP would take place over the next 22 years.The cost of construction at present prices is estimated at US$5,889 M. TheSSP would irrigate about 1.9 M ha in Gujarat State and create the potentialfor irrigation to about 70,000 ha and/or provide municipal and industrialwater supplies in Rajasthan, install 1,450 MW 2f hydroelectric power gener-ation at two plants, and supply about l,3(.0 Mm /year of M&I water. The SSPconsists of a large dam and power complex on the Narmada River near Navagamvillage in Gujarat, including a large storage reservoir extending upstreamfor about 210 km in Gujarat, Maharashtra, and MP, and a canal network servingan irrigation command area extending about 440 km on the right bank northvestto the Rajasthan state boundary.

1.03 The proposed Bank lending operation would assist two SSP elementssimultaneously as follows:

(a) an IBRD loan and IDA credit of US$200 M and USS100 M, respectively,towards the cost of constructing the dam and power complex during1984/85 through 1994/95; and

Jj This chapter is in large parts identical to the corresponding chapterin SAl, No. 5108-IN titled, "Water Delivery and Drainage Project."

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(b) an IDA credit of US$150 K towards the cost of constructing the canalnetwork during the years 1984/85 through 1988/89.

The operation is described in two staff appraisal reports (SARs), "SardarSarovar Dam and Power Project,." Report No. 5107-IN and "Water Delivery andDrainage Project," Report No. 5108-IN; a "Supplementary Data Volume" (SDV)comprising ten technical annexes; and a list of documents on file.

1.04 The Bank assisted dam and power project described in this SAR, No.5107-IN, would finance the SSP dam and power complex to be completed at anestimated cost of US$1,934 M by 1994. Together, the propcsed IBRD loan andIDA credit of US$200 M and US$100 M, respectiv-ely, would finance 1% of thetotal estimated project cost net of taxes and duties. The GOI and theGovernment of Gujarat (GOG) would seek financing proposals during the biddingprocess (para 5.07) for the large reversible turbines and generators to beinstalled in the Riverbed Powerhouse (RBPH), one of the project's twoproposed hydropower plants. Financing would be provided by the states ofGujarat, MP, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan, L/ the first three states wouldshare the power benefits, and Gujarat and Rajasthan would share the irriga-tion benefits.

The Socioeconomic Setting

1.05 India. 0a India is a large and diverse country with a population ofover 700 M and an annual per capita income of about USS250. The economy isdominated by agriculture, which employs more than two thirds of the laborforce and accounts for about 40% of GDP. Sluggish agricultural growth (2.3%a year since 1950) combined with temporary setbacks caused by poor monsoonshave been factors retarding the economy. D-spite intensive public investmentthat has more than doubled to about 25% of GDP, India continues to sufferfrom inadequate infrastructure facilities especially water distribution todrought prone areas, power, and shortages of key materials. As a result, theeconomic growth rate has averaged a moderate 3.6X a year since 1950. Inattempts to raise levels of economic growth GOI has devoted considerableresources to irrigation and power development.

1.06 Gujarat. J The state of Gujarat covers an area of 19,600 km2, andhas a population of about 36 N (1983) that is growing at an annual rate of

O1 Rajasthan would provide financing to the extent it is obligated underthe Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal decision.

]1 Detailed review is in "Economic Situation and Prospects of India," IBRDreport no. 4962-IN, April, 1984. Detailed reviev of the energy sectoris in the SAR for Bodh;hat Hydroelectric Project, report no. 4909-IN,March 12, 1984.

O/ Greater details are in SDV, annex 1, "Planning the Sardar SarovarProject.."

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25%. It is relatively urbanized and has a large and fast-growing manufac-turing sector. Between 1960 and 1982 the state's income grew at an annualrate of 3.7Z and per capita income reached in 1983 a level of US6320, whichis considerably higher than the all-India level (tS4250). Agricultureaccounts for more than one third of the state's income and for more than 602of the working population (1981). Moreover, agriculture based industriesaccount for more than 50% of all factory employment. Agricultural productionlargely depends ou weather conditions, since much of Gujarat is characterizedby low and highly variable rainfall. This, and the limited irrigationfacilities, have made the state susceptible to drought and famine. Since1900, severe food shortages due to drought have been experienced at least 25times. Consequently, Government of Gujarat (GOG) has given a high priorityto irrigation development.

The Narmada Basin Development

1.07 The Narmada is the largest west flowing river in India. It rise, inthe highlands of eastern MP and flows in a narrow valley for 1,300 2km beforadischarging into the Gulf of Cambay, draining an area of 98,00 km in thestates of HP, Gujara5, and Maharashtra. The average annual flow of theNarmada of 45,000 Mm is greater than the total of the Ravi, Beas, and Sutlejflows that feed the great Indus Basin. More than 9O0 of the runoff occursduring the monsoon season (June-September), so that effective utilization ofthe water resource requires construction of major storage reservoirs. In the1950s and 1960s, comprehensive plans were drawn for the development ot theNarmada River, but most of the plans were held up because of interstatedisputes over the allocation of water. Thus, today the water resourceremains almost totally undeveloped. Out of the thirty major projectspresently envisaged, only one has been completed (Barna), one is nearingcompletion (Tawa), and one is under construction (Bargi), all in NP.

1.08 The Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (iWDT). In 1965, GOI appointed aconmittee to develop a master plan for the basin, and when the riparianstates failed to accept its recommendations, GOI appointed the Nasmda WaterDisputes Tribunal to adjudicate. Following ten years of deliberations, theNWDT gave its final award in December 1979. According to estimanes based oanavailable data at that time, approximately two thirds (22, 5W Io') of the 75Zdependable annual utilizable supply of the river of 34 500 im3 was allocatedby the NWDT to MP and most of the remainder (11,100 Mm ) so Gujarat. 3 Rajas-than and Naharashtra were allocated minor amounts (600 Mm and 300 m3 ,respectively). The NWDT also issued instructions, which have been taken intoaccount in the formulation of the SSP, regarding:

(a) proportionate sharing of water in surplus and deficit years;

(b) full reservoir level (FRL) of the Sardar Sarovar reservoir;

(c) elevation of the main canal at the Rajasthan border;

(d) sharing of pover benefits from Sardar Sarovar among Gujarat,Madhya Pradesh, and Maharasbtra;

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(e) resettlement and rehabilitatiop of people living in the reservoirarea;

(f) regulated releases from the Nar-ada Sagar Dam in BP;

(g) sharing of costs for Sardar Sarovar and Narmada Sagar dams,Sardar Sarovar riverbed and canalhead hydropower plants, andthe Narmada main canal;

(b) administrative coordinating mechanisms for implementation andoperation; and

(i) concurrent construction of Narmada Sagar Dan in HP.

1.09 Basin DeveloDment Perspectives. The NWDT's award has opened up thepotential for the most important water development in India to take placebefore the end of this century. Present plans call for the construction of30 major projects (21 irrigation, 5 hydropover, and 4 multipurpose), some 400medium irrigation schemes, and several thousand minor schemes (figure 1 andmap IBRD 17694). In addition to power generation and irrigation inside thebasin, water has been allocated for domestic and industrial uses and formultipurpose tranabasin diversions to: Son and Ton basins in eastern MP,drought prone areas of Kutch, Saurashtra, northern mainland in Gujarat, andsouthern Rajasthan. In total, around 5 M ha would be brought under irriga-tion, and about 2,700 NW of bydropower capacity would be installed at a totalcost of some US$13,000 X in today's prices as summarized below:

Salient Features of the Narmada Basin Development

Irrigation Beneficiaries PowerAnnual Farm Rural Installed Annual

CCA Ja Irrization Families Population CaRacity Production(M ha)-- - ---- (M) ------ (Xi) - --- (GWh)---

MP 2.8 3.1 0.8 6.0 1,250 3,500Gujarat 1.9 2.0 0.4 4.5 1,450 3,500Rajasthan <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.2 0 0Maharashtra <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0 0

Total 4.8 5.1 1.2 10.8 2,700 7,000

/a Cultivable command area.

Past Bank Group SuDgort for Irrigation and Power Develoiment in Guiarat

1.10 The Bank Group has provided significant support for Gujarat's irriga-tion development, starting with the construction of the Shetrunji Canalsystem (Credit No. 13-IN, 1961, US$4.5 M), and followed by the Kadana Irriga-tion Project (Credit No. 176-IN, 1970, US$35 1). Although the actual rate ofreturn estimated in the completion report was lower than anticipated at

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appraisal (12% vs. 14Z), the Mani command served from Kadana Reservoir is nowone of the most prosperous and productive areas in Gujarat.

1.11 Two creaits for irrigation are presently under implementation: theGujarat (Medium) Irrigation Project (Credit bo. bW8-IN, 197b, USNb5 N) andthe Gujarat Irrigation II (Major) Project (Credit No. lUll-IN, 1180,USS175 1). Together the two projects comprise about four rifths of Gujarat-sannual irrigatiouk investments outside harmada development. Partly due to theinnovative nature of many of the projects' components, implementation was atfirst slower than expected. Satisfactory progress has been made with theGujarat Medium operation which is now entering its second phase under thefollow-on project to the Gujarat (Medium) Irrigation Project, covering a newtime slice that has been appraised and was approved by the Board in June 19b4(Credit No. 1496-IN). An objective of the project is a significantstrengthening of Gujarat-s ability to plan, design, construct, and operateirrigation systems that can deliver a timely and reliable water supply.Although Gujarat (Major) (Cr. 1011-IN) has suffered from pervasive implemen-tation problems, primary bottlenecks have now been removed and action onresidual problems has been agreea. with GOG. An important lesson learntduring this project is the urgent need for a centralized procurementorganization such as is proposed under the SSP.

1.12 The Bank-s involvement in power development in Gujarat has beenthrough loans to central government for rural transmission and electrifica-tion from which the state has benetited- The Third Rural ElectrificationProject is now under implementation. Power supplies through tne NationalThermal Power Corporation and the Western grid and provision of rural powerlines, together with finance for wells and pumps from the Bank supportedAgriculture Refinance and Development Corporation lending programs have had asignificant impact on the development of groundwater resources of Gujarat.

II. THE SARDAR SARUVAR PROJECT 1/

General

2.01 The SSP is the part of the NRD program located in Gujarat(para 1.02). It would be based on a dam and power complex on the NarmadaRiver near Navagam village about 95 km upstream from the Gu.xlf ox Cambay (mapIBRD 17692) and irrigate a net cultivable command area (CCU) of 1.9 h ha. Inaddition, it would generate hydropower and supply water tor M&I water needs.It would be the largest Indian irrigation project ever planned and imple-mented as one unit.

jJ Portions of this cbapter are identical to comparable paragraphs of SAR,No. 5108-IN.

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Proiect Formulation. PreDaration. and Objectives

2.02 Folloving the award of the NWDT, the Bank mounted a reconnaissancemission in November 1978 to review basin development plans and to determinean appropriate means for Bank involvement. The mission recommended that:

(a) a high level Narmada Planning Group (NPG) should beestablished by the GOG;

(b) private or independent consultants gJ should be retainedfor systems studies and general planning of the GOG; and

(c) key foreign experts should be provided through the UNDP anda special project preparation component of an IDA credit.

2.03 Subsequently, GOG formed the NPG as a comprehensive planningorganization. The NPG has performed effectively its role of providingstudies and analyses that would clarify choices for decisionmakers in GOGregarding design, construction, water allocation modes, operationalschedules, schemes, etc. The UNDP-s Technical Assistance Program wasinitiated in 1979 and a USS10 H component was attached to Gujarat Irrigation11 Project (Credit No. 1011-IN) I/ to support project planning activities inIndia, especially for Narmada. Preparation and appraisal activities from1980 to 1983 entailed the use of specialists in the fields of systems plan-ning and scheduling, hydrology and hydraslics, large canal, concrete dam,hydropower, and related structure designs, distribution, drainage, and con-junctive use system design, groundwater resource evaluation, agriculture,inland navigation, O&M planning, resettlement, procurement, institutionalplanning, and cost estimates. The NPG and the Irrigation Department (ID) .Jof GOG have made extensive use of local research institutes and consultingfirms. Within a period of three years an impressive array of high qualitystudies and designs have resulted, including a comprehensive framework planby the NPG and production by the ID of high quality designs, specifications,and procurement documents. GOG has prepared a project that represents abreak with past approaches to the plAnning, design, construction, and opera-tion of irrigation projects in India. In addition, Bank staff and its con-sultants have contributed substantially to the optimization of the Narmadabasin development plans and the design of its initial project investmentsthrough their input to SSP and upstream projects in hP including the NarmadaSagar dam complex.

)J The NPG had successfully utilized, under contract, the services of Opera-tions Research Group, Vadodara, Gujarat, (a private firm) for severalyears during the critical planning stages of the SSP.

21 Subsequently supplemented by a further US10 million under the UPTubevells II Project (Cr. 1332-IN).

M The ID has been renamed the Narmada Development Department as describedin para 6.07.

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2.04 Obiectives. Water from the Narmada River is Gujarat's remainingmajor water resource to be developed. Groyth of the state economy, and ofagriculture in particular, would depend critically on the availability ofthis resource in the dry and drought prone central and northwestern parts ofthe state. The SSP would be the key element in Gujarat's water plan forthese areas. The main objectives and functions of the SS1 are therefore:

(a) to provide storage and regulation of Narmada River flo-ws for estab-lishing efficient, reliable and equitable supply of irrigation water,coupled with effective drainage services, over about 1.9 M ha ofcommand area and municipal, industrial and domestic water in Gujaratand to create potential for irrigation of about 70,000 ha and/orprovide domestic, municipal and industrial water supplies in Rajas-than, with the aim of creating the basis for a modern, diversifiedagricultural production system and for productive employment of itsgrowing rural population through irrigation; and

(b) to provide storage and regulation of Narmada River flows for estab-lishing a reliable and efficient supply and distribution ofhydroelectric energy and generating capacity including peakingcapacity, to the western region power grid serving the States ofGujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.

Salient Features of SSP

2.05 The principal physical features of the SSR would consist of thefollowing:

(a) Water storaze facilities. The Sardar Sarovar Dam would be a gravitymass concrete structure rising to a height of 128.5 m above theriverbed. It would create a reservoir with an initial live storageof 5,800 Nm? (4.72 hAE) extending about 210 km up the Narmada valleyand submerging an area of 370 kmu, and would require the resettlementand rehabilitation of about 11,00 families. The safety and utiliza-tion of the dam and reservoir would be enhanced by the installationand operation of the hydrometeorological network for the purpose offlood warning and day to day reservoir operations.

(b) Power facilities. There would be power generating facilities on theriverbed and on the reservoir outlet to the main canal. The RiverbedPowerhouse, located underground on the right bank downstream of themain dam, would accommodate six reversible units each of 200 MWcapacity that would necessitate construction of a weir downstream atGarudeshwar for pumpback operation. The Canalbead Powerhouse (CHPH)on the right bank upstream of the main dam would be a surface stationof conventional type accommodating five units each of 50 MW capacity.The powerhouses would operate through a common switchyard to feed400 kv transmission lines that deliver power to Gujarat, MadhyaPradesh and Maharashtra.

(c) Water supplv and distribution facilities. Releases would be throughthe CHPH or the irrigation by-pass tunnel. Those releases would be

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reregulated in four interconnected ponds above the main canal headregulator. The main canal, branches, and distributaries, which formthe conveyance system to 200-500 ha irrigation service areas (SAs),would be concrete-lined and equippea with sufficientcross-regulators, and heaa control gates to operate on the controlledvolume principle (SAR No. 5108-IN). The canal delivery system,within SAs would be lined to outlets serving about 8 ha and channelswould be unlined from there to the farm or field outlets, and wouldbe free draining. In-line hydropower stations would be located ondrops on the Saurashtra and Kutch branch canals, and pump stationswould be located on the rising reaches of these canals.

(d) Groundwater suRPIv facilities. Where aquifer conditions permit,centrally controlled augmentation tubewells would supply water tothe delivery network above or at the head of SAs and then to thecanal delivery system in the area.

(e) Draina.e facilities. An open channel flood drainage system consist-ing of improved natural and artificial drains would be constructed tothe 40-ha level in the command area. Surface drainage from the fieldto the 40-ha level would be the responsibility of the farmer.However, drainage channels required for protection of irrigationfacilities will do much to meet this need. Where present, the aug-mentation tubewells would perform a groundwater drainage function.Elsewhere, provision would be made to dispose of excess groundwaterby pumping from wells to waste or by provision of horizontaldrainage, as appropriate.

(f) Roads. The existing road network within the command area would beenhanced by improving farm to market access and by constructing newroads to support operation and maintenance (o&4) of the total system.

(g) Other infrastructure. A looped communicatio-a system would beprovided between the project control center, area control centers,and all flow control points. All such flow control points would bemonitorea by sensing devices, and all flow control structures atgreater than 8.5 cumec capacity would be equipped for remote control.Other infrastructure include buildings for offices, stores,workshops, and residences, to support O0al of the total system.

(h) Command area development. This would include land shaping, develop-ment of on-farm drainage facilities, and agricultural support serv-ices.

SSP Implementation Period

2.06 It was estimated at appraisal that it would take 22 years to completethe entire SSP water storage, delivery and drainage systems including con-junctive use schemes, command area development and roads. The dam and powerfacilities are scheduled for initiation in 1985 and completion in 1994. SSPimplementation goals and objectives are shown in table 1. Figure 2 shows theimplementation schedules for all major components of the SSP, including thedam and pov-er complex (sheet 1) and the conveyance, distribution, and

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drainage facilities (sheet 2). GOG indicates that it expects completion ofmajor SSP conveyance and drainage works by September 30, 1998 and the remain-ing works, by September 30, 2006. Thus, the 22-year implementation period(figure 2) which was derived at appraisal, provides the principal bases foreconomic evaluation of the SSP. Variations are to be expected in theimplementation and completion of specific works which are projected twodecades in advance, for such a complex development program. Possible devia-tions from implementation assumptions taken and effects, therefore, upon thejustification of the SSP are fully covered by the risk considerations ofChapter VII.

Rationale for Bank Involvement in Sardar Sarovar Proiect

2.07 Due to the project's outstanding potential for benefiting the basinand the nation, the Bank has been closely involved during the planning,preparation and formulation stage. IDA funds have been provided to financecosts of preparation of basin projects in Gujarat and HP (para 2.03). TheBank has emphasized the optimization of the basin plan through, inter-alia,the adoption of modern design criteria, methodologies and appropriateinstitutions for executing the key investments and in the phasing of invest-ments. The rationale for continuation of Bank involvement is summarizedbelow:

(a) The project has the potential for generating long term socioeconomicbenefits on an unprecedented local, regional, and national scale, inone of the world's neediest settings.

(b) The Bank has had a catalyzing role in the interstate coordination andinformation exchange between the basin states and should continue todo so. Modern river basin planning effecting interdependent projectscalls for new and complex techniques and approaches that are notwidely available in India and are not likely to be adequately usedwithout Bank involvement and assistance.

(c) The planning objective is to satisfy the requirements of agriculturein the next century. New proposed technologies ot systems operationand control and other innovations, that have been adopted at theplanning and design stages, may be slow or never occur without con-tinued Bank participation.

(d) This project represents one of the best opportunities to achieve theBank's objectives of setting standards for the modernization of theIndian irrigation sector.

(e) It is significant that through the Bank's participation, the projecthas taken a different, more modern shape than it may otherwise havetaken. While this could be true of many projects, this case hasgreater significance due to its size.

(f) Bank involvement would act as a catalyst for the attraction of inter-national contractors and financing from outside sources forhydropower equipment.

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III. TRE SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND RESERVOIR

Location and Site Characteristics

3.01 The damsite is located in the vicinity of Navagam village, 80 kmsoutheast of the city of Vadodara. The topography of the damsite is rugged andhilly and is well suited to the type, layout, and dimensions of the camselected for the project. The geology has been thoroughly investigated andanalyzed. The dam foundation excavations essentially have been completed.Early excavations helped determine the weaknesses in the foundation and enabledcorrective measures to be designed without delaying main dam construction andhave also confirmed major quantity estimates of the tender documents. Weakmaterials in the fault zone in the river channel have been excavated to anele-7ation 11 m below sea level and backfilling with reinforced concrete to thenormal foundation level at 18 m above sea level were completed at the end of1983-b4 construction season. The layout and location of main features of thedcn complex are shown on map IBRD 17692.

3.02 Comprehensive geologic investigations have been conaucted on the rightabutment of the main dam to prove the competency of the site for constructionof the underground powerhouse. This includes extensive test drilling of theproposed access tunnel and cavern excavation locations and an exploratory aaitalong the longitudinal axis and near the top of the proposed 22 m by 58 mby 211 m machine ball. The final design specifications and bid package werereviewed at appraisal by experts of the Snowy Mountain Engineering Corporation(SNEC), Australia. The internationally constituted (Sardar Sarover) Dan ReviewPanel (DRP) (see para 4.22) has conducted numerous reviews of the site and therelevant technical data in order to approve the proposed design and layoutparsmeters and to assure the integrity of the design, its structural viability,and the water tightness of the site. i)

3.03 Tribunal Design Decisions. Principal decisions made by the NWDT in1979 that affected the dam design were as follows:

(a) Full supply level (FSL) of the main canal at the head regulatorwas fixed at EL 91.44 m; and

(b) Full reservoir level (FRL) and maximun water level (MWL) in thereservoir were fixed at EL 138.68 m and 140.21 m, respectively.

3.04 Site Selection. Nine sites had been investigated since 1947 in thesearch for a possible damsite on the lower Warmada River. Four of these siteswere discarded when it was decided that a higher dam was preferable, whichrequired moving the axis upstream where the topography provided higher abut-ments for the dam. The most favorable damsites were narrowed to three sites inthe vicinity of Navagam village. Of these, one site was rejected becauseits topography was least favorable for a high dam, and following further exten-sive geologic exploration of the two remaining sites, the present SardarSarovar site was chosen.

jJ The geology, topography, climate, and hydrology of the region and the damand reservoir sites, including permeability and seismic parameters, arefully discussed in SDV, annex 9, chapter IV, and the record of the proceed-ings of the DRP which are in the project files.

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3.05 Type of Dam. Four alternative types of dams were evaluated for thesite including:

(a) full gravity dam;

(b) buttress dam with nonoverflow section on the left flank, gravity dam inthe spillway section, and gravity nonoverflow section on the right flank;

Cc) chute spillway section followed by a gravity nonoverflow dam on theleft flank, rockfill in the river portion with a gravity power damfollowed by a gravity nonoverflow section on the right flank; and

(d) full length hollow dam.

The comparison indicated approximately equal and lowest costs for alternatives(a) and (b), hovever, relative ease of construction prompted the gravity damchoice.

3.06 The Reservoir. The reservoir would extend some 210 km upstream of thedamsite in a narrow valley carved in basaltic rock underlain by sandstoge andlimestone. The total 5eservoir capacity at FRL of 138.7 i is 9,500 EIm with asurface area of 370 km . The active storage is 5,600 Mmu between FRL andminimum drawdown level (MDDL) for power operations of 110.6 m. For irrigationdiversions during sevIre drought, the MDDL would be lowered to about 93.6 madding about 1,640 Mm of active storage.

3.07 There appears to be no potential for leakage into another catchment,and leakage around the dam would be controlled by the planned grouting program.There is no historical record of large scale landslides having occurred withinthe reservoir area or its vicinity, and a survey presents no evidence oflandslides that would affect the behavior of the reservoir. A seismic monitor-iDg network is proposed to evaluate possible reservoir induced seismicity inthe future. Siltation studies indicate a reservoir life in the range of 180 to340 years. The dead storage provided is considerea adequate.

3.08 There are an estimated 235 villages and 10,578 families in three statesthat would require resettling prior to filling the reservoir. The principlesto be adoptea for the resettlement of families were established by the NWDT andmodified or expanded at appraisal and supplemented by institutional arrange-ments for implementation (see paras 4.34-4.38). Planning is underway with theForestry Department to salvage all marketable timber prior to inundation.

Climate and Hvdrology

3.09 Climate. The climate of the Narmaaa Basin is humid and tropical,although, at times, extremes of heat and cold are encountered with temperaturesranging between 430 C and 70 C. The range of mean annual temperatures are asfollows:

January to February 150 C to 200 CMarch to hay 300 C to 32.50 CJune to September 27.50 C to 300 COctober to December 250 C to 27.50 C

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3.10 Rainfall/Runoff. Rainfall data in the basin area has been availablesince 1b91 at which time 21 rain gauge stations were in operation, and by 1974this had increased to 108 stations. Regular hydrologic gauging in the harmadaRiver commenced in 1942, but it was not until 1948 that continuous hydrographicrecording was established. There are now nine river gauging stations operatingon the Narmada River and 19 on its tributaries. Runoff at the gauge site atGarudeshwar (about 14 km below the damsite) has been recorded for 33 yearssince 1950, and provides the site with direct discharge data. The rainfallrecords have been correlated with the river discharge records to establish arainfall runoff relationship for the period prior to 1950. The mean annualrainfall of the catchment is 1,214 mm of which 60% falls in July and August,and 90Y falls in the monsoon months of June to October. From a recent statis-tical analysis of the frequency distribution of estimated runoff at Garudeshwargauge for the period 1925-197b (c3alendar years), the mean annual runoff at theda site is estimated at 45,000 Mm and the 75% dependable runoff at 35,200am /year. This compares with the estimate or 75% dependable r noff of 33,570

Mm3 upon which the NWDf based its ,"utilizable," flow (34,500 0h ) to be shareaamong party states. Lj 'rom March to May the discharges at the damsite fall toabout 30 cumecs. Flows exceeding 2,000 cumecs are experienced in the monsoonfor extended periods and the annual maximum nearly always exceeds 2U,000cumecs. Sirce 1967, flood discharges have exceeded 48,U00 cumecs on iiveoccasions, with a maximum estimated at 69,000 cumecs in 1970.

3.11 Floods lUsed For Design. The following two floods have been usea in thedesign for the Sardar Sarovar Dam:

(a) the flood witb a recurrence interval of 1,000 years. This iscalled the design flood for determining the *WL in the reservoirfrom the point of view of backwater flooding into MP; and

(b) the probable maximum flood (0IF) for determining thespillway size required to prevent overtopping oi the aam under anycircumstances and protect against loss of life due to dam failure.

3.12 The determination of the PMF has been actively pursuea by the NarmaaaProject Dam and Design Circle (NW DJC) and the DRP with considerable input fromCentral Water and Power Research Station and the Indian Meteorological Depart-ment. In addition, several international experts in the field of flood hydrol-ogy have been engaged to advise on the matter. The studies contirm that theproposed height of the dam and design of the spillway are satisfactory. Thereservoir design flood peak intlow (1,000-year) is istimated at 101,700 cumecsand its seven day volume was estimated at 16,4U0 Mm . 'lhis peak attenuates byreservoir storage to b7,300 cumecs at the spLllway as the reservoir rises to amaximum elevation of 139.7 m. The PMF hydrograph indicates 5 peak reservoirinflow of 171,0UO cumecs and a seven day volume of 33,600 lim . Attenuation ofthe inflow peak due to reservoir, channel, and overbank storage results in apeak spillway outflow of 132,000 cumecs and a maximum water elevation surfacein the reservoir of 144.3 m. lhus, the design flood would remAin within theMWL of 140.2 m prescribed by the NWDT and the PNF flood would not overtop the

/ Utilizable flow as determinea by NWDT took into account natural flows basedon Garudeshwar observed data from 194b-70 and hind-cast series from1891-1948 plus carryover storage plus return flows minus reservoir evapora-tion.

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dam (top elevation (EL) 146.5 m) thereby rendering it safe against all probableflooding. The estimated PM1 hydrographs for reservoir inflow and routed out-flow at the dam and spillway site are shown graphically in figure 3. Adetailed summary of the flood analysis, including results of modelling studiesis given in SDV, annex 9.

3.13 Reservoir Sedimentation. Based on 19b2 studies of available deadstorage, measured suspended sediment and projected bedload estimates, NPDCCconcluded that the reservoir has an expected life of between 180 and 340 years.These estimates were accepted at appraisal as adequate.

3.14 Reservoir Operation Studies. Assessment of the operation of the SaraarSarovar Reservoir depends on model simulation of riverflows as regulated byupstream reservoirs, of upstream abstractions, and of corresponding returnflows. The schematic sequence of upstream projects is shown in figure 1. Thesimulation takes into account the NWDT rules concerning sharing of utilizableflows, carryover storage to be provided in certain years, and mandatory down-stream releases from Narmada Sagar Dam, which is yet to be built in MP. Asimulation of MP's and Maharashtra's abstractions, of their reservoir opera-tions, of Gujarat's and Rajasthan's water demand from Sarciar Sarovar Reservoir,and of releases through RBPh has been undertaken for a series of 30 years(1948-78) of natural runoff records. The simulation was carried out for anumber of distinct stages of development of the basin, both upstream and inGujarat. The simulations were subsequently adjusted to reflect a longer seriesof rainfall and runoff in the basin (54 years), which appears to represent longrun hydrology more truly, giving mean annual runoff of 45,000 hM3 (see para3.10). The simulation studies give indicative estimates of mean potential andprojected actual abstraction from Sardar Sarovar Reservoir for irrigation andother water uses, as well as for average releases through the RBPH for selectedstages of development. The estimates are summarized in the following table:

Surface Water Availability for Proiected Development Stages A/

Developgmnt Stage

Early Intermediate b/ Full c/

GujaratAllocated share 10,800 (9,000) 11,200 (10,700) 11,800 (10,500)Potential abstraction by Gujarat 12,800 (9,9U0) 12,bUO (10,100) 12,700 (10,6UO)Projected abstraction by Gujarat 2,200 11,500 12,100

Rajasthan 3uO 600 650Power releases (RBPH) 27,500 16,900 2,650

Note: All figures refer to estimated mean flows, except figures in brackets,which indicate flows at 75% dependability.

a/ See SDV, annex 1, chapter III and annex 3, ."Surface Water Res...urces."b/ Assumes Gujarat and Rajasthan to be at full development, while MP and Maharashtra

remain at an early stage of both reservoir capacity and abstractions.SJ Assumes basin fully developed.

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IV. THE PROJECT

Proiect Description

4.01 The project would consist of the construction of the Sardar Sarovar Damand power complex, over a 110-month (9-years) construction period (1985-94).Salient technical features of the dam and power complex are given in table 2.The overall long term objectives of the SSP are su-marized in para 2.04. Thespecific objectives of this dam and power project are to create a major storageand diversion facility in the lower Narmada River valley and to develop, withinexisting physical and legal constraints, the river's multiple purpose watersupply and hydroelectric power potential.

4.02 The dam and power complex would include the following main components:

(a) a 128.5 m high and 1,210 m long concrete gravity dam with a large gatedspillvay and headworks for an underground powerhouse in the right abut-ment at riverbed;

(b) a RBPH with an installed capacity of 1,200 KW housing six 200 MW revers-ible turbine-generator units;

Xc) a concrete veir fitted with gates, located downstream of the (am toprovide the short term storage required for the pumpback operation;

-d) a CEYIH with installed capacity of 250 MW, including five 50 hW conven-tional turbine-generator units;

Ce) the Vadgam Saddle Dam that would secure the reservoir impoundment nearthe damsite on the right rim and provide the structural base for CHPHintake and penstock arrangements;

(f) irrigation by-pass tunnel that would supply irrigation requirements inthe event the OHPR is not operating;

(g) four interconnected ponds (small reservoirs) to be created by rockfilldams that have been located between the CHPI discharge channel and theby-pass tunnel outlet and the main canalhead regulator;

(h) power transmission lines from project generating stations to MP andMaharashtra interconnection locations;

(i) a hydrometeorological (flood warning) network of raintall, streamflowand reservoir level gauges tied to telemetering and comunicationsystems to be established throughout the Narmada Basin.

(j) resettlement and rehabilitation of oustees from the project's dam andreservoir area;

(k) a training program to assist implementation of the project as well asfuture operation and maintenance of project facilities covering environ-mental sciences, operation and maintenance, and resettlement andrehabilitation; and

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(1) technical assistance for the project's overall design, construction, andquality control; design and construction of the underground RBPh; opera-tion and maintenance of the dams, spillvays, hydroelectric power plantsand power supply systems; carrying out of the hydrometeorological net-work; and, monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilita-tion program.

A parallel water delivery and drainage project within the NRIi-Gujarat vill beimplemented to ensure beneficial and timely utilization of the water supplypotentials created by the dam and reservoir. It is described in detail in SAR,No. 510&-IN.

Detailed PLhsical Features 1/

Dam and Spillwavs

4.03 Description. The main dam would be a 1,210 m long concrete gravitystructure. It would rise 128.5 m above streambed and 157.5 m above the lowestpoint of excavation in the riverbed. The FRI was fixed at elevation (EL) 138.68m and MWL was fixed at 140.21 m by the NWDT. Allowing for a freeboard of 6.29m, the top of the dam is at 146.5 m.

4.04 Of the main dam's total length, the central 750 m portion supports agated spillway section and 460 m on the flanks comprise nonoverflow sections.The 524 m long service spillway contains 23 radial gates with dimensions 18.3 by16.7 a. Energy dissipation below the dam occurs in a 297 m long sloping-aprontype stilling basin. The service spillway in the center has side walls up to 56m high, and four dividing walls up to 45 m high that create five separateoperating bays.

4.05 A 161 m long auxilliary spillway on the left flank contains seven 1.3by 18.3 m radial gates discharging into a chute. The end of the chute is fittedwith energy dissipation deflector buckets that jet spill water back to thestream. The chute walls would be up to 18 m high.

4.06 The service and auxiliary spillways combined would provide protectionagainst overtopping and failure of the dam for a PMF peak inflow of up to171,000 cumecs which is attenuated to 132,000 cunecs at the spillway. The riverchannel would be excavated for about 2J0 m below the sloping apron to improveits flow evacuation characteristics.

4.07 Ongoing construction in the dam foundation is facilitated by works fordiversion of the river, including upstream and downstream coffer dams, a diver-sion channel ana construction sluice at streambed. The sluice has a bottom ELof 18 m and consists of ten 2.8 by 2.1 a conduits. This sluice would be pluggedwith concrete and replaced by eight similar sized conduits at EL 35 m that woulddischarge into the service spillway stilling basin following its completion.

4.08 In addition to the sluiceways, other outlet works of the Sardar SarovarDam include: intake facilities for the RBPH at EL 97.5 m in the nonoverflow

jj The following constitutes a suimary of the overall magnitude of the projectand its facilities, however, additional details are given in SDV, annex 9.

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section on the right abutment; four emergency outlets placed with invert EL 61.5m for passing the lover riverflows during construction following closure of thetemporary sluiceways; ana the CHli outlets at Vadgam Saadle Dam and the irriga-tion by-pass tunnel that are not part ot the uain aam structure.

4.09 Mategial Requirements. Construction of the main dam involves placementof over 7 Mm of mass and structural concrece that would require approxima equantities of cgnstruction materials as follows: ngtural aggregates - 7 Mzm;cement - 1.2 Mm ; fly ash or pozzolana / - 0.2 Mm ; and crushea aggregates -0.6 i.3. There are more than adequate supplies of aggregates for all concretingworks in close proximity to the aam. All required cement would be obtained froma newly commissioned 2,OUO tons/day cement factory near Surat some 150 km fromthe dausite. Pczzolana would be obtained from fly ash from the Ukai ThermalPower Station about 250 km from the damsite, or burnt clay pozzolana from shaledeposits located nearby or in Rajasthan as necessary to assure use of the bestavailable quality (see pars 4.33).

Riverbed Powerhouse

4.10 The RBPH comprises an underground cavern (22 m by 211 m by 58 m) in theright bank housing six 200 MW reversible turbine-generator units and a b50 mlong two way access tunnel. The sequentially alignea water conductor systemconsists of six 7.62 m diameter by 210 m long tunnels extending trom respectiveintake structures on the face of the right nonoverflow section of the main dam;six circular 10 m diameter by 160 m long tunnels from the turbines; an opencollection pool; three circular tailrace tunnels 11.5 m diameter by 430 m long;and an open tailrace channel to the river 150 m wide by b30 m long. Accessoryfacilities and equipment include cable shafts, a surface transformer deck, andswitchyara for transmission connection.

Garudeshwar Weir

4.11 The weir is located about lb km downstream ot the tailrace outlet of theRBPH. It would be ̂ gated, concrete structure about 23 m high that wouldprovide about 26 Lm' storage and would maintain the minimum tailwater level atEL 25.9 m. The design is ongoing but no unusual foundation conditions areanticipated.

Canalhead Powerhouse

4.12 The surface CHPH comprises five 50 hW units and a transtormer deck. Thewater conductor system consists of six steel penstocks (6.7 m diameter by 80 mlong) with gated intake structures located on the reservoir lace of VaagamSaddle Dam, and an open channel about 140 m wide by 3U0 m long, which dischargesinto the first of four interlinked reservoirs (para 4.15). A comon switchyardwould be constructed for both RBPH and CHPhi to step up the generating voltage to400 kV for transmission.

/.j A siliceous or silicaous and aluminous additive to a concrete mix whicacombines chemically with lime in portland cement to improve workability anaquality of the concrete or protects against aisruptive expansion caused byalkali-aggregate reaction or sulphate attack.

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Vad2aul Saddle Dam

4.13 This dam is in a saddle on the right rim of the reservoir about bO mupstream of the main dam axis. The dam is about 60 m high, and contains theCEPH intake regulator and retains the reservoir level. The saddle dictates thelocation of the power station. The site has been investigatea vith drill holesand trenches resulting in the selection of a concrete masonry dam. Enoughgeologic investigations have been completed to assure the adequacy of the sitefrom a foundation and water tightness point of view (SDV, annex 9, para 4.16).Detailed design data collection and designs are proceeding.

The Irritation Bv-pass Tunnels

4.14 The by-pass tunnels have been designed to release the peak irrigationrequirements so that the irrigation demand can be met if the (BPH is out otoperation. It is located on the right abutment with its intake about 75 mupstream of the main dam. Present design envisages twin pressurized tunnels,each of 6.4 m diameter operated by control gates located at the downstream endof the tunnel. An invert elevation adequate to allow substantial flow into theNarmada main canal when its water surface is at about &7 m has been recommendea,pending final design studies, to assure utilization of additional storage asdiscussed in para 3.U6. A stilling basin type energy dissipator would beprovided at the entrance to the upper regulating reservoir (paras 4.15-4.16).

The Canalhead Refulation Reservoirs

4.15 Four interlinked reservoirs behind rockfill dams have been locatedbetween the CHPH discharge channel or the irrigation by-pass tunnel outlet andthe main canal3head regulator. The four reservoirs would have an active storageof about 13 NmJ for control of daily operational mismatches between powerreleases and irrigation demands.

4.16 Construction of the dams and interlink channels commenced in 1980. Thedams are constructed of earth and rockfill embankments with central core andfilter zones, and are located on four small watercourses. The ponds are inter-linked by deep channels excavated through the ridges between the watercourses.A rock-masonry spillway structure for flood protection is provided on the righcflank of the dam on reservoir no. 3 and evacuates into the Suryakund Nalla.Normal operating levels in the reservoirs would vary between EL 95.12 m and EL92.07 m allowing discharge in the main canal at FSL of 91.46 m.

Transmission Lines

4.17 Transmission facilities would consist of about 670 km of 400 kvdouble-circuit transmission lines to connect the hydropower complex to the gridinterconnection points in Gujarat, XP, and haharashtra, and stepdown equipmentat terminal points. However, NWDT's cost sharing formula for the project takesaccount only of the line length necessary to transmit the power to the NP andMaharashtra borders, a total line distance of 1O km. Agreement has beenreached with GOGI GOMP and GOM that they would carry out, in accordance withstandards and criteria acceptable to the Bank, the planning, design and con-struction, and, by December 31, 1991, or such other date as may be agreed uponbetween the Bank and the states, complete vithin their respective state bound-aries, the construction of transmission lines and substations and other

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power-related facilities required for full integration of the SSP powerfacilities with the Western Region power grid.

Design and Implementation AsUects

Dan and SDillwavs

4.1 The dam design 5 has been carried out by the NPDDC with overview by theDIP and sanctioned by the CEC. The design data and criteria are in accordancewith the standards laid down by Indian Standard IS-6512-1973, which in turn isin accordance with the scandards of other major dam-building authorities in theworld. The design and layout of the dam adopted is considered most appropriatefor the conditions at the site and is primarily influenced by features requiredfor handling of monsoon floods during construction and the spillway facilitiesrequired to handle extremely large floods which could occur during the operationof the reservoir.

4.19 Comprehensive hydraulic modelling of the dam, its spillways, and outletfacilities have been completed and the DRY has accepted the layout, design, anddimensions of the facilities. The review of data at appraisal by SHEC resultedin basic agreement with the DRP's conclusions as described in SDV, annex 9. Allmodelling used separate physical models at the Gujarat Engineering ResearchInstitute, Vadodara and/or the Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune.Principal conclusions are that the service and auxillary spillways would ade-quately dissipate energy for flood flows at the damsite of up to 171,000 cumecs(the probable maximum condition) without jeopardizing the safety of the dam andwould achieve sustained performance efficiently over the range of lower floodflows.

The Dam Review Panel

4.20 The DBP was formed early in 1981 by authority of GOI and GOG and had itsinitial meeting in June 1981. Members include five Indian and two expatriateconsultants. Detailed terms of reference of the panel require review and recom-mendations concerning the dam's technical data, analyses, designs, and implemen-tation plans. It was also to assure the aaequacy of the overall design, safety,and economic efficiency of the main dam and appurtenances, including the reser-voir, spillways, RPH, CHPR, foundations and river diversion facilities. Thepanel met seven times through 1983. It has produced detailed reports of meetingactivities and progressive recommendations. These reports are maintained in theproject file.

4.21 Activities of the panel concentrated on the review of principal elementsof the analyses and designs, which would effect the integrity of the main damand spillvay structures. Review elements included: selection of the damsite;foundation explorations to identify veaknesses and possible remedies, includingfoundation treatment against sliding; layout of the dam complex with emphasis onhydraulic models and other analyses of the adequacy of spillway energy dissipa-tion; flood hydrology study results, including effects of the PMF on the maindam, the spillway, and appurtenant facilities; seismicity coefficientsappropriate for the site; dynamic analyses of the structure; stability analyses;design criteria to be adopted; design of the underground RBPH; miscellaneousfeatures such as designs and plans for dam and reservoir monitoring (instrumenta-tion) systems, spillway aeration, and spillvay gate operations; and preliminary

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designs of related facilities such as Vadgam Saddle Dam (headworks for the CHPRintakes and penstocks), and the irrigation by-pass tunnel.

4.22 At appraisal, project authorities maintained the view that the DRI waschartered to be maintained only through the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Projectdesign stages. However, justification for continuing the review function underthe auspices of a reconstituted Dam Safety Panel (DSP) throughout projectimplementation for this large and important dam and its related features hasbeen clearly established. Thus, agreements have been reached with GOG that itwould by April 1, 1985, establish and thereafter maintain a DS2 with terms ofreference and membership satisfactory to the Bank. Agreements have also beenreached that GOG would:

(a) cause the DSP to conduct semi-annual reviews of the adequacy of theplans and designs of the dams, spillways, bypass tunnel, veir, power-houses, channels and related structures and facilities included in theproject and to examine, inter alia. whether there is a need for makingchanges in the design and/or construction; and

(b) not later than seven days from the date of each of the DSP-s reviews,furnish to the Bank and GOG a report of its findings, conclusions recom-mendations.

GOG further agreed that it would, under arrangements satisfactory to the Bank,cause the project-s dams, spillways, by-pass tunnel, weir, powerhouses, channelsand related structures and facilities constructed under the project to be peri-odically inspected in accordance with sound engineering practices in order todetexmine whether there are any deficiencies in the condition of such struc-tures, or in the quality and adequacy of maintenance or methods of operation,which might endanger their safety. It is proposed that the DSP meet not lessthan every six months or when requested by project authorities to review overalldesigns, construction and quality control of the project-s water storage andcontrol features and the hydropower components. Thereafter, the DSP wouldreport its findings and recommendations to the project authorities for resolu-tion. In order to assist the resolution of such issues a pool of talent wouldbe made readily available through a prepared list of indiviaual consultants.Thus, it has been agreed that GOG would by April 1, 1985, prepare and furnish tothe Bank, for its approval, a list of consultants and/or experts in the areasof, inter alia quality control, design of gates and valves and related controlequipment, concrete design and placement, steel fabrication and erection, tun-nels, rock mechanics including coutrolled blasting and rock support systems forthe underground powerhouses, design and installation of large rotating equipmentand accessory electrical equipment, operation and maintenance of dams andspillways and power plants and emergencies encountered during construction suchas earthquakes and other unforseen events which may affect the project. Par-ticipation of the members of the DSP and individual consultants, as may berequired, are included under conditions and arrangements to be funded under theloan and credit allocations for technical assistance which are further discussedin paras 4.27, 6.16 and 6.17.

The Hydronower ComDonents

4.23 The largest hydropower component is the underground RBPkI and its ancil-lary facilities. It was envisaged by NiWD as a conventional plant. However,investigations indicated that after the date of project commissioning, peak

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shortages would coincide with offpeak surpluses of energy that made desirablethe adoption of reversible turbines, a less costly option than the addition ofthermal peaking capacity elsewbere in the system. This decision required after-bay storage for pumping that is created by construction of Garudeshwar Weiracross the Narmada River channel about i8 km below the main dam. Also, inves-tigations have justified the CE1R as a surface hydroelectric plant, as envisagedby NWDT, located just below Vadgam Saddle Dam. Its tail waters would dischargeinto the balancing reservoirs at the head of the main canal (map IBRD 17962).The capacities of the RBPH and of the CHPH would be 1,200 MW and 250 MW, respec-tively. Commissioning of the first 200 MW unit of the RBPH is expected inOctober 1992 and the sixth (last) unit in July 1994. Similarly, the first50 hW unit of the CEPH would be commissioned in August 1992 and the fifth (last)unit in December 1993.

4.24 The analyses of the proposed RBPH and CHIi installations were carriedout jointly by GOG and the Central Electricity Authority (C5A). These studiesincluded comprehensive reservoir operation simulations, regional power demandand generation analyses, evaluation of the sizing of the plants and tur-bine-generator units in each plant, and a determination favoring the use ofreversible turbine-generator units in the RBPR. Studies were also made toverify that Sardar Sarovar hydropower installations, as scheduled, belong to theleast cost expansion program for the Western Region when compared with equiv-alent alternative sequences for power development. A full discussion of thehydropower component, including the electric power supply and demand situationin India and the western region, justifications for selecting the size and typeof RBPH and CUPH units and overall plant sizing are presented in SDi, annex 9.

Hydrometeoro logical Network

4.25 A hydrometeorological network, including an early flood warning systemfor the Narmada Basin is included as a project component. This is justified bySRrdar Sarovar dam safety considerations that, under basin conditions, haveresulted in the design of perhaps the world's largest spillway. lhere is also acritical need for real-time data upon which to base day-to-day decisions con-cerning the optimum operation of the basin's interrelated projects including theSSP. Moreover, future basin plans in MP call for immediate development ofNarmada Sagar Dam located about 300 km upstream, (the basin's largest singlestorage unit), and the ultimate development of some 28 additional major projectstorage and diversion projects. Preparation, design, and implementation ofthose projects would also benefit from the data collected by a hydrometeorologi-cal network. The system would permit enhanced planning and design capabilitiesand result in improved operational efficiencies and reduction of flood damagesthroughout the Basin as soon as it becomes operational.

4.26 The network would be implemented and aaministered by coordination ofproject authorities in Gujarat, MP and Maharashtra and the N4armada ControlAuthority. Study reports have been completed for NCA by the India-based firmsof Telecommunication Consultants India, Ltd., and Computer Maintenance Corpora-tion Limited. Those reports along with KCA's June 1984 report titled"Hydrometeorological Network for Real Time Streamflow and Flood Forecasting iniarmada Basin" resulted in a refinement and overall substantiation of estimatesavailable at appraisal. jj Those refinements include definition of alternative

jj The consultants' and INCA-s reports are maintained in the project files.

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combinations of equipment and operating methodologies for the collection,storage, transmission, communication and processing of relevant data on a realtime basis. Equipment subsystems would include the following:hydrometeorological sensors at lb self-recording rain gauges, 18 stream gaugedischarge and 15 project reservoir sites located throughout the Basin; alterna-tive systems for data and voice transmission and communication including UHF/VHFradio, space sateAlite/VHF radio, and UHF/VHF radio along with arrangements forrental of existing equipment of the Post and Telegraph Department; and, acentrally located control center(s) with appropriate computer equipment toassist operators in the rapid monitoring and evaluation of data. Selection ofthe final network configuration and its operating plan is pending final evalua-tion of available options. Selection, design and evaluation of the finalfacilities and related operating procedures would be the combined responsibilityof the liCA, GOG, GOU and GOMP project authorities. For implementation of thehydrometeorological network GOI would need to make available to the participat-ing states about US$15 M. Agreements have been reached with with GOG, GUMP andGOM that they would, in coordination one with another and the NCA:

(a) by December 31, 1986 prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval,a final system design for the hydrometeorological network includingequipment specifications and construction schedules, and thereafter,carry out the system design and construction following approval;

(b) by December 31, 1787, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval,an operation and maintenance plan for the hydrometeorological networkincluding the provision of funds, staff and other resources, and, there-after, adopt and implement the plan as approved;

(c) by June 30, 1988, have the components of the hydrometeorological networklocated within their respective state boundaries, installed and opera-tional in a manner satisfactory to the Bank; and

(d) provide to NCA, as needed and in accordance with cost-sharing provisionsof the hWDT decision, the funds, faciliLies, services and other resour-ces required to enable NCA to assist GOI in carrying out its respon-sibilities under the 1iDT decision related to, inter alia, the overalloperation and maintenance of the hydrometeorological network.

Also, agreement has been reached with GOIP and GOM that they would carry out incoordination with one another and with GOG and NCA, the construction, procure-ment, installation, operation and maintenance of the hydrometeorological networkin conformity with appropriate administrative, financial and engineering prac-tices, and provide as needed, the funds, facilities, staffing, services andother resources required for such purposes.

Traininz and Technical Assistance

4.27 Training, in support of interstate activities during implementation ofthe project, would be required in categories as follows (paras 6.14 and 6.15):

(a) the environmentzl sciences and mitigation measures;

(b) project operation and maintenance; and

(c) resettlement and rehabilitation.

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Technical assistance required for implementation would be in the follovingcategories (paras 6.16 and 6.17):

(a) overall project design, construction and quality control;

(b) design and construction of the RBPH including underground works;

(c) operation and maintenance of dams, spillways, hydropower plants andpower supply systems;

(d) implementation of the hydrometeorological network;

(e) support of expert participation in DSP activities and ofindividual consultants; and

(f) monitoring and evaluation of resettlement and rehabilitationactivities.

Implementation Schedule and Status of PreRaration

4.28 Figures 2 and 4 show the proposed optimal implementation schedule forthe overall SSP and details of the Sardar Sarovar Dam and ancillary works,respectively. Table 1 shows principal goals and objectives for the SSP. Theentire complex is scheduled for completion in 1994.

4.29 Construction of the Main Dam. Works on the foundation excavation andtreatment, and initial river diversions were undertaken by a series of localcontracts. Exposing the foundations of the dam enabled potential problems to beidentified and solved, and thus, permitted a more exact estimation of quantitiesand treatment required.

4.30 The contract for the mai-n dam is on schedule. The contract provides forthe supply by the government of a considerable amount of materials which can besupplied economically from local sources for which the contractor would pay afixed price, including cement, steel reinforcement, explosives, rubble, andconcrete admixtures such as pozzolana (see para 4.09). In addition, the govern-ment would supply most of the metalwork to be installed in the dam. These itemsof metalwork would be obtained by GOG through contracts with manufacturers andsuppliers of equipment, including radial gates, river outlet gates, penstockgates, gantry crane, stoplogs, and pumps. Individual contracts would be util-ized for supply and installation of elevators in the dam, and the constructionof a substation for permanent power supply to the dam. The design and bidpackage for the main dam and prequalification of bidders has been completed andbids have been invited. The main dam contract represents about bbkX of the totalcost of the project-s estimated work contracts. Also, prequalification applica-tions have been received, designs have been completed and bid solicitation isimminent for the civil works for the underground RBPB. lhe cost of the civilworks on the RBPH equals about 8Z of the total cost of work contracts under theproject (para 5.14 et. seq.).

4.31 Other Contracts in the Dam and Power Complex. Other works would beundertaken by several different contractors working in close proximity with oneanother requiring considerable coordination and cooperation among the interestedparties. The other contracts would include:

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(a) construction of Vadgam Saddle Dam, including the intake structuresfor ClPH;

(b) irrigation by-pass tunnels;

(c) rockfill dams and link channels for reregulation ponds (thesecontracts were awarded in 1980 and are scheduled for completionin 1985 - see para 4.16);

(d) civil works for the RBPH;

(e) civil works for the CPHR;

(f) supply and installation of the turbines, generators, andancillaries for the RBPX;

(g) supply and installation of turbines, generators, andancillaries for CAIPH;

(h) construction of switchyard civil works construction andinstallation of switchgear equipment; and

Xi) construction of power transmission lines.

4.32 Agreement has been reached with GOG that it would, carry out the plan-ning, design and construction of the project works located within its stateboundaries and the installation of project equipment including the tur-bine-generator units of the RBPH and CHEkE and the hydrometeorological network,in accordance with standards and criteria acceptable to the Bank.

4.33 SunRly of Construction Materials. Construction materials and goods,including cement, steel, explosives, petroleum, tires, and battery requirernmeew,have been estimated for the SS2 over the entire implementation period. Ofthese, the total SSP requirement for cement, over 7 X metric tons (mt), andsteel, 240,000 mt, would be the most difficult to meet because of the vastquantities and peak rates required. As shown in table 3, it has been estimatedthat cement would be used at a rate of 500,000 mt or more a year from 1987188through 1996/97, with a peak requirement of about 680,000 mat in 1989/90 for themain dam, pover facilities, and canal system. Similarly, steel would berequired at a rate exceeding 2U,000 mt a year from 1987/88 through 1991/92peaking at about 33,400 mt in 1989/90. At least half of the production from thenewly constructed 2,000 mt a day cement plant near Surat would be dedicated foruse of the Narmada project. Any additional requirements would come from loca-tions and sources normally available to the state that are posted near thecenter of construction as the project progresses across Gujarat. Establishmentof the Centralized Procurement Unit (para 6.1b) would provide the necessarylogistic mechanism for continuous evaluation and projection of the project'scritical material needs. Agreement has been reached with GOG that it wouldmaintain an adequate supply of materials including cement and steel needed tocarry out the construction works under the project.

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Land Acquisition and Resettlement 1

General

4.34 At HWL of 140.2 m and FRL of 138.7 m, the reservoir would inundate about41,000 and 37,000 ha of land, respectively, and require evacuation of some67,000 people (mostly tribal) in three states. Land acquisition and resettle-ment options have been appraised and implementation plans have been initiated.Data obtained at appraisal on the area and people affected in the various statesare summarized in the following table:

Gujarat Maharashtra MP Total

Area inundated (ha)(MWL)11,608 7,050 22,b82 41,000Villages 19 36 160 235Families 1,900 1,358 7,500 10,758 ZIOustees (displaced 10,593 11,747 45,000 67,340

persons)

4.35 In the main reservoir area, overall timing of the resettlement programmust be in advance of, but keyed to, the rise in water levels that would becontrolled by the elevation of construction at the main dam at the end of eachconstruction season. Scheduled yearly construction levels and the resultingnominal reservoir inundation areas are as follows:

Year 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88189 89/90 90191 91192 92/93

Elevation (m) lb 24 24 40 45 66 106 122 138.7Total area

(iOO ha) a/ +1 +1 +1 +2 +2 4 10 1l 37

/A The maximum area inundated corresponds with the FRL while total of41,000 ha would be innundated at flooa level (MWL).

The Tribunal Order

4.36 Land acquisition and rehabilitation principles of the NWDT are given inthe Tribunal Orders. Submergence can only take place when payments andrehabilitation activities are completed among the states. There are provisionsfor arbitration in case of disputes among states. The Tribunal orders aresummarized below:

jj For further details, refer to SDV, annex 1, ."Planning the Sardar SarovarProject.."

]/ The 14C's October 1984 report titled, "Sardar Sarovar Project:, Resettlementand Rehabilitation Programme, Supplementary Report" indicates that a totalof 11,850 families would be displaced, or an increase of about 10 over theestimate available at appraisal.

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(a) Land and Mrovertv acquisition. The states were ordered to acquire forthe project all private lands situated below FRL 138.7 m together withother pertinent private interests therein. In the area affected byfloodlift, between FRL 138.7 m and MWL 140.2 m, buildings with appur-tenant lands only would be acquired, with the understanding that thefloodlift would include the backwater effect above MWL 140.2 a. (TheMWL is measured at the dam.) The floodlift is to be worked out by theCentral Water Commission (CWC) of GOI. Gujarat is to pay to NIP andMaharashtra compensation for the acquisition of new lands, includingcharges and expenses incurred by them in the process. Furthermore, itis required to compensate the two states and GOI for government landsmade available by them for the purpose. Also, Gujarat has to pay to MPand Maharashtra land revenue in accordance with their respective landrevenue codes for all land made available or acquired, as well as com-pensation for the relocation of historical monuments, religious build-ings, etc., affected by the submergence. Lastly, Gujarat is to pay allcosts and expenses incurred for the rehabilitation of oustees and theirfamilies in the territories of HP and haharashtra.

(b) Rehabilitation. The NWDT gave detailed orders for rehabilitation ofoustees from the submergence area. The burden of rehabilitation fallson Gujarat as the builder of Sardar Sarovar Dam. It is reqLired tooffer lands for new villages for oustees in its own territory, togetherwith irrigated agricultural land, civic facilities, and grants tofamilies being resettled. Only if oustees do not wish to migrate toGujarat are IP and Maharashtra required to provide for land, facilities,and grants in their own territories, in which case Gujarat is to pay therespective states all costs and expenses arising from such resettlement,including that of land acquisition.

{c) Oustees. Every displaced family from whom more than 25% of its holdingshas been acquired would be allotted an irrigable plot of the same size,vith a minimum of 2 ha per family and a maximum as allowed by landceiling laws. Irrigation facilities have to be provided by the state inwhose territory the allotted land is situated. While oustees are com-pensated for the land they loose, they would be debited with the priceof the new land provided (to be mutually agreed among the party states).Only part of new land price is to be paid initially (50% of the compen-sation for lost land) and the rest to be paid off by the farmers over 20years. The proceeds of downpayment and installments would be creditedto Gujarat since Gujarat would have paid for its acquisition.

(d) Other. The NWDT further stipulated in detail the modalities and timeframe for exchange of information among the concerned states on theextent of submergence areas, village location, yearly programs ofrehabilitation, as well as for the various payments to be made. As amatter of principle, MP and Maharashtra retain all their rights ofsovereignty over their submerged territory, in particular the rights offishing and navigation on the reservoir as far as it is located in theirterritories.

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Additional Recuirements

4.37 The prime concern at appraisal with regard to oustees was ensuring thatall persons displaced, including the landless who are mostly tribal, regain atleast their previous standard of living after a reasonable transition period andthat, so far as possible, they be economically and socially integrated into thehost community. Therefore3 the NWDT's compensatory package would have to beexpanded to include the landless and other provisions necessary to ensure.ethatliving standards and conditions for all oustees would be equal to or better thanthose existing prior to displacement. Planning, financing and implementing ofthe resettlement would need to be an integral part of the project and measurestaken in this regard must be assured. During negotiations, GOI, GOG, Governmentof Maharashtra (GOM), and Government of NP (GOMP) and the Narmada ControlAuthority (NCA) provided the Bank with acceptable program*, plans and scheduledactions for land acquisition and rehabilitation and resettlement of SardarSarovar reservoir oustees. The resettlement and rehabilitation (R&R) programand plans consist of the following principal elements: jj

(a) an overall program of R&R of Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir ousteeswith time-bound schedules for resettlement of all affected villages andcosts thereof;

(b) detailed R&R plans for Stage I oustees where Stage I would include alloustees affected by reservoir submergence up to the contour elevation of350 feet (106.7 meters) including identification of villages and ousteesto be relocated, consideration of the oustee's preferences and specificlocations of resettlement sites and alternative sites along withtime-bound relocation schedules and related estimates;

Cc) a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system including semi-annualand annual resettlement reports which would be evaluated to provide anannually revised plan reflecting the previous year's progress and learn-ing experiences; and

(d) principles and objectives of RBR as contained in Schedule A, theinstitutional, monitoring and evaluation arrangements contained inSchedule X, and cost estimates which are summarized in table 14.

To give effect to R&R, GOI may be required to utilize land currently protectedby the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 which places a prohibition upon the useof reserved forest lands in each of the affected states thereby restricting thereasonable resettlement of displaced oustees from the project.s submergencearea. Reasonable encroachment of forest lands appears to be overwhelminglyjustified, under environmentally controlled conditions, by oustees who havehistorically obtained their livelihood from the forest and its products alongthe perimeter of the project's reservoir and who would in the future be ableto improve their livelihood through improved and/or expanded agro-forestrypursuits. Further, resettlement effects upon the reduction of forest vegetation

LJ Such R&R plans and estimates are provided in a report titled "Sardar SarovarProject, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Programme, Supplementary Report"dated October 1984 (maintained in the project files).

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would be minimal inasmuch as deforestation has, except for isolated pockets.already taken place within the reservoir,s immediate catchment.

Resettlement and Rebabilitation Agreements

4.3b With regard to the resettlement and rehabilitation of Sardar SarovarReservoir oustees the following agreements and conditions have been reached:

(a) that GOI would:

(i) take all actions necessary to release forest lands reserved by theForest (Conservation) Act, 1980, within the boundaries of the statesof Gujarat, NP and Haharashtra if required for the purpcse ofimplementing the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project including theresettlement and rehabilitation programs and plans;

(ii) with the assistance of NCA, carry out the overall monitoring andevaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation of the SardarSarovar dam and reservoir oustees within the boundaries of theparticipating states of Gujarat, MP and Maharashtra; and if

(iii) on June 1 of eacb year, commencing on June 1, 1986, and thereafteruntil June 1, 1995, furnish to the Bank semi-annual and annualreports, of such scope and detail as the Bank may reasonablyrequest, regarding the resettlement and rehabilitation of SardarSarovar Dam and.Reservoir oustees within the State boundaries ofGujarat, MP and Haharashtra.

(b) that GOG, GOMP and GOM would:

i) provide to NCA, as needed and in accordance with the cost-sharingprovisions of the NWDT decision, the funds, facilities, servicesand other resources required to enable PCA to assist GOI in carryingout the overall monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement andrehabilitation of the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir oustees; and

(ii) adopt and thereafter implement within their respective state bound-aries, a resettlement and rehabilitation plan for the Sardar SarovarDam and Reservoir oustees, satisfactory to the Bank, which wouldinclude the principles and objectives given in Schedule A and theinstitutional arrangements provided for in Schedule B.

Further, as a condition of effectiveness, a legal opinion on behalf of GOG, GOMPand GOM would be provided to the Bank indicating that all the necessary govern-mental actions have been taken for adopting and thereafter implementing a plansatisfactory to the Bank for resettlement and rehabilitation of all persons whowould be displaced (ouLtees) as a consequence of the project, in accordance withthe decisions of the the NWDT and with the principles, objectives and institu-tional, monitoring and evaluation requirements referred to in Schedules A and B.

iJ For participation of the ECA in the implementation of .he overall monitoringand evaluation of the R&R program, GOI would em;loy and thereafter assign toNCA a social scientist for such purposes (see paras 6.16 and 6.17).

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Environmental Effects

4.39 Characteristically the creation of a large man made lake results insignificant environmental changes in the adjacent area. The reservoir wouldinundate about 37,UOO ha at FRL of which 1b% is forested, 33% is cultivableland, and nearly 50% is waste or of low utilization potential. Submergencewould cause loss of forest and agricultural lands, cultural infrastructure and alimited loss of wildlife habitat. Effects on existing fisheries remain to beassessed. However, creation of a more positive ecocycle on the periphery ofthe reservoir may be expected in terms of improved soil moisture for nearbyforests and other biomass and improved wildlife habitat. Opportunities wouldbe created for improved local river transportation and freshwater fisheries.Below the dam, frequent low intensity flood damages would be controlled, butpotential for changes in the regime of the Narmada streambed would be increasedand the upward migration of existing fish species would be halted. Measureswould be taken through development of implementation programs to ensure thepreservation of land and enhancement of the environment.

4.40 The principal environmental activities would be as follows:

(a) Fish and fisheries. A work program including detailed schedules andbudgets for determining the environmental effects and proposedactions to mitigate adverse effects of the dam on the importantestuarine species (hilsa, prawn, and mullet) and the fisherypotential that would be created by the Sardar Sarovar Dam andReservoir. Proposed fish and fisheries studies and programsof the GOG, GOM and/or GOMP fisheries departments include:

Wi) effects of the Sardar Sarovar Dam construction and operationon the migration of fish, quality of water, suitability forspawning, and possible mitigating measures;

(ii) breeding experiments with hilsa species;

(iii) brackish water breeding measures needed to enhance propagation ofgiant shrimp and mullet;

(iv) effects of changes in water quality from reduced flowsover time on fisheries and on future water uses below the dam;

(v) technical fishing enhancement opportunities needed toprepare future reservoir stocking and propagation needsincluding administrative and organizational requirementsneeded to assure interstate coordination regardingfisheries, control measures such as stocking, productionand licensing;

(vi) special studies, e.g., potential for breeding large-headed I4aashur(Tortor) fish (one of the world's most important gamefish); and

(vii) other studies as the need develops.

(b) Forest and wildlife. A work program including detailed schedules andbudget for assessing the forest areas and wildlife that would beeffected by the reservoir and designing and implementing measures for

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its protection and for determining the effects of intensified bioticpressure on the remaining forest areas.

(c) Public health. A work program including detailed schedules and budgetsfor assessing the risks and monitoring of the three principal diseases(malaria, schistosomiasis, and filaria) that may be augmented by crea-tion of the reservoir and designing and implementing measures to reducetheir proliferation. Of these diseases, malaria occurs sporadicallyover the entire region, but at a generally low level, schistosomiasiswas thought to have potential in a few isolated static foci in India,but additional detailed analyses concerning its occurrence would berequired, and filaria has been reported close to the proposed damsite,but of the three diseases, the latter is least likely to spread. Also,migrant construction workers may bring a variety of health relatedproblems. Thus, the environmental public health program aspects mustinclude a specific action plan for dealing with these principal diseasesthat may be related to the proposed site activities during and afterimplementation. Agreements would be sought with GOG, GOMP and GOM thatthey would, within their state boundaries, take all necessary measuresnecessary to minimize the risk of malaria, filaria, schistosomiasis andother water-related diseases that may result from implementation of theproject.

4.41 No basic organizational changes, either at state or central governmentlevels, would be required, and all proposed studies and implementation programscan be undertaken within existing organizational frameworks. Agreement has beenreached with GOG, GOIiP, and GOM that they would, in collaboration with oneanother furnish to the Bank for its approval, by December 31, 1985, a work planfor the environmental effects anticipated regarding implementation of the SSPwhich would include suitable training programs for responsible staff of thethree participating States, including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision offunds and studies and implementation therefor, covering fish and fisheries,forest and wildlife, and public health aspects and, thereafter, the participat-ing states should implement the approved work plan and training programs.

Land and Rights

4.42 Agreements have been reached with GOG, GOhP and GOM, that they wouldacquire all lands and rights needed for carrying out the project and furnish theBank promptly with satisfactory evidence that all necessary land and rightswould be available in timely fashion for purposes of implementing the project.

4.43 In addition, agreement has been reached with GOG that it would carry outthe project in conformity with appropriate administrative, financial, engineer-ing, agricultural, environmental, sociological practices, including those por-tions of the power transmission line interties, hydrometeorological network andresettlement and rehabilitation components including evaluation and monitoringactivities that lie within its state boundaries, and provide the required funds,facilities, staffing, services, and other resources.

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V. COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING

Proiect CQst Estimates

5.01 The estimated cost for the ten components of the dam andpower-related project over a 110-month implementation period would totalUS41934 X, including physical and price contingencies. This amount includesa foreign exchange costs of about US4613 N or 32% of the total cost and aboutUS$260 M or 13X for taxes and duties. The basic cost estimates were preparedby GOG engineers and their consultants, with assistance from the CWC and CEAof the GOI. Tbe estimates were revieved during appraisal. In addition,construction-type cost estimates of Sardar Sarovar Dam were prepared by SMECduring appraisal. Detailed cost estimates are given in tables 5 through 17and are summarized below:

Proiect Cost Sumrmar

X Z TotalForeign Base

Components Local Foreign Total Local Foreign Total Exchange Costs-- (Rs million) - ---- (US million)

1. Main dam 3,790.2 1,679.0 5,469.2 315.8 139.9 455.8 31 372. Rockfill dams

& link chAnnels 92.2 17.2 109.4 7.7 1.4 9.1 16 13. Riverbed

powerhouse al 2,726.3 2,426.2 5,152.4 227.2 202.2 429.4 47 354. Garudeshwar weir 352.4 149.4 b51.8 29.4 12.5 41.8 30 35. Canalhead

powerhouse 884.3 175.9 1,060.2 73.7 14.7 88.3 17 76. Transmission 142.4 85.0 227.4 11.9 7.1 18.9 37 2

system7. Vadgam saddle dam

& by-pass tunnel 196.3 60.8 257.1 16.4 5.1 21.4 24 2b. Hydrometeo-

rologicalnetwork 142.0 33.5 175.5 11.8 2.8 14.6 19 1

9. Training & techncalassistance 5.9 23.7 29.6 0.5 2.0 2.5 80 0

1O.Land acquisition &rehabilitation 1,680.8 - 1.680.8 140.1 - 140.1 - 1 1Total baselinecosts 1i 10,012.7 4,650.6 14,663.4 834.4 387.6 1,221.9 32 100

Physical cont. 947.0 398.5 1,345.5 78.9 33.2 112.1 30 9Price cont. 4.885.1 2.307.9 7.192.9 407.1 192.3 599.4 32Total project

costs 15,844.8 7,357.0 23,201.8 1,320.4 613.1 1,933.5 32 158

a/ Includes Rs 3670 M (US$306 M) worth of power generating equipment of whichan estimated Rs 1975 M (US$165 M) would be subject to foreign exchange (para 5.07).

b/ In November 1984 prices.

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5.02 Physical contingencies were estimated separately for eacb componentand total approximately US$112 H or 9% of the total baseline cost. Physicalcontingency rates are given by item for each of the ten project components ondetailed cost tables 5-17. Price contingencies account for approximately 31Xof the total project cost and are based on local rates of 8.5Z from 1984-85through 1990/91 and 6% in 1991/92 and thereafter; and foreign rates of 9.751in 1984-85, 8.75% in 1985-86, 71 in 1986-87, and 62 thereafter.

Oneration and Maintenance (O&N) Costs

5.03 The estimated buildup of recurrent 0&M costs for the Saraar SarovarDam and power complex are presented in table 18. Annual 06H costs ofUSS9.67 M (Rs 116.0 M)are estimated at a rate of 0.5% of investment costsfollowing commissioning of all turbine-generator sets in 1994 (see figure 2).

Cost Sharin'

5.04 The cost of the project would be shared among the four beneficiarystates as directed by the NWDT. The cost of constructing the power com-ponents would be shared in the following proportions: 161 - Gujarat; 571 -MP; and 27% - Maharashtra. The irrigation component costs are to be sharedat ratios of 18/19 by Gujarat and 1/19 by Rajasthan.

5.05 The allocation of costs between power and irrigation for nine of theten components in the project are:

Allocation of costsComDonent Power Irrijgtion

1. Main dam 56.1 43.92. Rockfill dames + link channels 50.0 50.03. RBPH 100.0 00.04. Garudeshwar Weir 100.0 00.05. CUPH 100.0 00.06. Transmission system 100.0 00.07a. Vadgam Saddle Dam 56.1 43.97b. Irrigation bypass tunnel 00.0 100.08. Training & Tech Assistance 56.1 43.99. Land Acquisition & Rehab. "6.1 43.9

The cost for the hydrometeorological network would be shared equally amongthe four states.

5.06 The total cost of USM1,934 M would be shared approximately as fol-lows: Gujarat - US$659 H or 34.1%; MP - US$843 H or 43.6X; Maharashtra -US$402 M or 20.8X; and Rajasthan - US$29 H or 1.5%. Details are shown intable 19.

FinancinR

5.07 The project would be assisted by an IBRD loan/IDA credit and commer-cial co-financing would be encouraged by requesting, as part of bidding (ICB)procedures, suppliers' credits to cover a portion of the foreign exchangecost of the power generating equipment in the RBPh. The financing plan for

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the proposed project costing US41674 M, net of taxes and duties, is as fol-lows:

USS million

GOI and the states 1374.0 1JIBRD loan 200.0IDA credit 100.0

Total 1674.0

The proposed IBRD loan/IDA credit of US43U0 X would finance about 49% of theproject's foreign exchange cost of US4613 M or about lb% of the total projectcost, net of taxes and duties. The four states would finance the contribu-tion of USb1374 M from their development budgets. Also, the states' finan-cial positions would be enhanced to the extent that suppliers credits aremade available for the large electro-mechanical equipment of the RBPH. !lThe IDA credit would be made to GOI on standard terms. The IBRD loan wouldbe for 20 years, including five years of grace, at the prevailing interestrate.

5.Ub GOI would make the proceeds of the loan/crecit available to eachstate in proportion to its contribution to project costs as part of Centralassistance to state development projects on terms and conditions applicableat the time. For Rajasthan and Maharashtra, financing their contributions tothe SSP should not pose difficulties due to their relatively low financingshares as proportions both of total project costs, and of their overallinvestment programs in irrigation and power. For both Gujarat and MadhyaPradesh, however, Narmada Basin investment would absorb considerable financ-ing resources and could place strains on their irrigation and power budgets.

5.09 Prospective investment programs in irrigation and, for Madhya Pradeshin power, for the Seventh Plan period (l185/b6-1989I90) have been analyzed toensure that Narmada investments can be accommodated without undue displace-ment of investments in other sectors or critical operation and maintenanceexpenditures in each state. Total contributions from Gujarat to the SSP andthe upcoming Narmada Sagar Project in MP are expected to absorb about 65% ofGujarat's irrigation budget over the Seventh Plan period. For MadhyaPradesh, wvhich will finance these investments from its irrigation and powerbudgets, the total comittments to ongoing projects and planned outlays toSSP and the Narmada Sagar dam and reservoir complex is expected to be about80X of such budgets.

5.10 Since each state, under the Seventh Plan, has stated its intention ofaccording the highest priority to Narmada investments and have indicated thatnew investments outside the harmada basin would be lim-.-ed during thisperiod, Narmada investments are expected to be supportable under each state'sPlan. Moreover, since 1larmada investments are interstate projects of con-siderable national importance, GOI has indicated that it would, if necessary,

ii Including suppliers credits of up to USi135 M or an estimated 85Z of theforeign exchange cost (see the Project Cost Summary, para 5.01).

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be prepared to adopt special measures to ensure that sufficient funds areavailable to COG and GOMP to ensure timely completion of the investments.Assurances have been obtained that GOI would provide all funds necessarypromptly, as and when needed, to complete the project.

5.11 In view of the above, GOI would be the borrower and an agreement hasbeen reached with GOI that it would make the proceeds of the IBRD loan and/orIDA credit available to GOG, GOU's &nd GOM in accordance with its standardarrangenents for development assistance to states and the cost sharing provi-sions of the NWDT decision 11, an aggregate amount equivalent toUS*299.8 M. 2.

5.12 Agreements have been reached with GOI that i would:

(a) cause GOG, GO1P, and GOh to implement the project in accordance withtheir respective obligations including provision of the requiredfunds, facilities, services and other resources; and

(b) cause GOR to perform its obligations regarding implementation of theproject as provided for in the NWDT decision.

In addition, agreements have been reached with GOMP and GOM that they wouldassist the GOG in implementing the project including the provision of funds,facilities, services and other resources as needed and in accordance with thecost-sharing provisions of the NWDT decision.

5.13 Because of the close physical, social and economic inter-relationshipsand synchronized implementation schedule between this project and the "WaterDelivery and Drainage Project." (SAR No. 5102-IN) and the dependency of theproposed IBRD loan and IDA credit, one upon the other, in achieving thepurposes of both projects under the Narmada River Development - Gujarat,agreements have been reached with GOI that the effectiveness of:

(a) the IBRD loan and/or IDA credit for the Sardar Sarovar Dam and PowerProject would be dependent upon the concurrent effectiveness of theIDA credit for Water Delivery and Drainage Project; and

(b) the IDA credit for the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Jroject would be depen-dent upon the effectiveness of the IBRD loan agreement for the same project.

f The parts of the credit/loan allocated to partially cover the cost ofthe power component would be distributed at 57% for Mp, 16% for Gujarat,and 27% for Maharashtra.

2.1 The amount of USY299.8 M shown results from a reduction of the total IBRDloan and IDA credit by an amount of US420U,0U0 which is the estimatedamount required by GOI for employing over a 10-year period, a seniorsocial scientist for the purpose of assisting NCA in the overall monitor-ing and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation program.

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Procurement

5.14 The work contracts under the project would cost approximatelyUS$503 X, excluding price and physical contingencies. Five of the contractswould cost approximately US4498 h (or 99X of the total) and would be letthrough international competitive bidding (ICB). Four other work contracts,(approximately US*4 h in total) have been scheduled; however, because oftheir small size, they would not be of interest to foreign bidders and wouldbe let through local competitive bidding (LCB). Procurement schedules,figures 5 and 6, give detailed projections on how ax.d when the nine scheduledworks would be put to bid, started, and completed, and are summarized in thetable below:

Procurement Method TotalProject Element ICB LCB Other Cost

-(USA M)--1. Works

Main dam 425.00 425.00Instruments, furnish & l.UO 1.00install in dam

Irrigation, by-pass tunnel 10.00 10.00Pumps, furnish & install .06 .06Elevators, fabricate & install .20 .20Gates, other than crest 10.UD 10.UOCrest gates ' 12.00 12.00Penstocks - 1.70 1.70Riverbed powerhouse,tunnelling - 41.50 41.50

Hydrometeorological network 1.50 1.50Sub-total 498.50 4.46 502.96

2. GoodsInstruments, hydro-meteorological network 15.45 15.45

Steel for penstocks 3.90 3.90Sub-total 19.35 19.35

3. Training & Technical Assistance 3.43 3.43

Total 517.85 4.46 3.43 525.74

Total in percent 98 1 1 100

w Fabricate and deliver to the site (see figure 5).Underground civil works.

5.15 Work contracts in excess of US*6 M would be let in accordance withBank-approved ICB procedures. The five works that fall in this category are:

(a) construction of main dam, estimated cost US4425 h;

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(b) fabrication and delivery of all gates except radial crest gates,estimated cost US*10 M;

(c) fabrication and delivery of radial crest gates, estimated cost US412 K;

(d) construction of the irrigation by-pass tunnels, estimated cost USS1O M; and

(e) civil works for underground RBPR, estimated cost US%41.5 M.

The above five works would include prequalification of contractors. Indiancontractors would be given a 7.5% preference in comparing bids awarded underICB procedures.

5.16 The remaining works contracts to be disbursed against under theproject are the minor contracts for implementing the hydrometeorologicalnetwork which would include installation of the required equipment. Theseminor works would be scattered over the entire Narmada River basin.Individual contracts would not exceed US4100,000, and the total of all con-tracts would cost less than US41.5 M. These works would not be of interestto foreign firms and would be carried out under LCB procedures acceptable tothe Bank. All works contracts in excess of USA1 1i would be subject to fullpre-action review by the Bank. All other works contracts would be subject tothe Bank's post-action review.

5.17 Project procurement is well in hand. Procurement action has beeninitiated on two of the major contracts representing about 94% of the workscontracts included in the project for which designs essentially have beencompleted. Prequalification has been completed on the main dam. Bids forthe main dam were invited from prequalified firms in December 1984 and arescheduled to be opened in March 1985. Prequalification information wasreceived from firms willing to bid on constructing the underground RBPH inDecember 1983. Bids for constructing the RBPIi are expected to be solicitedin February 1985 and would be due in May 1985 (see also para 4.30).

5.18 One contract for the supply of steel would cost approximatelyUS$3.9 M, excluding price contingencies. That contract would be to procurethe special steel for the RBPiL penstocks and would be procured through ICBprocedures. An estimated U5S15.5 M, excluding price contingencies, worthof instruments required for the hydrometeorological network would also beprocured through ICB procedures. The normal 15% preference or applicableimport duties, whichever is lower, would be allowea local suppliers in bidevaluations on all ICB. Goods packages under USMlO0,000 would be awardedthrough LCB procedures with the exception of the miscellaneous equipmentincluding audio-visual and other special goods which would be provided underthe training program. Local shopping, requiring a minimum of three quota-tions, would be utilized to procure the training equipment estimated to costless than USA30,U0O in total. All goods procurements in excess of US$100,000would be subject to full pre-action review by the Bank. All other procure-ments would be subject to the Bank's post-action review.

Disbursements

5.19 Disbursements would be made only against the expenses that areincurred on the main dam, the hydrometeorological network, the civil works

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contracts for tunnelling and concreting in the RBPH, irrigation by-passtunnel, and training and technical assistance. The main dam component wouldcost approximately US4739 M, the hydrometeorological network componentapproximately USb21 M, and the civil works in the RBPH approximatelyUSS117 N, the irrigation by-pass tunnel US417 M and training and technicalassistance US$3.4 M, for a total of US*897 H. About US547 M would be forengineering and administration, and US437 N for taxes and duties, leavingabout US4813 H eligible for disbursements. Disbursements for the hydrometcomponent would be made for lUO% of foreign expenditures for directlyimported goods; 100% of the ex-factory price or 70% of expenditures forequipment procured locally and 70% of expenditures for civil works; and luOZof training expenditures and technical assistance. Civil works for all othercomponents would be disbursed at 45% in FY 1985-90 and at 15% from FY 1990thrcugh EY 1995. No disbursements will be made for works constructed bygovernment forces. Disbursements for payments of less than Rs 300,000(US$27,300) for works, or Rs 150,000 (US$13,600) for goods, and for thetraining would be made against certificates of expenditures. Documentationfor these expenditures would be retained by GOG and made available forinspection by the Bank. Full documentation would be required for all otherdisbursements. The estimated schedule of expenditures is given in table 17by project component. It is expected that disbursements would be completedby June 1994, however, in order to match disbursements with the project' sfinancial requirements, disbursements would be accelerated during the firstfive years with the goal of disbursing up to BO% of the funds by the end ofFY 1990. The estimated schedule of disbursements is given in table 20. Nodisbursement profiles were applicable for projects of this duration in which80% of the funds would be disbursed in the first five years. The proposedallocation of proceeds of the loan/credit is presented in table 21. Certifi-cates of expenditures would be audited annually, and the audited statementswould be submitted to the Bank once a year along with the audited accounts.

Project Accounts and Audits

5.20 Agreements have been reached with GOG, GUMP and GON that they would,with respect to those parts of the project which are to be carried out byeach state, maintain separate records and accounts for project expenditures;ensure that such project accounts are audited annually and that copies ofsuch accounts, certified as to their accuracy by an independent auditoracceptable to the Bank, are submitted to the Bank not later than nine monthsafter the end of each fiscal year; have final audits prepared for projectaccounts for each fiscal year by an auditor acceptable to the Bank and for-ward such audit reports to the Bank immediately after their finalization; andmake complete accounts and financial statements available for inspectionduring Bank review missions.

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VI. QRGANIZATIOh AI4D MANAGEMENT /

General

6.01 The Narmada Development Department (NDD) of GOG has primary respon-sibility for planning, design, implementation, and operation and maintenance ofthe SSP. However, because of the interstate nature of the project, a number ofcoordinating institutions have been established in accordance with the rulingsof the NWDT. Also, several GOI organizations have played an active role inassisting project planning and design, usually on a consultancy basis. TheCentral Water Commission is responsible for reviewing GOG designs for compliancewith Indian standards and CEA exercises approval authority over planning andengineering aspects of hydroelectric projects. The organization and managementaspects discussed below relate principally to the dam and hydropower componentsof SSi'.

6.02 Power Sector Institutions. Under the Indian Constitution, the respon-sibility for supplying power is shared between the central government and thestate governments, and full agreement between the center and the states isrequired for the implementation of most actions. Various agencies have beenestablished with a view to promoting integrated power development in thecountry. The principal agencies in the sector are: the State ElectricityBoards (SEBs), the Regional Electricity Boards (REBs), the CEA, the two centralpower corporations--the National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) and theNational Hydro-Electric Power Corporation (NHEPC)-and the Rural ElectrificationCorporation (REC).

Interstate Agencies

6.03 Narmada Control Authority (NCA). This authority was established toensure compliance with the decisions of the IiWDT. It consists of seven highranking engineers as members and a supporting staff. The four party states eachappoint one member, and GOI appoints, in consultation with the states, theremaining three, one of whom serves as chairman. The INCA would participate withGOG, GOIP and GOh in the implementation and, thereafter, play a ke> role in theoperation of the hydrometeorological network for flood warning and day-to-dayoperation of the Sardar Sarovar Dam ana Reservoir and, through GOT, in themonitoring and evaluating the resettlement and rehabilitation of reservoiroustees. It would also play a key part in coordinating seasonal and monthly(10-day) water allocations between SSP and other major irrigation and powerprojects in the basin. The NCA is modeled after the Bakhra l'anagement Board,which has been successful in guiding the irrigation and pcwer operations of theIndus Basin in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, anaRajasthan.

6.04 Sardar Sarovar Construction Advisory Committee (CAC). This committeewas formed by the NWDT to review and make recommendations concerning the plan-ning, design, and construction of the dam and power complex. It is chaired by

Portions of this chapter are identical to comparable paragraphs of SAR, No.5108-IN, chapter VII.

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the Secretary of Irrigation, GOI, and has, among others, the Chairmen of CWC andCEA and senior representatives of the states as members. It is activelyinvolved in reviewing and making recommendations concerning designs, costestimates, contracts and implementation progress.

6.05 Narmada Review Committee (NRC). This committee was formed by NWDT andis chaired by the Union Minister of Irrigation and includes the concerned ChiefMinisters of each state as members. It has the right to review and suspend anydecisions by the NCA.

6.06 An agreement has been reached with GOI, GOG, GOMP and GOM that theywould maintain the NCA, CAC and *RC each with the functions, responsibilities,staffing funds and membership as may be required to carry out their respectiveduties.

Guiarat State Agencies

6.07 Irri2ation. The GOG irrigation organization has recently been sub-divided into two majoI anits to meet the special requirements of implementingthe SSP. There is now:

(a) a harmada Development Department (NDD) headed by an Additional ChiefSecretary which is responsible for implementation of the entire SSP; and

(b) an Irrigation Department (ID) headed by a Secretary with responsibilityfor all irrigation development and the O&M of all public irrigationsystems outside the SSF.

Each of the two departments would maintain similar staff positions and respon-sibilities and would require a similar pool of technical and professionaltalent.

6.08 Narmada Development DeDartment. The NDD would be the main implementingbody for the SSP. In order to meet the challenge of this large and technicallycomplex project, the NDD would have to be strengthened and provided with thenecessary authorities. It would have to improve the management skills of itssenior staff and to make greater use of private sector consultancies. Organiza-tional pyramids of staff are provided under chief engineers who presently reportdirectly to the Additional Chief Secretary. In the SSP four chief engineershave been assigned planning, design, and construction responsibilities coveringthe following elements of the project: main dam complex except hydropowercomponents; hydropower components; main canal; and, branch canals, distributionand drainage networks Another chief engineer level position with functionalresponsibility for quality control is anticipated. Existing staff strength inthe NDD acd in the ID are shown in the following table:

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Existint Strenath of Irri2ation Engineerin2 Staff

Enzineerinx Position NDD ID NDD + ID(no.) (no.) (no.)

Chief 3 a/ 7 10Superintending and officers onspecial duty 18 39 57

Executive 73 b/ 219 292Deputy Executive 307 1109 1416Assistant and additionalassistants 969 4772 5741Total 1370 6146 7516

aJ As of August 1983 - thereafter one additional chief engineer,hydropower, was appointed under NDD.

)J The NDD has a total of 42 divisions each headed by an executive engineerunder each of which there are usually five subdivisions now totalling 210.

6.09 It is anticipated that significant changes in organizational units andstaffing of the NDD would be made over the entire SSP implementation periodconsistent with the buildup of activities under the respective chief engineers,including the formation and expansion of new units such as those required forcentralized procurement, information management systems, resettlement andrehabilitation implementation and its evaluation and monitoring, layout anddesign of command area development blocks and operation and maintenance. GOG'sestimate of technical/engineering staff anticipates a need for SSP implementa-tion of a peak requirement of about 230 senior level and 6400 junior levelengineers in about 1989. It is believed that external recruitment needs can befilled, for the most part, from anticipated graduates of state engineeringinstitutions and supplemented, if necessary, through external recruitment.Implementation would be supported by appointment of command area developmentpersonnel, including senior and junior level agricultural officers for which itis estimated that about 1,80U would be required in the late 1990s. Comprehen-sive training will be required in connection with NDD recruitment and technicalneeds to be fulfilled partially by training provisions outlined in paras6.14-6.15 and training of Gujarat's engineers provided through experience gainedin the design and implementation of the Gujarat Medium Irrigation II Project(Cr. 1496-IN).

6.10 Narmada Righ Power Committee (NHPC). This committee is responsible forcoordination and timely interaction between various GOG departments. Its mostimportant role, so far, has been to provide guidance on policy issues related tothe development. The IHBPC is chaired by the Chief Minister and includes theMinisters of Finance, Irrigation, Power, and Agriculture among its members.

6.11 Narmada Planning Group (NPG). The group (para 2.03) reports directlyto the NHPC and is responsible for the major planning studies and for continuouscoordination of the activities of the implementing agencies. It is chaired bythe Irrigation Minister. The NPG has extensively and successfully used localconsulting firms for planning studies. The group continues to follow a workplan of studies and investigations that have been discussed with the Bank. Apriority listing of work plan items as they relate to the dam and power projectis presented in table 22.

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6.12 An agreement has been reached with GOG that it would maintain the fol-lowing agencies with the powers, functions, responsibilities, membership, staff-ing, organization and funds required to enable them to adequately undertaketheir responsibilities:

(a) the I1 HPC for the coordination and timely interaction among the variousdepartments and agencies of the GOG responsible for carrying out theproject; and

(b) the 1PG for carrying out planning studies of the Narmada River Develop-ment program including those required to develop a plan for the opera-tion and maintenance of the hydroeletctric power and water delivery anddrainage facilities under the SSP.

6.13 Other Guiarat A2encies. Because of the magnitude of the project andits statewide importance, a number of other GOG departmental agencies have been,and would continue to be, involved in planning and implementing the project.These include departments of Finance, Agriculture, Forestry, Public Works,Transportation, and Communications, the Water Supply and Sewerage Board, and theState Electricity Board.

Training

6.14 It would be required that GOG, GOMP, GOM, and GOI (in support of inter-state programs as needed) establish training programs, subject to Bank approval,for the following dam and power project activities: (a) environmental studiesand mitigative measures; (b) project operation and maintenance; and (c)rehabilitation and resettlement. The above training initiatives would be sup-ported by an allocation of USS700,bUO within the proposed IDA credit and IERDloan over the 10-year period until closing in accordance with estimated dis-tribution of costs given in table 13. The project training allocation wouldfinance costs of expatriate fees, travel and instruction in India, travel andexpenses of project technical and administrative staff abroad, acquisition ofup-to-date training equipment such as audiovisual or other special equipmentrequired to accomplish specific training tasks; and, to initiate O&M trainingwith respect to the dam, reservoir, and power components. The training program,when aproved would include, but not be limited to, principal elements asdescribed below:

(a) Environment. Training in environmental science j/ would be requiredunder the following headings:

(i) Refresher courses for experienced specialists responsiblefor project implementation;

(ii) Special environmental and related social impact training foryounger starf; and

jj Environmental training for the dam and power project would be coordinatedwith similar training funded under the Water Delivery and Drainage Project(SAR, No. 5108-IN).

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(iii) Seminars to share intra and interstate and internationalexperiences about environmental and related social effects oflarge reservoir and irrigation projects.

(b) Operations & Maintenance training. O&H training, instruction, andcourses would be required (principally of GOG staff and, to the extentneeded, of GOI, GOMP, and GOM staff) preparatory to operation and main-tenance of dam and power complex facilities and the proposedhydrometeorological (flood warning) system. Training would be coor-dinated with the plans, schedules, and budgets to be developed by theNPG including the proposed O&M training facility for the Water Deliveryand Drainage Project (SAR, No. 5108-IN, para 7.14). All training underthis component would be completed pricr to and in accordance withimplementation of the dam and power complex construction (figures 2 and4). The principal purposes would be:

(i) staff orientation and training for initial O&M assignments includ-ing start-up;

(ii) instruction in operations of all facilities, techniques of mainten-ance, administrative and fiscal matters, and personnel management;

(iii) power marketing and dispatching; and

(iv) operation and maintenance of large rotating electromechanicalequipment, related accessory equipment, transmission facilities,and of the dam, including large radial gates, high pressure gatesand valves of outlet facilities, control equipment, and othermechanical equipment.

(c) Rehabilitation and Resettlement Training. The re;.abilitation and reset-tlement institutions responsible for monitoring and evaluation describedin Schedule B for each of the respective states would, by allowing forits use by the responsible state agencies, by the end of March 1985,develop suitable training programs designed to better familiarizeproject staff with the compulsory relocation problems of oustee com-munities and the related implications upon the implementation of theresettlement and rehabilitation plan.

6.15 Agre"nent has been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would, incollaboration one with another, furnish to the Bank for its approval:

(a) by December 31, 1985, a suitable training program of resettlement andrehabilitation of the oustees for the responsible staff of GOG, GOMP andGOM including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision of funds; and

(b) by June 30, I9b9, a suitable training program of operation and main-tenance of the facilities under the SSP including plans, schedules,syllabi and provision of funds; and

Thereafter, the participating states should implement the above trainingprograms as approved. Provision of training in the environmental sciences istaken in to account in the agreement with GOG, GOMP and GOM to prepare andfurnish an environmental work plan to the Bank for approval by December 31, 1985(see para 4.41).

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Technical Assistance

6,16 Due to the unusual magnitude, complexity and high level of technicalstandards required for the project, it is essential that the project staff beable to utilize foreign and local technical experts and consultants duringimplementation. Technical assistance would be provided for the:

(a) overall project design, construction and quality control includingcomputer based data and management and information systems;

(b) design and construction of the underground RBPB including controlledblasting and installation of rock support systems;

(c) operation and maintenance of dams, spillvays and related equipment,hydroelectric power plants and power supply systems;

(d) carrying out of the establishment, operation and maintenauce of theNarmada Basin's hydrometeorological network including the required civilworks;

(e) monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation of thereservoir oustees; and

(f) establishing and maintaining the Dam Safety Panel.

The technical assistance requirements for (a) through (f) above would be sup-ported by an allocation of US$2,700,000 within the proposed IDA credit and IBRDloan over the 10-year implementation period in accordance with estimated dis-tribution of costs given in table 1B. The technical assistance allocation wouldfinance the DSP meetings and the hiring of individual experts including the costof foreign and local expert fees, travel and related expenses outside and/orwithin India in the accomplishment of their assigned duties. Local consultantswould be used vhen and as available.

6.17 It is estimated that the required level of technical assistance wouldinclude about 312 man months of assistance costing, with inflation over theimplementation period, an average of US$8,600 per man month. It would be essen-tial to establish and maintain the DSP for review-ng the project features andmaking related technical recommendations and to constitute a list of consultautswhose talents could be tapped by NDD, on an as needed basis, to examine and makerecommendations to NDD concerning technical solutions to issues that mightarise. Such requirements, and the agreements reached in this regard, are fur-ther described in para 4.22. Further, agreements have been reached with GOGthat it would employ consultants and/or experts whose qualifications, experienceand terms and conditions of employment shall be satisfactory to the Bank, to beselected in accordance with the Bank's August 1981 guidelines for the use ofconsultants 1/ f.-r carrying out:

1J "Guidelines for the Use of Consultants by World Bank Borrowers and by theWorld Bank as Executing Agency, August 1981."

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(a) within its state boundaries, the overall project design, constructionand quality control including computer based data management and infor-mation systems, the design and construction of underground works includ-ing controlled blasting and installation of rock support systems, andthe operation and maintenance of the dams, spillways and related equip-ment and hydropower plants and power supply systems; and

(b) in coordination with GOiP and GUM, the establishment, operation andmaintenance of a hydrometeorological network for flood warning and theday-to-day operation of the SSP.

Agreement also has been reached with GOM and GOMP thbt they would employ, incoordination one with another and with GOG, for implementation of thehydrometeorological network within their respective state boundaries, consult-ants and/or experts whose qualifications, experience and terms and conditionsvould be satisfactory to the Bank and would be selected in accordance withprinciples and procedures of the Bank's August 1981 guidelines for the use ofconsultants. j/ Also, it has been agreed with GOI that it would by September 30,1985, employ or cause to be employed and thereafter assign to NCA a socialscientist with qualifications, experience and terms and conditions of employmentsatisfactory to the Bank and in accordance with its August 1981 guidelines forthe use of consultants. jj This would allow NCA to carry out the overallmonitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation plan therebyproviding a coordinated plan each year that would be adjusted for and responsiveto the previous year's experiences and to assist the GOI in its obligations tofurnish the Bank semi-annual and annual reports regarding the settlement andrehabilitation of the Sardar Sarovar Reservoir oustees. A senior social scien-tist working full time over a projected ten-year period or, a total of 120man-months at an estimated rate (including inflatiou) of Rs 1b,300 (US41,b70)per man month is the basis for the allocation of USS200,000 which has been madeunder the proposed IDA credit for this purpose within the total allocation fortechnical assistance for the project of USS2,700,000.

Centralized Procurement Unit (CPU)

6.18 To perform the procurement tasks necessary for implementation, the NDDhas taken steps to centralize the procurement responsibilities in one organiza-tional unit that would be responsible for the procurement of all goods, works,and services for the entire scheme and would report directly to the AdditionalChief Secretary of NDD. The National Thermal Power Corporation's procurementorganization has been selected as a model. 'the organization would maintain thefinancial, commercial, legal, and engineering talents needed to manage procure-ment activities and would, in coordination with the engineering units of theproject, determine the source, arrive at a price, and prepare the contracts forall works, goods, and services. Therefore, agreement has been reached with GOGthat it would maintain within the NDD a CPU, headed by a qualified andexperienced officer, with such powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing,organization and funds as would be required to undertake the procurement of allgoods and services required for the implementation of the SSP.

iJ 'Guidelines for the Use cf Consultants by World Bank Borrowers and by theWorld Bank as Executing Agency, August 1981.:'

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Evaluation and Monitorinf

6.19 In order to adequately provide monitoring control and evaluationcapabilities to manage the SSP, the NDD has taken steps to establish a Manage-ment Information Systems Cell (MISC) with adequate computer facilities. TheMISC would produce data to control, plan, monitor, and forecast financial,material, and staff requirements for implementation. The MISC would be respon-sible for preparation of progress reports. It would subsequently monitoragricultural progress following initiation of project 06M. There is no Indianmodel to use as a guide in establishing the MISC. GOG is therefore using con-sultants to define the organization and to specify equipment and staff. TataConsultancy Services, Bombay has been commissioned to design and implement theMISC and work began in October 1983. An agreement has been reached with GOGthat it would establish, not later than December 31, 1lb5, and thereafter main-tain within the NDD, a MISC to be headed by a qualified and experienced officerand provide it with such powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing,organization and funds as would be required for monitoring, control and evalua-tion of the various activities under the SSY.

Reportium

6.20 Agreement has been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would fur-nish to the Bank semi-annual and annual progress reports within three monthsafter the end of each reporting period, of such scope and detail as mayreasonably be requested by the Bank regarding implementation of the parts of theproject for which each state is responsible within its respective boundaries(including power transmission intertie lines, hydrometeorological network,resettlement and rehabilitation program and overall project monitoring andevaluation). Progress reports would among other aspects: compare planned andactual accomplishment in physical and financial terms; describe deviations fromplans and explanations therefore; and provide implementation schedules andupdates as required. Agreements also have been reached that GOG, GOMP and GOMwould furnish to the Bank within six months after project completion, a reportof such scope and detail as may reasonably be requested by the Bank regRrdingproject components for which each state is responsible within its respectiveboundaries regarding execution and initial operations, and costs, expendituresand benefits to be derived.

Project Operation and Maintenance

6.21 The NDD would become the operation and maintenance (OM) organizationresponsible for operation and maintenance of the SSY. lhus, it would be neces-sary for the kDD to shift its emphasis from construction to operation and main-tenance in step with the completion of the project works. The mechanism forthis change overtime and the operation and maintenance organization to followwould need to be defined, agreed and put into service in a timely manner. TheSSP's conveyance, distribution and drainage systems design principles and con-cepts, multipurpose water allocation criteria, services to farmers, operationconcepts, the OEM organization formulation including scope and responsibilities,and O&KM facilities requirements are discussed in detail in SAR 50b-IN, WaterDelivery and Drainage Project. The overall structure of SSP's 0&M organizationis proposed in figure 7. The full organization with requisite responsibilitiesand staff is not yet fixed inasmuch as it is likely that its administrative andorganizational requirements would change over time prior to the establishment ofa permanent OLM organization. The magnitude of the undertakings and

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capabilities required of the sinal 0&H organization would need to be as thoroughin scope and details as the organization and staff arrangements required tocarry out the project's planning, design and implementation stages.

6.22 The kDD has assigned responsibility for O0M planning to the hPG.Thereby, initially, the NPG would analyze and prepare plans and define require-ments of the 061 facility for the proposed dam and power complex. It would thenreview and define requirements for the detailed organization, facilities, equip-ment, and staffing needs for operating at the initial and full developmentstages of the SSP and to recommend permanent operation and maintenance arrange-ments in accordance with the agreements of para 6.25. It would prepare detailedmanuals to guide the operation of specific structures, facilities and Oh equip-ment and would define functional and staff responsibilities, including theproposed integration and interfacing of the power and of the irrigation and M&Iwater supply units of the NDD. Staff initially assigned to the O& planningunit within NPG would ideally form the nucleus of ,-he SSP's Ohh organization atfull development. A detailed 0&61 plan for the SCs would include the identifica-tion of an agency or unit for the operation and maintenance of SSP's powerfacilities and specification of arrangements required in the sharing of powerbetween the governments of Gujarat, he and Naharashtra. The plan would alsoidentify administrative, organizational and staff responsibilities for O&M ofthe Water Delivery and Drainage Project for the carrying out of SSl's multipur-pose water supply functions (SAR 5018-IN).

6.23 A likely O&M organizational structure and the division of its respon-sibilities is discussed herein pending GOG's submittal to the Bank, for itsapproval by December 31, 1587, a detailed plan of 064 for the SSP, inc.udingdesignating an agency for the operation and maintenance of the project's powercomponent as provided under para 6.25. Gujarat would be responsible for theoperation and maintenance of the Sardar Sarovar dam and power complex on behalfof the three party states. It also would have the responsibility of the opera-tion and maintenance of the water delivery and drainage tacilities. Togetherthose facilities comprise the SSP. The State would decide how and under whatschedule to best utilize its share of the Narmada's yield in accordance with theNWDT decision and with guidance of the NCA concerning water allocations andflood emergencies. Gujarat's operating schedule would impact directly on reser-voir and power operations, particularly at the CHPH, wherein maximum use wouldbe made of water supply deliveries to Gujarat and Rajasthan in the productionof bydropower. Hovever, NWDT required that the responsibility for O0K of thepower facilities would rest with the GOG or its designated agency. The finaldecision on whether or not the O&M of the power component would be undertaken byNDD or through another appropriate agency has not been made, however, suchchoice would not alter the internal structure or functioning of NVD. Thecentral unit of the hDD, the designated Project Office, would have directresponsibility, on behalf of the States, for BSS's OM. It would be in directcontact with the hCA on a periodic basis and would represent the State andreceive guidance on operating the SSP's diversion and storage facilities. Assuch, NCA has the responsibility for basin-wide water inventories, runoffprojections and allocation of the river's yield and operation of thehydrometeorological network. NC& would, therefore, provide coordination andguidance to HP and Gujarat in the operation of its upstream projects during themonsoon runoff and in times of emergency and provide coordination and adviceconcerning interstate flows during the remainder of the year. The ProjectOffice would be responsible for developing the water and power operatingschedules of the Sardar Sarovar reservoir, power plants and main canal and

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oversee their execution. Four administrative regions with divisions and othersubunits would be responsible for the O&M for irrigation and domestic, municipaland industrial water supply facilities and are described under SAR lO8-IN, theWater Delivery and Drainage Project report.

6.24 The power division of the NDD or its designated agency reportingdirectly to the Project Office, would be responsible for O&M of the RBPH andCHU1, and the joint switchyard, transformers, accessory mechanical-electricalequipment and transmission facilities within Gujarat. The power division wouldmaintain a system of independent accounting and receive direct supervision ofits activities from the Project Office. Thus, the actual agency chosen forperforming the power operations, whether established within the NDD or chosenfrom elsewhere, would need to adhere to established and agreed operating rules,conditions and agreed reporting arrangements of the NDD/GOG. A Dams and Reser-voir Unit would be established for O&M of the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir,Garudeshwar Weir, Vadgam Saddle Dam, the irrigation by-pass tunnels.and the foursmaller dams and reservoirs at the head of the main canal. This unit would be apart of the Main Canal and Dams Division that would report directly to theProject Office in parallel with the Power Division. As structured, the primarywater operations at the reservoir would be carried out by the hain Canal andDams Division and the power operation at the reservoir would be carried out bythe Power Division, under direct supervision and detailed operating schedules ofthe Project Office.

6.25 In view of the need to establish and maintain the organizationalentities and arrangements discussed in paras b.21 through 6.24, agreement hasbeen reached with GOG that it would, by December 31, 1987, prepare and furnishto the Bank, for its approval, an operation Rnd maintenance plan, including theprovision of funds, staff and other resources, for the dams, powerhouses, canalsand related structures and equipment under the project, and thereafter, adoptand implement the approved plan. Agreements have been reachea with GUG that itwould maintain the the NZD, headed by a qualified and experienced officer, withthe powers, functions, responsibilities, organization, staffing and funds asneeded to enable it to carry out its responsibilities for the overall implemen-tation of the SSI including:

(a) the operation and maintenance ot the irrigation and municipal,industrial and domestic water delivery and drainage facilities;

(b) the operation and maintenance of Saraar Sarovar dam and spillway,Garudeshwar weir, Vadgam Saddle dam, the irrigation by-pass tunnels andthe system of dams and reservoirs and interlinking channels and relatedfacilities located between the CEPh and the Narmada main canalhead-regulator;

(c) the supply and distribution of irrigation and municipal, industrial anddomestic water resulting from the SSP; and

(d) through an appropriate agency, to be established by December 31, 1988.operate and maintain the hydroelectric power component of the SSP, and,in accordance with the NWDT decision, supply hydroelectric power to GOG,GOhP and GOM resulting from the implementation of such component.

In addition, agreement as been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they wouldrequire the project's facilities, to be efficiently maintained and the vehicles

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and equipment to be efficiently operated and maintained and all necessaryrepairs and renewals made, in accordance with sound engineering and financialpractices.

Ownership and Financial ArrangementsRelating to the Power Facilities

6.26 According to the NWDT decision, the net power and energy generated atthe RBPE and CUPH would be shared as follows: 57% to MP, 27% to haharashtra, and16Z to Gujarat. The entitlement of power and energy for any one day can beutilized fully or partly by the states, or sold to one another by mutual agree-ment. The power assets to be created under the project would be owned by theparticipating states in those proportions. Capital and annual O&K costs of thepower facilities to be constructed under the Sardar Sarovar Dam and PowerProject, would be shared in the same ratio as the above power benefits.

6.27 Under the project, and in accordance with the NWDT, transmission linesare to be constructed by GOG to the borders of -JP and Maharashtra. Tbereafter,by December 31, 1991, these state governments will, each within its territory,construct necessary facilities to connect these lines to the Western Regionpower grid.

6.28 GOG, through an agency to be designated by it, is to operate and main-tain all power facilities (generation and transmission) within Gujarat, whileeach participating state would operate and maintain their respective transmis-sion facilities. While the ownership of the power facilities to De constructedunder the project would be vested with each participating state, it has not yetbeen decided who would purchase the power produced under the project on behalfof each state for re-sale to consumers. The purchasing agencies could be therespective SEBs or other operating electric utility organizations. Such agen-cies could be independent authorities, corporations or other electric supplyutilities. The precise form of these organizations would be firmed up at thetime that the project O&M organization is to be established (paras 6.21 and6.25).

6.29 In order to ensure that the power to be produced under the project wouldbe priced economically, agreement has also been reached with the three par-ticipating States that they would, by a date not later than six months beforethe commissioning of tne first turbine-generator unit under either the RBPH orthe CEPH, enter into contracts, satisfactory to the Bank, with appropriateelectric utility organizations for the bulk supply and sale of electricitygenerated under the project including bulk supply contracts with each statecontaining provisions for pricing power at levels which would recover allinvestment costs and full O&M costs and would produce a satisfactory internalrate of return to project investments over the life of the assets. The internalrate of return would reflect an acceptable real rate of return to capital and,in addition, an estimate of expected future inflation. In this manner, realrecovery of assets by the participating states would be assured. The preciselevels of tariffs to be charged under the bulk supply contrpzts would be nego-tiated six months before commissioning of the power facilities and would besubject to review every three years tbereafter.

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VII. BENEFITS. RISK. AND JUSTIFICATION J/

General

7.01 The project to be financed under the proposed credit would be anintegral part of the larger SSP in Gujarat. The SSP serves three functions:irrigation, M&I water supply, and power generation. The assessment ofbenefits, costs, and risk covers the SSP in its entirety, ZJ since all func-tions are interdependent through the common resource, the Narmada River, andtbrough their joint reliance on the Sardar Sarovar Reservoir.

Agricultural Benefits

7.02 Beneficiaries. The rural population of the SSP command area isestimated at about 4.5 M (in 1981). Projections of population growth suggesta rural population of 8.3 M in the year 2021, and an urban population growingfrom some 3.9 M (including Abmedabad city) to 9.9 X in the same period.About 78% of the rural working population are engaged in agriculturalactivities, to about equal parts as either cultivators (U.bO M) or agricul-tural laborers (0.59 M). The number of households is estimated at about340,000, of which some 45% are cultivator households and 36% are agriculturallaborer households. Some 96% of the holdings are fully owned by the cul-tivators. Population growth will necessarily increase the number ofhouseholds and of holdings, thereby diminishing the average farm size. Theproportion of landless laborers in the rural population will increase con-siderably. Average annual per capita expenditure for rural households wasestimated in a sample survey in 1982 as Rs 1,280 a year S/. Cultivatorhouseholds spent on average Rs 1,450 per capita a year; whereas, agriculturallaborer households spent only Rs 985. The official rural poverty line in1982 was Rs 1,030 per capita. Some 28% of the cultivator households in thesurvey fell below this line in terms of expenditures, as against 64% of theagricultural laborer households.

7.03 Incremental Production. The provision of surface water from theNarmada River and the recycling of induced groundwater recharge within theproject area are expected to raise the cropping intensity from 105X atpresent to around 135-140% in the future. 4/ Most incremental benefits would

;J This chapter is in large parts identical to chapter IX in SAR No.5108-IN.

ZJ This includes dam and reservoir, all power facilities, all irrigationworks, commaad area development, public and private groundwater develop-ment, and tentative projections for iajasthan-s cost and benefits fromNarmada water. The flood warning system is excluded.

J At the then prevailing exchange rate of Rs 9.28/US$1.

If two-seasonal crops were counted twice and perennials three times, thecropping intensity with project would be about 175%, and about 140% atpresent.

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derive from replacement of rainfed by irrigated crops, accompanied by acorresponding intensification of cultivation. Yield increases over presentaverage levels for irrigated crops would rank in second place as source ofincremental benefits. Based on past experience, the cropping intensity wouldnot rise appreciably in the absence of SSP, although some rainfed crops maybe replaced by irrigated crops through limited further development of privategroundwater. The value of agricultural output (measured in financial pricesof 1984) would increase under the SSP by some 370X over a period of 20-25years; whereas without the project the increase would be less than 30%.Agricultural production in Gujarat State as a wbole would be about 40X higherthan it would be without SSP. Virtually all of the incremental cash cropproduction and the major part of foodcrops can be expected to reach themarkets.

7.04 Incremental production of foodgrains in the project area is estimatedat about 2.5 M tons (+ 3004.) annually at full development, consisting mainlyof wheat, but also of paddy, sorghum, pearl millet, and pulses. lhe projectwould generate an increase in cash crop production valued at about Rs 8,600 H(+ 260%) a year, mainly through crops such as cotton, oilseeds (groundnut,mustard, and castor), tobacco, vegetables and fruits. With respect to cot-ton, a shift towards higher value medium and long stapLe varieties for whichsuitable hybrids have been developed, can be expected from introduction ofirrigation. Fodder crops would more than double to cater to the increasingdemand for draught animal power. Production with and without project formajor crops, by volume and by value, is simmarized in table 23.

7.05 Emplovment and Income. More intensive cultivation of the projectagricultural area is estimated to provide, by the time of full development,the equivalent of some 0.7 X man-years of full on-farm employment. Most ofthe incremental employment would benefit landless laborers. Given thepopulation growth in the project area of some 80% over 40 years, the projectmay not fully absorb the additional workforce in agricultural activities,although secondary employment effects may well help to accommodate thebalance in other sectors of the economy. Apart from permanent employmentgeneration in agriculture, the project would provide, on average, some125,000 seasonal jobs annually during the construction period of the project,extending over some 22 years. Incremental incomes to farmers would varywidely among agro-climatic regions and farm sizes. Estimates of incrementalincomes for typical farm sizes in different regions have been made to indi-cate orders of magnitude (see table 24). Income from crop production for anaverage farm would ri&e on average by some 250% when compared to estimatesfor the future without project. The sum of all regional incremental incomesfrom farming (net value added) in the SSP would amount to some Rs 10,400 Mper year after 20 years (see table 25), whereas without project it wouldamount only to some Rs 3,100 M. It is estimated that presently some 40% ofthe rural population in the project area live on incomes below the povertyline. This percentage is expected to diminish under the SSP, even with theanticipated growth of rural population, although it is difficult to predictto what extent, given the demographic changes and intricate shifts in incomedistribution.

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Benefits from M&I Water Supply

7.06 Projections of future water demand and supply for urban centers,villages and industries reveal a substantial deficit of M&I water, due toscarcity and unsuitable quality. The study area for these projectionsincludes towns ara villages within the SSP command, in adjacent areas, andvillages in critical areas of Saurashtra peninsula and Kutch, not contiguousto the SSP command. Part of the deficit in urban centers can be met byongoing and planned water supply schemes. Villages that have some form oflocal source have been excluded from deficit estimation. The balance ofvillages would have absolutely no sources to satisfy the growing demand ofthe future. Consequently, the remainder of the deficit is planned to beprovided from Narmada water, either directly through the canals of the SSP orindirectly by pumping from the SSP-induced recharge to groundwater. Insimmary, the annual volumes of M&I water to be provided, the number ofbenefiting urban centers and villages and their respective projected popula-tion are as follows:

Urban Rural Total

Supply of SSP surface water (Mm ) 1115 /A 195 1310 /b

Supply of groundwater from SSP-inducedrecharge (Mm3) 79 99 178

Number of urban centers/villages 131 4720 -

Population projected in year 2021 (M) 18.6 10.8 29.4

/a Including supply to industries and thermal power plants and supply to thecity of Abmedabad.

/b At canalhead.

7.07 While it is difficult to attach an economic or social value to theM&I water to be supplied, it is possible to evaluate the approximate cost ofalternative projects (where feasible) to supply similar amounts of water aturban and rural distribution points and to compare it to additional invest-ments to make SSP water available at these points. The difference in theannualized economic cost per unit of water has been used to estimate benefitsfrom this function of SSP, lacking an indication of the consumers' 'willing-ness-to-pay." M&I water would be made available only gradually over a periodof about 40 years, starting with the more straightforward schemes within thecommand area. Since the cost of alternative water supply schemes in theabsence of SSP would rise considerably over time as more difficult and costlyschemes would have to be implemented, the economic value of each additionalblock of B&I water would also increase over time. The ultimate alternativeconsidered for some rusal areas would be supply by tank truck, estimated tocost about Rs 10 per m . The average3annualized cost saving, after 35-40years, amounts to about Rs 2.50 per m at the distribution point. Kowever,neither the indirect effects of basic water supply and of improved waterquality on health, standard of living and labor productivity, nor the addi-tional benefit of using treated effluents directly or indirectly (through

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recharge of groundwater) for irrigation could be adequately quantified forinclusion in the economic analysis.

Benefits from Power Generation

7.08 Riverbed Powerhouse. The RBPR would generate the bulk of power atSardar Sarovar Dam. Its function would be to make use of substantial regu-lated but undiverted flows of the Narmada River during the period of buildupof consumptive water use both upstream and in Gujarat and Rajasthan (at least40 years). Due to gradually increasing abstractions, the firm capacity ofthe RBPH in the conventional mode of operation (initially estimated at some415 MS or 3,640 GWh a year) would decrease over time to nil. Secondaryenergy generation (spill energy) would also decrease, but would be availablein high-flow years even at full development. Due to its capability of pump-back operation, however, the powerhouse would be able to maintain a firm peakload of at least some 300 MW indefinitely.

7.09 Canalhead Powerhouse. The power generation at the CEPH is dependenton abstractions of Gujarat and Rajasthan from Sardar Sarovar Reservoir, andto a lesser degree, on average elevations of the reservoir surface that wouldtend to decrease over the time of basin development. Given the capability ofreregulating the flow to the main canal in the interlinked ponds between theCMPB and the canalhead regulators, and due to the expected low daily plantfactor (15-30%), the CHPH could be operated as a peaking station. At timesof spills, additional flows can be routed through the CHkR and back to theriver. Average annual generation at the full development stage is estimatedat about 800 GWh.

7.10 The two power sources would form part of the least cost capacityexpansion sequence in India-s western region grid, even when carrying 100%of the cost of the dam and reservoir (see SDV, annex 9). The benefits frompower generation have been assessed by attaching an estimate of the socialvalue of energy to the volume of energy to be produced. An attempt was madeto estimate the maximum willingness to pay for power in the industrial andagricultural sectors, which together account for some 75X of energy demand inthe western grid. Based on these estimates and on average tariffs paid byconsumers in these and other sectors, an estimate of the average financialwillingness to pay was calculated and then adjusted to the economic value ofenergy generated. ij The resulting economic price of energy at teneration isRs 0.66/kWh, whereas the average financial revenue (at present tariffs) isabout Rs 0.47/kWh. All energy (firm and spill energy) has been valued at theeconomic price. Its derivation is described in detail in SDV, annex 10.

Other Project Benefits

7.11 The creation of Sardar Sarovar Reservoir would allow the introductionof fisheries. Estimates of the net benefits from fish production arepresently not available and, therefore, not included in the quantitativeanalysis. This activity and the planned reforestation in the reservoir

ij By multiplying with the assumed standard conversion factor (0.80) and theaverage efficiency of transmission and distribution from generation toconsumer (0.82), including auxiliary consumption.

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catchment and in parts of the command area would help to offset the economiccosts from submergence and from changes in the downstream environment. Theavailability of water in the vicinity of the reservoir and in the commandwould improve general health conditions of the population. While the reser-voir would not be able to protect downstream areas from the magnitude offlood considered for sizing the spillways, it could be managed to mitigateconsiderably the more frequent but lesser floods. The proposed flood warningsystem would contribute towards this goal basinwide.

Assumptions for Economic Analysis 1/ ./

7.12 CroDRinu Patterns. Yields. and Cost of Cultivation. Since the fullbenefits from irrigation would only accrue after some 20 to 25 years, thereis more than usual uncertainty in assessing the cropping pattern at fulldevelopment. To minimize this uncertainty, studies have been made by NPG toestimate cropping patterns for each of thirteen agroclimatic zones on thebasis of presently available information concerning yields, costs, acreageresponse of farmers to prices, irrigation availability, likely wateravailability and regional water allocation. However, the studies did nottake fully into account the likely increase in private groundwater pumping,which has a bearing on overall water availability and likely cropping pat-tern. Crop yields for a representative number of crops presently grown underirrigation in Gujarat have been projected on the basis of what is alre4ybeing achieved by progressive farmers under reliable irrigation and what may,according to experts, be achieved on a broader basis by the average farmer 15to 20 years from now with the type of irrigation service intended under theproject and with adequate support services. Yielas and cropping patterns asadopted for the base case in economic analysis are conservative in as much asthey do not reflect any major breakthrough in agricultural technology ormajor shift towards extremely high value crops, such as can be observedalready where there is private tubewell irrigation. Therefore, the futurevalue of production may well exceed projections as adopted now, while it isless likely to fall short. The cost of cultivation (input requirements) forthe various crops is based on sample surveys in Gujarat, adjusted for cropyield assumptions. Yield and input requirements assumed for the future withSSP are shown in detail in SDV, annex 10.

7.13 Present and Future Without Proiect Situation. Present croppingpatterns by agro-climatic regions are based on detailed statistics for thetalukas (subdivisions of districts) covered by the SSP command area. Areasserved by existing major surface irrigation schemes in those talukas were notcounted in estimating the area presently irrigated. At present some 13Z of

AJ See SDV, annex 10 for a detailed discussion of assumptions.

]/ The economic analyses summarized in this chapter reflect an exchange rateof US$1.0 to Rs 11.0 while the cost- sDmmarized in chapter VI reflect anupdated rate of USS1.0 to is 12.0. This variance is not expected tosignificantly affect conclusions of the economic analysis presented forthe base case (paras 7.28-7.31) or conclusions of the risk analysisdiscussed in paras 7.32-7.40.

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the command area is irrigated, mostly by private groundwater. When project-ing the cropping pattern and intensity into the future, no significant chan-ges were assumed, apart from further increases in groundwater development.Accordingly, the irrigation intensity was assumed to increase from some 13%to sone 16% in the future without project over a period of 20 years, whilethe cropping intensity would remain the same at 105%, as past performancewould suggest.

7.14 An analysis of yield trends since 1970 in Gujarat shows an annualincrease of about 2.7% a year for all crops. It is not likely that thistrend would continue much further, since it was linked to the developmentof irrigation facilities and to the introduction of high yielding varietiesfor many of the important crops. Adoption of such varieties appears to havereached a saturation point. It was, therefore, assumed that yields of allcrops would increase by 20% over 20 years, and that the corresponding cost ofcultivation would increase somewhat faster (25%). Combined with a higherirrigation intensity, average economic net returns per ha would be about 24%higher in the future without the project than at present. Present yields arebased on recent crop cutting surveys in the districts covered by the SSPcommand and on agronomic expertise on the differential between rainfed andirrigated yield levels, where surveys are not available. Cropping patterns,yields, and input requirements under the present situation are shown in SDV,annex 10.

7.15 Agricultural Output and Input Prices. All prices are expressea inconstant 1984 rupees. Import or export parity prices were estimated formajor tradable crops such as cotton, rice, wheat and groundnut, based on IBRDprojections of world market prices for 1995 (expressed in 1984 constantrupees at an exchange rate of Rs 11/US41). For nontraded foodgrains andoilseeds, economic prices were based on real increases in economic prices oftradeable foodgrains and oilseeds over the period 1984 thru 1985. For othernon-traded crops, a standard conversion factor of 0.b was used.

7.16 Agricultural wages vary considerably seasonally and regionally, butaverage about Rs 7.5 a man-day. Studies of farm labor supply and demand inIndia typically suggest a ratio of economic shadow wage to market wage in therange of 0.50 to 0.70. A farm labor conversion factor of U.67 has beenadopted in the economic analysis. Costs of other agricultural inputs, suchas compost, bullock labor, agrochemicals, and miscellaneous costs, have beenmultiplied by the standard conversion factor to arrive at their economicequivalent. All economic and financial prices used are summarized in SDV,annex 10.

7.17 Proiect Costs. The Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project's nine yearimplementation and annual 0EM costs are presented in chapter 5. Detailedestimates, including the rates of physical contingencies by item of eachmajor project component and other formulations of costs are given on tables 5through 17. Base cost estimates were provided by GUG and/or their consult-ants and reviewed by the appraisal mission. A differentiated approach wastaken to the level of detail in design and estimates required for appraisal.The estimates range from final pre-construction quality for the first andhighest priority features such as the dam and initial reaches of the maincanal, to full feasibiliLy level for minor works of the first stage develop-ment area, to the best obtainable estimates of features that would not befinally designed or laid out for a decade or more into the future. The

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differential approach to project design and estimating standards and proce-dures is justified by the following: the exceptionally long (22 year)implementation period; the reduced effect, due to discounting, of possibleerrors iu estimates of project facilities that would not be implemented orperhaps even designed for a decade or more; and worldwide experience withlarge and long term public works projects that typically entail numerousphysical, financial, or political changes over time that cannot beanticipated initially. The SSP investment costs are given in table 26,showing cost estimates (inclusive of physical contingencies) at financialprices over the 22-year period of implementation from FY 1984/85 through2005/06. Table 27 shows the estimated recurrent O&Z and energy costs for theWater Delivery and Drainage project.

7.1b Base costs plus physical contingencies, in constant 1984 rupees, forall components of the SSY were taken as the basis for economic investmentcosts and adjusted by application of appropriate conversion factors tospecific materials such &s cement and steel, to skilled and unskilled laborand, in a second step, to subcomponents such as earthwork, lining, othercivil works, equipment, etc. Where a special conversion factor could not bederived, the standard conversion factor was used. Conversion factors usedare summarized in SDV, annex 10.

7.19 In addition to investment costs contained in table 26, the estimatedcost of the entire length of transmission lines into hP and Maharashtra, aswell as the estimated cost of subtransmission, urban distribution and ruralelectrification (150% of transmission co3t) was included in the economictnalysis.

7.20 Land acquisition in the reservoir area and for infrastructure in theSSP command was costed using the estimated economic value of annual produc-tion foregone, based on projections of agricultural net returns per ha in thefuture without project. The cost of rehabilitation of oustees is included inthe investment cost for the Sardar Sarovar Dam, in as far as this cost doesnot represent transfer payments. The value of foregone forest production inthe reservoir area due to submergence is also included.

7.21 Other costs for the economic analysis include the investment andrecurrent cost of private pumping from groundwater, the investment and O&Hcost of Rajasthan's use of Narmada water for irrigation, and a share of thecost of Narmada Sagar Dam in MP. The regulated releases from Sardar SarovarReservoir could not be fully obtained without additional regulation inupstream reservoirs of the Narmada Basin, particularly at Narmada Sagar.Ideally, costs and benefits of the entire basin development would have to beestimated simultaneously to take account of the interdependence of projects,which is not possible at this stage. Guided by the NWDT's analysis forinterstate cost sharing, 20% of the investment cost for Narmada Sagar Reser-voir were allocated to the SSP to account for Narmada Sagar's regulationbenefits. The phasing of the SSP's total economic costs of the dam andreservoir, power and irrigation components is shown in figure 8.

Buildup of Benefirs Over Time

7.22 Water Use. Abstraction of Narmada water by Gujarat would follow thephasing of areas coming under irrigation. First irrigation releases would bemade in year 9 (1992193). It is assumed that each hectare would ultimately

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be allocated a volume of water consistent with the estimated final wateravailability from all public sources for irrigation, the projected systemefficiency, and the size of command. However, higher allocations resultingin correspondingly higher irrigation intensities would be given initiallyuntil the full command is under irrigation. System water use efficiency isprojected to increase from a low 34% in the first year of irrigation to afinal 48% for surface water over a period of 10 years. ij The gross areairrigated is determined, in any year, by water availability at the field, bythe estimated average water demand of irrigated crops, and by the assumedrate at which farmers would actually apply water in relation to the calcu-lated requirement (90%). Agency groundvater abstraction for conjunctive usewould be phased in gradually over a period of some twelve years, startingabout 4 years after the first irrigation. Water from en route rivers wouldbecome available only much later. Some 13,270 Mm would ultilately be avail-able for irrigation from all public sources, oroabout 3,540 m /ha at theplant.

7.23 Some private groundwater development would take place with andwithout project. In addition, new private groundwater would be developedbased on the induced recharge of the aquifer from surface water losses andwould thus contribute also to the subsurface drainage requirements. Thereare several reasons why such new development can be expected to take place,although with some delay:

(a) public surface water supply, at full development, would not be amplein relation to irrigable area;

(b) public groundwater cannot be developed in all areas;

(c) farmers would recognize the benefits from additional flexibilityand security of supply, especially im years of low reservoiryields,towards the hot season and in the maintenance of high valueperennial crops; and

(d) farmers would be able to accumulate savings from the initial streamof incremental income from irrigation and would be in a betterposition to afford their own wells.

7.24 All private groundwater development Nould ultimately contributeanother 3,300 Mm per year, or about 1,750 m /ha. Buildup of water use overtime from the different sources is illustrated in figure 9. Wateravailability for Rajasthan was taken as a proportion of availability forGujarat. It has been assumed that Rajasthan would start to draw its share assoon as the main canal is completed (year 14 or 1997/98).

7.25 Each block of command area coming under irrigation in a year wasassumed to follow a particular path of transition from the respective start-ing situation (as for future without project) to full development in terms ofnet returns per unit area. The Rotential net returns for each time period

IJ Higher efficiencies were assumed for public and private groundwater (60%and 70%, respectively).

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would increase gradually to a maximum over a period of 12 years after firstirrigation, and farmers in each block would approach and ultimately achievethe yearly potential levels according to assumed annual adoption rates over aperiod of five years. Th: assumptions are more fully described in SDV,annex 10.

7.26 Phasing of M&l water has been projected according to tentative plansof the Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage Board. Witl!drawals would start atabout the same time as the first irrigation, and would not reach their finallevel until 30 years later (see SDV, annex 10).

7.27 Annual average releases through the RBPH and corresponding generationwere estimated in function of projected buildup of withdrawals in theupstream states and from Sardar Sarovar Reservoir. For Shis purpose, annualupstream abstraction has been assumed to reach 16,300 hm after 25 years, andthe full development stage (24,300 hm3 ) after a total of 42 years. Presentabstraction upstream is estimated at i800 Mm3. Power operations would startwith less than full capacity in year 9 (1992193). Full capacity was assumedto be available in year 10. Energy generation in conventional operation isderived from the sequence of projected flows through the RBPH. Pumpbackoperations using the reversible turbine-generators are assumed to start, at alow level, in the second year of power operation, building up gradually over15 years to sustain ultimately a 25% load factor. Energy generation at theCHPH was estimated from releases to the main canal and mean annual headavailable for generation.

Economic Rate of Return for SSP: The Base Case

7.28 The economic viability of the SS?, including its three functions ofpower generation, irrigation, and M&I water supply, was evaluated through asimulation model covering 50 years of the project's life and takingexplicitly into account the interdependence of the three functions in termsof facility use and water resources, as well as the dependence on upstreamdevelopment. The resulting buildup of total project benefits over time isillustrated in figure 10. The economic benefit and cost streams for the basecase are summarized in table 28 and graphically shown in figure 11. Usingbase case values for all model parameters, the economic rate of return (ERR)is 13%. Bad power benefits been valued at the equivalent (at generation) ofthe average tariff realized by State Electricity Boards, (Rs 0.47/kWh insteadof Rs 0.66) the ERR would have been about 12%.

7.29 The principal objectives of the SSY are to safeguard basic watersupply to the human population and to industries in Gujarat as well as toincrease agricultural production through provision of the presently mostlimiting factor, water. Those are the binding rules of society as formulatedby the NWDT stating that consumptive water uses have priority over powergeneration. It is supported by the nction that water cannot be replacea byany other factor in agriculture and human consumption, whereas power can beproduced from alternative resources. Therefore, power generation, althoughcontributing a large share of total benefits, is a residual benefit, takingadvantage of undiverted flows during the buildup period of basin diversions.Consequently, no project is conceivable without the irrigation and i&I watersupply components. Therefore, and also because joint reservoir costs cannotbe allocated between the interdependent purposes of this project, it is notappropriate to estimate separate ERRs for the different purposes. Given

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GOG's decision that the main objective is providing irrigation andmunicipal/industrial water supply, it is unrealistic to conceive an alterna-tive project satisfying this objective, as required by the classical methodof appraising multi-purpose projects, because any alternative means ofproviding such vater is prohibitively expensive.

7.30 However, for analytical purposes, it is possible to conceive analternative "power-only." project at Sardar Sarovar, which would use most ofthe water resources released from upstream reservoirs. Such a project wouldhave an ERR of about 15%. Adding the irrigation and h&I functions, andconsidering those as an incremental project, the "add-on:' project would havean ERR of about 12Z, producing an ERR for the combined, multipurpose SSP of13%. ./ The present values for the ."power-only," alternative and for the'add-on!' project are detailed in table 29. Alternative allocations of avail-able river water over time are conceivable and may produce some gain in"optimality", but are not feasible due to the binding rules which society,through the NWDT, has decided upon.

7.31 The proposed SSP is more than a very large project; it provides thebasis of a regional development and of Gujarat's state water plan for regionsnorth of the Narmada River. The allocation of Narmada water to basic watersupply for villages, cities, and industries, although relatively small, iscritical for the further development of a water short and drought prone statesuch as Gujarat. The irrigation system would provide a basic infrastructurefor the expansion not only of the agricultural sector but of an entireregional economy through linkage and multiplier effects. Because of its verylarge size relative to the rest of the Gujarat economy, the project stretchesthe limits under which partial analysis through economic internal rate ofreturn is apprcpriate. Worldwide experience would also suggest that largescale basic infrastructure projects generally tend to have low rates ofreturn when evaluated only on their immediate, quantifiable benefits andcosts. Due to its size, the SSP would have clearly more than marginaleffects on the Gujarat economy. The irrigation project area would coverabout 20% of the state's territory, and its impact, in terms of agriculturalproduction, would be proportionally even larger. Incremental consumption byrural beneficiaries, marketing and processing of agricultural products, anddemand for agricultural inputs and labor would generate secondary income andemployment effects. While existing data are not sufficient to quantify sucheffects for Gujarat, studies elsewhere (Malaysia) indicate that these .'down-stream" effects of irrigation projects in terms of value added on a regionmay be as high as 75Z of the direct effects. if The same study estimatedthat each dollar of ."downstream" value added associated with the project

AJ While such an addition vould cause some loss of power benefits relativeto the hypothetical "power-only." project, this would be partially compen-sated through power generation at the CIPH and use of reversible tur-bine-generators. Pumpback operations have been excluded from the "poweronly.' case, due to the already high long-term plant factor.

i) Bell, C. and Hazell, P., 'Measuring the Indirect Effects of an Agricul-tural Investment Project on its Surrounding Region," American Journal ofAgricultural Economics, vol. 62, no. 1 (1980) World Bank Reprint Seriesno. 154.

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needed between US $0.75 to 41.50 of complexentary investments appropriatelydistributed over all other sectors. This would suggest indeed high rates ofreturn on follow-on investaents. Another study on the Indian economy sug-gests that an increase in the growth rate of agricultural output of 1% maytrigger an increase in the growth rate of national income of about 0.7%, andof industrial production of about 0.5%. j/ The quantitative economic evalua-tion of the SSP, however, does not attempt to take these secondary effectsinto consideration.

Project Risk

7.32 Sensitivity to Key Parameters. Sensitivity analysis was conductedthrough computation of "switching values." to determine how deviations fromthe main assumptions would effect the economic viability of the project. The"switching value" is that value of a parameter to which it will have toincrease (or decrease) in order to render present value of the project's netbenefits zero. The discount rate used was 12%. The following table showsthe percentage changes between appraisal assumption and switching value for anumber of selected parameters:

Percentage Difference BetweenADpraisal and Switching Values

Cost Over-runs (in real terms, economic cost)Total cost +15Dam cost +152Total reservoir cost +104Riverbed powerhouse cost +214Power transmission & distribution cost +144Total power cost +75Main canal cost +77Branch canal cost +151Distribution & drainage system cost +85Total irrigation system cost +24

Benefit Short-fallsTotal benefits -13Agricultural benefits -22Agricultural plus M&I water benefits -21Power benefits -38

Implementation PeriodsDam +22Power facilities +55Narmada Sagar Dam >+100Irrigation system -30Period to reach full irrigationdeveIopment +300

jj Rangarajan, C., "Agricultural Growth and Industrial Performance inIndia," Research Report no. 33, International Food Policy ResearchInstitute, 1982.

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Other ParametersCement conversion factor +110Unskilled labor conversion factor +95(construction and agriculture)

Social value of energy -35Narmada River mean runoff -28Narmada water available toGujarat & Rajasthan -48

Irrigation system efficiency(canal water) -37

Water requirements for averageirrigated crop +26

Cultivable comaand area +130Economic crop prices -17Economic farm input prices +73Irrigated yields (with project) -13Rainfed yields

(without 6 with project) +60Farm inputs on irrigated crops

(with project) +40Irrigated yields & inputs

varying simultaneously -20

7.33 Among these factors, those relating to yields, to prices, and physi-cal parameters (water resource availability and crop vater requirements) aresubject mainly to appraisal errors; project planning has little control overthem. Yields are based on judgement of the potential of today's crops whensupported by responsive, equitable, and reliable water conveyance anddelivery systems, by proper drainage facilities, and by an efficient agricul-tural extension service some twenty years from now. Operation and designcriteria, including ample conveyance and delivery capacities, are specifi-cally geared towards such operations. A plan for O&H has been worked out andagreed with GOG to ensure that operation makes good use of the potentialbuilt into the design. Projected gross returns per hectare are on theaverage not considerably higher (+3b8) than what is being presently achievedunder irrigation (mostly by private well owners). They do not imply anymajor breakthrough in agro-technology, and thus may understate the potential.A large shortfall relative to the base assumptions is therefore unlikely.Yields may be jeopardized in parts of the command only if incipient soildrainage problems are not remedied by proper means, e.g., through vertical(well) drainage. Criteria for drainage and conjunctive use of groundwaterhave been developed and agreed upon. As to the economic value of power, areduction by 35X would imply that it falls short even of the average financerevenue realized presently, in spite of strong indications that the willing-ness to pay is higher.

7.34 Risks relating to implementation period and project costs (in realterms) can, to some extent, be reduced by good planning and diagnosis. It isnoteworthy that major risks from implementation delay are likely to arise atthe dam and power complex rather than in the irrigation infrastructure.Timely project implementation is related to institutional and staffcapabilities, organization and management and proper funding of the SSP. Theimplementing agency, the state of Gujarat and its institutions, are fullycommitted to the SSP. Institutional capabilities of the highest calibre are

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found in Gujarat and in India as exhibited by their excellent performanceduring project preparation and design phases. The ability of goveriment toreach across agency lines and to draw upon the private sector for in depthtechnical support is unique and indicative of the level of statewide commit-ment and support to he found in the future. However, timely implementationdepends on support for recomm-ended institutional, organizational, managerial,and financial initiatives, as well as on the assurance that recommended stafflevels and technical consulting services are maintained for efficient andeffective management of this massive and complex project. In this regard,GOG has already indicated acceptance of centralized procurement, a managementinformation system, early initiation of the 0&M organizatiou, continuation ofthe DRU, and utilization of outside technical expertise in certain special-ized design and construction activities, including a canal review board.Successful implementation would also depend heavily upon early establishmentof the recommended organizations in each state and at the center for managingand monitoring the resettlement and rehabilitation of oustees from the mainreservoir.

7.35 Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, worldwide experience in largepublic works development shows that implementation slippage is frequentlycaused by inadequate public sector financial support. Financial capabilitiesof Gujarat and MP during the coming Five-Year Plan period have been assessed,and while the SSP would certainly cause considerable strain on their invest-ment budgets, its financing is considered feasible given the priorityaccorded to the investments in each state plan and given GOI's commitment toprovide all funds necessary to ensure timely project completion (see paras5.07-5.13). Inspite of a strong statewide resolve to implement the SSP, therisk of slippage related to institutional capabilities, organization, manage-ment, and funding remains potentially high. This need has resulted in theagreements with GOI and the participating states cited elsewhere in this SARand summarized in paras 8.01 to 8.07, that relate to these issues, especiallythe establishment of GOG's hISC by December 19b5 (see para b.U2[k]).

7.36 Project costs appear pa.ticularly important for the economicviability of the SSP. Dam costs are not expected to to exceed the estimatessignificantly, since foundation conditions are well known, and the costs ofthe structure have been assessed in great detail (contractor's typeestimate). The RBPE cost contains an element of uncertainty with respect tocavern excavations, but is otherwise well founded. The cost of the first onethird of the length of the main canal (which represents more than one thirdof the total cost) has been assessed in detail and is mostly subject to somecost variations with respect to local geological conditions. The remainderof irrigation works, while based on the cost of sample blocks and typicalcost per unit of capacity and length of major canals, may vary in a widerrange, but in either direction. Special features such as the pumpliftschemes on Saurashtra and Kutch branches have been costed on feasibility typeestimates, but overruns here vould not influence the overall economicviability significantly.

7.37 A particular, although not substantial, risk with respect to powergeneration in the early years is the possibility of delays in the construc-tion of the major upstream regulation facility, Narmada Sagar Dam in HP. TheNWDT ordered SiP to complete it at the same time as Sardar Sarovar Dam.Average annual power generation in the early years at Sardar Sarovar RJkHwould be reduced by about 25Z without Narmada Sagar in place. While the

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preparation of Narmada Sagar has been somewhat delayed, the NP project is nowexpected to be completed in mid-1993. Full upstream regulation wotnld thus beavailable from the outset. The Bank is considering the financing of NarmadaSagar Project and is actively involved in its preparation to achieve theimplementation target. A slippage of 5 years would result in a decrease ofthe ERR of less than one half percent, and even 10 years slippage would notlower the ERR below 1ZX.

7.38 Quantitative Risk Analysis. If all base case assumptions turned outto be accurate, the SSP in its totality would yield an economic rate ofreturn to investment higher than the estimated opportunity cost of capital inIndia. It is, however, certain that all assumptions would not be correct.What then is the likelihood of a measure of returns to investment, such asthe ERR, to fall below any given minimum level' While this question ispertinent to all investment decisions under uncertainty, the case of the SS1warrants a more detailed analysis for the following reasons: firstly, thetime frame for implementation and benefit buildup is unusually long, anduncertainties increase with the remoteness of events in time; and secondly,the 'stakes' are unusually high given the size of proposed investments. Thereturns to investment are the result of the interaction of a large number ofvariables, such as costs of individual components (in real terms), implemen-tation periods, buildup speed for benefits, resource availability, agricul-tural yields and inputs, volume of energy produced, economic values attachedto benefits, etc. All of these can be perceived as random events followingcertain probability distributions. An effort was made to quantifyapproximately such distributions for a number of parameters based on judge-ment of staff and experts involved, and thus to express the perceivedvariability of individual events between extremes. A number of parametersentering the cost-benefit simulation model were subjected to random variationunder defined probability distributions (Monte Carlo method). 1/ Annualrandom fluctuations, such as of rainfall and riverflow, were not considered.All parameters were assumed to be mean values for a given year instead. ERRsand net present values were then calculated for 500 different, randomlychosen sets of parameters.

7.39 The following factors affecting risk have been incorporated into thequantitative risk analysis model:

(a) costs of dam, powerhouses, transmission system, main canal, branches,distribution and drainage system, command area and groundwaterdevelopment;

(b) implementation periods for the above;

(c) errors in estimates of economic conversion factors;

(d) deviation of agricultural gross returns (yields), cost of cultivation,water demand, and cropping intensities from base assumptions;

jI Obvious or supposed correlation among random variables was taken intoaccount either directly through equations linkin-g related parameters, orthrough identical random numbers used in general:ing correlated variables.

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(e) deviation of economic prices of agricultural outputs andinputs and of the economic value of power from base assumptions;

(f) change of buildup rate of agricultural benefits from assumed rate;

(g) loss of agricultural production due to drainage problems;

(h) deviation of river runoff and of actual water availability to Gujaratand Rajasthan from assumed volumes, and of system efficiencies fromthose assumed;

(i) variations in the share of Gujarat's water aLlocated to M&I use;

(j) delays in construction of the Narmada Sagar Reservoir upstream; and

(k) variations in the times that it takes the upstream states toreach pre-defined development stages.

Details on the assumed probability distribution are discussed in SDV, annex10.

7.40 The risk analysis as described above yielded a random sample of ERRs,based on which the exected ERR would be 12%. The minimum ERR observed inthe sample was 7.4%, a.d the maximum 18.9%. Since the values of the ERR inthe sample are approximately normally distributed, the following inferenceshave been made about the likelihood of the ERR falling within certain inter-vals: iJ

Range of ERR Probability Cum. Probability(Z) (Z) (J

Less than 8 2.2 2.28 to 10 13.4 15.610 to 12 34.4 50.012 to 14 34.4 84.414 to 16 13.4 97.8Greater than 16 2.2 100.0

The sample distribution of the ERR is shown graphically in figure 12. It isnoteworthy that the band of ERRd observed spreads only about 5-6 percentagepoints around the mean, and that an ERR of less than 10X would occur onlywith a chance of one in six. The spread of the distribution might be some-what larger, if year-to-year fluctuations of water availability and possiblyof rainfal: were simulated as well, especially in regard to power benefits.The risk inherent in the SSP appears to be relatively low. This can beattributed to the multipurpose character of the project, which spreads therisk over several functions, and to the nature of the power function that initself is less risky than the irrigation function. In summary, the projectis expected to yield satisfactory returns to investment and to carry areasonably low overall risk, considering its size and time frame.

1J The sample mean is 12.00% and the standard deviation 2.00.

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VIII. AGREEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

ARreements

Government of India (GOI)

8.01 Agreements have been reached with GOI that it would:

(a) Take all actions necessary to release forest lands reserved by theForest (Conservation) Act, 1980, within the boundaries of the States ofGujarat, HP and Naharashtra if required for the purpose of implementingthe Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project including the resettlement andrehabilitation programs and plans (para 4 .38[a]ti]);

(b) With the assistance of NCA, carry out the overall monitoring andevaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation of the Sardar Sarovardam and reservoir oustees within the boundaries of the participatingstates of Gujarat, MP and Habarashtra (para 4 . 3 8al [iil);

(c) On June 1 of each year, commencing on June 1, 1986, and thereafteruntil June 1, 1995, furnish to the Bank semi-annual and annual reports,of such scope and detail as the Bank may reasonably request, regardingthe resettlement and reLabilitation of Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoiroustees within the State boundaries of Gujarat, MP and Maharashtra(para 4.38[al [iii]).

Cd) Make the proceeds of the IBRD loan and/or IDA credit available to GOG,GOMP and GOM in accordance with its standard arrangements for develop-ment assistance to states and the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDTdecision, an aggregate amount equivalent to US$299.8 N (para 5.11);

Ce) Cause GOG, GOMP, and GOM to implement the project in accordance withtheir respective obligations including provision of the required funds,facilities, services and other resources (para 5.12);

(f) Cause GOR to perform its obligations regarding implementation of theproject as provided for in the NWDT decision (para 5.12);

(g) Maintain the NCA, CAC and NRC with powers, functions, responsibilities,staffing, funds, and membership as may be required to carry out theirrespective duties (para o.16); and

(h) By September 30, 1985, employ or cause to be employe and thereafterassign to NCA a social scientist with qualifications, experience andterms and conditions of employment satisfactory to the Bank and inaccordance with its August 1981 guidelines for the use of consultants(para 6.17).

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Government of Guiarat (GOG)

8.02 Agreements have been reached with GOG that it would:

(a) By April 1, 1985, establish and thereafter maintain a Dam Safety Panelwith terms of reference and membership satisfactory to the Bank (para4.22);

(b) (i) Cause the Dam Safety Panel to conduct semi-annual reviews of theadequacy of the plans and designs of the dams, spillways, by-passtunnel, weir, powerhouses, channels and related structures andfacilities included in the project and to examine, inter alia,whether there is a need for making changes in the design and/orconstruction (para 4.22[a]); and

(ii) Not later than seven days from the date of each of the Panel'sreviews, furnish to the Bank and GOG a report of its findings,conclusions and recommendations (para 4.22[bl);

(c) By April 1, 1985, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, alist of consultants and/or experts in the areas of, inter alia, qualitycontrol, design or gates and valves and related control equipment,concrete design and placement, steel fabrication and erection, tunnels,rock mechanics including controlled blasting and rock support systemsfor the underground powerhouses, design and installation of largerotating equipment and accessory electrical equipment, operation andmaintenance of dams and spillways and power plants and emergenciesencountered during construction, such as earthquakes and otherunforeseen events which may affect the project (para 4.22[cl);

Cd) Under arrangements satisfactory to the Bank, cause the Project's dams,spillways, by-pass tunnel, weir, powerhouses, channels and relatedstructures and facilities constructed under the project to be peri-odically inspected in accordance with sound engineering practices inorder to determine whether there are any deficiencies in the conditionof such structures, or in the quality and adequacy of maintenance ormethods of operation, which might endanger their safety (para 4.22);

(e) Carry out the planning, design and construction of the project workslocated within its State boundaries and the installation of projectequipment including the turbine-generator units of the RBPH and CEPHand the hydrometeorological network, in accordance witb standards andcriteria acceptable to the Bank (para 4.32);

(f) Maintain an adequate supply of materials including cement and steelneeded to carry out the construction works under the project(para 4.33);

(g) Carry out the project in conformity with appKoV-priate C' tr..ative,financial, engineering, agricultural, envirommental and sociologicalpractices including those portions of the power transmission lineinterties, hydrometeorological network and resettlement and rehabilita-tion components including evaluation and monitoring acrivities that liewithin its state boundaries, and provide the required funds,facilities, staff, services and other resources (para 4.43);

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(h) Maintain the following agencies with the powers, functions, respon-sibilities, membership, staffing, organization and funds required toenable them to adequately undertake tbeir responsibilities (para 6.12):

Ci) The NHPC for the coordination and timely interaction among thevarious departments and agencies of the GOG responsible for carry-ing out the project; and

(ii) The NPG for carrying out planning studies of the Narmada RiverDevelopment program including those required to develop a plan forthe operation and maintenance of the hydroelectric power and waterdelivery ard drainage facilities under the SSP;

(i) Employ consultants and/or experts whose qualifications, experience andterms and conditions of employment shall be satisfactory to the Bank,to be selected in accordance with the Bank's August 1981 guidelines forthe use of consultants, for carrying out (para 6.17):

(i) Within its state boundaries, the overall project design, construc-tion and quality control including computer based data managementand informatiot' systems, the design and construction of undergroundworks including controlled blasting and installation of rock eup-port systems, and the operation and maintenance of the dems,spillways and related equipment and hydropower plants and powersupply systems; and

(ii) In coordination with GOMP and GOM, the establishment, operationand maintenance of a hydrometeorological network for flood warningand the day-to-day operation of the SSP;

(j) baintain within NDD a CPU, headed by a qualified and experiencedofficer, with the powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing,organization and funds required to enable it to carry out its respon-sibilities for procurement of all goods and services needed forimplementation of the SSP (para 6.18);

(k) Establish not later than December 31, 1985, and thereafter maintain,within the NDD, a MISC to be headed by a qualified and experiencedofficer and provide it with such powers, functions, responsibilities,organization, staffing and funds as would be required for monitoring,control and evaluation of the various activities under the SSP (para6.19);

(1) Maintain the NDD, headed by a qualified and experienced officer, withthe powers, functions, responsibilities, organization, staffing andfunds as needed to enable it to carry out its responsibilities for theoverall implementation of the SSP including (para 6.25):

(i) The operation and maintenance of the irrigation and municipal,industrial and domestic water delivery and drainage facilities ofthe SSP;

(ii) The operation and maintenance of Sardar Sarovar dam and spillway,Garudeshwar weir, Vadgam saddle dam, the irrigation bypass tunnel

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and the system of dams and reservoirs and interlinking channels andrelated facilities located between the CHPH and the Narmada maincanal headregulator;

(iii) The supply and distribution of irrigation and municipal, industrialand domestic vater resulting from the SSP; and

(iv) Through an appropriate agency, to be established by December 31,1988, operate and maintain the hydroelectric power component of theSSP, and, in accordance with the NWDT decision, supply hydroelec-tric power to GOG, GOMP and GON resulting from the implementationof such component;

(m) By December 31, 1987, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for itsapproval, an operation and maintenance plan, including the provision offunds, staff and other resources, for the dams, powerhouses, canals andrelated structures and equipment under the project, and thereafter,adopt and implement the approved plan (para 6.25);

Governments of Guiarat (GOG), Madhva Pradesh (GOMP). and Maharasbtra (GON)

8.03 Agreements have been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would:

(a) Carry out in accordance with standards and criteria acceptable to theBank the planning, design and construction, and, by December 31, 1991,or such other date as may be agreed between the Bank and the states,complete within their respective State boundaries, the construction oftransmission lines, sub-stations and other power-related facilitiesrequired for the full integration of the SSP power facilities with thewestern region power grid (para 4.17);

(b) In coordination one with another and with the NC&:

*i) by Dece^ber 31, 1986 prepare and furnish to the Bank, for itsapproval, a final system design for the hydrometeorological networkincluding equipment specifications and construction schedules, and,thereafter, carry out the system design and construction followingapproval (para 4.26[a)D;

(ii) by December 31, 1987 prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its ap-proval, an operation and maintenance plan for the hydrometeorologicalnetwork including the provision of funds, staff and other resour-ces, and, thereafter, adopt and implement the plan as approved(para 4.26[b]);

(iii) by June 30, 1988, have the components of the hydrometeorologicalnetwork located within their respective State boundaries, installedand operational in a manner satisfactory to the Bank (para4.26[c]);

{c) In coordination one with another and the NCA, provide to NCA as neededand in accordance with the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDT deci-sion, the funds, facilities, services and other resources required toenable NCA to assist GOI in:

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Ci) carrying out its responsibilities under the NhDT decision relatedto, inter Alia. the overall operation and maintenance of thebydrometeorological network (para 4.26[d]); and

(ii) carrying out the overall monitoring and evaluation of the resettle-ment and rehabilitation of Sardar Sarovar Dan and Reservoir oustees(para 4.381b][i]).

(d) Adopt and thereafter implement within their respective State bound-aries, a resettlement and rehabilitation plan for the Sardar SarovarDan and Reservoir oustees, satisfactory to the Bank, which wouldinclude the principles and objectives given in Schedule A and theinstitutional arravgewerts provided for in Schedule B(para 4.38)[b][ii];

(e) Within their state boundaries, take all measures necessary to minimizethe risk of malaria, filaria, schistosomiasis and other water-relateddiseases that may result from implementation of the project(para 4.40);

(f) In collaboration one with another, furnish to the Bank for itsapproval, by December 31, 1985, a work plan for the environmentaleffects anticipated regarding implementation of the SSP whicn wouldinclude suitable training programs for responsible staff of the par-ticipating states, including plans, schedules, syllabi and provisionof funds, and studies and implementation therefor, covering fish andfisheries, forest and wildlife, and public health aspects, and, there-after, the participating states should implement the approved work planand training programs (para 4.41);

(g) Acquire all lands and rights needed for carrying out the project andfurnish the Bank promptly with satisfactory evidence that all necessaryland and rights would be available for purposes of implementing theproject (para 4.42);

(h) With respect to those parts of the project which are to be carried outby each state, maintain separate records and accounts for projectexpenditures; ensure that such project accounts are audited annuallyand that copies of such accounts, certified as to their accuracy by anindependent auditor acceptable to the Bank, are submitted to the Banknot later than nine months after the end of each fiscal year; havefinal audits prepared for project accounts for eacb fiscal year by anauditor acceptable to the Bank and forward such audit reports to theBank imediately after their finalization; and, make complete accountsand financial statements available for inspection during Bank reviewmissions (para 5.20);

(i) Maintain the NCA, CAC and NRC each with the functions, respon-sibilities, staffing, funds and membership as may be required to carryout their respective duties (para 6.06);

(j) In collaboration one with another, furnish to the Bank for its approval(para 6.15):

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(i) By December 31, 1985, a suitable training program of resettlementand rebabilitation of the oustees for the responsible staff of GOG,GOMP and GON including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision offunds; and

(ii) By June 30, 1989, a suitable training pro-ram of operation andmaintenance of the facilities under the SSP including plans,schedules, syllabi and provision of funds;

Thereafter, the participating states should implement the above train-ing programs as approved;

(k) Furnish to the Bank semi-annual and annual progress reports, withinthree months after the end of each reporting period, of such scope anddetail as may reasonably be requested by the Bank regarding implementa-tion of the parts of the project for which each state is responsiblewithin its respective boundaries (including power transmission intertielines, hydrometeorological network, resettlement and rehabilitationprogram, -and overall project monitoring and evaluation) (para 6.20);and

(1) Furnish to the Bank within six months after project completion, areport of such scope and detail as may reasonably be requested by theBank covering the parts of the project for which each state is respon-sible within its respective boundaries regarding execution and initialoperations, and costs, expenditures and benefits to be derived ;ara6.20);

(m) Require the project's facilities to be efficiently maintained and thevehicles and equipment to be efficiently operated and maintained andall necessary repairs and renewals made, in accordance with soundengineering and financial practices (para 6.23);

Cn) By a date not later than six months before the commissioning of thefirst turbine-generator unit under either the RBPH or the CHPH, enterinto contracts, satisfactory to the Bank with appropriate electricutility organizations for the bulk supply and sale of electricitygenerated under the project including bulk supply contracts with eachstate containing provisions for pricing power at levels which wouldrecover all investment costs and full 0&M costs and would produce asatisfactory internal rate of return to project investments over thelife of the assets (para 6.29);

Governments of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) and Nabarashtra (GOM)

8.04 Agreements have been reached with GOMP and GOM that they would:

(a) Carry out in coordination one with another and with GOG and NCA, theconstruction, procurement, installation, operation and maintenance ofthe hydrometeorological network in conformity with appropriateadministrative, financial and engineering practices, and provide asneeded, the funds, facilities, staffing, services and other resourcesrequired for such purposes (para 4.26);

-69-

(b) Assist the GOG in implementing the project including the provision offunds, facilities, services and other resources as needed and inaccordance with the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDT decision(para 5.12);

(c) Employ, in coordination one with another and with GOG, for implementa-tion of the hydrometeorological network within their respective Stateboundaries, consultants and/or experts whose qualifications, experienceand terms and conditions would be satisfactory to the Bank and would beselected in accordance with principleE and procedures of the Bank'sAugust 1981 "Guidelines for the Use of Consultants by World Bank Bor-rowers and by the World Bank as Executing Agency" (para 6.17);

Recommendat ion

8.04 The proposed project is suitable for an IBRD loan of US$200.0 M and anIDA credit of US$100 M (SDR 99.7 M equivalent).

Conditions of Effectiveness

8.05 As a condition of effectiveness, a legal opinion on behalf of GOG, GOMPand GOM would be provided to the Bank indicating that all the necessary govern-mental actions have been taken for adopting and thereafter implementing a plansatisfactory to the Bank for resettlement and rehabilitation of all persons whowould be displaced (oustees) as a consequence of the project, in accordancewith the decisions of the NWDT and with the principles, objectives and institu-tional, monitoring and evaluation requirements referred to in Schedules A and B(para 4.38).

8.06 The effectiveness of the IBRD loan and/or IDA credit for the SardarSarovar Dam and Power Project would be dependent upon the concurrent effective-uess of the LDA credit for Water Delivery and Drainage Project (para 5.13).

8.07 The effectiveness of the TDA credit for the Sardar Sarovar Dam andPower Project would be dependent upon the effectiveness of the IBRD loan agree-ment for the same project (para 5.13).

Schedule A-70- Pae 1

INDIA

SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND POWER PROJECT

Resettlement and Rehabilitation

1. The project's oustees from the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh andNaharashtra will be relocated and rehabilitated in accordance with the provi-sions of the WDT decisions and the following-principles and objectives:

(a) The main objectives of the plan for resettlemeot and rehabilitationof the oustees are to ensure that the oustees will promptly aftertheir displacement:

(i) improve or at least regain the standard of living they wereenjoying prior to their displacement;

(ii) be relocated as village units, village sections or families inaccordance with the oustees' preference;

(iii) be fully integrated in the community to which they are resettled,and

Civ) be provided with appropriate compensation and adequate socialand physical rehabilitation infrastructure, including communityservices and facilities.

(b) The plan for resettlement and rehabilitation of the oustees willensure adequate participation by the oustees.

(c) Each landed oustee shall be entitled to and allotted irrigable landin the state (Gujarat, MP or Naharashtra) in which he chooses toresettle, of equal size to that which he owned prior to his resettle-ment, subject to the applicable land ceiling laws, acceptable to him;provided, however, that in those cases where the oustee owned lessthan 2 ha of land, such oustee shall be entitled to at least 2 ba ofirrigable land, acceptable to him.

(d) Each landless oustee will be rehabilitated in the agricultural ornonagricultural sectors, as the case may be, and shall be entitled tostable means of livelihood in accordance with the objectives setforth in paragraph (a) of this schedule.

-71- Schedule APare 2

(e) The level of compensation for land, irrigable and otherwise, to bepaid to landed oustees vill be based on the current market value ofland of equivalent size, location and comparable quality in areasprovided for and acceptable to each oustee.

(f) Where irrigable land is allocated to a landed oustee in lieu of landpreviously owned by such oustee, 50% of the cash compensation towhich such oustee is entitled shall be applied towards the cost ofthe allocated land, subject to a maximum of the value of the landallotted, and the balance of the cost of such allotted land shallbe treated by the state (Gujarat, MP or Maharashtra) where theallotted land land is located, as an interest-free loam repayableover 20 years.

(g) In no case shall cash payments be made in substitution for actualrehabilitation. Cash payments shall be restricted to such transac-tions as mandated by the NRDT decision.

-72-

Schedule BPase 1

INDIA

SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT

Institutional.-Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangtements forResettlement and Rehabilitation

1. Gujarat shall:

(a) maintain the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Wing, within the NarmadaDevelopment Department, respoasible for planning, coordinating andimplementing the resettlement and rehabilitation of the oustees, asthe case may be, within Gujarat's State boundaries pursuant to theprovisions of the NWDT decision and the objectives and principlesgiven in Schedule A; therefore, such Wing is to be headed by aqualified and experienced officer and assigned with such powers,functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds as would be requiredto enable it to accomplish its purposes;

(b) commencing on March 31, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1985,employ suitable research institutions, satisfactory to the Bank, forpurposes of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the planfor R&R of the oustees within Gujarat's State boundaries, suchresearch institutions to prepare and furnish to the Narmada Develop-ment Department semi-annual and annual reports of their findings andrecon endations. Further, Gujarat will take into account such find-ings and recommendations in the implementation of the plan for R&R ofthe oustees;

(c) commencing on September 30, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995,prepare and furnish to GOI and the Bank semi-annual and annualreports on the implementation of the of the plan for R&R of theoustees, which reports will include those reports of the researchinstitutions provided for in paragraph (b) of this Schedule. Suchreports sha]l be furnished within three months after the end of eachreporting period; and

(d) by March 31, 1985, establish and, thereafter, maintain a committeefor purposes of advising the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Wingof the Narmada Development Department with regard to the implementa-tion of the plan for R&R of the oustees, such committee to be headedby a qualified and experienced officer and include in its membershiprepresentatives of Gujarat's social science research institutions,oustees interest groups, including non-governmental social workersand welfare organizations from Gujarat, and of the oustees relocated

.73. Schedule BPate 2

within Gujarat's State boundaries. Such committee will be assigned,at all times, with such functions, responsibilities, staffing andfunds as would be required to enable it to accomplish its purposes.

2. Madhya Pradesh shall:

(e) maintain the Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Cell, within theNarDada Planning Agency, responsible for planning, coordinating andimplementing the R&R of the oustees, as the case may be, within MP sstate boundaries in accordance with the provisions of the NWDT deci-sion and the objectives and principles set forth or referred to inSchedule A; therefore, such Cell is to be headed by a qualified andexperienced officer and assigned, at all times, with such powers,functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds as would be berequired to enable it to accomplish its purposes;

(f) commencing on March 31, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995,employ suitable research institutions, satisfactory to the Bank, forpurposes of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the planfor R&R of the oustees within MP's State boundaries, such researchinstitutions to prepare and furnish to the Narmada Planning Agencysemi-annual and annual reports of their findings and recommendations.Further, HP will take into account such findings and recommendationsin the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees;

Cg) commencing on September 30, 19b5 and thereafter until March 31, 1995,prepare and furnish to the GOI and the Bank semi-annual and annualreports on the implementation of the plan for R&R of Lhe oustees,which reports will include those reports of the research institutionsprovided for in paragraph (f) of this Schedule. Such reports shallbe furnished within three montbs after the end of each reportingperiod; and

(h) by March 31, 1985, establish and, thereafter, maintain a committeefor purposes of advising the Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Cellvith regard to the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees,such committees to be headed by a qualified and experienced officersand include in its membership representatives of MP' s social scienceresearch institutions, oustees' interest groups, includingnon-governmental social workers and welfare organizations from MP,and of the oustees relocated within MP's State boundaries. Suchcommittee will be assigned, at all tines, with such functions,responsibilities, staffing and funds as would be required to enableit to accomplish its purposes.

3. Maharashtra shall:

(i) maintain the barmada Development Division within its IrrigationDepartment, responsible for planning, coordinating and implementingthe R&R of the oustees, as the case may be, within Maharashtras

-74 Schedule BP^ge -3

State boundaries in accordance with the provisions of the NWDT deci-sion and the objectives and principles set fortb or referred to inSchedule A; therefore, such Cell is to be headed by a qualified andexperienced officer and assigned, with such powers, functions,responsibilities, staffing and funds As would be be required toenable it to accomplish its purposes;

(j) comencing on March 31, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995,employ suitable research institutions, satisfactory to the Bank, forpurposes of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the planfor R&R of the oustees within Maharasbera's State boundaries, suchresearch institutions to prepare and f-rnish to the Narmada Develop-ment Division semi-annual and annual reports of their findings andrecommendations. Further, Maharashtra will take into account suchfindings and recommendations in the implementation of the plan forR&R of the oustees;

(k) commencing on September 30, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995,prepare and furnish to the GOI and the Bank semi-annual and annualreports on the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees,which reports shall include those reports of the research institu-tions provided for in paragraph (j) of this Schedule. Such reportsshall be furnished within three months after the end of each report-ing period; and

(1) by March 31, 1985, establish and, thereafter, maintain committeesfor purposes of advising the Narmada Development Division with regardto the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees, such com-mittees to be headed by a qualified and experienced officers andinclude in its membership representatives of Maharashtra's socialscience research institutions, oustees' interest groups, includingnon-governmental social workers and welfare organizations fromMaharashtra, and of the oustees relocated within Maharashtra's Stateboundaries. Such committee will be assigned, at all times, with suchfunctions, responsibilities, staffing and funds ad would be requiredto enable it to accomplish its purposes.

-75-

Table 1Page 1

IN~DIA

IARMADA RIVER DEVELOPENT- GUJARAT

SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT

Implementation Goals and Objectives

Date Goal

1. Jun 85 Award main dam and RBPH civil works

2. Jun 85 Award first of 4 reaches of main canal up toMahi River

3. Jun 85 Complete dam foundation work and concrete tostreambed elevation

4. Nov 85 Award first reach of a major branch

5. Dec 85 Award supply contract for REPR turbine/generator sets

6. Dec 85 Complete ongoing dikes and ponds works

7. Jan 86 Award supply contract for CEPH turbine/generator sets

8. Apr t6 Award CEPH civil works, including Vadgam Saddle Dam

9. Jul 86 Award irrigation bypass tunnel

10. Apr 87 Award Garudeshwar Weir and pumpback storage

11. Jul 87 Award first reach of major surface drains

12. Dec 88 Complete RBPR mining excavation

13. Dec 88 Initiate command area development

14. Apr b9 Complete RBPR Ist stage concrete

15. May 90 Complete irrigation bypass tunnel

16. Oct 90 Complete CEPH civil works and Vadgam Saddle Dam

17. Oct 91 Complete Gsrudeshwar Weir and pumpback storage

-76- Table 1

Page 2

18. May 92 Complete main canal and major structures toMiyagam branch turnout

19. May 92 Complete dam concrete placemeat above EL 91.46 m(irrigation diversions begin)

20. Jun 92 Deliver water to distribution network for172,000 ha (Miyagam branch)

21. Jun 92 Complete high voltage intertie

22. Aug 92 Commission first T/G sets at CHPH

23. Oct 92 Commission first T/G sets at RBPH

24. Jun 93 Deliver water to Vadodara branch

25. Jun 93 Complete main canal and structures to Mahi River

26. Oct 93 Initiate service and arterial roads

27. Dec 93 Commission fifth T/G set at GEPH

28. Jul 94 Commission sixth TIG set at MBPH

29. Jul 94 Complete dam and spillway to top with gates (EL 146.5 m)

30. Oct 94 Complete distribution network ro Mahi River(430,'00 ha)

31. Jun 95 Install first agency conjunctive use wells

32. Dcc 96 Complete main canal to Rajasthan border

33. May 99 Complete Saurashtra branch pump and hydroelectricplants

34. Jun 99 Deliver water to Saurashtra branch

35. May 00 Deliver water to Kutch branch

36. Jun 00 Complete distribution network to mainlandGujarat command

37. Apr 06 Complete command area development

38. Jun 06 Conjunctive use system fully operational

39. Jun 06 Project completely served including agency wells forfull groundwater development

-77-

- ~~~~~Table 2Page 1

INDIA

SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND) POWER COMPLEX

Salient Technical Features

FacilitylFeature Description

1. Sardar Sarovar Dam

(a) Location Narmada River near Navagamvillage (210 50' NLat x 730 45' E Long)

(b) Type Concrete gravity

Cc) Volume (Total) 6,000 NMass concrete 5,500 Nm3Structural concrete 500 Nm3

Cd) Top of damElevation 146.50 aLength 1210.00 mWidth (top) 9.14 m

Ce) Freeboard 6.29 m

Cf) Height of dam 128.50 a (from top of fault plug)157.50 m (from bottom of

fault excavation)2. Spillway

(a) Type Ogee crest(s)(1) Service sp.illway with 23 -18.3 x 16.7 a

sloping apron stilling basin Radial gates(2) Auxiliary (& emergency) with 7 - 18.3 x 18.3 a

chute/flip-bucket Radial gates

(b) Crest length(1) Service spillway 524.3 m(2) Auxiliary 161.0 a(3) Total crest 749.6 a

(c) Crest elevation 121.92 m

-78-

Table 2Page 2

(d) Capacity

(1) Service design (1000-yr flood) 87,000 cumecs(2) Service and auxiliary (P.M.F aI 171,000 cumecs

without overtopping dan)

3. Outlet Works

(a) Irrigation bypass tunnel (Intake located 350 m upstreamon right reservoir rim)

(1) Iavert elevation (reservoir side) 86.9 m(2) Diameter (twin tunnels) 6.4 m

(b) Construction sluices (Temporary)

(1) Set no. 1 (invert elevation 18.0 H)- Description 10 - 2.75 x 2.15 a

Rectangular boxes

(2) Set no. 2 (invert elevation 35.0 n)- Description 8 - 2.75 x 2.15 a

Rectangular boxes(c) Emergency outlets

- Invert elevation 60.0 a- Description 4 - 3.05 x 2.74 m

Rectangular boxes- Discharge (FRL) 300 cumecs

4. Riverbed Powerhouse Underground (23 x 58 x 211 amachine hall)

(a) Location/Description Cavern/right abutment(b) Type units Reversible turbine-generators(c) Unit capacities 6 x 200 MW Units(d) Total plant capacity 1200 MN(e) Penstocks

- Invert elevation 97.5 n- Diameter (6 each) 7.62 a- Combined discharge (maximum) 1000 cumecs

1J Probable mazimum flood

-79-

Table 2Page 3

5. Canalhead Powerhouse

(a) Location/Description Right rim of reservoir800 n upstream of main damaxis/surface powerhouse(32 x 141 m)-intakes formedby Vadgam Saddle Dam

(b) Type units Conventional turbine-generators (Kaplan)

(c) Unit capacities (5) 50 KW

(d) Total plant cuapacity 250 MW

(e) Penstocks (5)

- Invert elevation 90.0 m- Diameter (each) 6.7 m

6. Reservoir

(a) Hydrology

- Total catchment 89,000 sq. km.- Average annual rainfall 1,214 m- Maximum annual rainfall 1,270 ami- Minimum annual rainfall 760 am- Runoff at 50% dependability 45,000 imr- Runoff at 75Z dependability 35,200 Nr.- Runoff at 90X dependability 26,500 Nm3- Spillvay design flood (1000-year)

Peak discharge (inflow) 101,700 cumecsPeak discharge (outflow) 87,300 cu ecsFlood volume (inflow) 16,410 MmMaximum water surface (routed) 139.7 m

- Probable -mximum floodPeak discharge (inflow) 171,000 cum6csPeak discharge (outflow) 132,000 cu ecsFlood volume (inflow) 33,600 MmMaximum water surface (routed) 144.3 m

(b) Storage

- Maximnm water level (MWL) 140.2 i- Full reservoir level (FlL) 138.7 m- Minimum drawdown level (MDDL)

-80-

Table 2Page 4

Power operation 110.6 mIrrigation operation 93.6m 3

- Gross storage (FRL) 9,500 Mm- Dead storage (HDDL)

Pover (MDDL 110.6 m) 3,700 3Irrigation (MDDL 93.6 a) 2,100 Mm

- Live storage (FRL)

Power (CDDL 110.6 n) 5,800 3m3Irrigation (NDDL 93.6 a) 7,400 Mm

(c) Submergence data (FRL)

- Forest lavd 6,273 ha- Cultivable land 12,141 ha- Other land 18.616 ha

Total 37,030 ha

- Affected villages & population 1J Villares Families

. Madhya Pradesh 180 7,500

. Maharashtra 36 1,358

. Gujarat 19 1.900

Totals 235 10,758

7. Garudeshwar Weir (pumpback storage) 2J

(a) Location 18 km below main dam axis(b) Maximum water level (MWL) 30.0 i(c) Maximum live capacity at MWL. 26 Mm(d) Minimum tailvater for pump/storage operation 25.9 m

1J Preliminary estimate up to MWL (140.2) - develcpment of final resettlement plandata is expected to increase these figures significantly.

2J Facilitates sumped-storage mode of operation of the RBPE for a 7-hour pump and5-hour generation cycle.

-81-

Table 2Page 5

8. Vadgam Saddle Dam 1J

(a) Location Right rim of mainreservoir 800 mupstream from maindam axis near Vadgamvillage

(b) Type of structure Stone masonry dam(c) Dam height 60 m

9. Canalhead Reservoirs and Dams

(a) Dams

(1) Type Earth and rockfill withcore and filter zones andcutoffs tc bedrock

3(2) Total embankment volume (4 dams) 5.4 Mm

(3) Maximum height (dam No. 3) 54.6 m

(4) Spillway on dam no. 3 (combined)

Type Stone-sasonry; chuteDesign discharge 640 cumecs

(b) Interlink channels

Overall side slopes 0.5 H to 1.0 VMaximum depth of cut 100 mDesign discharge 1,133 cumecs

(c) Storage

Maximum reservoir (pond) level 95.1 mMinimum reservoir (pond) level 92.1 mActive storage (EL 95.1 to 92.1) 13.0 m33Gross storage (EL 95.1) C- 3 Mm

(d) Submergence (EL 95.1) 773 ha

(e) Catcbment 4460 ha

1J Facilitates structural support for CHPH intakes and penstock arrangements.

-82-

Ta -le 3

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT

Material Requirements

Annual Cement Requirements(Metric Tonnes)

Year Main Dam Hydro-Power Main Canal Dist. Systems Grand Total

1981-82 12,545 - - 12,5451982-83 10,300 - - 10,3001983-84 10,044 - - - 10,0441984-85 11,020 - - 18,300 29,3201985-86 8,440 - 63,300 49,050 120,7901986-87 186,980 - 135,100 112,700 434,7801987-88 196,330 16,000 170,400 169,700 552,4301988-89 196,330 40,000 170,400 210,150 616,8801989-90 196,330 48,000 205,400 231,400 681,1301990-91 196,330 16,000 197,900 236,050 646,2801991-92 196,330 34,000 191,000 247,200 668,5301992-93 86,390 5,000 199,850 332,500 623,7401993-94 - 2,000 192,150 460,350 654,5001994-95 - - 195,250 468,350 663,6001995-96 - - 138,800 456,550 595,3501996-97 - - 70,700 456,550 527,2501997-98 - - - 226,400 226,4001998-99 - - - 131,300 131,300

TOTALS 1,307,369 1J 161,000 1,930,250 3,806,550 7,205,169

1J As presented in the Sardar Sare--= Project, "Construction Program forRead Works (Unit I),." by -yrmada Project Read Works Circle Vadodara,November 1983 which is consistent with the p.-oposed 7.1 Mmconcrete gravity dam.

-83-

Table 4

INDA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOEMENT - GUJARAT

Material Reguirements

Annual Steel Requirements(Metric Tonnes)

Year Main Dam Hydro-Power Main Canal Dist. System Grand Total

1981-82 1,635 - 1,6351982-83 460 - 4601983-84 200 - 2001984-85 200 - - 218 4181985-86 380 - 1,200 498 2,0781986-87 7,740 - 7.600 743 16,0831987-88 8,220 1,800 12,000 1,289 23,3091988-89 8,220 4,400 12,000 1,804 26,4241989-90 7,915 5,900 17,600 2,005 33,4201990-91 4,800 3,709 16,400 1,936 26,8451991-92 4,320 600 15,200 2,140 22,2601992-93 1,900 200 14,000 2,928 19,0281993-94 - - 14,400 3,918 18,3181994-95 - - 14,800 3,918 18,7181995-96 - - 11,600 3,535 15,1351996-97 - - 6,800 3,535 10,3351997-98 - - - 1,577 1,5771998-99 - - - 915 915

TOTALS 45,990 1J 16,609 143,600 30,959 237,158

1J Includes 30 radial crest gates as presented in the Sardar Sarovar Project,"Construction Program for Head Works (Unit I)," by Narmada Project ReadWorks gircle, Vadodara, November 1983, consistent with the proposed7.1 Mm, gravity dam.

inW 110 lEWIIEu - 3UJ*Aom~ SK ~I V ilA Pat MlCT

FAIN 96htalte Cost T1ab

Cots r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~vetmwets

UM/0l mu C nm nM nne o. Im TnnJ n4 Total -, - --- Cennnns rot, tMs mntc34/35 35/36 36/3737/SI 36/39 P/9090/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Total 3e wrr s 4/fl " 3/37 P /r /0 W3/90 90/91 93/92 92/9S 93/94 Total Rale r:i,. Tm Rate Accoat

1. I 1n1To cl

A. 11 a :n wIu - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0*2 6 0.05 9I

g1m63 33363S3U - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.15 0.o3 o

rU liUI EAVATI 45.5 "9 ,10.2 - 244,6 - 5.7 127.4 164.7 - - - 0. .135 ol$ 0,05 t1`1111 1 .ATNT 6Y., loll-30. - - 3,5 1391 - - - - - . - 6.6 015 0,15 0405 co5jUl36O l Sl 0l3l133 - 3.0 9.1 5,2-@ - - - - -222.4 - 10.7 133 6.3 - - - - - - 32.4 0.2 0. 0.e5 Cw

IJLT NO - - 3360 37,5 45.0 4J5, 40 405.0 171.6 - 25612.2 - - 511.3 sn.5 SW2 64.4 7. 735,737.2 - 4,290. * 0. 0.05 e

StUICTK 1 -T0l3.0V 47.5 136.2 170.6 159.0 3.5 I.0 - 623J7 - - 133 212.4 216,1 21.3 2n9.1 171.6 39.0 - 1.3.2 1 0.4 0.5 1TM 1TM.- 3_.0 34,7 34.7 34.7 34.7 17. 5.9 - 393.0 * - 5 50. 54.7 59.2 64.0 34.2 12.4 - 31. 0.3 02 .5 o

9INO1E 1-91 - 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.4 0.5 - 14.2 3 - 1.6 4.1 4.5 4. 5.3 3.1 1.1 - 26.5 0.25 0.15 *.e ONFAIICATII U WIA BAVS - - 23,6 27.3 27. 20.3 10.2 3.4 - - lol.l ? - 191 41*4 449 3A.5 19.3 7. - - la.e 0.35 0.06 0.05 CeIUTfmilAWIU WAl TS - - - - - - --. 3 11.4 1.o0 36.2 - - - 23.5 23.9 400 77.3 O.2 0.15 0.0 eV1gm 1 1 l 2M5. 20.0 20.6 316 26. 39.3 31.6 7 46,7 35.3 591.0 341.4 25.3 26.3 4.1 46.9 17.2 61.2 33.7 106.3 U333 934.3 *IS' 0*I5 0.05 ca

h-dsl C11T5113 355. 93316 434.S 754.4 6U.0 6f,9 643n.01 571.1 264.0 53.1 468.0 424.9 301.3 173.3 3,013.3 2O000.3 3,344.4 13173,7 13115.9 :5.3 123.3 7,623,1co UtiUSl - 39.6 39.-- - - - 79.1 - -3-6 5132 l-3.s 0.35 0.05 n

o [NIaaII 2.4 3.4 3,4 233 t23, 3s3 I6.7 l6,3 t.s to7 ? . 3.2 0 IIJ 122,3 727 3.11 33, 33,7 36.4 1395 6.6 2264M 0,2 0.35 O.0 *to CI3ICTII 137. le - - - - -- 23,9 21,2 15. - -9 - - - - - 37.2 0.2 3.15 0.05 coFe @ra tIFn n Cuts W7 103 l30l 23.3 23,31 23,3 21, 22.6 23 3,9 157.1 96 14.5 35.3 37.0 40.2 43.5 43.6 46.7 24.7 9.4 M.o 0.2 025 0.05 EicI. 0(1UMt2 I MIUNIMIIM 30.4 l3.e 56.4 2i2 52.7 55.7 53.2 47.4 22.0 4.6 .4 31,7 l3.2 69.2 82.3 76.2 7. 90.4 364 425 9. 56.W3 0 0 0 E

Tota f am11 413.5 146,1 7M. 9579 ?.I 776.0 345 656, ,3 65 0 5,49,2 49.s 237,0 1343 1,250. l4.47i 12.339 1443,5 1fMA4 637.l 36,7 ,318,6_ 8=33 3331 93n" c3st 3 mm _ Same s83 83 3331138 w311 "1=3 "33s3e pr *rs rrs I *3r3puern rr13.2 one" 3 _

ftol 413.5 ful. 773.0 5.9 7J M. 73,5 66.9 3 Me3 65,0 5,9,2 MIS 217.0 1s34#3 1,250.4 147 lt, 32f9it 24343 1,23.4 6. 1067 113W._ memo_som _ 3 *3e _ 1 1rr 33rr-_: ra s rW r3 3 1.3 31133 3333 .3313 313r m3 M= _ 33333

1/ Includes advance payment on main contract of about Rs 230 2 plum fabrication and delivery of gates, valves and mechanicalequinr.ent other than r.%dinl crest gate. at an eatimated base cost of Rs 110 H.

Jhoar 1S IM 137334

W-I -tI 3VM -FURFRZEmarfnL mm I LINK OVW6IS

hiel led Cost Table

DMo Costs Toable 5hIncuiri Cant5tk.mieuIRS HiflimI (RS NHllian)Flv

3A/ 35/636/737/33OM6/3931 /1010/1 IM19219/3 3/14 Total 84/0 U ~ 36/87 67/36 88/9 89/90 10/91 91/92 9211 93/94 Total Rota, Cxch. TagRitat h.mtam2a22 =322 9222a IZm.I naga z XXVV ma, z*ga at,, rV222 gagII, M.ft-. V,,XW mu.r &-n;. ra-aMZ ama: Vegmas guar."maszar mauss "am gmat reacting a

As CUIUIITION

MUhUATON MAYAIIN l.t 2.4 - - - - - - - -3.5 W, 2.1 - - 4.2 Oil 0.15 0.05 co*IuLLI a JIINS 0.3 .- 0.3 0.4 - - - - 0.4 0.5 0.55 0.05 cmEAMIWILL 5.7 51.1 - - - - 16.3 6.5 13.3 .- 20.3 0il 0.55 0. 05 CMROLOILL I FAdE M - - - -,6-.32.3 0,6 2.3…- - - -3.5 0.l 0.25 0.05 cv

lbTotal ITRS 7.7 155,.3…. . . . .23.5 U ltS - - - -.3 -.523.32. UPILLimT

OCAWIIC oil 0.2-.. . . . . . .0.3 0.l 0,31… - - - -0.4 eel o,15 0."5 CU 00WAN s1u5im 0.1 0.1 - - - - - - - -0.2 0,2 V - - - -0,203 0.f 0,25 0.051 cU

Cust[ FAdIE 0.5 0.3…0.5 - - - ' 0.5 0,4…-- - - - - - -0.6 oil 0.l5 0.05 CUam 20 SDl 0,7 2S7…-3.4 Oil 3.4… 4.1 0.5 0,55 0.05 eV

lbTubl IP1EVAY, 344,4 1,2 442…-5.43. LIER OWIES

E1WT1U 57,1 33,1-55.919il5 40.0 - -67.5 0.5 0.l5 0.05 IVTNUFfTATJU 0tt fly…2,3 0ld 2.1…- -- 2.1 0.5 0.55 0.0 cUOWlSL FActis 1.3 3,1…4.3 1.4 3.8… -- 5.2 0il 0,55 0.05 cU

MAb-Total LIM CIWIELS Ile? 43,7-62. 21.6 53.1-75,5

&b-Total CVPVRITIIN 27.6 62,?-90s 31.6 fl,6-509.2It DhILIlI I.5 3.5…4.2 1,3 3.3…3.1 0.5 0,25 0.05 MIC. EIFNTh l 0. 5-2.4 0.7 2.3-2.1 0.5 0s3 0,J ElIs EUI3UICAIIUI 0.3 0.6…0.9 0,4 0o?…5.1 O.5 0,3 0.5 cotoO. CIER rnam OSTS Os? M, 2-3.4 0.1 3.4-4,2 0,5 0,2 0.05 DieF, INOIN RI AbIuhINuATuIat 2,4 5,5-7? 2.5 6,3-3o7 0 0.05 0 cA

Total INK3TET COITS 32,7 76.6…509.4 37. 94,0…232,2aM. m mammmme,gmmamaa..ainmmmast n.maV.ra, Mil a. ow mua.mam Vgmas Vessel saava mt_a cum" a

TOtal 32.7 76.6-594 37,2 94.0…535.2-mII mu. g.mmm. mamma mamum mmmm vmu.. urosm mumr maw- fat a.. ra- mamaw maman a . smem =mum rarm mew -rmg marma

CH

M IM 17116~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

M WIIVA U AOiNt - MT

USxn ini mn NMi

k4.iIl oi IA.!.^1W4411A testib

las. Costs ulTtah IltdI ti i,UnlnminIN llillim) I milllion? i9.__,___._ .. . .............. _._ . . _...... . ........ ......... .... .........-.. .------------ .--- ne Fr# $M &Mrnsvu

64/35 NM i3 1/ 11/ 9n n H / 9I IIM 921J 91914 Total 34A5 M/ U MAY 7/1 119 19/ 15 911/911 1M 92/13 93mM Total laic [a. tax ie kumt8.4 see 24111 as". "a.t s"l meet ag" ,8 IrfW r"sa @sm,j wCCSr" Smr" sogmg pat *wMrre ""r-r"ra l aal: 6"9 war 88111 *roo o-ls, W-82= gags--=

I. IMwinD LulA. CIVIL MS

CIVIL VW - 3i3l,411.2 353.1 I3.3 3.6 112.3 *.1 - -I.0 237. 224.4 21.6 12.0 13.2 211.1 16.5 - -2t241.4 0.15 t,l 0 in........... ........ ... .. _... ... _ ..... _...... ___. _._____

hT id CIVIL MS -13.4 161.2 15331 304. 110.1112.1 .2 - - 0W.0 -237.6 224.4 231.6 172.0 143.2 216.1 16.5 -1,241.49. iUiPIEIi

0'.Ir E - m - - 1.5 5n9.5 51.5 19.4 1139.9 39. 29715 - 31.1 15.6 42 1.4 I02 1,220.9 225.1 173.9 4.7113.1 0.05 O5 0.42 ToM r t_MrW . . . 22.1 - 176.4 - I.2 - - M2'5 - - . 29.6 - 2171. - 39.0 - - 345,7 0f 1.32 0.U ITr31M1 IUIPIUI - . - 74. 41.6 22.4 3.7 24 - -147 - - -202.5 7.6 36.1 323.2 21.6 - - 1.1570 0.O5 0.3 0.3 DE.._.___.___._........._ . _ ... .... ... __ ..... _ .... _. _ ._ ... .... _._ ......... _ ..... _.__________

bTsI lUI hI2I 9 .M - 96.7 13.415 713 73*2 726,4 111.9 Sl.9 564 - 331.9 - 132.1 11543.2 11254.5 14324.7 13207.5 225.1 173.9 62M5.9C.NlEIUIU MS AmlIHIIIIAlII - 38.3 122. 20.6 92.2 70.3 712.9 r 9.6 7,2 331.7 - 40 15. 26.6 133,2 110.2 122.3 10. 13.5 14.7 592.11 * * (Atotal INIIIIEI CIii - 524.0 11.1 29,9 12445 941.2 1.0 793, 229.5 17.1 S5,2.4 - 213. 20.2 390.4 1343.4 1 5071. 16143.2 M11.13 243.693.7 ,l13e,9

Tolll - 524.0 174,1 269.9 1.244,5 94942 / .0 2 .75 1 5,152 4 -W6235 240.2 30.4 1,41.4 1,507.3 3643.2 1W4i1.1 2436 19l37 3ill.s3 833 Oman 33sas83 s3a3 3w room3* 3* .33 3333* 83.. -- n.3*w r-rrr -' 3 W.1's -r. a* ... me 7-3* 8j1231 -** STaS, 182

Jaar, 15 IM5 17117

IM

I am RKLOW EtA -s UnV SV - n me ""CT

kbulld Cost t*lr

hi c"ts Cm Talust lIr Iudlr tCn enreis . ........ .(IS million) IRS HlillidnI PIn

e4/ns / 5u/3 11/U U /if 3/90/ f 19/2 92/93 93/94 Tudal 04/35 351 U/S7 17/U0t/1f 11/T0 11/1I 91/l 92/93 93/4 Toal late [m fix eage AaUIImagma uusia mamma amman mama 33333 38333 83333 mussS aims. amaa ama mci magma tsass macas assas amiss sans twae- OtS Tos m--i. mas.s *r*S . wSgmg

I, IIPRSIIEI LUSIS__ ...... .

A. CIVIL 5 - -M5.0 92.9t 134, 0.1 65.0 - - - 1444 - - 145 144.4 2ftS Ilt, 130 - - - 1.0 0.2 0.3 e cvle E,NIECRIK AO AIISNISrtaTIu - - 5.2 7.4 10.6 e.5 5.2 - - 3n.2 - - &.4 9.9 55.4 13.4 t.9 - - - 5q.1 0 0 0 IA

total IMSIEINI CosIs - - 70.2 100.4 145 11554 10.2 - - - 5el l - - 109 151.5 244.4 211.41t.L - - - CIO0iSXs SgSts SanSt m8gaS 2ams maYma s mai. S R-r *rai 2: sigma amass 22am ass m4a3u-r 3 ? Eis arW r*23 c s,n rcn cs- 4

Tautr - - 10,2 100.4 145.5 115,4 70.2 - - - 501.1 - -£00. 154.5 246.4 211.4 133.3 - - -54.0 1mists annas maimts aSris mcis sgats igiss- Sit g8a3s iitts gamma gaaag ae 3j35 wrrr its: mar- ream cas _a * =-n

_._._. ._ . .. . .................. . ........... ..---- - -- - ------------- - - ---- - - ----- - - - --- - ---------- - ------- ---------....- _-

.Iawt 130 Im l71JI

6

co

1336AMA RIVER DELOPENT - WUMAISiWA Sews Ccl NIO MU MUCT

CtlW 1hS POWE HOUSDetailed tost tblle

Parreterspast Costs Tfitals -l-------- Can -iis…-----(RS NIllim)l IRS Mll1ion M..

. ............................................. -- - -_ --- ------------------ Canl. Fuer. Mt ur8l/l ss13r6 U3/7 87/N f/8 89/90 0/fl 1/f2 2/13 93/f1 Total t/Si' ISU U/17 37/36 fl/fl eS/90 N/fl 11/12 92/93 93/14 total fats Exch. tax Ealt kcmmt

:22222 222Z 22:S V::::: s:::: :.:: ::::s ::r r :rr:: :.?::=:: 2:::: ::::- :r: ::rr- :; r -r::::::= -=:=: rz::r __: * asaar.- g

I.1, TE13" COlST

A. CIVIL $S

CIVIL MIIS l3.3 20.9 62,7 9., 3J I, - - - - 190.0 15.9 27, 0 Not No7 53.4 3.4 - - - - 275 0-15 0. 0.12 CV... ... _......... ............ . .... ........... . ........ ........... ...... ....... -. ---- --- ------- -----.. ---- ----- -- -. - -- __ -..---.. --- - __ - -- _ - -

S31lo3al CIVIL CMI 13.3 20.9 62.? 5.9 32.3 1.9 - - - - 10.0 15. 27.0 6.0 39.7 I3.4 .4 - - - - 2n.51, EOUIPIENIII

IUP O KMRAIES - 63.6 - - 127.3 127.3 121.3 146.3 25.5 19.1 66 - 74.9 - - 1916 207.6 224.4 274. 509 0.5 1165.1 0.ff 0.15 0.12 ToMAINIIRANMOYMR5 - - - 3.7 - 29.2 - 3.7 - 36.5 - - - 53 - 41.3 - 6.9 - - 59.3 0.05 0.1 0.12 IfOIHKI WUJIMlIN - - - 3171 45.2 46.4 .5 - - 111. 24.6 67,6 15.0 16.6 -- - 3,3.7 0.05 0.3 0.12 1f

..... .... ... ..... . .. . .. .. _ ..... .. ... ._. ... ..... .... ... ... __. __. _ .___

StAS-Tuh IUlPICP - 63.6 - 23.5 172.4 201.3 136. e150.0 25.5 1p.1 791.7 - 749 - 29.6 A.?32i3J.3 240.9 22. 50.9 0.5 1309.2C. EIISIIEINi6 Alt AMINISIEAtlOII 1.1 6.3 5.0 6.4 16.4 16.4 30.9 32.0 2.0 3.5 7ss5 3.3 7.6 6.2 3.1 23.7 rh.7 11.4 213. 3.9 3.1 120.4 0 0 0 A

Total IIIE5i1EN1 COIS 14.4 93.3 67.7 ad,3 ?21.1 221.1 14717 162.0 U.s 20.6 IiO0.2 17.0 30.6 94.2 123.0 336.2 359.4 259.5 304.3 54.3 43.6 1s07.1

total 24.4 93. 61,7 36. 223.3 22. 34?162.0 27.5 20.6 Ii060,2 17.0 309.S e4.2 123.0 336. z359.4 259,1 304.3 51.3 43. 13.707.1

J.wa 15 3M5 31111

u~~~~~~~~~~Pte

MWI AIV KW~ - J^A

Cdlle CastI1i s ,

IN SUllen) 3 Floillin Ihw

14/fl N"U U/?7 P/N i10/1 11 11 7/01 9 1/ n2/93 e/14 f In /i l 1/614 Ull 07/U U/fl S71/91 "/?l 95/112 12/93 11/Il hil lite 1ad. fox ola, Actsuasia macm ama. gaim emae macam amga mma ama asgai m,'e m ammam mall Stimi *ranal, ciar# lama; mamma mamma mcmi, iliac aiim ratw &,enf .aacn,t mini

As CIYIL MS - - - 1.3 2.1 2,7 7.6 2.0 -107 * . - 2.1 S. . 5,4 4,5 26,1 0.15 0 0,12 tvo. 1 3O5 C UCI,s I 24,0 40.0 50.0 15.0 38,0 119. 3111 70.5 4. 164. o1ff 1 382.5 0.15 0.4 0.12 IrCCs ENIItEERINS An AMINISIRAIION 12,0 3.4 4.- 4- Is? 3 .1.0. . 5,3 ),2 7.4 6.2 - 2.1 0 e o (A

..... l..... ..... ...................................................................... ..... . . .. ..... .. . . ....*

Total Il T COSIS - - 7 - 3 45.5 56,1 5446 42 - 227.4 * . - 44,7 1.N 10?01 lol? T20 - 432.raccac aimma aimas mimic smica *aim ma cii. S ees .... aimma fmia mini, imugi gilt; lr 1^; i, a lls Bls amiss

Ital - I $0 - 7. 5@ 5. 544e 432 - 272Z 412| ')N IJ.1 109? 240 - 412.4wssg ew g move 80.55 e s alss Sense trrr Bar"e It-Rg Iwr 41PR pssan WSasxs *segr WIT tstot *"144 Isr-3 alg%Seat s aX gas

.............................................................. ......... . .-.

NOTE s OKVl tK 1f t03 r0 It119115s11N lilill TO MONA111 Of SUJIAI IS lltttU0 AS PWI OF PIXCI MST$t

. _. ._ . .............. ............................. ............. . ............................. ... ............................ ............ . . _. _. _............

Jaswarw5 IS. lS 17119

WWA1A miwi kY[LOIII - KWMAwIM WmO DM MI MIEN PO.CI

h3a2Iw Cost libi,

UNw co3ts lutlal Irchtidir tominime s ................InS million) (IS Hillion) N

14/8l 6/S /B? IlU /U 9107 711 I 90/ 9 " 91/9W 92if9 93/94 totl 14/IS IS/ISI/l lS f llY /0 / St 199 WP/I 91/92 92/93 93/4 total #gil, Exc, tax pote Acceomisa*Zl tamin utuss tusii s333s Eliza Samoa goa33 urrvr I?, 3t?P0 £trrt *.Dp "'am seats lueav mals, Itumop rrv.rt pro-An tut raud. 9448 Newm trw sann

Al UIW I 3 1WAII113WU1 1.2 - - - - - - - - - 1.2 3.5 5 0.2 0 0,10 SINo LAND AIU3I3IIOII I KUI2LlAT30N 5,6 . . . . . . . . . Si 1,* . . 0,2 0 @0.0 LAC. IM16IM ONITIW E-PASS ItWlL

INhKL EXMMTIII I LINING - 23,0 35,11 133..5 . . . 73,7 .30,7 53,6 21..1. . . 0.0 0,2 0,3 9,3 IVrANICAiimN 3 INSTALL SATES I IIIALMMIf - 1.4 3,4 12,-6 . . 4,4 . . 2,2 2,4 2.0 - - 5 0.2 0,3 Oil CoOTHER lI6LMO - 5.3 5.6 2I's 2I's 2.4 . . Us?,9 7,7 3,3 33,3 Ito? 4,5 . * .) 0,2 0.3 0,3 cv

Wh-tela INIGATISO EYE-PASS nMLl - 26.6 42.1 26. 12.9 4.0 - - -335. - 38.4 6M.9 42,3 22.01 7.5 . . . . 373*9t. VAOMI SAWTI OAM'FEIS... ..... .... U4,. . .... 43 53 ... .52 1, . 01 CF2MMt 01EIASVIhI VUI4. - . 2- . 3- . 2.9 - - - - 49.3 So 22. 24, 26. - , --3 -. lb.? *2 0.2 0eV

anTiE V011S . . 1337 lie? 33,7 4.5 . - - 45.6 - 20,0 21.7 23.5 3.3 735 0.2 0,2 Oil LV

k*-Tskl. VAIS UWIE UN 4.3 29. 2t 29.3 29.2 7.3 * 1. 5. 42.4 46.3 50,0 l3,d - 357,3to JilLIlNhS Its li . ..... 3.6 2,3 2.5. . . . . . . . 47 0.2 0,5 0.0 r55IFs EOUJIPINI 3 W li 1.5 1.6 2.... 6,5 - 2,1 2.2 2,4 2.6.. . . 94 0.13 0.3 0,3 [oIs COg,MICAItue 1.0. . . .. . .. 2, 2,3. . . .. . . . .3 0.2 0.1 O.$ CoHI 071313 iWMiIlN1 WBIl 4,9 0.9 0.9 0.9 09 0,9 0 .9 0.9 -e - 7.3 li2 2.2 2.3 1,4 I,6 3.,7 3.6S 2.0 12,2 0,2 0.35 0.90 02CIs EJUIKERINB I AiMININSJRAIUI 0.6 2,5 5,3 4.5 3.4 2,0 0.2 0.2 - - 3.2 0.7 2,8 7.3 6.0 5.0 3.5 0,30. I f 23,4 0 0 0 [A

-. u.............. .. .. .. .. ..uu su 33 uu i. uuu .u. .53 ..... ... ... ... ..... ~ru#98 ..... .33 ... 8 .......... .tD .t... 388

JoIst 35.4 35,6 3~~~~~~~~~~~80.1; :?.? '6,0 33 2 0 3,0 - 257,3 39.0 47,0 335,1 9b 61.2 24.3 2,01 2.1 - - I.6

Jmwatu 135 39M 11120

WMM IUIt kftWIEMt - SJhAAwrtWOW1 5I M tOW macvX

kalld Ctel lableParawlers

To lts lncludird .c..n....nciu.IRS IRS le9 Xllion) tfesuI

un/I5 n5/3u 116/911 Il/N 1/1" / tto m /92 92/93 03/ faidl 34/S IS/3d id/ta W7/N /1113/" 1/90/ " 2/ IM t2/13 f3/14 Total hiO Cxch. fix late A4cssass Xasw 111,11. .4828 w s ragass *a x assz 2XVISr awst 81a sw Sx. s:st*raw $1 321SZ22 :22s 88CES *a 899 *sw E *W a *LUR *sasx *-188 59118 4r.88499 6951t

A. WJItl1S - 2,3 6.I 1o 2.7 1 23.4 - 3.3 7,7 2.6 4,1 - - -- 1 0.05 4,2 0 sogo FUINhINI - 15.4 28,2 34.1 33.4 2I. - - - -1307 - f.ll 34.0 473 50,2 31.9 - 1- -2315 0.05 0.2 0 CoC. IMINEEINIS I AMINIS1INAII - 2.0 1.5 3.S 3.4 It.S - - - 31.3 2.2 4,3 4,7 5,0 29,5 -. 45,7 00 E A.0

... , .... .... ..... .. . .. . ... ... ... ! . . .. . . .. ... ... .... . . .. .. . . . .Taltl IMIhSIEIfl COSIS - 20.2 SI7. 39P5 39.5 31.4 - - - - 175.5 - 234 u.0 54,6 592 4I5 Wil - 247.0

Besa nea sests asamse nman assa sugarF gyro wrean I sren xoerrs exs gasxx sees aras vj" wwmvra rmaree reuse averd ttikeas Zglotl - 20.2 37. 31.5 eS39 38.4 -- 175.5 - 23.6 43.0 54.6 59,2 4-.5 247.0

mss ama. msssw *saili oeSs, Iaves, fa Ps rw t axaxa smaza saarz assss *sErt rousefw-r v rmr, vasts, ruses gssxm *gtew

Ja r 155 IM 115 121

lLlo 1361 'II '.Jr..... ..... ............... ......................... _._._.._........... . .... . _. . _ __.............. ............. ......... ._...... _. ..........

M8a3o 51* *:J Lila1 8A l 33333 3828J.9 JJi3w j831.5 8I.AJ.1 388.611 34 31s 3 1 wa38s mana3 3s333 33343 3 s3t. 33333 3a3e seem3 33333

I'll Olt ?It It 6'1 , '* l 'S Z'C ZO 6I tell 9 l* t all '1 t *'C IlI 6 1C PI 6 'C *t 9 'S IllExxta qwsJit &1:Ja7 sgiag iess tests adivit HWV.12 a: !X !V .. i 3 Wav" ht1 g1g stae ssex #*gas 8xll's asBltats asse .88 &*gJsa.. Bass.

t'li i't tt'C i'i1 t'' t'S tS t' 6'£ tIi P I'I 6I t't ri' 6' ' 'i t'S 9't t'I PCISD1103AJ11Y5 1111 ll.-- ----- -----. .......... -----.............. --- -. .. ......... .. .... ................... ......................................... ...

VI zo 3o 0 6.1£t Ot CIEC Olt III 6 t L I ii t ti I I 0 1 Et l 1 811 al1 III 1 ell Olt Olt T, 1£ Olt f tISISS W31N311 'l - - ro I0 91 III li t I' 0 oC t0 Ot - - 10 0*1 III III 1 III l 0 IO So e ONINIV MCI-"q

NI E0 1@ 0 ['t - - ' O0 0'1 660 * o0 ['0 - - Olt - - 1'0 e0 ?IO Po 90 CIO - - 311"1L " I NOIIVU3JlNI IO rlo 0 ill - - - 90 O io £0 0 P0 CIO te 'O£ - - - ,o s10 CIO CIO sC O CIO NI I" IMIM

c%I ONINIVU Y

61103 LWMIfI5 It

333.33 8333*3 33.13 83333333 33333 M11J41 88144 ma314*114jj * 14313 33l*33 go33316 a24-1 *38M.~6 14.1.* 83888 $*3 83333 383 33883 33333 38338 33338 33333 33338gme1UM3'V &IlI 411 'PU] h)IV 11101 *6/ti Cited i6/16 16/06 W6/S dote Ollie M"/ N/Il SS/to 11 lt i/l OU l/Cl Ed/Id 16/06 06/69 68/00Ol 11/IL/N9 P9/c Co/to

ofww ~~~(USIUIHI SW IWCIIIIN SNIl--................... .t1I1....... .103 PuII I 11101 11,03 ___,

pallem~~~~~~~~~~~~~~le as3ll'

*1PI 1103 P'1"I IUIA'- 3z/NI51SSV WJIIW:J I U iIWuItmfrW on UWm

130N 13 IN WINl IMWI 5mm"ml11

ISIA

-SAW"M Pm No1 Mu 61(1140 ACw9S111011 I K9Vl.ilAtIIN

hltell.d cotl 11.9.

IRS p19ilion) in6 million) P11,1V

64/fl 813/8, 11/61 "it? W1 /61 11/11 11 /to " 9/92 *21Ut f.1 4 tit l 64/65 f g SIU ljjg U 67/U Mill 39*7 "/1I 111/72 72/73 93n/ Toltl 114 Itch. lix till kewslssa.a am.. .. a.. s..., assaa asrrr rosa rrne as sc as a u sag a8 s88 ar ssas 8 s4rr rra il, e*t*5 rlg rr iss ag 1 1 9J28353 UIt ShSUt 9 515555 ¶P.Oh82 S:la;

A. LO I 9K1 ZIIIJ9111 IN 11*[% 03I A 943 4A361.5 405.2 26.3 2.0 - - - 9. S 10.1 5.6 46.2 53.5 41.1 3.5 - - - - 1349,6 0.1 0 0 LA1. 1*. 1 - K3I1Einh(a I EN8I9L9 610IIOOIES

__.. . .............. .. .... .... ................

UKIM. fIW6Il 1.9 1.4 3.3 4.1 -*.6 1.3 1.7 4.? 5..0 0 *oLMKIU tAI 0.7 f.i 2.1 2,7 - 6.4 6.e 1.1 2.9 4.0 -0. 0.1 0 0 IA1961Y911. 5lWLOItK l39SA1106 9.0 13.3 11.1 7.3 42.6 10.3 1945 17.6 10.7 - 55,2 0.1 0 0 LA01111 9169401116919.2 26.9 21. IS.6 - 9.9 7 22.9 3U .1 2I -3.1 - 119.2 0.1 0 0 lA

otlat l StAff - KMutnti(9 W L9IAIII 91611(U 30.0 44. 4 4.7 271. - 131.0 34.4 55.3 43.0 43.1 - -- -- 4C. 5194 11 - MShIrt4Xl I MIf LITAII Nl3011S

. . . ___ ....... ..... ._ .....soCIL Fr3s511 - 9.] 10.7 11.1 l. 1.2 - - -' - 24 15.7 24,0 26.3 - - 95.9 0.1 0 I 'ALIAN.US 16LA3 -. 2 7. 90.4 .5 6.6 - - 39,6 1.4 90,2 96,4 96,3 12.4 -u.1 0.1 0 I iAIS9U9NJw 1N^ i S NtKl 91691101 - - 22.1 24.2 32.2 3,5 29.4 -9-3-27.9 - - 30.) 34 Sl.l 62.9 4,4 2 220.5 0.9 0 0 lA iDINO I16II01 - 31.4 34.9 49.7 50,3 J3l. - -II6.0 - 42.4 5l .0 14J.7 59.4 13.5 0.9 0 L IA

Ms16.141 6S7 11 - MNIIrtDh I 3W9 It8L9769 Mull - - 69. 71.1 161.3 112.6 U.2 - * - -1.S *4.0 112.4 1?0.4 194.2 127.5 - - AN6.71. 1SlAt9IffNl I 1111 1 U WIIFIN I 1M92.4 9.2 41.4 59.2 11.4 II.J 64, * - 152.1 14.1 11.4 tS.3 7?.0 21.2 99,6 12.1 - I 21 0. *.0 IA

bIl.l 06199911 £0611 136, 940.r 52.2 362.9 947,0 916l 7n.o - - 9U.60 954, 925.3 7196, 62.6 233.4 291.4 940.3 * - - 2,496.4

fot 3 111.7 l0O.? 532.2 542i 947.0 126.1 75.0 * - - I906. 154l6 125.3 116.5 624.6 233,S 2974 110.3 - - - 21416.6Csars 21SSZ Brt05ass s5as0 0 "85 30arr tsarr PrIs. frr7r s5am0 oSalCt5 s0330 r sgaussar rmits s*F58 Puis rrias rrtrss sass: saret t1ss.s

~~~~~~~~. ___................_. .. __ . ... ...... .................................... .............. ...... ....................................... ............ . . ... .. _. ... .. _..._. . ............ ... . .. ._ ....... *......... .......

JoAws IMa 9965 1122

INDIANWIAM RIVER KWLOIENI- ItJtDhS9RP SM AR OM MAD POUER FROECT

uma arcc ketamta by Year

list Costs(Rs million) Foreim ExchwA

.------------- - - -------- ...... ................. .. ...... ---- _ ----

94/95 95/96 U6/87 97/99 80/89 39/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Total I AAtmuscl *33Z3 3333x3 3333331 14monver nrtaerrs smrrrrr 333s33s 311s313 users rraw.... apsa * rrur*r

If IIIU[lItII COSTS

A. EY I IJSI1ATION 1.2 - - - - 1.2 0.0 0.0*. INOCMOUISIIION I RlILITATION 142.4 100.7 532.2 562.9 147.0 126.1 75,0 - - - 1.664 0.0 0.0C. CIVIL UI"S 400.? 381.5 1015.3S 1.115.1 95.0 875.9 823.6 5.l 266.0 33.38 464.6 32.l 2,118.7o. IUILDINSS 3.0 47.5 45.? f.8 2.7 - - - - - 1009 1.9 17.0t. EWUIFMNT

1. CONSITRTION 3.0 fill 10.9 Ill7 19.7 18.1 16.7 26.9 8,5 2.7 127.1 16.9 21.52. GENERATION

TURN0 ENERATORS - 36314 - - 726,3 M26. 726,8 S3;S; 145.4 109.0 3,6331, 50.9 1,849.3MAIN 1RANSORIINERS - - - 25.7 - 205,6 - 25.7 - - 257.0 72.0 15.1CIHER EOUIflINT - - - 925 413,2 6483 294,2 14,? - - e45.6 33.2 297.71OERS, CONDUCTORS2 I MIOWE - - - 24.0 40,0 59,0 48,0 38,0 - M9.o 42,1 35.0

..... . ......... _ ......... ..... ....... ........ .. . _ . ... .......... _. _....... . .............. .......... ................... _.

9Su-Total GENERATION - 363.4 - 118.2 1243.9 1,041,1 972, t24.4 183.3 10Y,0 4,956.3 49.6 2M4O7._...... -... --------.--- -------....... ----- -------..------- -------........ --- --------....... ------

&*-Tutal EDUINf(NI 3.0 37S.3 20.0 137. 12.263,6 O09.2 999.6 94142 191.9 111.7 5I0I3M 4 47,8 20428,5r. C NIIMICATIORS 15, 27.6 29.2 31.2 33.4 19.6 - - - - 161,6 22.0 35.6Go OTHER INVESTHENT COSTS 9,3 I4,4 12.7 24.2 24.2 24,2 22.5 22,5 29.9 3.9 167,. I. 26,7N, ENo INEER ING AIMINISTRATION 34.5 67.3 66,9 104,1 181.0 174.2 1455 122J 3Mo6 23.3 967? 0.O 0.4i. TRAINING 0,2 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.1 1,1 I.O 0,4 - - 6.0 90.0 4.8Jo TECOHICAL ASST13ANCE 1.O 3.1 4.6 3.0 3.0 i.6 1.8 1.6 l.6 2.8 23.6 90.0 18.9

_ ........ . -----.... ---.. .... ....... ... .... ........ . ...... ....... .... ..... . ._. .. ........ .. -- - ----

Total 1ESTMNKT CO91S 613.9 1011.1 12737,5 149844 2,607.1 2W282.9 24039,0 1.U9.? 507,2 184,5 24,63.4 31.7 4,650,6Total kASEItNE COSTS 613.9 1,08.1 12737.5 1*984,4 2.607,1 2.28,9 2,05940 1,669.9 507.2 14.5 24663.4 31,7 44650,6

thysical Continencius 0.5 100.6 201.1 2129. 212.7 195.1 166,1 120,4 46,0 13.Y 1,345.5 296 393,5 ,. .4Price Contin*ncIn 21.4 122I 418.6 704.4 1113.2 1W3077 11433.7 10326.5 477.5 190.9 7o192,9 32.1 2J307,9 IC .

_. _. ... .. ... . ....... ............. ...... ....... ..... .... .... ..... ..... .......

Total MIECI COSTS 721,1 2,2412, 2357.4 2e907.7 4M002.6 30774.7 3.65841 3,126,7 2,030.5 38Y.4 23,20128 31,7 7t357.0 I -xxxxx sxss saxa 3axsx1x x3333 333 rrr re3r33s m333333 s31r113 uauwtur frrel r&r.srrrr 333aw3 3s3s3ss3s

Tam 26.4 175. 71.2 11295 613,3 59,2 622.1 6335, 142.3 9746 3,122,1 0.0 0.0Forunm Exeha 81l6 3S3.2 4627 60.2l 12340,0 2,432.l 10320.8 12259.4 36494 133,8 7l357.0 0.0 0.0

Juir, ISI 1ms 17123

INIAnA RI VER I YS 0( M - 6WI T

BNS imA mmNol FM" MilOeSumamr kAccnts bh Year

Totals Includins ContinsenciesIRS Hilliun)

------------------ .... ...... .... ....... ...... ......... ......

84/85 95/86 86/87 87/S8 08/8? 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Totalsags. axxsx.m sa... uunusu asnamsU xrJru rr.jr IIrTioIrcr rrrrz.u ENxKEE s3ma3 *ZIrrxaI

1. IINJESTMENT COSTS

A. SWWY I INVESTIGATION 1.5 - - - - -ISS LANI ACOUISIlION I RHABILITATIOI 163.9 125.3 719,5 82446 233,6 217.4 140.3 - - - 2423A6C. CIVIL VMRES 477es 489,0 1v390.0 1,658.0 1,530.7 1,513.9 1.527#1 1,137,8 554.9 123.3 10,402.2D. HUIJDIKS 3,6 63,2 65.9 2.6 4.1 J I M - - 139.3Et EQUIPMENT

t. CCISTRUCTION 36 15,7 14.5 31.l 33H9 33.7 3307 36o4 1945 6&6 22897 02. GENERATION

TURBO 6ESERATIRS - 414.8 - - 1,067,2 5t549.0 tv225,9 1,496.4 275.9 219.4 b.B49,0MAIN TRANSVCAERS - - - 34,7 - 324,8 - 46.0 - 405,5OIHER EQUIPMENT - - - W27,1 735,2 l5l.0 33Ws7 27,6 - - 1034046TOuRs. CONDIXERtS I HARIWIARE - - - - 39.1 70.5 94,? 96.9 81,3 - 382.5

Sub-Total GENERATION - 414.9 - 161.8 1,84145 Is655,2 1.660,3 15667o3 357.3 21944 74977o7... .. .. .. .. ..... ....... .... .. ....... ..................... .... .... ...... . . .... ...... . .

Sub-Total EOUIPMENT 3,6 430,5 54.5 192.9 1,975.3 1W689.0 1#694.0 1,70J,7 376o8 226,0 80206.4Fs CSNRUIICA1IIS 22.9 3407 36.0 47,3 50,2 31,9 - - - - 223.1O. OTHER IN ESTMENT COSTS I1.S 19,1 17.1 38.4 41,7 45.2 454 49,6 24d7 9.4 301.4H. EMGINEERIN6 I ADMINISIRATION 34.0 76.1 109.1 138,7 261,5 272,9 247.5 223.0 71.1 27.3 1463.11. IRAININ8 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.6 I.S 0.6 - - 8.2Jo TECIUICAL ASSISTANCE 1.0 3M4 5,4 3.8 4.2 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 32.9

.. ... ....... ....... ....... ..... ..... ......... ... ....... .......... .... ....... ...... ......... ......

lotmi INWESIIENI COSTS 721,8 1.241.9 2,337A4 2#907.7 4,002.9 3,774.7 3.659,9 3,116.7 1.030,8 399.4 23,201,S

Total PROJECT COSTS 725.9 1,241.9 2,357.4 2,907.7 4,002,9 3,774.7 3.659,9 3.156,7 1s030 389.4 23,201.98 pangs BanSan ansUwas ZJaRsur *gxx"sa gananx as-aarr arga:trt toluctLA wau rtan etstS i

_J._______ _ .__________ _ _________._. 1.._.__._._._... 0 muzum._a...._,__urn..__,___.___ ._a&awwu __ _UZCz .. _.

Jmnuaru 15. 1995 57524

liD ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~ ................ .. ...................................... ............

tlosi 1181111 $f~~~~~~~~1111tN 'illnw

9'O441 L'L *Lt'Lur -. 1S 6, 11,- 0K sld61 4'Ut fon - r'elief' *lti i*@n'tSI M lJqJXJ W i3Jtill 6*1 BUZZ - - - - -- - - -- t--- - - ------- - ---- t --------- -------------- ---BI--'t ------ ilt---

cm e* 6,1IfiI't mitil f9 ci - irrel si/c tO? iict tlil 'l Ciaral 6I;apJIU;) 3 03i60 0 t3ttlf' lIn- t - -IPI'E PIT 4146 - iair lOt1 6000 SIIIl 113 13133MI4

IO'l £4-1111 *n' 91t %,iLl - it -litt tiN'll siK iltfl' 0101 Vlt'S6 lSaIN IVNJI13WI ltisl

*i ** ig 11,11- -- - - - - - DM3151it W3t110t31 If0*0 i # 1e -0* -#I?- -- - - - - NI3jV3j 33O@6 IS S9 - -IIIf I.1 - I'9l Ilk (i'l Iltf 4i~ 114£t Wliticvisitl* I *mi331i143N INI'f Bat *jl - - 11 - T.(- iIf 3lifl SIslO LNIWIINI 31430 1

liD ll Il4 v'1 Il01 3 ---- ' ~ P Sl1mhIvitw'am2 *s0" ItM 1SI P'FN'S - 1- 043Lt - I31 t tll aloofdtIUIM 3't'1-911

S*Lfl I's f156Q - --- I6 £*IAL - - ifr - - N1tihluIflj l'tOPl-q

VEt 091 11,"I 111,- - I alI 3 - LtI - IllCN3ISdtU i30

L I 's r;Biip if9 -- 163 - SNl 91143m ki19n

I'vil NQ1~~~~IB3ulIu3 *3

Cit ILl aNt - - tit - 9t - - - - - - - it 9344 193111196 6~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~11"111 14i43 j 91 - iI £0 it 99 @0u0 ~ f' jf tlo 1 Is3

£193 Set t'; im i - I's - --- *IilvlItUtN I EttIlifIrn 411111 33

.- S 3f la 13,fl3iis ....3333 nn nn f...ew. s..ans....3*3sa..it.i Jea**. ....a.... &..333333333a33..5.3 33333333 .. 1333333 33*33331

piq it'tf *hPltI MJ jUjjj 339 3(545 $Bimei 913311 399105 3114 ?,W3 .19034 10mG ff9 MEWWIltUNS - IRISISI W 113903301303M V Ow M Si J19,-f I WipllO UNlS&'33l 193mw) 303633 NIW 11431411 1431

11331964 si~~~~~~~v3mn 011un 1131133

13Iwuig- sfo04 3A1433 WmAWriSE IINvm

211316WA AI[I kWLOPECNT - IMAJAT

SAMSAWAM mm MO tat MVITproject Cbwflts by Year

IRS H211m1)

Totallost Costs

.. __ ...... ._.~ .... _. ......-. ----.- -.... -----.-.-.--.---------------- . ...................stl

64/15 65/6 U1/7 17/1 16 /39 89190 90/91 W1/ 92/93 93/94 RS Million

A. MIN m 413.5 IU I 770.0 K57. 730.1 no.0 734.5 6U.9 305.3 6U0 5419.2 455.63. bOWILL SUM I LINKE UWNS 32.7 74.0 - - - -- - - 109.4 9,1C. IEUMI POhIEU - 524.0 174.1 29.9 1.244.15 941.2 m71.0 793.2 129.5 7.1 5,52.4 42'.4t. IAUhEUK 17 - - 7t.2 100.4 145,5 115.4 70.2 - - - 501.0 41.3E. CANWAEA NIOUSE 14.4 92.3 07.7 3.$ 221.1 221.1 147.7 W12.0 27.5 20. 2060.2 MO]F. aTRAMI5ION2f SYSTEB - - - - 27.3 45.5 50.9 54.0 43.2 - 227.4 1119U. '/lIM SlLE Wt I SYE-f,ASS lU1 15.4 3510 30II 62.? 4t.0 13.2 .0 1.0 - - 257.1 22.4N. HlM0(TEORL0 IC.L NETCK - 20,2 37.1 31.5 19.5 38.4 - - - - 175.5 14.6It TRAINIIN I ycCiMIi. ASSISIWE - OM 1.2 1.0 5.3 4.1 4.1 2.9 2.S 2.2 l.e I.6 29,0 2,5

J. LAND AMCUISIiIIN I RIIMILITAlIOI 236.7 100.7 532,2 562.9 147, 126.1 75,0 - - - 20805 140.1

l11ll 30512.2 COSTS 113,9 12018.11 737,5 U91.44 2407.1 2,261.9 2.05 l.016.t 507.2 3.slS t14663.4 222.rvsialc Cntiilniscln' 60.5 100.1 20.1 I21.9 2212,7 165.1 IU4.I 220.4 4U.O l3.9 2.345,5 112.1

Price cantlindles 27,4 122.9 416S6 704.4 IIB3.l I.J07.7 12433,7 1,320.5 4,7,5 190.9 7,1fi.9 5Wit4

Toltl VIOCT COSTS 721.l 1,241.9 2,351,4 2,607.7 4.002.9 3,774.7 3,656,3 3,16.7 12030.3 339.4 23,201, 1,133.533313 5733 333318-;, 3334,33; .sa1331 #33333 3.1134. t58 3334333383.8383 311333 3333333*a:ax

Taxe 29.4 175.1 71.2 12.5 6733 569,2 62221 U35.1 141.3 37,6 322.1 2U0,2Fotwin Excham 813. 353.2 462.1 W0IT, 2340,0 1.43i6 12320,1 2,259.4 364o4 ,4336 7.3570 023.J

-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~----- --------- ------- -----.

Totals IflCudira Cmtniluctclc(Ill million)

/S 3/6 U627 U 17/ U1/1 3/90 90191 91M 92/3 *3/94 TotalZ$l| g "a"$sas $lgs lgg ."N'$%. ... .Jga ... VW%W

As MAIN WI 40.5 227.1 2,034.3 1,250s.4 2.24718 21309,0 12343.5 21m25,4 637.1 146,7 3,663,6to ROWILL D1 I LIEK O IS 0ws 37.2 4.0 - 13102C. bIINU I JSE - 022.5 240.2 390.4 ,348.4 12507.61 1,13.2 1,411.1 243.0 19.7 6olito9i. CA S If wu - - 100.9 156.5 240.4 211*4 138.6 - - - .'1*E. C tEA3 FOUMS 27.0 10.4 94.2 1226.0 3362 3b9.4 . 259.5 304.1 54 43.6 12707,211F. tmI Is2CU SYSTEM - - - - 44,2 79o W0IT 109o7 920 - 432f6I. IWMI SlUltE 1 I 13-POSS AI2ll 11.0 47.0 115,1 "1, 32,2 24,3 2,0 221 - - 3811.N. HNYllt OKlOIItCM KIf l - 231IS 43,0 4.0 1.2 2.5 - - -- - 247.0It 1)1112N111N1G I ltk ASSIS2IMU - W I I.2 3.9 6.2 52 5.7 4.3 4.4 3,6 3.2 3.4 41,2J. LM ACQUISIUION I I BILITAlION 2I5. I3S213 7258.5 24.6 233.0 227,4 140.3 - - - 2,41,e6

Total iioicr COSIS 72121. 241.9 2,357.4 2,907,7 4,002.6 30774.? 3658.11 3.226,7 1,030.3 38.4 234202.3Januatw 25,g"mg 1a965 27220 *" asfi *"|2|l ar a F al ttx aar,"

Jn 15,1 M 17124

INDIA

VAMAl RVER DE VELOPMENT - UJAUTISARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POVER PROJECT

Estimated Regurrent Oneratiog and Maintenance Costs(Rs Millions)

84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88/89 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94

Investment Schedule 722 1242 2357 2908 4003 3775 3659 3117 1031 388(with Phys. & PriceContingencies)

Accumulative 722 1964 4321 7229 11232 15007 18666 21783 22814 23202Investments

Operation &MaintenanceRate/Factor v0 0 0 0 .001 .002 .003 .005 .005 .005

Total EstimatedAnnual O&M Cost 0 0 0 0 11.2 30.0 56.0 108.9 114.1 116.0

v/ Based on a rate of 0.1% of the cumulative investments at initial operationin 1988/89 and increasing to 0.52 at full development in 1991.

ID4

H

-99-IllIIA Table 19

MARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - 6UJARATSardar Sarovar Dam nd Ponr Project

Sharing of Project Costs Amnag Party States(Rs Million, in current prices)

Fiscal Year 84185 85/96 86187 871/9 99/09 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 TotalCo>mpent…-- -- -- --

main Dan 491 217 1034 1250 1149 1309 1344 1285 637 149 9964Lnd Acquisition/Resettlement 157 125 719 825 234 217 140 - - - 2417Yadgm Saddle Das 9 23 55 47 39 12 1 1 - - 197Irrigation Bypass Tunnel 10 24 60 51 42 13 1 1 - - 202Rockfill Dykus & Link Channels 37 94 - - - - - - - - 131

Riverbed Powerhouse - 622 240 390 1948 1508 1663 1411 244 194 9120Canalbead Powerhouse 17 110 94 128 336 359 260 305 55 44 1707garudeshuar Weir - - 101 157 246 211 139 - - - 854Transmission Lines - - - - 44 80 107 110 92 - 433

Hydroaet.orological Netwrk - 24 48 55 59 62 - - - - 247Techn. Assist.& Training (D) 1 4 6 5 6 4 4 4 3 3 41

Total 722 1242 2357 2908 4003 3775 3659 3117 1031 309 23202

Total, in USS Million 66 113 214 264 364 343 333 283 94 35 2109

Functional Shares

Power Component 405 985 1453 1968 3275 3023 3004 2549 750 323 17635Irrigation Cuponent 317 233 856 985 668 690 6S5 567 281 67 5320Other 0 24 48 55 59 62 0 0 0 0 247

Total 722 1242 2357 2908 4003 3775 3659 3117 1031 3N9 23202

States' Shares

Madhya Pradesh (all power) 231 567 840 1079 1882 1739 1712 1453 427 194 10114

naharashtra (all power) 109 272 404 518 999 932 911 698 202 97 4823

Rajasthan (all irrigation) 17 19 60 68 52 52 34 30 15 3 350

gujarat - poaer 65 163 244 313 539 499 481 408 120 52 2993Gujarat - irrigation 300 220 809 931 631 653 620 538 266 63 5031Gujarat - subtotal '65 383 1053 1243 1170 1152 1101 945 386 115 7914

Total 722 1242 23S7 2908 4003 ;775 3659 3117 1031 389 23202

States' Relative Shares (in 1)

Madhya Pradesh (all power) 31.9 45.7 35.6 37.1 47.0 46.1 46.8 46.6 41.5 47.2 43.6Naharashtra (all power) 15.1 21.9 17.2 17.8 22.5 22.0 22.2 22.1 19.6 22.4 20.8Rajasthan (all irrigation) 2J 1.5 2.5 2.3 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.9 1.5Gujarat (irrigatimn and power) 50.5 30.9 44.7 42.8 29.2 30.5 30.1 30.3 37.5 29.5 34.1

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

-100- Table 20

INDIA

SARDA&R SAROVAR DAM AND POWER COMPLEX

Estimated Disbursement Scbedule(US$M)

IDA Fiscal Year Duringand Semester Semester Cumulative

19852nd 6.3 6.3

19861st 10.0 16.32nd 18.2 34.5

19871st 25.0 59.52nd 25.1 84.6

19881st 27.0 111.62nd 30.0 141.6

1989lst 25.0 166.62nd 25.2 191.8

1-9-0l:t 25.0 216.82nd 25.9 242.7

19911st 10.6 253.32nd 10.0 263.3

19921st 9.5 272.82nd 9.0 281.8

1993

1st 6.1 287.92nd 6.0 293.9

19941st 3.1 297.02nd 3.0 3U(.0

-101-

Table 21

INDIA

SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND POWER PROJECT

Loan & Credit Allocetion

Cate&ory Loan Credit

__-US$NA---

Works 184.405 92.310 452 of expenditures for5 years and 15% thereafter

Training 0.470 0.23D 100%

Technical Assistance 1.800 0.9OO 100%

HydrometeorologicalNetwork

(a) Works 1.499 0.735 70%(b) Goods 8.491 4.165 100% of foreign expenditures,

100% of local expenditures(exfactory cost) and 70Z oflocal expenditures for otheritems procured locally

Unallocated 3.335 1.660

Totals 200.000 100.000

-102-

Tab le 22

INDIA

NAMADA RIVER DEVELOPNENT - GUJARAT

SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT

Pri9ritv ListinI of Wgrk Plan Topics of the Narmada Planning Graou

Priority Study Item or Tolic

1. Resettlement and rehabilitation plans, including suitablefinancial and institutional arrangements

2. Watershed management (with assistance of GOI, GOMP, and GOM).including development of an "Aforestation Plan" for reservoirand adjacent area to achieve higher production base and improvedenvironments (e.g., reduce sedimentation, etc.)

3. Study of project-related computer needs for planning, design,project management, e.g., information management, procurement,scheduling, and other related needs

4. Management information system requirements (with 3 above)administrative, planning, design, procurement, scheduling,and general engineering data retrieval systems

5. Communication -nd operational control systems plan (with 3 above)

6. Projectwide manpower requirement and training programs plan

-103-Table 23Paste I

INDIA

NARNADA RIVER DEVELOPMET - GUJARAT

Incremental Azricultural Production

A) By Volume

Future Futurewithout with Incre-

Present proiect Proiect mental

........... ........ ~0D tons....................

Foci Crops

Rice 49 61 515 454Sorghum 115 134 487 353Pear millet 230 277 653 376Wheat 181 250 1409 1159Pigeonpea 36 41 56 15Other pulses 35 41 152 111

Total 646 804 3272 2468

Cash Crops

ustard 13 15 75 60Groundnut 56 67 310 243Vegetables NA NA 1793 _Tobacco 40 55 109 54Cotton, med. staple 135 199 1057 858Cotton, short staple 227 265 61 -204Fruits NA NA 1269 -Fodder 2502 2977 4677 1700

-104-Table 23Pare 2

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT

Incremental Agricultural Production

B) By Value a/

Future Futurewithout with Incre- Relative

Present proiect proiect mental Increase

.......... -00 tos................

Food Crops

Rice b/ 115 143 1208 1065 748Sorghum 190 221 756 535 242Pearlmillet 356 429 1011 582 136Wheat 335 463 2606 2143 463Pigeonpea 112 128 175 47 37Other pulses 123 146 457 311 213

Subtotal 1231 1530 6213 4683 306

Cash _rops

Mustard 59 70 346 276 394Groundnut 218 261 1206 945 362Vegetables V* 1543 *

Tobacco 203 281 556 275 98Cotton, med. staple 717 1053 5601 4548 432Cotton, short staple 930 1087 250 -837 -77Fruits * 952Fodder 313 372 868 496 133Other crops SI 202 233 639

Subtotal 2642 3357 11961 8604 256

Total 3873 4887 18174 13287 272

aJ At projected farmgate prices (1995), in 1984 rupees.bJ In terms of paddy price and production.cJ Includes vegetables, fruits, clusterbean and non-specified other crops in

present and future without project; castor, condiments/spices, sugarcaneand other non-specified crops in future with project.

-105-

Table 24

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT

Rexional Changes in Averaze Net FarmIncomeCrom rop roucion

IncreaseFuture with- Future with over over

ReAtion Present out project proiect Present FWOP........ s..R per ha of net CC&.......... (Z) (Z)

1 1166 1403 8147 599 4812 1733 2310 8744 405 2793 1034 1246 7158 592 4744 919 1040 2224 142 1145 1683 2054 8123 383 2956 1256 1598 8432 571 4287 907 1021 3923 333 2848 1080 122.2 6535 505 4359 1073 1212 6762 530 458

1O 925 1048 6101 560 48211 950 1142 3257 243 18512 868 979 6533 653 56713 984 1118 6196 530 454

Average 1097 1325 6401 484 383

-106-Table 25

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPHENT - GUJARAT

Proiected Channe in AveraRe Incomesand Land Rent from Crop Production

IncreaseFuture with- Future vith over over

Present out project project Present FWOP

........Rs per ha of net CCA ......... (Z) (Z)

Farm Familv Income

Gross revenue 2163 2727 10046 364 268Non-labor cost 732 966 2594Interest aJ 63 84 225Labor bJ 490 629 1305

Farm profit & rent 878 1048 5922 575 465Family labor c/ 219 277 479

Net farm income 1097 1325 6401 484 383

Value Added

Net farm income 1097 1325 6401Hired labor income 271 352 826

Net value added d/ 1368 1677 7227 428 331

Land Rent

Farm profit & rent 878 1048 5922Risk allowance e/ 649 818 1507Management fee fJ 23 23 442

Implicit land rent 252 253 4857 1827 1820

Project Rent (Incremental land rent): Rs 4604/ha

a/ On working capital, at 13% p.a. over average period of 8 months.bJ Hired and family labor, at is 7.5 per manday.cJ Imputed cost at Rs 7.5 per manday.dJ Farm profit/rent t family labor income + hired labor income.</ Estimated as standard deviation (SD) of gross returns x a risk aversion

factor (RUP). SD for present/future without: 20S of gross return andRAF: 1.5. For future with project SD: 15Z and RAF: 1.0.

V At 1OZ of profit and land rent after risk allowance.

'ua1juIvnb*v pue; Uulpniur 3230o3 tjoliv);tiququj puD iuamuzl}oFsi coolUnoa JIOAIUIY pue *Up IA-OI2S ICpImS GSmlid-Ou IT

-.- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*1111 tui SIn AJntr~

_~~~~~~~~~~~ .. ______,._ ..... .. ...... .. . ..... ........... . _._._._.._................................_.___.............. _. _.................... . ......................... _................... . ..........

*,lWct lC m ?t cXl olU 'Nl ISV. 6*i0 95W4 i1414l 90&U'll *l?itl *'lu9il @111111 Vl,aitl 9 lqG1 ' c ll 0'tiot 11 l'llu' r cz ili'sl ti'l C*UI recl WNIjJq wl.'oj

tI? 6f11I 941 fl't PIt 'Ll g11ll §isi zloL IS' lVWlf sliII VSL rll* I'm Sll lUt SU tIN AIC4 illit VIll sli VL wil

'littll 'dlot'Gtl Viat 1'dt Iesl stlui 41/CIt el'd1§1 V41111 ittl£8 t'tU§I ilCIt'i VI@T111 t@#11|F iltiSli $4114 61698I 41tt"OI tUI 'si tis9110 t6*6tf Lt044 Pllot 01441 $I1703 IZ370 tiol°st.S..n ,,,t.as t,_. ,,,,,_. _, . . . . . .,_ ........ .... . .......u..... .. . . ....... ........ .... ...... ....... ..s... .............. _... ....... .us .

o C uSIL ('LS ?UL 5011e tWua tllLl gtft' Lfe *L'S t*'t 6'P93 (Sil@l LON'9i I'ltL't 6*5',|j l'flLi l'I *'*s 9'59' 65f 1111 S|tOLS c*zi'i ggm *u ett . . *,l .

-4 t's1 ;'ue'e *;1 t't 'tt l"U ifti t'l s s' t i 'U s|t glu trin ra tu; mIles lt?c sa Xn viw 1109 Vits *'11it 6luL *9I 1813i"UgV3 m31mAU

_ ., . _ . . . ._. .. . _ . . ... ... _ ....................................... ..-. .......... ...................... ....... ..... ..-.. ....... ........ --

15*1 5'4 g . , , , , . . . . . . - - - - f'U 1'911 SliI S'1t9 L'Uit L'OO 'lni /1 NO11tlV im|m I wow niSIm a IN

C'? I'L 4 i's Ul C'l III (I II II III 4'1 Il UC LI ('I £I V$i 1i i'C Il' 1'1 C'I C'f TM I W -. jgItn 7.113j 1 gIjIVj, u n

11 SIl , . . . . . . . . - - - I'M i'Sr 515f 'Ll 2LU * lill| '110110a.

ttin I'uScig - ?'OS S lt Pll 13(t 1,41 011* £1 (SoY I'll 4'KC cUt I'lC1 C'UC v'ZI en 5*? -n ma 1101 J 1j,7 11

flt (lis - - - - - - - - - - - 'l 91l I'll lo't ^( l' ll il ¶11 Swd-]Il 1 iwo 34W INoPM 'rSh*L'l 1116*5K $411 tSf1 L'ti I,0595 It.'fl ISIS illicit VC4im tOLYIi l'AlI'1 L'Ll@'S 61115', CL516'l f1Ll I'ii 6'ft581 Iffa Vll( gloltf 'tsi Ila I'll pqflg5g mwu, I *iiniiwslgl 'm

o'r' Ill"J& . . 'i VW1 gLII filL I111, l'ic 0951 510 4111i Vis L? I 119 11,1ftI '0m5 I'7sL Lllit 61 1 ,6*1I tlt 113Of1W

5'*; 6 *(g ". s u . s s . s *I . s f' 1 *'ll 614 I'lt s 5 5 391111 U111155w09 Iclog "t -- 1 V f@U tXi 11b |f uc leO1 I'll I'll £ £esui 1* |I **tS N '

i'm 'm'i . .. . . - . . ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~os ga~~VI emil amli ~iz i'iuc s'" I'l ras6 il'1 pl .i-*tt, S*o * . -. . -. . . . - a'X i*sn s';il *'9; (*3( . . w 131SI0ISIt

it 411nl - I - - - - - - - . . - r * ll'I n 1 3

01'U olw1@ tU P' I S'UI e lu fis 110 ltol z§u1 - li lt - 11m IWN311

Ill P441i { +l@R *1 flit t@||z6 484§t NilZ I't slu 39SHII@ *3} 1

emss 1'41119 . . - .14 j4 5109 lti ;,Lt lIl t SW ' ;; t l'59 LIII r 10 It

snuns. .,...mm *As-mes Wmnn r.sun . . ,m u.s. ama .. rtum r* JAR. Issusus .2.2555 sss. ... naud. s.sas .s s .5........ . .. s.... .as ...... u us....s Slse$ set..

(WIliE Il "I/WI 5111541 W "Itto tSlISl eoll/Il lt9l0l OGI/U6 "I" i/i Una 161A s1/lS 1/IA flls Sd/1S In r d 1LI/SM a u Wife LIl" 11/1 WM

sM) -- - -- - .--- --. - --- ....... .-. -- u... .....- . ....... ...... .....

*J*5 F4 %jm~w4f3 I'"A1tXm - INe7>@fi nlul w 111

INDIA

NHA&ADA RIVER DEVLOIDHENT - CUJAU

MATER bELCIIEkI MD LAIA4CE FROAECT

Esilsaledi IIcur,ent Oe'nalt In. HnI,naaen c and In,Eli Ccci (sl IRi111imI

............................................................ ............................................................................................................. ...... ..... ........... .......... ...... .. ..... ..... ............ .._.. ___

1995-199 1997 I998 1999 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 H99 199 1 Iff 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006-2034.. .............. ..................... .... .... .. .... ... ............. ................... ....... ......... . ............ ................... .. .. ............................................. ....... ._ ............. . .

IfPlECMWIATIOi SCIEILE fin iWos,nd hal. ........... ......... .............. .....

Not CCA Vak Cowltted - - 9.0 44.0 101,0 172.0 269.0 388,0 521.0 i80.0 861.0 104170 1213.0 1419.0 1605.0 1729,0 1851,0 1370.0 - -

Not CCA Irrisated . - - - - 172,0 269,0 388,0 521,0 i6O.0 I66.0 1047,0 1233.0 1439.0 13,0 1729,0 18J53.0 1670 --

ESTAILISH1fNT COSS_.................

ProJect Office - - O.l 0.1 o.l 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.S 0,6 O. 0.9 1.0 I.I 1.2 1.3 1,3 1,3Iceional Offices - - - ' 0.1 0,9 1.4 I,. 2,1 2.8 3.2 3.8 4,2 41, 5,2 5.4 5,1 54 5.4A 514Me Div. I Dist. Offices - - 0.2 0.3 0.6 1,3 1.9 2.4 3.2 4,5 6.0 4.t 9,2 9,9 10,8 II's 11. 12.7 3ll,h 11. 13.5Division Offics - - - 1,6 5, 10.,9 21.6 32,4 4,2 51.0 6413 75.6 6,1 97,2 l0i.0 129,1 J29,6 129,6 129,d 129.6 129,6Disiricl Offices - - - - 7,6 16.2 32.4 54.0 75.6 97,2 IU,S 140.14 162.0 179.2 139.0 205.2 210,2 21332 213,2 211.2 210.2Iock Offices - - - ' 544 16.2 32.4 413.2 54.0 64, 75.6 92,9 101,0 124.2 140.4 15d,6 173,2 115,O 11 5, 1i5., 185.i

Plant Oerations - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0,2 0.2 0.1 0.3 014 0.5 0.5 0.5

cOI cATlIOIIIS/CNlRIa COSIS H... ... ....... ... ...... .....

valer tCnvvance - 1.0 113 1,6 13. 4.9 4.9 7.5 9.7 1H,2 11,2 14.9 37.5 20.3 20,1 22.4 22.1 22,1 224 22.4 22.4 90

ILIE IUINIIEIUIIC COSTS......................

Conisiclive Use Veils - - - - - - - - 0. 0,3 0.9 1.6 2,t 4.2 6.0 6.0 10.0 13.9 133. 14,0Draan. V.33. - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.3 0,2 O.3 0O. 0.6 0.9 1.0 3.3 1.2

.... ....... . ... ..... .......... ....... ......... .... ... . ...... . .... .. . ... ... _ . ..... .... ... _ ..... ._._ ... .. ._._ .... ._ - ---- -- .. - ___._

lill a1t Col - 1.0 1.5 3.7 20,7 49.9 94.2 141,0 61.3l 234.6 284,2 335,6 319s3 437.7 476.5 536.2 575, 5U,5 569.3 593.1 592.2

CIEROT COSTS.........

Coei1catios - - - - 0.3 0.3 0,2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0,7 0.9 3.0 1.2 1.3 3.3 113 133 113Conjnctive Us WVls - - - - - - - - 0.4 2,1 6.3 11,9 19.5 30.1 44.1 58.9 73.9 Mil 95.6 103,0Drainage Veils - 0.1 0.3 0.9 1.9 3,1 5.0 7,1 9.5 13.31 14.0 1514. 316Saurasitra rnch Litt 0 - - - - - - - - - - 69.5 304.2 125.0 390 I397,0 339.0 139.0 139.0Kutch Oranch Litt - - - 2 - - - - - 2 3.6 4. 4.0 4.0 4'0 4.0

........... ............... ................ ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ........ .. . ....................... .... _.... .. ..... ....... ...... ...... . ---- ------

Totl l neriw Costs Ot Os . 4 Oi Ott .. , .. n^ * , 2,1 7,t 14,5 93.l 1IU, 111,0 212,4 .230,0 215,1 255,1 2Ui1

......... ....... ............ ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... , B .*sggSslsttsXsssstlXsa ....... ....... ....... ...... ....... .... ....... ....... ........ zg .... $a.." ... S.... z .........TOT. NNAL N 091 COT 3.0 3.5 3.7 20.7 50.0 94.3 141,3 388.3 235.5 283,0 343.41 403.9 530.3 623.5 713.1 ?88,3 9l6,6 634.9 646. 656.

......... ........ ............. ...................................... ......................................... ................................................. ............................ , ..... ........ . . ............. _ . _. ........... _ _..

best0or 19, 3984 10125

II-4

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT

Economic Cost and Denufit Streams

PROJECT COST (Rupees fl llions) PROJECT DENEFITS NET------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- BENEFITS

Year Dam and Power Irr-igatlion ToLal Power Irrigation M I J Water TotalReservoir Facilities Facilitiuu Sanefite Donefits Benefits Benefits

1 400 409 153i8 997 - - 0 -9972 216 5069 743 2029 - - - 0 -20283 959 1060 1391 3410' - - 0 -34104 1066 1123 1725 3914 - - 0 -39145 830 1693 2073 65b6- - - 0 -46166 (326 990 22S6 40(o0 - - 0 -40807 772 1099 2505 4374 - - 0 -4376B 590 762 28I2 4164 - - 0 -41649 302 98 3021 3421 - 159 18 176 -324510 123 100 3391 3614 3237 445 16 3700 0b11 62 26 3404 3492 3935 1001 34 4970 147812 52 26 3285 3363 3809 1b95 34 5530 217513 52 26 3070 3156 3651 2511 110 6280 312414 52 26 2986 3064 3470 3537 191 7206 414215 52 26 3266 3344 33A7 4625 191 8183 483916 52 26 2525 2603 3345 5494 191 9030 642717 52 26 2215 2293 3322 63E11 191 9894 760510 52 26 IE317 1895 330u 70C1 504 10965 907019 52 26 1676 1756 3205 7990 504 11067 1011120 52 26 1547 1625 3272 13816 584 12672 1104721 52 26 149?1 1569 3260 9772 504 13656 12047 022 52 26 1407 1485 3248 10573 504 14405 12920 If23 52 26 1367 1445 3236 1099G 949 55580 1373524 52 26 137S 1453 3224 115314 949 15407 1403425 52 26 1303 1461 .3213 11455 949 55617 1415626 52 26 1390 1469 3142 1156b 949 15657 1418927 52 26 I'll' 1491 3071 11.58 949 15567 1410728 52 26 1409 t497 5000 11664 1306 15970 1448329 52 26 1417 1495 2929 11739 1306 15974 1447930 52 26 1424 1502 2050 11013 1306 15977 1447531 52 26 1436 1554 2707 155& 1306 15979 1446532 52 26 1422 1500 271b. 11947 1306 15969 1446933 52 26 1449 1527 2645 11940 1631 16216 1468934 52 26 1375 1453 2574 11976 5b31 56181 1472835 52 26 1304 1302 2503 11974 5631 16108 1472636 S2 26 1304 1392 2432 11972 5b31 16035 1465337 52 26 1304 1302 2361 51971 1635 15963 1450l38 52 26 1304 1382 2290 11909 1930 16129 1474739 52 26 1304 1382 2219 11908 1930 16057 1467540 52 26 1304 1382 2145 11908 1930 15906 1460441 52 26 1304 1322 2077 119.0 1930 15915 1453342 52 26 1304 1302 2006 11909 1930 15844 1446243 52 26 1304 1382 1999 11910 1930 15938 1445644 52 26 1304 1392 1990 11910 1930 15030 1444545 52 26 1304 1302 1903 51910 1930 15023 1444146 52 26 1304 1302 1975 11910 1930 15015 14433 F47 S2 26 1304 1382 1967 51910 1930 15907 1442 ci48 52 26 1304 1302 1959 11910 1930 15799 1441749 52 26 13u4 1302 1951 11910 1930 15791 14409 ,H

50 52 26 1304 1382 1944 11910 1930 15784 14402 I

Present OoValue 4102 5704 17745 27552 11136 19167 1506 31811 4259

(dt 12 / Internal Rato of Return,i 53.2%

-110-

Table 29

INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT

Economic Evaluation of Sardar Sarovar Proiect by Functions

Present Value ERR(Rs billion) (X)

A. Single Purpose Power Project /b

- Power benefits 12.43- Costs: Power facilities 5.02

Reservoir 4.10Total 9.12

- Net benefits 3.31 14.9

B. "Add-on' Irrigation and M&I Project I£

- Benefits: Irrigation 19.17M&I water 1.51Incremental Power -1.30

Total 19.38

- Costs: Irrigation 17.74CeH/weir 0.68

Total 18.42

- Net benefits 0.96 12.4

C. Multi-purpose SS? (as proposed)

- Benefits: Power 11.13Irrigation 19.17M&I water 1.51

Total 31.81

- Costs: Reservoir 4.10Power facilities 5.71Irrigation 17.71

Total 27.55

- Net benefits 4.26 13.2

/a At 12% discount rate/I Hypothetical alternative, without canalhead poverhouse; no pumpback

operation; no Garudeshwar weir./c Includes benefits and costs of canalhead powerhouse and of pumpback

operation at riverbed powerhouse (veir)

INDIANARWMDA USIN PROJECIS

lom R itO" zOz lordt- a

il~~~~~~~~~~li M4I M01 6f, £0

* I | M A D H Y A P R AD

a ~~ I iFl*

* * I^|sY."S.fI _ ,A.. * 0~~~~~~~~I0WRI !Ii~II~I

I I I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~II M A D H V A P R A 0 1 $ H~~~~~~~~~

NARMADA GUJARATWATER RESOURCES PROJECTDam and Power ComplexImplmentaolon Schedule

M 14413 lw 1-- I"? 4"s mg I ma t g4n - - H_H

1# . . 11M I 4 i fi t > a ~r g 0 g I t 0 I/I I L IGWSI

PAW OAM A POW CO Mg 11a 1 11c111 ar" A 11

Ae d cM I &* F O *1 _ c*AvAo -w cu 1 g

P~~~~~0 d/e Fal wrn w-:570 _

NARMADA GUJS ATWATER RESOURCES PROJECTItmp4mnpllbon Schedule

COMYUANCE, DlSAIRUITION AND DRAANAGE DEW&OP'MANI

_W 194 twa tu m t99 9"? 994 99Y 1 9 199m 1"9 Om9 Om if" 999" 199 9999 20a MU 7 O 7 3 7 I 2 |

19301v^xn )P} 90 MAIl{ 9MB t)* e^

I~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~n h.. a* 2 5)4 -1 ''(1 4}C

C1.MAIW~~~9999~,'O-J9A1) BC )29 1)...e^sX....... 4 -i:44 wC

ko. Ia --U.

*fl.l9lVBfrg 3I.n - - I.Io'tn. .B k ^X I. 61-.. 8&,s,',u t._ ____ - I rI I

911.61 bC-txJ. N 'IO IQ M M I 3949V " n 0 2 k l r

l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~w~..~a Me bl0.229 A Cnl9 | | | U P MC bin 31.

Cwa CIt" &{{_lsz I -|-I. -- | * 3

-' I I IgnPt 11f33@91.hi1. l - == = = - I I _I o , As 1>4 v..h * * - = = A |mm |iu at |I | o Xia

Co*ol.ft &Cow a I I1-1

AI9AVAlB0x9*.1 l 1 3 N9 aF

9.t,9_i Fla3c9... ( - CaWP5pf lc- 1 1

DISIRIBUIJON, DRAINAGE. GROWNDWAIER AND COMMAND AREA DEVELOPMENI I'ROGRAMS

PRXI- VAICLM - 1 T 1 1Ai i -I9Bdd!4il^bS*b@Ulo |I |I III I1.h6ilbCO *I-,91.

1S Camh(94 L1miq | | = I 9.1 |_ l30i "MAX. Woo. I

SLAX{= f =1 L zA A==U~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C LU A - /A lt-cnC-xTA&W .|!sss t allcl .Itls ItvSb+.1....9.LiAIh..J 9MA* W VM....._ I C It _ ~ W~

=1z~~~~~4-.-.4---~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ I -

IA92~~~~~~1 1A. k.'*y ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 19k S.n.C 9 J N.CusIw ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ wAufiX-711

SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECTProbable Maximum Flood of Narmada River at Sardar Sarovar Reservoir

180000... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... . . Inflow

160000

140000 ....................................... ........... . ...... /kA ,I _ w0

ss 1200000 10000.-p 9%

40000t

20000 i 9l

(36 48 0 72 84 9 Ice 12U 132 144 156 h

-1.15- Figure 4

_ t _ _ _ _ _ __ _ -11_ -1 -1 _ __1

_~ _. 11__ ____

g ~ ~ ~ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ -_-_

_ _ __'' - % - 1 1- 1 - -1 --

i _ - -- -______ ______ _____ _____ ___ 1

_ _ z ~ ~~1 1 __D__________11

g]~~~~~~ 11 = - I hg | 4BQ~~~~ I lE:

_~~~~ 2 't .. ? _ 7

<3 <o t - :- .~ x _ _ i_ii

10pM "a. lOU

o,u, I PROCtIWlMNt SCHIDULE FO. CIVIL WORKS_______ eNAIN DAN AND SIVERBED POUEEtIUSE .e1ac NADA (LUJAIAT) I

*elOM .a.daa , II

hIln Di Ice 425IU I I

rnsrumpa il, 2 1 1 1 1 S6 I I I I I1 I

and I insta I In Dim cb . " -

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IIAISIAII l

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POJIM~sttz .it 9)4tl;-*s 2 19

H~~~~~~~~o-tiov HA I CHsUSsn..... 19A H|ititX|5ii|@> ||| E _1 UK I I _AMD (IU-ARAT >|I[

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L -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~vs -" " --III Ill DailIflAt tai

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r iIIhslst1s5 Si issijl it I;

A hI4l 51Pasii 59ls lSOsA IkIhtiIPIiIItIi tPNPlhSfliWtH StN AslIl It5464 (sll tC ttOi i(4*hi..lis*iII.ltW*tUSlflItCIlIIlNsI I IllIlIwIt~L - - - -til.tl -lAt -slis -otl -Nti - sNtAci-s t-tilAh1.4-OI

5 NIWt 4(ADNSAOttlhh DlltIiiIl hM IIt(l5 ll 51 'l151ls t II (ItlithSSINiS ilII101 WlIItC csnh.an i- fIts scuulilANctiI 15 Iblif 11t Ih15i55ltI tttfltI lIsI

p 151. IlisO*lIsAI5lIsSlItiA 1t5155 ISilict*UORII AtlltCl ll.IliltItlt51&ilEtNlttt I IlsssII tttlllIl54.11 llq lS"55lllSti 111INs15515

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e ltCtIItIl illIJlJION* 5151I1*f

fROCURIM91 1S1 CiiULE fof CIIL WCM5ca1l^t 1, ^ ,WA _ HIN DAN DAM , NARMADA (CUJAMT) I

. 2I II,i H - -- __ , u -1 -1 12

botal,tBPII iiusdCIIPtH I[c 39 AAtUPO I I- - - - - - - ST

AfMAISA - - -

APORAItAAL

AC_TUAL - -

_U_ A LA -- - - -- . -e -aX-A.aa.*z3m

_ ^AI^"A' . .-A . S m = -Mm -== -

*AIA£gA1. IL~ MI(IMISl ACAN W1.) P Q WIISI-.IA sIiAlUl& tPISPAAI tIAUtl&AAII,AIIISC WdI.I I I,AIA IIPMIIA.lf lU@IC£tAI^.S A^J'IVI AIPVfiV AIS I .Ip."IRUISitIA ll SA0ASIK lSI5.1101UL

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O.IOACIAJSAJCS W SCOin4AAt10Sl S AJIIIUIA.IISUA

SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT - GUJARATAgency Organrzatlon Chart

S REGION 1 2 ~REGION 2 REGION .1 REGION 4

w~~~~~~~~~MI D( . wE&DM

MINE~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-

Not".(1) Ort ona ke dl epding shwn lo exorwrIy aornorLIao struchte.(2) DM$bm A tHrough E are kkatbn Dwols,

Word 9or*-2692O

Narmada River Development - GujaratPhasing of Economic Project Costs

Re Million

...... r Cost of Reservoir

4000 -------- - Cost of Power Coap.

--- - ----- Cost of Irrigation Comp.

3000 |- / >9\ - - Total Economic Cost

F~~~~ I-',,,, -- ==

13000 _/ X,# ~ ., \S H \\\J/

O E ~~~~~F

2000

o 5 1 0 1 5 20 25 30 35Proj0t Year

Narmada River Development - GujaratProjected Water Use in Gujarat from Different Sources (Cumulative)

18000Private Groundwater

16000 with project onlywith 8& without project

14000 PG;L

4J 12000 /Eo From on-route rivQrs H

D3 10000

b 8000

6000From Narmada River for irrigation

4000

2000

5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Project YQar

Narmada River Development - GujaratBuildup of ProjQct Benefits

Re Million16000

14000 -

12000 - - -------------------------

10000

8000 / o *¢@**@&@@*^ Power Benefits

/ ------ " Irrigation Benefits

6000 ------ M&I Water Benefits

-/ ,' "Total Economic BenQfits4000 -

},.~~~~ . .

2000

0 5 1 0 1 5 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Project Year

Narmada River Development - GujaratTotal BenQfits and Costs over Time

RB Million

…- --- - --- - -- --------- a----16000r=

14000

12W0 00

10000 /. . ...... ... . M Total Economic Coat

--------- Total Ecormic Banefits6000 J

, Total Not Benefits4000 -

2000

-2000

-4000

-6000 p . . . .... . .. , . I a a a .1 ._ *

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5soProject Year

SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION OF THE ECONOMIC RATE OF RETURN

X X

12 -

111

Ba - - - - -omldBrbto lhaf

10 oo 70---

a -67-

5 40 - - - - - - - - - - - F

4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4

433

2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2

1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1

7 8~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 8178 101123145 16 17 lB1

ERR (X) ERR al)

RELATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONC- -- - *mormal distribution with samemean and standar'd deviation an sample) t

P A K I S T A N S

* > QBANASKANTHA1Plonpuor

_'A ~ ~ ~ I

K U T C H ,X - - - Mohsona

GADHINAGAR.,!

Gand7=idh .> -- %

- ' >SUkEN~~~%DRANAGAR

/ ~~~~Surendranagar-.

OJamnagar KHI

Ro'kot~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~,BoJAMNAGAR {AKT R{ o g-- =

Porbandor C' '' - '

Li/ .iunogot~ii ^ AMRE LI 'BHAVNAGAR -OJunzgodh r%

JUNAGADH Surat

AMRELI?

DIU

N VoisocDAMAN:

Tf wh en- mrdP red b The Woro BaWs sr& t vhsv or a cnenc of ;r,VW s ands 8Sexckvs for bl Wer"nr use of The eb O* aw m wwwornfiunce Corparon The drw,lbons used snd Ihe tbowdes rm on Is nV w do nor

Y, mo te pst of The bl Banr* and ti &titwka FPec Cavomra. any parMon tw legcl starls of an trrior a. nwsn rit or accw nce of such bourtwes

IBRD 17691JANUARY 15

4 INDIA

NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT-GUJARAT

1,01 < 8COMMAND AREA

KANTHA1 I PROJECT ONGONG COMPLETED

Polanpur "I Dam Sites-/s) . ) 5^sF <,., \ v Major Commond Areos

.~~~ -- ,; ,;-;0o

MAHE A,NA -I ' Proposed Main CanalProposed Branch Canals

._ .Mohesono | motnagor National Highways

>I SABARKANTHA - S---' Selected Railroads'-A' 97 S r , z Selected Towns

IC -~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~Rivers

- 1._'Afim Rann of Kutchgo t /f -- X- - District Boundaries

, --5t,> ;et !> * Dohod- State Boundaries

PNCHMA HALSNJod O --- Internationol Boundories

S / ~ ~KH- A/Y

F R =>g! <4;E * tt MA DH SYAPRA DESH

- - I- r ' --- ---- ; car Sre

GAR / - A R U C H ILOETERS0 40 00 120

f / . . g o0 20 *0 60 s0~' Surot -* -- - >- - \ : < MILES

, /,. ,., t-~~~- S^URAT ,0? r

'DANGS-9 F < ~~Alwo ,

0 PAKISTAN .8'0 NoVLSAD P ,. BANGLADESIV41

_-P. - Gu,orof 1 '- y

DAMX _ g + r --- ,) |~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~ N D I A 2

,- -,S\ .- - -' .--- ;K ~~~~~~~~20 -

rO 80mbey

-10- ' ,. 10

SR I LAN KA

70- 90'

74- 76O

I N D IA0 100 2000, 100 20,0 NARMADA RIVER DEVELC

KILOMETERS BASIN PROJEc

PROJECT:

RJ3 Sordar Sarovar Dam Site

4 Main Canal

j Branch Canals ,

To (De C- Proposed Dams

4 * ? ___t---Main Canol Under Construction - -

7;- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0

710

A0~

WA tRA XY ir D\ v ~HA HMATI vS * \ / GAAahesana3 EHA

| /< \ @*/ /Hirnalnogar . ,,1. 0

!~~~~~WTA WAKA . RCANAA /

Ahmedabad

22- _ ? JOSAJT ( _4AA W n PAAVAAf<04

T ndnore

Vod/daro 5 _/ _ __ ELEARJANEO \rD 'OWfR/ \R r~~~~~~~~~JAP

.O_d J NAA`ADW.NSAAR

0 R .~~~~~MAEH A

7- Bhoruh R -c._ 7

SA ~~~~~~~~~~~BD CHH07A

KAKRA-PA,9\ -- S /s

B -~ . o A kholo

- 8o °n7bay ? 74e AAAH MXASH I R A 760

780 ~~~~~~~PAKISTAN

:A \~....J Area oh Mao BANGLU -

:A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I

LOPMENT- GUJARAT NDAAJECTS

EXISTING: Arobicn Bay of I

c-21- Dams j Se

- Rivers and Streams T(f_j Basin Boundary N

National Highways | SRI LANKAState Highways | J

- . . Railroads do Principal Cities |

± Airports 8.0State Boundaries

International Boundaries T*O

Bhopal I AAPA

- -; - -- :_ - -- ~ Jabolpur itK / I # JB _PARA --r

KOiAR,:K asm~pr -.-rR ARGI __RGI -

H os \ACAR WA - .ROSRA 4TAWA SHAKXAR ~ ~ ~ BASA HN4A AobAi

-V E5/ARE WA _' - I -ASAVA NAR

0 ,!- _ MORANe _ _- / , HAtOS - bil

AZIV

S: GAA/yMId B _ | z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*'OHB r_Rw AIVIARI

-- JI I / =

Ths mao has been wraWed by The World Bani s staff exc*isAetV for the conveni,ce ofthe readers and is excksvely for the ,nternal use of The World Btank and ie htfernabonalFn,ane Corporation The d0enoarnatbons used and file Vouniddnes shown on ths mnap do notimnDy,. on the part of The WorVd Bank and the Infernabtonal Frinance Corporation, any pudgmenlon the legal status of any ternlory or any enclorserent or acceptance of such boundaries

780 80- JAN

IBRD 17692

INDIA 1191~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DIA f_ I Ar ,

NARMADA RIVER DEVE LOPMENT-G UJARAT ,NDIA h-SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER COMPLEX ;

Head o . *eef iReJ

'4.^Regulolor . \ )

,~~~~., i, -''.1... Uv-i.-- X;. '. . .. ' r"-i

(5--~ ~ ~ ~ ~~.. V- ->; .;-C--},}D-,,, o

e ; s 'd \''-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/ "*.. .;'t'^,.

-2|1 5-_- .J. .-' .-/;

11, Spiliway

\Ponc_muli

3AIC

\ ,/ty-Ju7 {\- - I o' IZ7 -2oS \ *~-~ 0 >t @ 21*

v'fl- -.----

5atdr Srovr Dc Conolx -- - 4-,1 oor aoo - Rsevois,Pods,on ^ isl leLbosrIndi

1111 M ain Canol Head

'_ROkfl Das123nd Rvr_ Gvel Bed Ailbr D,a__ Site

]J]M. Cana|l I *- -_ & _

......... Aces R d(adsscns Tun)

'Iokf- D.ms12.3ond4 ReG l Bed Ak. 'C b1rrdCr-4. 0'

to .0w .o isto tow -. o _ ft *5-*1 ,O*5R StN it

I.rCaCapw.e. to ~.o. 510616 - oo St.' -Dom0.Siten

Spllay50 f. QBAu Ln