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WorldBankIN INDIA

THE

I N S I D E

World Bank lendingperformance in 2005-06 1-6

Development Dialogue:Dealing strategically withfloods in the Northeast 7-9

ICR Update: Tamil NaduWater ResourcesConsolidation Project 10-12

Events 13-14

Recent Project Signings 15

Recent Project Approvals 15

New Additions to the PublicInformation Center 16-27

JULY 2006VOL 5 / NO 1

About the Photograph:An effective spending protocolhas ensured that more WorldBank funds are being used fordevelopment at the grassrootlevel

More World Bank funds earmarked for development in India are

actually reaching the ground now than ever before. Thanks to a

rigorous implementation monitoring protocol forged between the

Government of India (GOI) and the Bank, loans and credits extended by

the Bank are being used for their planned purpose – to provide basic

infrastructure (roads, schools, water and sanitation, electricity and

telecommunications) and better services (healthcare, education, livelihood

opportunities) that can help improve the quality of life for Indians.

For the last two years, the Bank’s India portfolio of projects has shown an

overall disbursement ratio of over 24 percent, as compared to an average

of 17.6 percent for the preceding nine years. This ratio between the amount

of funds actually disbursed by a project in a given fiscal year as

More Bank funds reachingthe ground than ever before

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The World Bank in India • July 2006122

India: Disbursement Ratioagainst the undisbursed amount available

at the beginning of the given year is an

effective index of implementation progress on

the ground, against the spending schedules

agreed between GOI and the Bank.

“The improved disbursements reflect our

huge concern that the projects we support

do make a difference on the ground,” says

Michael Carter, the Bank’s Country Director

in India. “The implementation of development

projects is a complex process and we at the

Bank are constantly trying to improve our

own processes so that we can better support

the successful implementation of these

projects.”

The Bank’s disbursement ratio in India for

the year ending June 2006 (the Bank follows

a July-June fiscal calendar) stands at 25.3

percent, which is significantly higher than

the Bank’s own global FY06 average of

24 percent. It is also higher than the

disbursement ratio of other large borrowers

like China and Indonesia (20.9 percent),

Turkey (11.9 percent) and Vietnam (12.5

percent), but not that of Brazil (40.6 percent).

financial statements and reviewing

procurement documents and decisions

to ensure economy, efficiency and

transparency.

Monthly Reports on Portfolio

Performance: These reports are also

shared with the GOI via the Department

of Economic Affairs in the Ministry of

Finance, as well as with the Controller

of Aids Accounts and Audit.

Sector-specific Reviews with GOI:

Halfway through the Bank’s fiscal year,

in January-February each year, sector

reviews are held with GOI. These detailed

discussions ensure that Bank support to

various sectors like transport, energy,

agriculture etc is tailored to India’s own

development objectives.

Portfolio Performance Reviews with

states: Each year, as the Bank’s fiscal

year draws to a close, the Bank

management in India visits major partner

states to review the performance of each

project being implemented in that state.

The political leadership, as well as

leading government officials, is involved

in the discussions so that all aspects of

implementation are covered and

performance targets for the next year

spelled out.

Portfolio Management Tools

The monitoring processes and

procedures that span the entire

lifespan of a Bank-supported project include:

Readiness Implementation Filters: Any

Bank-supported project being designed

for India needs to meet this set of criteria

agreed between the Bank and GOI. These

cover a range of issues, from the size and

duration of the project; to procurement

processes and public consultations with

people likely to be affected by that project.

Incentives are provided to begin

implementation even before project

approval, through the provision by the

Bank of retroactive financing of

expenditures incurred.

Implementation Support Missions: While

implementation remains the responsibility

of the borrower government/entity, the

Bank’s project task teams, are on call to

provide support in terms of technical

advice and direction. They also make two

extensive site visits each year to review

implementation progress and ensure

compliance with various guidelines that

were agreed upon by the Bank and the

borrower. The Bank’s fiduciary team also

supervises the financial management and

procurement aspects of the project,

including periodically requiring audited

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FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06

20.920.0

17.7

25.323.5

19.9

The World Bank in India • July 2006 12

Below:Villagersrepair theembankmentfor their villagetank underthe KarnatakaCommunity-based TankManagementProject

3

What makes for a project’ssuccess

● Use of SMART objectives:

S (Specific), M (Measurable),

A (Adaptable to project specifics),

R (Reasonable) and T (Timebound)

● Stability in staffing of both project

implementation staff as well as Bank

task team

● Availability of a sound baseline

and a simple, working M&E system

● Timely completion of pre-

construction activities (land

acquisition, resettlement and

rehabilitation, utility shifting and

encumbrance-free site), and

good design, management and

supervision of civil works contracts,

especially in infrastructure projects

● Good governance with community

participation and empowerment

● Timely audits and sound financial

management system

● Proactivity in addressing riskiness

and learning from early warning signs

● Compliance with the Bank’s

fiduciary and safeguard policies

● Good communication strategy

and public disclosure of information

● Proper consultation with and

participation of key stakeholders

● Prompt and timely response of

the Bank team.

Trends in Disbursement Ratio(FY03-FY06)

Bank program and India’spriorities

The climb in effective utilization of funds

coincides with the adoption of the Bank’s

current Country Strategy (CAS) for India in

2004. The CAS, which is the roadmap for the

Bank’s assistance to India over 2004-08 and

supports GOI’s own economic development

program, focuses on reducing poverty

through a combination of infrastructure

development, increasing livelihood

opportunities, and improving health and

education outcomes. The Bank in India

seeks to achieve this through 57 currently

active projects that cover both single-state

projects being implemented by various state

governments as well as multi-state projects

being implemented through the Central

government or through certain public sector

undertakings.

Among the Indian states, Andhra Pradesh

and Karnataka have used Bank funds most

efficiently, achieving disbursement ratios of

42 percent and 33 percent respectively this

year. For Karnataka, in fact, this was a

significant improvement over the 21 percent

figure of last year and bodes well for the

financial sustainability of investments in six

Bank-supported projects in transport, rural

and urban drinking water supply, tank

rehabilitation and watershed development.

The significant improvement in the amount

of Bank funds finding their way to the

ground owes much to the various tools of

the Portfolio Management System (see box)

developed by the Bank in consultation with

GOI. As the implementation of every project

remains the responsibility of the borrower

(in India, this can be either the Central

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

FY03FY04FY05FY06

0

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government itself or, through it, a state

government or a large public sector

undertaking), the key to a project’s

performance lies in the level of cooperation

and agreement achieved by the Bank and

the counterpart entity.

The Bank’s experience as the globe’s

foremost development agency has helped

it hone its antennae as to the possible risks

that might thwart or delay the effective

implementation of a project. Each project is

tracked through its life for any possible

impediments. These risks could relate to

the nitty-gritty of day-to-day project

management, to the procurement of goods,

works and services for the project, or to the

larger issues that impact the environment in

which the project is operating.

At the close of FY 06, some 16 percent of

the Bank’s commitments in India have been

identified as being at risk. “This is a measure

of the candidness of project teams in

reporting actual or potential risks that might

hamper implementation or prevent a

project’s benefits reaching the ground,” says

Rachid Benmessaoud, the Bank’s Operations

Adviser in India. “And being forewarned

means we can be forearmed in developing

strategies to deal with those difficulties.”

4

Above, left & below:The World Bank’s portfolio of rural developmentprojects seek to empower village communities totake charge of their economic, social and naturalresource environments


Widespreadconsultationswithcommunities(right)motivatevillagers toparticipate inthe tree-planting andsoilconservationworks (below)that canregeneratetheir localwatersheds

How the Karnataka WatershedProject turned around

The case of the ongoing Karnataka

Watershed Development Project, in fact,

is a case in point of how a project at risk of

not meeting its development goal was put

back on track. The US$ 100.4 million project

was aimed at helping village communities in

six of Karnataka’s poorest rainfed districts

improve their lives by taking control of their

natural resources. It helped train villagers in

watershed management, thus helping them

improve agricultural productivity and their

own household incomes, and to establish

sustainable access to water for agriculture,

drinking and other daily needs.

Launched in June 2002, the Project took

off to a slow start because the time needed

to train field level staff and motivate village

communities had been underestimated.

Three years of recurring droughts also meant

that farmers were unable to make their

contributions for the planned civil works;

also, the vegetative treatment of watersheds

could not start without rainfall.

The Bank’s mid-term review held in 2003 took

a hard look at the Project and restructured it

based on lessons learned from the first phase

launched in 10 watersheds. Among the steps

taken were:

● simplifying and integrating training

programs

● strengthening local field staff in

government and NGO partners

● simplifying the operational manual

● improving financial management systems

● monitoring and evaluation expanded to

include hi-technological tools like remote-

sensing and GIS (geographic information

systems) mapping, apart from the

standard field surveys and feedback from

villagers.

This increased and persistent focus from

the Bank and the Government was key to the

project’s turnaround, says its task leader at

the bank, Grant Milne. “Participatory

watershed projects are by nature large and

very complex. Hence, they require close

monitoring and most importantly, a

collaborative team that is willing to openly

identify and address issues as they arise,”

he says.

Today, the Karnataka Watershed

Development Project is fully operational,

with local villagers participating in the

management of their natural resources

through 742 Watershed Sanghas, 6,646

Self-Help Groups, and 4,394 Area Groups.

Soil and water conservation works are in

full swing and the first phase is showing

measurable achievements – household

income has increased by 20 percent,

cropping intensity and yields are up by

12 percent and 15 percent respectively,

groundwater yields have increased by

between 250 and 275 gallons per hour,

and 15,000-20,000 person-days of

employment has been generated.

The exacting procedure followed in the

case of the Karnataka Watershed Project

is standard Bank practice for ensuring that

projects stay on track. However, despite the

best of efforts, some projects remain beset

with problems. Over the last five years

9 out of 60 projects have closed without

achieving those development objectives they

had set out to meet. To improve quality at

entry, lessons learned from both closed

projects and projects under implementation

are fed into the design of new projects.

5


The MUTP hashelped bring ina fleet of newbuses (below)and improveroad and raillinks that willreduce thedaily travel-stress forthousands ofMumbai’scommuters(bottom)

Mumbai Urban TransportProject – beset with challenges

The Mumbai Urban Transport Project

(MUTP), for instance, has run up against

repeated roadblocks. The US$ 542 million

Project, launched in 2002, aims to improve

rail and road transportation in the traffic-

choked mega-city of Mumbai. An inevitable

part of the Project was the resettlement of

more than 17,000 households and 2,500

commercial units to make way for the

infrastructure improvements. They were to

be moved to new locations, where new

houses and shops with title to the properties

would be handed over to them.

During its supervision visits and from

complaints filed before the independent

Inspection Panel by affected citizens, the

Bank found that the resettlement and

rehabilitation of some households and shops

affected by the Project had not been carried

out in compliance with the Bank’s Policy on

Involuntary Resettlement. This Policy,

according to the loan agreement between

the Government of Maharashtra and the

Bank, was to have been the cornerstone for

the resettlement of people displaced by the

MUTP. The departure from the Policy during

implementation impelled the Bank in March

2006 to suspend the flow of funds for the

two components of the MUTP. Then came

the Inspection Panel Report which took the

Bank management to task for not complying

with a number of requirements under its own

resettlement policies. (Details of the Report

and of the Management Response are

available at www.worldbank.org.in).

The next three months saw the Bank work

closely with the Government of Maharashtra

and the implementing agency, the Mumbai

Metropolitan Region Development Authority

(MMRDA) to correct the situation and help

lift the suspension, as well as meet the

Action Plan drawn up after the Inspection

Panel report. Their joint efforts bore fruit at

the end of June 2006, when the suspension

was finally lifted by the Bank management.

“The suspension was a corrective measure

and helped the Bank and the MMRDA forge

improvements in the project

implementation,” says Hubert Nove-

Josserand, the Bank’s task leader for MUTP.

“There’s a more transparent process of

resettlement and rehabilitation with better

communications in place, a better grievance

redressal mechanism and a more

satisfactory resettlement process which

better assists the relocated people to adjust

to their new location.”

Above:New resettlement colonies are being developed tohouse the slum-dwellers and other poor peopledisplaced by the MUTP

6


of 7.54 million hectares. The problem is

further exacerbated by riverbank erosion,

which destroys about 8,000 hectares of

riparian land along the Brahmaputra

annually. Although the total area affected

by floods has been remarkably stable over

the past decades, the socio-economic

disruption associated with flooding has been

Floods in the Northeast are afact of life and have to be dealtwith strategically

In Assam, the river lies in a well-defined

alluvial valley ranging from 40 to 100 km

in width and bounded by mountains and

hills. As with most rivers flowing in alluvial

valleys, regular overbank flooding is a

natural characteristic. In the Brahmaputra,

this tendency is aggravated by two

additional factors.

First, the load of sandy bed sediment

that tends to build up the riverbed is

comparatively high in relation to the fine-

grained wash load that tends to build up

the floodplain, so that the river is

somewhat perched above its floodplain.

Second, the 1950 earthquake, which

delivered unusually large quantities of bed

sediment, raised Brahmaputra riverbed

levels throughout Assam by up to three

metres at the upstream end.

Thus, the mighty river offers both livelihood

and economic opportunity in the form of

fisheries, inland water transport, electricity

generation, and irrigation, but it also brings

destruction through the severe and

recurring floods. And, as is so often the

case, the poor are the most affected.

What makes the Brahmaputra both the Northeast’slifeline and its curse?

‘The Brahmaputra in spate, floods in

Assam’: It’s a familiar newspaper

headline for this time of the year in any year.

Floods in India’s Northeast are as much a

chronic problem as a cliche; they affect an

annual average of 1 million hectares of land.

In bad years, the floods could cover as much

as four million hectares of Assam’s total area

Development Dialogue

The Brahmaputra River, with a basin

area of 580,000 km – roughly the size

of France – is among the largest, most

flood-prone, and most unstable rivers in

the world. Just over 50 percent of the

basin lies in China, 33.6 percent in India,

8.1 percent in Bangladesh and 7.8 percent

in Bhutan. In India, it flows through

Arunachal Pradesh and Assam from east

to west over a length of approximately

918 km. For almost its entire journey

through the Northeast the river is broken

into several channels separated by islands

and bars which, in times of flood, often

get submerged or disappear entirely.


Above:Annualflooding causeshugedisruptions inthe life andeconomy of theregion

rising thanks to population and economic

growth in the Northeast. The reported

average annual damage sustained over five

years between 1999 and 2004 is about

US$ 163 million.

These figures do not take account of losses

from a related calamity – erosion. The

estimated area of 386,000 hectares eroded

since 1954 has reportedly affected more

than 90,000 families and 2,500 villages,

and translates into an annual erosion rate

of about 8,000 hectares. The present value

of the foregone production on the 386,000

hectares is to the order of US$ 790 million!

What can be done

to address this

problem?

Is money

an issue?

Between

fiscal years 1983

and 1987, six of the

eight Northeastern

states sought flood

relief from the Central

government amounting

to US$ 195.5 million, and

received assistance of US$

36.1 million. Between 1999 and

2004, when average annual flood

damage in Assam was estimated

at US$ 163 million, the allocation

of the Central Relief Fund averaged US$ 21

million. Further funding has been made

available from a variety of government

allocations. Thus, funding for flood response

has not exactly covered the damages.

However, relief is at best a short-term

response, not a desirable solution. What is

needed is a more strategic approach to flood

management.

Traditionally, floods have been controlled

either by building upstream dams and

reservoirs to store floodwaters, or by

building embankments along the river to

keep out the floodwaters. In the case of the

Brahmaputra, embankments have been

the prime measure used for flood control.

Upstream storage could help manage floods,

but embankments would still be needed for

an integrated flood management approach.

Today, the existing infrastructure in the

Northeast covers about 5,500 km of

embankments (out of which 4,500 km in

Assam alone) and a complex matrix of sluices,

drainage channels and anti-erosion structures.

Its replacement value is estimated at over

US$ 1,000 million.

However, the embankments in many areas

need repair. They have been breached by

river and rainfall erosion, and by inadequate

compaction during construction. The

stability of several embankments is also

threatened by dense human settlements on


Below:Erosion controlmeasures alongthe banks of theBrahmaputra

9

their slopes. Global experience has shown

that the annual cost of maintaining earthen

embankments is between 2 percent and 3

percent of the capital cost of the earthwork.

This calls for an annual maintenance

investment of US$ 20-30 million for the flood

control embankments of the Brahmaputra

and Barak valleys – an investment that has

seldom been forthcoming.

It is important to note that even with the best

efforts, floods in the Brahmaputra and Barak

valleys are likely to remain a fact of life.

Accordingly, in addition to physical flood

control investments, local communities

could and should be enabled to cope with

floods, possibly even benefit from them.

Certain policy options to promote adaptive

land use, particularly with respect to

agriculture, can also help reduce the impact

of floods. In practice this would involve

shifting agriculture production systems to

the rabi/boro and kharif I seasons, relying

heavily on extraction of ground water and

thereby reducing reliance on the kharif II

season when crops are most susceptible to

flooding.

Much can be learned from certain innovative

practices of local communities. For instance,

local farmers have combined traditional rice

crops in an innovative mixed-cropping

pattern that can survive high water. Adapting

this to larger areas, developing beels to trap

moderate floods as well as provide fishing

opportunities, and introducing better-quality

cattle and veterinary extension services can

help reduce the vulnerability of farming

communities in floodprone areas.

Communities have also suggested that they

be assisted in developing high platforms that

can be used for shelter during floods.

There are needs for a set of institutional

changes to build capacity and infrastructure

for effective flood and erosion management

in the Northeast. Such changes would

include:

(i) The creation of an effective river basin

management organization that would

focus on the basin as a whole, but with

decentralized capacity and decision-

making where possible and necessary

(ii) The development of an appropriate flood

and erosion monitoring system with

information available to all stakeholders

(iii) Development of a functional flood

warning and community alert system

(iv) Enhancement of communities’ capacities

to “live intelligently with floods” through

strengthening coping mechanisms,

supporting and learning from

innovations, improving basic health

services etc

(v) Review and adjust existing agencies’

internal incentive structures (including

budget allocations and accountability

structures) to enhance delivery of

services

(vi) Increased transparency in planning,

design, and implementation of flood and

erosion mitigation work to increase

stakeholder support and to reduce

opportunities for political interference

and corruption.

Increased transparency should result in

improved public confidence, paving the way

for budget allocations that are more directly

linked to long-term meaningful

accomplishments rather than short-term

projects and emergency relief. This is

particularly relevant if a more proactive

approach is to be taken to flood and erosion

management, which demands that funds be

available for interventions that strategically

address changes in the river system, rather

than the more traditional approach of

defining, well in advance, a reach of the river

where protection will be provided – whether

or not active erosion is taking place.

(This article has been adapted from the

draft strategy report Natural Resources, Water

and the Environment: Nexus for Development and

Growth in Northeast India being prepared jointly

by the World Bank and the Ministry of

Development of the Northeastern Region)


ICR Update

Below:A woman’sself-help grouptakes to jointmarketing

This is a short summary of the Implementation Completion Report (ICR) of a recently-closed World Bank project. The full text of the ICR is available on the Bank’s website.

To access this document, go to www.worldbank.org/reference/ and then opt for the Documents& Reports section.

Approval Date: 20 June 1995

Closing Date: 30 September 2004

Total Project Cost: US$M 245.20

Bank Financing: US$M 219.80

Implementing Agency: Water ResourcesOrganization,Government ofTamil Nadu

Outcome: Satisfactory

Sustainability: Likely

InstitutionalDevelopment Impact: Substantial

Bank Performance: Satisfactory

Borrower Performance: Satisfactory

Tamil Nadu Water Resources Consolidation Project

Context:

Tamil Nadu is severely short of water in

some areas, and has almost reached the full

extent of its exploitation potential. Future

economic development will thus depend on

the more efficient allocation and use of water

between sectors, especially agriculture,

which consumes some 75 percent of the

state’s water.

Irrigation covers 2.4 million hectares (41

percent of the state’s net cropped area).

The state’s irrigation system is the product

of old investment, in the case of many tanks

going back several centuries or more.

Neglected and underfunded maintenance

has resulted in deterioration of most systems,

unreliable water to head-end farmers, and

often no water for tailenders. Limited water

availability rules out the possibility of new

investment, but much can be done to

improve the performance of existing irrigation

systems.

Project Development Objectives:

To:

(i) introduce water resources planning by

river basins across all uses of water;

(ii) improve agricultural productivity by

modernizing and completing irrigation

systems, and upgrading water

management and farmer participation;

(iii) assure the sustainability of water

infrastructure and the environment; and

(iv) improve the state’s institutional and

technical capability for managing its

water resources.

Project Components:

(i) System improvement and handing over

to farmers

(ii) Scheme completions

(iii) Water planning, environmental

management and research

(iv) Institutional strengthening

(v) Land acquisition and economic

rehabilitation

Achievements:

I. Improving water planning, environmental

management and research

● The Groundwater Act and the Tamil Nadu

Farmers’ Management of Irrigation

Systems Act 2000 (FMIS) Act was passed.


However, the regulations to establish

the Tamil Nadu Groundwater Authority,

essential for the implementation of the

Act, were yet to be issued when the

Project closed.

● Environmental considerations related to

the water sector have been mainstreamed.

● The state comprises 17 river basins, some

of which are minor ones. Water planning

at the basin-level was completed for five

major basins, the Palar, Vaippar, Kodayar,

Vaigai and Tambaraparani rivers. The

Cauvery was not included because of an

outstanding dispute between Tamil Nadu

and Karnataka over the sharing of its

waters. Two pilot Basin Boards were also

set up for the Palar and Tambaraparani

basins, the first such forums in South Asia

involving a broad base of stakeholders.

II. Improving irrigation infrastructure and

ensuring its sustainability:

● Irrigation schemes covering close to

650,000 hectares were improved and

modernized.

● The maintenance of lesser canals (those

serving less than about 700 ha) and

structures in the Project area is now the

responsibility of farmers themselves, via

some 1,566 water users’ associations

(WUAs).

III.Improving agricultural productivity:

● Improved irrigation and its management by

farmers helped push up agricultural

productivity The estimated increase in

agricultural production due to the Project

includes 376,900 tonnes per year of paddy

and 31,000 tonnes per year of groundnuts.

● A demonstration model on Irrigated

Agriculture Improvement Program (IAIP)

helped participating farmers get 18 percent

higher paddy yields with 25 percent lower

consumption of water than farmers who

did not participate in the demonstration.

The state department of agriculture decided

to adopt the IAIP method of rice cultivation

on a large scale.

● Another model introduced in an area of

about 3,000 ha in the Hanuman Nadi

sub-basin showcased innovations in

agriculture intensification, diversification

and commercialization using modern

methods of irrigation. The model saw the

various line departments work in an

integrated manner prompting the state

government to plan on replicating this

approach.

IV. Improving dam safety:

● Works carried over from the World Bank

Dam Safety Project at the Vidur, Sathanur,

Gomukhi and Sethiathoppu dams and

additional works at Wellington Dam have

been completed.

V. Improving institutional and technical

capabilities for managing the state’s

water resources:

● An independent Water Resources

Organization was established within the

Public Works Department (PWD) and was

structured on river basins. The new

organization has helped radically change

the orientation of the engineer-led body

to one more sensitive to other related

issues including environmental concerns,

the needs of improved agricultural

production, as well as the resettlement of

people affected by land acquisition.

VI.Land acquisition and economic

rehabilitation

● The Project ensured that all 1,460 people

affected or displaced when land was

acquired for various irrigation schemes

have been so resettled that they are either

as well off or better than their previous

The Sathanurirrigationcanal beforethe Project(above left)and after themodernizationworks werecompleted(above right)


Below:The Projecthelped trainfarmers in arange of alliedlivelihoodsincluding fishfarming

situation. This has been borne out by

surveys conducted before and after land

acquisition report.

Sustainability Quotient:

● Recent overall expenditure on maintenance

by WRO seems adequate for the

sustainability of the larger irrigation systems.

● The maintenance of the smaller canals

is now the responsibility of farmers. The

WUAs have only recently been formed

and will require considerable training and

practical guidance to perform their O&M

duties satisfactorily. However, they

understand that it is in their own interests

to ensure that their canals are adequately

maintained and it is likely that they will

do this. The Government of Tamil Nadu

has also indicated its decision to pursue

this through budget allocations.

● The Government of Tamil Nadu has yet

to take the administrative and legislative

measures required to fully operationalize

the Basin Boards and the associated

technical secretariat. However, its provision

of adequate budgetary support and its

plans to extend the concept to four more

basins augurs well for sustainability.

● Although water charges were increased to

levels that could meet the O&M expenses,

this has not been implemented during the

last two years due to a continuous drought

in the region. The implementation of these

measures is essential for sustained

operation and management of the systems.

● The Government of Tamil Nadu has

requested the Bank for further assistance

which would enable the state to continue

and build upon the impressive reforms

and physical achievements.

Lessons Learnt:

● A separate component for Land

Acquisition and Economic Rehabilitation,

with a separate Cell, works well for

acquiring land but there are still limitations

in the ability to economically rehabilitate

project affected persons.

● The economic impact of an irrigation

project will be improved by the inclusion

of an component of strong agricultural

support services. A multi-disciplinary

approach to agricultural development

should be continued. Investment in

agricultural services should be flexible

enough with government extension

services and tied to marketing networks.

● More efficient procurement organization

and procedures might avoid some serious

delays in project implementation.

Frequent training in the Bank’s

procurement procedures during

implementation is necessary, given the

turn-over of middle-level staff, to avoid

delays in procurement aspects.

● Involving intended beneficiaries in

planning, implementation and monitoring

improves transparency, instills a sense of

ownership and can reduce conflicts.

● NGOs can play a useful role in training

farmers and WUAs but NGOs need to

have adequate experience in this work.

● Recognizing the role of WUAs as change

agents, the involvement of women

farmers and NGOs can create a multiplier

effect. Convergence of various

development schemes operating in WUAs

should be routed through them to have

additive effects.

● Focus on policy issues, institutional

restructuring, cost recovery aspects

should be consistent through the lifespan

of the Project.

Right:The Mordhanareservoir afterimprovementsmade underthe Project


Events

The World Bank in collaboration with

Indian Council for Research on

International Economic Relations (ICRIER),

New Delhi, organized a Workshop on

‘Increased Integration of China and India in

the Global Financial System’, where experts

from India and China presented papers in

preparation for the forthcoming World Bank-

IMF Annual Meetings scheduled for

September 2006 in Singapore.

The Delhi Workshop discussed two broad

sets of questions: How is the emergence of

and policy changes in China and India

changing the patterns of international capital

flows and balance sheets, and; What issues

and challenges does the increased

integration of China and India in the

international financial system pose for the

global financial system?

For more information on the workshop

please visit the Events section on

www.worldbank.org.in

TRAINING PROGRAM

Promoting Peer Group Dialogue and

Monitoring on Economic Management:

Public Finances in South Asia

29 May to 23 June 2006 • Patna

A series of workshops were held across

the country to launch the World Bank’s

recent study on reforming service delivery in

India. The Report documents 31 cases of

innovations in service delivery across a

range of sectors and draws critical lessons

for scaling-up.

Among the instruments identified as being

key to improving service delivery are

(i) promoting competition,

(ii) simplifying transactions,

(iii) restructuring agency processes,

(iv) decentralization,

(v) building political support for program

delivery, and

(vi) strengthening cross-cutting

accountability mechanisms.

The Report was released in Patna, Mumbai,

Kolkata, Ranchi, Bangalore and New Delhi

over May and June through workshops that

saw bureaucrats, NGOs, academicians and

the media come together to discuss its

findings. The national launch took place in

New Delhi on 23 June, when the Report was

released by Minister of state for Commerce,

Jairam Ramesh. It was attended among

others by World Bank Chief Economist for

South East Asia Shantayanan Devarajan,

World Bank Country Director for India

Michael Carter, Chairperson Delhi Public

Grievances Commission Shailaja Chandra

and Editor Pioneer Chandan Mitra.

REPORT LAUNCH

Reforming Services in India: Drawing

Lessons from Success

May-June 2006 • New Delhi

WORKSHOP

Increased Integration of China and

India in the Global Financial System:

Issues and Implications

26 May 2006 • New Delhi

13

A four-week training program in ‘Public

Economics and Policy’ for university

and college teachers and government

officials of the South Asia Region was

organized by the National Institute of Public

Finance and Policy (NIPFP) last month. This

program was funded by the Bank under the

Non-lending Technical Assistance (TA) for

Promoting Peer Group Dialogue and Monitoring.

About 24 university/college teachers from

15 Indian States – Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi,

Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala,


WORKSHOP

Developing India’s Corporate Bond

Market

9 June 2006 • Mumbai

Maharashtra, Manipur, Orissa, Rajasthan,

Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal

– and 16 government officials/professors

from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan,

Pakistan, Maldives, Afghanistan and Nepal

participated in this refresher course.

The main objective of the TA is to support

the academic fraternity of the region in

enhancing their knowledge and skills in public

economics. At the same time it would

encourage the teaching community to

participate actively in public discourse on

economic policies in their respective

countries through articles and analytical work.

A draft note on ‘Developing India’s

Corporate Bond Market’ was prepared

by a World Bank team at the request of the

Ministry of Finance in May 2006. Following

this a workshop was held on June 9 in

Mumbai to discuss the recommendations of

a high-level Expert Committee appointed by

the Ministry of Finance on corporate bond

market development. Other than discussing

the Expert Committee recommendations,

14

A consultation workshop with NGOs will

be held for the forthcoming World

Bank’s Country Environment Analysis (CEA)

for India, entitled Strengthening Institutions

for Sustainable Growth, on 7 July 2006.

The India CEA, which aims to help

strengthen the environmental policy

implementation framework, covers three

select sectors – industry, highways, and

power – that are among the main drivers of

growth in India and also have major

environmental impacts. It contains a

combination of sector-wide reviews of

environmental challenges, policies,

regulations, and institutions; identification

of best national and international practices;

and case studies of implementation

experiences in the three sectors.

The objectives of this Workshop are to

review the emerging findings and draft

recommendations with a view to obtaining

feedback and suggestions from a wide range

of non-governmental stakeholders dealing

with environmental management as to

how and prioritize the proposed program

of actions.

PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS

India Country Environment Analysis:

Strengthening Institutions for

Sustainable Growth

7 July 2006 • New Delhi

PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS

Water, Natural Resources and the

Environment Nexus for Development

and Growth in Northeast India

26-27 June 2006 • Delhi

The Bank and the Ministry of the

Development of the North-East Region

(MoDONER) are preparing a report on Water,

Natural Resources and the Environment

Nexus for Development and Growth in

Northeast India. A workshop was held to

garner feedback from stakeholders from

the region.

The Union Ministers of Tribal Affairs &

Development of North-East Region and

Water Resources and the Chief Minister of

Arunachal Pradesh were among those who

attended. The Bank’s Country Director in

India, Michael Carter addressed the

inaugural session.

the Workshop participants – from the

government, banks, financial institutions,

regulatory agencies, academics and local

and international capital market – discussed

the implementation arrangements and a

roadmap for developing the corporate bond

market in India.

Forthcoming Events


The flagship report of the World Bank in

India, the Development Policy Review for

2006 titled Inclusive Growth and Service

Delivery: Building on India’s Success, will

be launched at a workshop in Delhi.

This event will be followed by a series of

state-level workshops in the month of August.

REPORT LAUNCH

India Development Policy Review

26 July 2006 • New Delhi

Karnataka Municipal Reform Project

2 May 2006

A US$ 216 million loan agreement for the

Karnataka Municipal Reforms Project

was signed in New Delhi between the

Government of India, the state government

of Karnataka and the World Bank.

The loan will help improve the delivery of

urban services in Karnataka by financing

improvements in the urban infrastructure,

and by helping improve the institutional and

financial frameworks at the state and local

levels. The Karnataka Municipal Reform

Project is designed to support an evolving

process of urban reform. These reforms are

expected to result in the creation of well-

governed and functioning cities that are able

to finance and deliver basic urban services

for the urban poor in a sustainable manner.

Recent Projects Signed

The Report this year presents an analysis

of two main themes:

(i) Institutional reform to enhance the

capability of public sector institutions to

ensure the effective delivery of core

services and;

(ii) Sustaining rapid growth and making the

process of economic growth more inclusive

– across sectors, across regions, and

bringing the benefits of higher incomes and

living standards to more people.

Recent Projects Approved

Karnataka Panchayats Strengthening

Project, 29 June 2006

Poor people living in Karnataka villages

stand to benefit from a US$ 120 million

World Bank credit aimed at improving the

effectiveness of service delivery by gram

panchayats.

The Karnataka Panchayats Strengthening

Project will strengthen the capacity of rural

local governments in the state to manage

public resources and effectively deliver

services such as primary health, primary

education, drinking water, and sanitation.

The Project will provide block grants to

finance services listed in panchayat

participatory plans and budgets. The Project

will also increase the ability of rural people

to voice their demands on local governments,

in particular for the poorest and excluded

people such as women, scheduled castes

and tribes.

Power System Development Project III

2 May 2006

A US$ 400 million loan agreement for the

Power System Development Project III

was signed between the Government of

India, the Powergrid Corporation of India

and the World Bank in New Delhi. The Power

System Development Project III is designed

to strengthen India’s transmission system in

order to increase reliable power exchanges

between the regions and states of the

country.

The Project will help improve Powergrid’s

service by strengthening the transmission

system in power-deficit regions and

increasing inter-regional transmission

capacity and; by developing institutional

capacity to facilitate the implementation of

open access and inter-regional trading.

The World Bank in India • July 2006 12 16

New Additions to thePublic Information Center

This is a select listing of recent World Bank publications, working papers, operationaldocuments and other information resources that are now available at the New Delhi Office

Public Information Center. Policy Research Working Papers, Project Appraisal Documents,Project Information Documents and other reports can be downloaded in pdf format from‘Documents and Reports’ at www.worldbank.org

Publications may be consulted and copiesof unpriced items obtained from:

The World Bank PIC70 Lodi EstateNew Delhi -110 003

Tel: 011-2461 7241Fax: 011-2461 9393

Internet: www-wds.worldbank.orgEmail: [email protected]

To order priced publications

Allied Publishers Ltd.751 Mount RoadChennai - 600 002

Tel: 044-852 3938Fax: 044-852 0649Email: [email protected]

BookwellHead Office2/72 Nirankari ColonyDelhi - 110 009

Tel: 011-2725 1283

Sales Office:24/4800 Ansari RoadDarya GanjNew Delhi - 110 002

Tel: 011-2326 8786, 2325 7264Fax: 011-2328 1315Email: [email protected]

Anand Associates1219 Stock Exchange Tower12th Floor Dalal StreetMumbai - 400 023

Tel: 022-2272 3065/66Fax: 022-2272 3067Email: [email protected]: www.myown.org

Team Spirit (India) Pvt. Ltd.B - 1 Hirak CentreSardar Patel ChowkNehru Park, VastrapurAhmedabad - 380 015

Tel: 079-676 4489

Email: [email protected]

India Publications

Improving Access to Finance for India’s Rural PoorBy Priya BasuPrice: $ 25.00English Paperback 152 pagesPublished May 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6146-5 SKU: 16146

Finance is an extraordinarilyeffective tool in spreadingeconomic opportunity andfighting poverty. India has arelatively deep financialsystem and wide networkof rural banks. But India’sfinancial markets andinstitutions have not servedpoor people well; despiteimprovements in thedelivery of financialservices over the past three

decades, the vast majority of India’s poor households,concentrated in rural areas, do not have access toformal finance.

Improving Access to Finance for India’s Rural Poorexamines the current level and pattern of access tofinance for India’s rural households, evaluates variousapproaches for delivering financial services to the ruralpoor, analyzes what lies behind the lack of adequatefinancial access for the rural poor, and identifies what itwould take to improve access to finance for India’srural poor.

Based on the analysis of a large-scale rural householdsurvey, in combination with an evaluation of the role offinancial markets and institutions, this title alsoexamines different forms of financial service provision,including formal, informal and microfinance, raisesquestions about approaches used so far to addressfinancial exclusion, and makes recommendations forpolicy advisors and financial service providers on howto scale-up access to finance for India’s rural poor, tomeet their diverse financial needs (savings, credit,insurance against unexpected events, etc.), in acommercially sustainable manner. Its conclusions willbe of interest to anyone involved in economic policy,finance or microfinance, poverty analysis, and povertyreduction.


India Policy Research Working Papers Consequently, Bangalore’s dynamism in the IT industrystems from linear and extensive growth rather thannonlinear and intensive growth. The author argues thatBangalore has serious innovation challenges with weakuniversity-industry linkages, lack of inter-firmcollaboration, and the absence of cross-fertilizationbetween the knowledge-intensive defense/publicsector and the commercial IT industry.

To strengthen Bangalore’s and India’s innovationsystem, the Indian business model must be reformedby diversifying geographical and product markets,stemming international and internal brain drain, andcontributing to urban infrastructure.

What are public services worth, and to whom?Non-parametric estimation of capitalization in Pune

By Somik V. Lall and Mattias LundbergWPS3924

The availability and quality of basic public services areimportant determinants of urban quality of life. In manycities, rapid population growth and fiscal constraintsare limiting the extent to which urban governments cankeep up with increasing demand for these services. Ittherefore becomes important to prioritize the provisionof those services to best reflect local demand.

The authors present a strategy to estimate the demandfor public services, which is sensitive to heterogeneityin preferences across types of households, and thenonparametric estimation addresses problems arisingfrom functional form restrictions.

Using data from Pune, they estimate the demand forpublic services, as represented by the marginal changein the self-assessed monthly rental price of dwellingsfrom the services. The authors find that the value ofpublicly provided services accruing to the poor isgreater than that going to wealthier households, andeven untargeted across-the-board investment inspecific services can be progressive.

Exports, university-industry linkages and innovationchallenges in Bangalore, India

By Anthony P. D’CostaWPS3887

The success of the Indian software industry is nowinternationally recognized. Consequently, scholars,policymakers, and industry officials everywheregenerally anticipate the increasing competitiveness ofIndia in high technology activities.

Using a structural framework, the author argues thatBangalore’s (and India’s) information technology (IT)industry is predicated on an Indian business modelwhich does not encourage thick institutional linkagessuch as those encapsulated by the triple helix model.Under this institutional arrangement there is cross-fertilization of new ideas and new modes of institutionalinteraction between industry, academia, andgovernment.

Though there are several hundred IT businesses in amilieu of numerous engineering and science collegesand high-end public sector research institutes, thesupposed thick institutional architecture is in realityquite thin. This is due to a particular type of an export-oriented model which is based on off-shoredevelopment of software services, targeted mainly tothe United States. Neither domestic market nor non-U.S. markets such as East Asia are pursuedaggressively by Indian firms, which offer alternativeforms of learning.

Other Publications

Global Development Finance 2006: The DevelopmentPotential of Surging Capital Flows (Vols I and II)

Price: $ 55.00English Paperback224 pagesPublished June 2006ISBN: 0-8213-5990-8SKU: 15990

International private capitalflows to developingcountries reached a recordnet level of $ 491 billion in2005. This surge in private

capital flows offers national and international policymakers a major opportunity to bolster developmentefforts if they can successfully meet three challenges.

The first is to ensure that more countries, especiallypoorer ones, enhance their access to internationalcapital through improvements in their macroeconomicperformance, investment climate, and use of aid.

The second is to avoid sudden capital flow reversalsby redressing global imbalances through policies thatrecognize the growing interdependencies betweendeveloped and developing countries’ financial andexchange rate relations in determining global financialliquidity and asset price movements.

And the third is to ensure that development finance,both official and private, is managed judiciously tomeet the development goals of recipient countrieswhile promoting greater engagement with globalfinancial markets. These are the themes and concernsof this year’s edition of Global Development Finance.

Vol I. Anlaysis and Statistical Appendix reviews recenttrends in financial flows to developing countries.

Vol II. Summary and Country Tables includescomprehensive data for 138 countries, as well assummary data for regions and income groups. AlsoAvailable on CD-ROM and Online, with more than200 historical time series from 1970 to 2004, andcountry group estimates for 2005.


World Development Indicators 2006

By World BankPrice: $ 75.00English Paperback242 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6470-7SKU: 16470

Looking for accurate,up-to-date data ondevelopment issues? Thisindispensable statistical

reference allows you to consult over 800 indicators forsome 150 economies and 14 country groups in morethan 80 tables. It provides a current overview of themost recent data available as well as importantregional data and income group analysis in six thematicchapters: World View, People, Environment, Economy,States and Markets, and Global Links. The CD-ROMeditions contain 43 years of time series data, covering1960 to 2004, and offers mapping, charting, and dataexport formats.

Global Monitoring Report 2006: StrengtheningMutual Accountability – Aid, Trade, and Governance

By World BankPrice: $ 26.00 (Pre-order)English Paperback248 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6477-4SKU: 16477

This third edition of theGlobal Monitoring Reportexamines the commitmentsand actions of donors,

international financial institutions, and developingcountries to implement the Millennium Declaration,signed by 189 countries in 2000.

This report takes a closer look at the donors’ 2005commitments to aid and debt relief, and argues thatrigorous, sustained monitoring is needed to ensure thatthey are met and deliver results, and to prevent thecycle of accumulating unsustainable debt fromrepeating itself. International financial institutions needto focus on development outcomes rather than inputs,and strengthen their capacity to manage for results indeveloping countries.

Little Book of External Debt 2006

By World BankPrice: $ 15.00English Paperback 240 pagesISBN: 0-8213-6605-X SKU: 16605

This first edition of The Little Book onExternal Debt provides a quickreference for users interested inexternal debt stocks and flows, majoreconomic aggregates, key debt ratios,

and the currency composition of long-term debt for allcountries reporting through the Debtor Reportingsystem. A pocket edition of the Global DevelopmentFinance 2006, Volume II: Summary and Country Tables,it contains statistical tables for 135 countries as well assummary tables for regional and income groups.

Little Data Book 2006

By World BankPrice: $ 15.00English PaperbackPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6475-8 SKU: 16475

A pocket-sized reference on keydevelopment data for over 200countries, that provides profiles ofeach country with 54 development

indicators about people, environment, economy,technology and infrastructure, trade and finance.

The Little Green Data Book 2006

By World BankPrice: $ 15.00English PaperbackPublished May 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6476-6 SKU: 16476

A pocket-sized reference on keyenvironmental data for over 200countries that includes key indicatorson agriculture, forestry, biodiversity,

energy, emission and pollution, and water andsanitation.

Thirty Years of World Bank Shelter Lending: WhatHave We Learned?

Edited by Robert M.Buckley and Jerry KalarickalPrice: $ 10.00English Paperback132 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6577-0SKU: 16577

Then World Bank PresidentRobert McNamaralaunched the Bank’s shelterassistance programs sayingthat ‘If cities do not begin

to deal more constructively with poverty, poverty maybegin to deal more destructively with cities.’ Theseconcerns would appear to have even more resonancetoday as the population of cities in developingcountries increasing by unprecedented levels of morethan 1 billion people per year for the next 15 years.This magnitude suggests the scale of the increase inthe investment in shelter needed to meet the needs ofthis growing population.


Regulatory Governance in Infrastructure Industries:Assessment and Measurement of BrazilianRegulators

By Paulo Correa,Carlos Pereira, BernardoMueller and Marcus Melo

English Paperback88 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6609-2SKU: 16609

This paper assessesand measures regulatorygovernance in 21

infrastructure regulators in Brazil. Regulatorygovernance has four main attributes: Autonomy;decision-rules; means and tools; and accountability. Aranking is proposed and the main areas forimprovement identified. A comparison of the proposedregulatory governance index and other indexesinternationally available is performed.

Global Integration and Technology Transfer

Edited by Bernard M.Hoekman and BeataSmarzynska Javorcik

Price: $ 35.00English Paperback368 pagesPublished April 2006 byPalgrave Macmillan,World BankISBN: 0-8213-6125-2SKU: 16125

The importance ofinternational technology diffusion (ITD) for economicdevelopment can hardly be overstated. Both theacquisition of technology and its diffusion fosterproductivity growth. Developing countries have longsought to use both national policies and internationalagreements to stimulate ITD.

The ‘correct’ policy intervention, if any, dependscritically upon the channels through which technologydiffuses internationally and the quantitative effectsof the various diffusion processes on efficiency andproductivity growth. Neither is well understood.New technologies may be embodied in goods andtransferred through imports of new varieties ofdifferentiated products or capital goods andequipment, they may be obtained through exposureto foreign buyers or foreign investors or they may beacquired through arms-length trade in intellectualproperty, e.g., licensing contracts. Global Integrationand Technology Transfer uses cross-country and firmlevel panel data sets to analyze how specific activities– exporting, importing, FDI, joint ventures – impactproductivity performance.

Economic Cooperation in the Wider Central AsiaRegion

By William Byrd, MartinRaiser, Anton Dobronogovand Alexander Kitain

Price: $ 10.00English Paperback94 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6601-7SKU: 16601

This title explores ways tounlock the potential forregional development and

economic cooperation in the wider Central Asia region.It argues that understanding critical clusters ofinterrelated issues, and explicitly taking into accountgeopolitical and political economy considerations, arekey in this regard. Regional countries and otherstakeholders should focus on a few areas where thereare real prospects for success in the short run; acombination of modest win-win initiatives and somebold strokes that augment and change the distributionof benefits and hence make cooperation more likely todeliver progress.

Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries(2nd Edition)

Edited by Dean T. Jamison,Joel G. Breman, Anthony R.Measham, George Alleyne,Mariam Claeson, David B.Evans, Prabhat Jha, AnneMills and Philip Musgrove

Price: $ 125.00English 1452 pagesPublished April 2006 byOxford University Press ,World Bank

ISBN: 0-8213-6179-1 SKU: 16179

Based on careful analysis of the burden of diseaseand the costs of interventions, this second edition ofDisease Control Priorities in Developing Countrieshighlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotescost-effective interventions to targeted populations;and encourages integrated efforts to optimize health.

Nearly 500 experts – scientists, epidemiologists,health economists, academicians, and public healthpractitioners – from around the world contributed tothe data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated,comprehensive reference volume on the state ofhealth in developing countries.


Priorities in Health

Edited by Dean T. Jamison,Joel G. Breman, Anthony R.Measham, George Alleyne,Mariam Claeson, David B.Evans, Prabhat Jha, AnneMills and Philip Musgrove

Price: $ 10.00English 212 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6260-7SKU: 16260

This companion guide to Disease Control Priorities inDeveloping Countries, 2nd edition speeds the diffusionof life-saving knowledge by distilling the contents ofthe larger volume into an easily read format.

Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors

Edited by Alan D. Lopez,Colin D. Mathers,Majid Ezzati, Dean T.Jamison and Christopher J.L. Murray

Price: $ 65.00English 552 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6262-3SKU: 16262

This volume is a singleup-to-date source on the entire global epidemiologyof diseases, injuries and risk factors with acomprehensive statement of methods and a completepresentation of results. It includes refined methods toassess data, ensure epidemiological consistency, andsummarize the disease burden. Global Burden ofDisease and Risk Factors examines the comparativeimportance of diseases, injuries, and risk factors; itincorporates a range of new data sources to developconsistent estimates of incidence, prevalence, severityand duration, and mortality for 136 major diseases andinjuries.

Drawing from more than 8,500 data sources thatinclude epidemiological studies, disease registers, andnotifications systems, Global Burden of Disease andRisk Factors incorporates information from more than10,000 datasets relating to population health andmortality, representing one of the largest syntheses ofglobal information on population health to date.

IEG Review of World Bank Assistance for FinancialSector Reform

By Laurie Effron

Price: $ 20.00English Paperback168 pagesPublished May 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6305-0 SKU: 16305

This evaluation presents an independent assessmentof the Bank’s support for financial sector reforms overthe period FY93-03. It assesses the extent to which theobjectives of Bank assistance were achieved, includingreducing government ownership of financialintermediaries, decreased market concentration,increased competition and efficiency, healthier andmore stable financial intermediaries, and deeper, moredeveloped financial systems. It also examines Banksupport for financial sector reforms in countries undercrisis.

Health Financing Revisited: A Practitioner’s Guide

By Pablo Gottret andGeorge Schieber

Price: $ 40.00English Paperback336 pagesPublished March 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6585-1SKU: 16585

Analyzing the currentglobal environment, thebook discusses healthfinancing goals in the

context of both the underlying health, demographic,social, economic, political and demographic analyticsas well as the institutional realities faced by developingcountries. It assesses policy options in the contextof global evidence, the international aid architecture,cross-sectoral interactions, and countries’macroeconomic frameworks and overall developmentplans.

2005 Annual Report on Operations Evaluation

By Janardan Prasad Singh

Price: $ 22.00English PaperbackISBN: 0-8213-6521-5SKU: 16521

The 2005 Annual Reporton Operations Evaluationexamines the use ofinformation by World Bankmanagers to improvedevelopment results and

enhance the effectiveness of the Bank at the countrylevel. It suggests that greater attention is needed tomeasure and manage development results at thecountry level. This will require strengthening countries’performance measurement capacity. The Bank ismaking progress in strengthening the results focus ofits monitoring and evaluation, but more attention isneeded to improve performance measurement andtracking progress.


Equity and Development: Berlin Workshop Series 2006

Edited by Gudrun Kochendorfer-Lucius andBoris Pleskovic

Price: $ 24.00English 224 pagesPublished April 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6105-8 SKU: 16105

The Berlin Workshop Series 2006 presents selectedpapers from meetings held in September 6-8, 2004,at the 7th Annual Forum co-hosted by InWEnt and theWorld Bank in preparation for the Bank’s WorldDevelopment Report 2006. At the 2004 meetings, keyresearchers and policymakers from Europe, the UnitedStates, and developing countries met to identify andbrainstorm on equity and development challenges andsuccesses that will be later examined in-depth in theWorld Development Report 2006.

This volume presents papers from the sessions onEquity and Development, covering issues relating toThe Role of Governments in the Promotion of Equity,Equity-Enhancing Social Transformations, BuildingEfficient Welfare States, Reducing Global Inequalitiesand Integration and Inequality in the New Europe.

Budget Support as More Effective Aid? – RecentExperiences and Emerging Lessons

Edited by Stefan Koeberle,Jan Walliser andZoran Stavreski


Budget support hasbecome an increasingly

important instrument in the context of a partnership-based approach to development assistance. Comparedto traditional modes of aid delivery, it promises greatercountry ownership, reduced transaction costs, betterdonor coordination, scaling up of poverty reductionand potentially greater development effectiveness.

This book presents a timely and valuable review ofkey concepts, issues, experiences and emerginglessons relevant to budget support. It provides anoverview of principal characteristics, expectations andconcerns related to budget support, key design andimplementation issues, as well as some practicalexperiences. The contributors include governmentrepresentatives from developing countries, leadingacademic scholars, bilateral development agenciesand development practitioners from internationalfinancial institutions, including the World Bank andthe International Monetary Fund.

They present a wide range of views on key issuessuch as the choice of instruments, alignment of budgetsupport with country programs, predictability, and

coordination and conditionality. The authors draw theirinsightful analysis on the contemporary research andevaluation work, as well as the broad practicalexperience with budget support. This book will be ofgreat interest to practitioners in aid-recipient countriesand international financial institutions, bilateral agenciesand civil organizations involved in budget support.

Information and Communications for Development2006: Global Trends and Policies

By World Bank


Information andcommunication technology(ICT) is rapidly evolving,

changing rich and poor societies alike. It has becomea powerful tool for participating in the global economyand for offering new opportunities for developmentefforts. ICT can and should advance economic growthand reduce poverty in developing countries. It hasbeen 20 years since the first telephone operator wasprivatized, a little over 10 since the World Wide Webemerged, and five since the telecommunicationsbubble burst. How have the ICT sector and its role indevelopment evolved? What have we learned? Howcan we move forward?

Information and Communications for Development2006: Global Trends and Policies contains lessons fromboth developed and developing countries. It examinesthe roles of the public and private sectors, identifyingthe challenges and the benefits of adopting andexpanding ICT use. The report assesses topicsessential to building an information society, includinginvestment, access, diffusion, and country policiesand strategies.

1 World Manga: Passage 3: Global Warming – TheLagoon of the Vanishing Fish


Fifteen-year-old orphanRei survives by his wits andguts on the mean streetsof the world. His fortunesseem to look up when hemeets a mysterious stranger

who offers to help him achieve his dream of becomingthe greatest martial artist in the world...But Rei’s traineris more interested in developing his mind, spirit and -ugh! – heart than his thrashing, raging, fighting moves.


Rei’s latest training mission takes him to an islandparadise complete with coral reefs, fluorescent fish,and pristine beaches. There he befriends an agedfisherman with nothing to catch... What is the secretbehind the Lagoon of the Vanishing Fish? Rei puts hislife on the line as he tries to stop the unseen forcesthreatening to swallow up this tropical sanctuary.

Manga are Japanese-style graphic novels which havebecome the rage among young readers around theworld. Teaming up with Viz, a leading English-languagemanga publisher, the Bank has launched a new seriesof comic books, each highlighting a key developmentissue. The stories follow the adventures of 15-year-oldRei who discovers that the only way to become a truewarrior is to understand the challenges facing the poorand disadvantaged people he befriends along the way.An appendix in each book provides further information,websites, and other resources so readers can explorethe themes introduced in the story.

Sustaining Gains in Poverty Reduction and HumanDevelopment in the Middle East and North Africa

By Farrukh Iqbal


This book reviews theexperience of the MENAregion with poverty andhuman development since

the mid-1980s. It finds that poverty rates did notdecline by much during this period while health andeducation indicators improved substantially. Thestagnation of poverty rates is ascribed to thestagnation of the region’s economies during this periodwhile the improvement in human indicators is likely dueto several factors including improvement in the deliveryof public health and education services.

Strategic Alliances to Scale Up Financial Servicesin Rural Areas

By Joselito Gallardo,Michael Goldberg andBikki Randhawa


Business firms haveemployed strategic

alliances with other firms to effectively manage costs,overcome resource and technology constraints, andenhance competitive position. The principle and

practice of strategic alliances can be applied as wellfor productive and beneficial institutional collaborationsin rural financial markets to expand the array offinancial products and to scale up access of ruralhouseholds and micro-businesses to financial services.

Strategic alliances comprise a new theme in ruralfinance. The institutions in the study used strategicalliances to tap new capital resources, managetransaction costs, access banking technology andinfrastructure and acquire new skills to provide anexpanding array of financial services to wider markets.The authors carefully examine the experiences ofselected rural finance institutions and their strategicallies or development partners in Guatemala, thePhilippines, Ghana and India to draw out the mainfindings and share the lessons that may be gainfullyapplied in other country settings.

Attacking Africa’s Poverty: Experience from theGround

Edited by Louise M. Foxand Robert B. Liebenthal

Price: $ 45.00English 416 pagesPublished March 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6322-0SKU: 16322

By all measures, povertyin Africa as a whole hasincreased and deepened.But in fact, Africa containsa number of undocumented

success stories of poverty reduction. This bookpresents case studies of thirteen of these successstories, giving grounds for some real hope, andproviding useful learning for all.

Legal Aspects of Financial Services Regulationand the Concept of a Unified Regulator

By Kenneth KaomaMwendaPrice: $ 30.00English Paperback 178pages Published March2006ISBN: 0-8213-6459-6SKU: 16459

That different types offinancial services andproducts continue to springup in the financial sector ofmany countries is indicative

of the changing landscape of the financial servicesindustry globally. Equally important, as indicators of theevolving trajectory of financial services regulation, areincreases in the number of countries where universalbanking is practiced and in numbers of parent andsubsidiary companies providing different types offinancial services and products.

22


This book is written against that background. A centralthesis pursued in the book is that until there is a longertrack record of experience with unified regulators, it isdifficult to come to firm conclusions about therestructuring process of regulators, and the optimalinternal structure of such agencies. In addition, thebook examines the concept of an independentregulator, showing how this concept, as a corollary tothe concept of a unified regulator, could strengthen theregulatory and institutional framework for financialservices supervision if accountability were to be partof such a framework.

Reforming Regional-Local Finance in Russia

By Jorge Martinez-Vazquez,Andrey Timofeev andJameson Boex

Price: $ 25.00English Paperback220 pagesPublished March 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6557-6SKU: 16557

The exposition is based onan analytical framework

covering all – building blocks – of fiscal federalism:Size and structure of jurisdictions, expenditures,revenues, transfers, and borrowing. The application ofthis framework to Russian settings results in acomprehensive assessment of the state ofintergovernmental fiscal relations in Russia.

Assessing World Bank Support for Trade,1987-2004: An IEG Evaluation

By Yvonne Manu Tsikata

Price: $ 28.00English PaperbackPublished March 2006ISBN: 0-8213-6591-6SKU: 16591

An independent evaluationof the World Bank’sextensive support todeveloping countries ontrade issues between

1987 and 2004. The study assesses the developmenteffectiveness of World Bank trade-related advocacy,capacity-building, lending and research. It examinesthe extent to which the Bank’s policies and assistancehave met its stated objectives in the area of trade andmakes recommendations to strengthen theeffectiveness of future Bank trade assistance.

We’ve just launched a new venture on the web – WorldBank Podcasts. The podcasts are 2-3 minute radioprograms that cover Bank projects, publicationlaunches and other similar information that we want todistribute. These are MP3 files that vary in lengthaccording to the material available, and can be usedfor radio broadcasting.

See http://podcasts.worldbank.org

● Youthink! Wins Webby

The World Bank’s site for the youth has won the beatfour other nominees to win the 2006 Webby Award inthe activism category. The Webbys, which have beendubbed the Oscars of the Internet, are awarded by theInternational Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences, aglobal organization recognizing excellence in webdesign, creativity, usability and functionality.

Launched in April 2004,with the aim ofintroducingdevelopment issuesto a teen audience,Youthink! gets morethan 16,000 visitors amonth. The Webbyactivism award goes tothe best site at facilitating political change, socialmovement, human rights, public education and reformor revolution. This is a very special honor, whichacknowledges the innovation and creativity behindYouthink! and the impact the site is having in engagingyoung people around the globe on developmentissues.

See http://youthink.worldbank.org

● Four new South Asia Topic Sites

To better communicate the World Bank’s work in SouthAsia, four new websites have been launched providingoverviews of some of the main topics of development

23

Podcasts

Latest on the Web


National Agricultural Competitiveness Project

Date 10 May 2006Project ID P093136Report No. AB2380 (Project Information Document)

AC2384 (Integrated Safeguards DataSheet)

Capacity Building for Industrial PollutionManagement Project



Sustainable Urban Transport Project



Jammu and Kashmir Participatory WatershedManagement Project

Date 28 March 2006Project ID P099857Report No. AB2171 (Project Information Document)


India - Delhi Water Supply and SewerageProject

Date 15 March 2006Project ID P067215Report No. 36065 (Project Information Document))

India Project Documents

Tamil Nadu Rural Water Supply and SanitationProject

Date 15 June 2006Project ID PO78210Report No. E-1419 (Revised Environmental

Assessment)

E-1420 (Environmental Assessment Vol 2)

Punjab State Road Sector Project

Date 22 June 2006Project ID P090585Report No. E-1370 (Revised Environmental

Assessment)

RP-0444 (Resettlement Plan Vol 1)

Mumbai Urban Transport Project

Date 22 June 2006Project ID P050668Report No. RP-0075 (Revised Resettlement Plan)

Second Orissa Socio-Economic DevelopmentLoan Project

Date 23 June 2006Project ID P097036Report No. AB2457 (Program Information Document

Vocational Training Improvement Project

Date 13 June 2006Project ID P099047Report No. AB2434 (Project Information Document)


FALG Brick/Block Project

Date 06 June 2006Project ID P090163Report No. 36438 (Integrated Safeguards Data

Sheet)

E1412 (Environmental Assessment)

interest in the region. These are

Poverty: www.worldbank.org/sarpovertyTrade: www.worldbank.org/sartradeGovernance: www.worldbank.org/sargovernanceGrowth: www.worldbank.org/sargrowth

Each website provides an overview of the topic forboth the region and individual countries, and alsofeature major analytical work, projects information,upcoming workshops and seminars, as well as relateddata and statistics.


WPS3956Discordant couples: HIV infection among couples inBurkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, andTanzaniaBy Damien de Walque

WPS3955Finance and economic development: Policy choicesfor developing countriesBy Asli Demirguc-Kunt

WPS3954Banking on the principles: Compliance with BaselCore Principles and bank soundnessBy Asli Demirguc-Kunt, Enrica Detragiache andThierry Tressel

WPS3953Moving forward faster: Trade facilitation reform andMexican competitivenessBy Isidro Soloaga, John S. Wilson and Alejandro Mejia

WPS3952Can migration reduce educational attainment?Evidence from MexicoBy David McKenzie and Hillel Rapoport

WPS3951Services policies in transition economies: On theEuropean Union and the World Trade Organization ascommitment mechanismsBy Felix Eschenbach and Bernard Hoekman

WPS3950Infrastructure and public utilities privatization indeveloping countriesBy Emmanuelle Auriol and Pierre M. Picard

WPS3949Universities as drivers of the urban economies inAsia: The case of VietnamBy Tran Ngoc Ca

WPS3948Regional approaches to better standards systemsBy Enrique Aldaz-Carroll

WPS3947Subnational fiscal sustainability analysis: What canwe learn from Tamil Nadu?By Elena Ianchovichina, Lili Liu and Mohan Nagarajan

WPS3946Migration, sex bias, and child growth in rural PakistanBy Ghazala Mansuri

WPS3945Migration, school attainment, and child labor:Evidence from rural PakistanBy Ghazala Mansuri

WPS3944Linking public investment programs and SPAHDmacro models: Methodology and application to aid

WB Policy Research Working Papers

requirementsBy Nihal Bayraktar, Pierre-Richard Agenor andEmmanuel Pinto Moreira

WPS3943Is cost recovery a feasible objective for water andelectricity? The Latin American experienceBy Vivien Foster and Tito Yepes

WPS3942Market access, supplier access, and Africa’smanufactured exports: An analysis of the role ofgeography and institutionsBy Albert Zeufack, Taye Mengistae and IbrahimElbadawi

WPS3941Water markets, demand, and cost recovery for pipedwater supply services: Evidence from SouthwestSri LankaBy Celine Nauges and Caroline van den Berg

WPS3940What determines protection of property rights? Ananalysis of direct and indirect effectsBy Vojislav Maksimovic, Meghana Ayyagari andAsli Demirguc-Kunt

WPS3939Earthquake vulnerability reduction program inColombia: A probabilistic cost-benefit analysisBy Francis Ghesquiere, Olivier Mahul and Luis Jamon

WPS3938Creating a more efficient financial system: Challengesfor BangladeshBy Thorsten Beck and Mohammed Habibur Rahman

WPS3937The handshake: Why do governments and firms signprivate sector participation deals? Evidence from thewater and sanitation sector in developing countriesBy Frederic Blanc-Brude and Olivia Jensen

WPS3936The impact of privatization on the performance of theinfrastructure sector : the case of electricitydistribution in Latin American countriesBy Vivien Foster, Luis Andres and Jose Luis Guasch

WPS3935Empowering parents to improve education: Evidencefrom rural MexicoBy Paul Gertler, Harry Patrinos andMarta Rubio-Codina

WPS3934Governance and private investment in the MiddleEast and North AfricaBy Mustapha Kamel Nabli, Ahmet Faruk Aysan andMarie-Ange Veganzones-Varoudakis


WPS3933Internationalization and the evolution of corporatevaluationBy Sergio L. Schmukler, Juan Carlos Gozzi andRoss Levine

WPS3932Welfare measurement bias in household and on-sitesurveying of water-based recreation: an applicationto Lake Sevan, ArmeniaBy Craig Meisner, Benoit Laplante and Hua Wang

WPS3931Did growth become less pro-poor in the 1990s?By Humberto Lopez

WPS3930Cash transfers, conditions, school enrollment, andchild work: Evidence from a randomized experimentin EcuadorBy Norbert Schady and Maria Caridad Araujo

WPS3929An empirical analysis of the annuity rate in ChileBy Craig Thorburn, Marco Morales and Roberto Rocha

WPS3928The rise and fall of training and visit extension: AnAsian mini-drama with an African epilogueBy Gershon Feder, Sushma Ganguly andJock R. Anderson

WPS3927Managing the effects of tax expenditures on nationalbudgetsBy Zhicheng Li Swift

WPS3926An analysis of money’s worth ratios in ChileBy Craig Thorburn, Marco Morales and Roberto Rocha

WPS3925Productivity matters for trade policy: Theory andevidenceBy Baybars Karacaovali

WPS3924What are public services worth, and to whom? Non-parametric estimation of capitalization in PuneBy Somik V. Lall and Mattias Lundberg

WPS3923Public-private sector wage differentials and returnsto education in DjiboutiBy Paloma Anos Casero and Ganesh Seshan

WPS3922Early childhood development through an integratedprogram: Evidence from the PhilippinesBy Jere R. Behrman, Elizabeth M. King, GraemeArmecin, Paulita Duazo, Sharon Ghuman,Socorro Gultiano and Nannette Lee

WPS3921Does access to credit improve productivity?Evidence from Bulgarian firmsBy Roberta Gatti and Inessa Love

WPS3920Resolution of failed banks by deposit insurers: Cross-country evidenceBy Thorsten Beck and Luc Laeven

WPS3919Mexico: Two decades of the evolution of educationand inequalityBy Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

WPS3918The World Trade Organization’s Doha cottoninitiative: A tale of two issuesBy Kym Anderson and Ernesto Valenzuela

WPS3917Recent and prospective adoption of geneticallymodified cotton: A global computable generalequilibrium analysis of economic impactsBy Kym Anderson, Ernesto Valenzuela andLee Ann Jackson

WPS3916The role of opinion leaders in the diffusion of newknowledge: The case of integrated pest managementBy Sara Savastano and Gershon Feder

WPS3915Rural-urban migration in developing countries: Asurvey of theoretical predictions and empiricalfindingsBy Somik V. Lall, Harris Selod and Zmarak Shalizi

WPS3914Sequencing fiscal decentralizationBy Roy Bahl and Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

WPS3913Will consolidation improve sub-nationalgovernments?By William F. Fox and Tami Gurley

WPS3912Thailand’s growth path: From recovery to prosperityBy Kaspar Richter

WPS3911Evaluating fiscal equalization in IndonesiaBy Kai Kaiser, Bert Hofman, Kadjatmiko andBambang Suharnoko Sjahrir

WPS3910Getting girls into school: Evidence from a scholarshipprogram in CambodiaBy Norbert Schady and Deon Filmer

WPS3909Trading on timeBy Simeon Djankov, Caroline Freund andCong S. Pham

WPS3908Turkey’s evolving trade integration into Pan-EuropeanmarketsBy Bartlomiej Kaminski and Francis Ng

WPS3907Trade and harmonization: If your institutions are

26


WPS3893Constraints to growth and job creation in low-incomeCommonwealth of Independent States countriesBy Paolo Verme

WPS3892Promoting access to primary equity markets: A legaland regulatory approachBy Felice B. Friedman and Claire Grose

WPS3891Protection, openness, and factor adjustment:Evidence from the manufacturing sector in UruguayBy Carlos Casacuberta and Nestor Gandelman

WPS3890Migration in towns in China, a tale of three provinces:Evidence from preliminary tabulations of 2000 censusBy Anqing Shi

WPS3889Comparative advantage, demand for externalfinance, and financial developmentBy Quy-Toan Do and Andrei A. Levchenko

WPS3888Firms’ environmental performance: Does newsmatter?By Nlandu Mamingi, Jong Ho Hong, SusmitaDasgupta and Benoit Laplante

WPS3887Exports, university-industry linkages, and innovationchallenges in Bangalore, IndiaBy Anthony P. D’Costa

WPS3886The microeconomics of creating productive jobs: Asynthesis of firm-level studies in transition economiesBy John S. Earle and J. David Brown

WPS3885The microeconomics of creating productive jobs: Asynthesis of firm-level studies in transition economiesBy Paloma Lopez-Garcia

WPS3884Rental choice and housing policy realignment intransition: Post-privatization challenges in the Europeand Central Asia regionBy Ellen Hamilton, W. Jan Brzeski andHans-Joachim Duebel

WPS3883Gross worker flows in the presence of informal labormarkets: The Mexican experience 1987-2002By Mariano Bosch and William Maloney

WPS3882Foreign direct investment, regulations, and growthBy Matthias Busse and Jose Luis Groizard

WPS3881How costly is it for poor farmers to lift themselves outof poverty?By Marcelo Olarreaga, Olivier Cadot and Laure Dutoit

27

good, does it matter if they are different?By Roumeen Islam and Ariell Reshef

WPS3906How important is selection? Experimental versusnon-experimental measures of the income gains frommigrationBy David McKenzie, John Gibson and Steven Stillman

WPS3905Trends in tariff reforms and trends in wage inequalityBy Sebastian Galiano and Guido G. Porto

WPS3904Farm productivity and market structure: Evidencefrom cotton reforms in ZambiaBy Irene Brambilla and Guido G. Porto

WPS3903Labor supply, school attendance, and remittancesfrom international migration : the case of El SalvadorBy Pablo Acosta

WPS3902Political institutions, inequality, and agriculturalgrowth: the public expenditure connectionBy Hunt Allcott, Daniel Lederman and Ramon Lopez

WPS3901Do global trade distortions still harm developingcountry farmers?By Kym Anderson and Ernesto Valenzuela

WPS3900The relative importance of global agriculturalsubsidies and market accessBy Kym Anderson, Will Martin and Ernesto Valenzuela

WPS3899The data chase: What’s out there on trade costs andnontariff barriers?By Shweta Bagai and John S. Wilson

WPS3898Strengthening governance through engagedsocieties: Lessons from the implementation ofpoverty reduction strategiesBy Luca Barbone and Katrina Sharkey

WPS3897International financial integration through the law ofone priceBy Eduardo Levy Yeyati, Sergio L. Schmukler andNeeltje Van Horen

WPS3896Regional labor market developments in transitionBy Peter Huber

WPS3895Addressing China’s growing water shortages andassociated social and environmental consequencesBy Zmarak Shalizi

WPS3894Labor market developments during economictransitionBy Jan Rutkowski

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