workshop on european small-scale accelerator facilities, aghios nikolaos, crete 7-8 september 2007 1...

1Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007

The JRC Laboratory ofNeutron Physics

Peter Rullhusen

[email protected]


Nuclear activities at IRMM

Unit for Isotopic Measurementssafeguardsradionuclide metrologynuclear targets preparation

Unit for Neutron Measurementsneutron-induced reactions

cross sections, resonance parametersfission fragmentsfission neutron multiplicities and spectrastandard cross sections

modelling of the fission processtechnical developments:

data acquisition using fast signal digitisersFrisch-gridded ionisation chambers, time-projection chambersdetector arrays for n, measurements


direct actions in FP7 - Euratom

Basic Research in Nuclear Physics and Neutron Data Standards Standard cross-sections Theory / modelling Exploratory research, technical developments

Neutron Data for Waste Transmutation andSafety of Different Reactor Systems

transmutation of long-lived radioactive waste Accelerator-driven systems U-Pu and Th-U fuel cycles Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems


IAEA-CRP F4.10.20“Evaluated Data for the Th-U Fuel Cycle”

Th-U fuel cycle:

232Th(n,) measurements in the Resolved Resonance Region:

0.0

0.5

1.0

Cap

ture

Yie

ld

0 200 400 600 800 10000.0

0.5

1.0

Tra

nsm

issi

on

Energy / eV

0.0

0.5

1.0

Cap

ture

Yie

ld

0 200 400 600 800 10000.0

0.5

1.0

Tra

nsm

issi

on

Energy / eV


n measurements with very high energy resolution using time-of-flight technique

The Geel Linear Accelerator GELINA

22

T

Lmv

2

1E

Le-

150 MeV

n

U Le-

150 MeV

n

U


neutron production target: depleted uranium, Hg cooled


GELINA - Main operating modes

ELECTRON BEAM NEUTRON BEAM

Pulse Length

(ns)

RepetitionRate(Hz)

PeakCurrent

(A)

MeanCurrent

(A)

MeanEnergy(MeV)

Mean Power(kW)

Peak productionrate during

pulse(n/s)

Mean production

rate(n/s)

Without compression

10 800 10 85 105 8.5 3.8 1018 3.0 1013

With compression

< 1 800 > 100 80 105 8.0 3.5 1019 2.8 1013

< 1 50 > 100 5 105 0.5 3.4 1019 1.8 1012


New detector arrays

(n,n’) detector setup: 8 x HPGe @ 110° and 150° Digitized acquisition

(n,) detector setup:

10 x C6D6 @ 60° and 120°

= 0.8

Digitized acquisition


7 MV Van de Graaff accelerator

• Belt-charged CN Van de Graaff from High Voltage Engineering (installed 1978, new accelerator tube installed 1999)

• Radio frequency ion source. ECR ion source to be installed late 2007• Proton-, deuteron- and alpha beams• DC and pulsed mode• 10-50 A DC beam current dependent on ion and beam line• Fast pulsing, fwhm 2.0 ns at 2.5 MHz, 1.25 MHz or 0.625 MHz,

and 0.1 A average current• Slow pulsing, minimum width of 10 s,

continuously adjustable frequency up to 5 kHz.• ~108 neutrons/s/cm2, 1 cm from target (DC mode)• 6 beam lines (on 2 levels)• Operated 24 hours/day, 7 days/week in periods of 4 weeks


Neutron field production

Ion beam

7Li(p,n)7Be En: 0 - 5.3 MeV

T(p,n)3He En: 0 - 6.2 MeV

D(d,n)3He En: 1.8 - 10.1 MeV

T(d,n)4He En: 12.1 - 24.1 MeV

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

En (MeV)

Neu

tro

ns/

106 i

on

s

20 cm

• nuclear reaction,• neutron emission angle, • ion energy.

0 deg.

80 deg.

40 deg.


Neutron field characteristicsReaction <En> En <Ep> Ip Target Target thickness Neutron fluence rate

(at 10 cm distance)

MeV MeV MeV A mg/cm2 cm-2 s-1

Li(p,n) 0.25 0.075 2.047 25 LiF 0.5 5.03E+05

Li(p,n) 0.565 0.061 2.321 20 LiF 0.5 2.00E+06

T(p,n) 1.2 0.05 2.022 25 TiT 2.0 3.23E+06

T(p,n) 2.5 0.137 3.351 15 TiT 2.0 3.89E+06

D(d,n) 5.0 0.356 1.943 25 TiD 2.0 2.82E+06

D(d,n) 8.0 0.171 4.841 10 TiD 2.0 1.97E+06

T(d,n)* 14.8 0.428 0.964 50 TiT 2.0 4.22E+06

T(d,n) 16.2 1.049 0.966 50 TiT 2.0 4.62E+06

T(d,n) 19.0 0.338 2.679 20 TiT 2.0 7.58E+05

*Neutron fluence in 74 deg. Angle.


0 5 10 15 20

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

61Ni(n,p)61Co

Paul (1953)

Cross (1963)

Preiss (1960)

Qaim (1977)

Bahal (1984)

Qaim (1984)

Viennot

Ribansky (1985)

Viennot (1991)

Molla (1991)

Osman (1996)

Val'ter (1962)

Levkovskiy (1969)

ENDF/B-VI

JENDL-3.2

EFF-2.4 (EAF-99)

this work

(m

b)

En (MeV)

12 16 200

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

61Ni(n,x)60mCo

this work

Preiss (1960)

Qaim (1976)

JENDL-ACT

EAF-99 (0.6*EAF-2.4))

(m

b)

En (MeV)

Activation cross-sections

shielding materials:

activation

structural materials:

radiation damage

charged-part.

prod.

modelling:

adapt parameters


16O(n,)13C30% uncertainty 100 pcm in keff for UOX,MOX fuel accounts for 25% of total He production

inferred frominverse reaction:

13C(,n)16O

4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

0,40

0,45

reaction: D(d,n)3Hetarget: D gas, 20 kPawindow: 5 m Mo

Neutron sourceENDF/B-VIIb2

IRMM2006JULY data: PRELIMINARY !!!Giorginis, Khryachkov, Corcalciuc, Kievets

ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,

0)13C 1990

16O(n,0)13C 2001

16O(n,0)13C 2005

16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963

16O(n,0)13C HARISSOP2005 InverseR

16O(n,0)13C SEKHARAN1967 InverseR

16O(n,0)13C IRMM2006JULY

Cro

ss S

ect

ion

(b

)

Neutron Energy (MeV)

Preliminary data IRMM 2006

4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

0,40

0,45




ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,

0)13C 1990

16O(n,0)13C 2001

16O(n,0)13C 2005

16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963




Cro

ss S

ect

ion

(b

)



inferred frominverse reaction:

13C(,n)16O

4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

0,40

0,45




ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,

0)13C 1990

16O(n,0)13C 2001

16O(n,0)13C 2005

16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963




Cro

ss S

ect

ion

(b

)



4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

0,40

0,45




ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,

0)13C 1990

16O(n,0)13C 2001

16O(n,0)13C 2005

16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963




Cro

ss S

ect

ion

(b

)




NEPTUNE: New pulsed and tunable neutron source

beam chopper at VdG for measurements in the s to ms range


VERDI: Velocity for direct particle identification

fission fragment properties: Z, A, Ekin

identification of pre-cursors for delayed neutron emission

16 fission fragment detectorstwo-arm spectrometer

n

FP


NUDAMETransnational Access to IRMM neutron data facilities• FP6 EURATOM programme

• 3000 supplementary data-taking hours for external users• 18 experiments approved by PAC, April 1, 2005 – March 31, 2008


• positive evaluation contract negotiations

• 4 years (2008 – 2012)

• 5600 supplementary data-taking hours for external users

• start-up probably April 2008

EUFRAT:new TA proposal for Euratom FP7 programme

if you are interested:check out our websitehttp://www.irmm.jrc.be

workshop on european small-scale accelerator facilities, aghios nikolaos, crete 7-8 september 2007 1...

Documents

aghios nikolaos

production slide

new accelerator tube

graaff accelerator belt

digitized acquisition

n detector setup

digitized acquisition

neutron production target