workplace safety, ergonomics & manual handling modules
DESCRIPTION
Descriptions of various courses and samples modules on Occupational Safety, Health and Environment presented by me.TRANSCRIPT
OSH in Office & Occupational Stress.
Presented by: Assoc. Professor Abdul Shukor bin Abdullah
Workplace Safety and Health Assessment
Process.
Presented by:ASSOC. PROF. ABDUL SHUKOR BIN ABDULLAH
Email: [email protected]
Types of Work Place Hazards Physical Hazards Mechanical Hazards Biological Hazards Chemical Hazards Ergonomics Hazards Psychosocial Hazards
Unsafe Act - Performance of a task or other activity that is conducted in a manner that may threaten the health and/or safety of workers. Examples are :
Operating without qualification or authorization. Lack of or improper use of PPE. Failure to tagout/lockout. Operating equipment at unsafe speed. Failure to warn. Bypass or removal of safety devices. Using defective equipment. Use of tools for other than their intended purpose. Working in hazardous locations without adequate protection or warning. Improper repair of equipment. Wearing unsafe clothing.
Sources of Ergonomics Hazards
Unsafe Condition - A condition in the work place that is likely to cause property damage or injury.Examples are:
Defective tools, equipment, or supplies. Inadequate supports or guards. Congestion in the workplace. Inadequate warning systems. Fire and explosion hazards. Poor housekeeping. Hazardous atmospheric condition. Excessive noise. Poor ventilation.
Sources of Ergonomics Hazards
Job Hazard Analysis
Purpose of Job Hazard Analysis
• A hazard analysis is the evaluation of the hazards associated with an employee’s work activity
• A hazard analysis focuses on “fixing” the system or root causes that brought the hazardous condition or unsafe practice into the workplace– Provides organized approach for the evaluation of
a process – Identifies hazards, root causes and corrective
actions.• A hazard analysis attempts to incorporate “Safe
Behavior” – Behaviour-based Safety (BBS) into the normal operating procedures.
Hazard Analysis for OSH Committee/Mgmt Team
• OSH Committee must:
– Identify hazards in the workplace that could result in injury or illness
– Evaluate the level of risk to help determine what controls to implement
– Select an appropriate solution to control the hazard and/or protect
the employee.
Root Causes
• Potential root causes of injuries include:
– Lack of knowledge
– Lack of physical ability– Prior training that included
unsafe practices– Previously unidentified
hazard– Newly introduced hazard
resulting from process or equipment change.
Overcoming workplace hazardsHIERARCHY OF CONTROLS
• Hierarchy of controls to mitigate risk
Use combination of one or more mitigation techniques
Engineering Controls
• Engineering controls eliminate exposure to the hazard by: - Isolating the employee from
the hazard- Improving (redesign) work
area layout- Substituting less hazardous
product- Modifying equipment
Administrative Controls• Administrative controls
reduce employee exposure to a hazard by:
– Reducing the frequency of performing the hazardous task
– Rotating employees to reduce exposure time
– Training employees to recognize hazards and employ safety practices.
Work Practices
• Work practice controls include:– Workplace rules– Safe & healthful work practices– Personal hygiene– Housekeeping and maintenance– Procedures for specific operations
PPE• OSHA requires employers to
provide PPE to reduce employee exposure to hazards when engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective
• PPE alone should not be relied on to protect against hazards; other uses include guards, engineering controls, and sound manufacturing practices.
Evaluate Effectiveness• Assess how well the JHA process is “fixing” hazardous
conditions by:– Updating JHAs for routine and non-routine task– Ensuring JHAs were developed for all new processes – Conducting routine self-inspections– Examining Industrial Hygiene reports– Reviewing investigation findings for injuries and near misses– Following up on employee concerns.
• Incorporate evaluation into Annual Program Evaluation process.
GROUP ACTIVITIES
Job Hazards Analysis (JHA)
Safety, Health & Environmental (HSE) Risk Assessment
Fishbone Diagram Analysis
Action Plan
Safety, Health & Environmental (HSE) Risk Assessment
Task Hazards Risk Severity
Ranking Control
Delivering product to customers
Drivers work alone May be unable to call for help if needed
2? 3?
ENGINEERING CONTROL??
Drivers have to occasionally work long hours
Fatigue, short rest time between shifts 5? ADMINISTRATIVE
CONTROL??
Drivers are often in very congested traffic
Increased chance of collision
Longer working hours
Drivers have to lift boxes when deliverying product
Injury to back from lifting, reaching, carrying, etc.
Severity Ranking
Effect of hazard
54321
Fatal injury/DeathPermanent disabling injuryDisabling injuryInjury causing time off workFirst aid only
Fishbone Diagram (cause and effect)
RiskHighest Risk
2nd Largest RiskLeast Risk
3rd Largest Risk
Hazards
Cause
Cause
Cause
Cause
Cause
Cause
Cause
Cause
Cause
Discussion & Conclusion
Thank you.
Assoc. Professor Abdul Shukor bin Abdullah
HP: 012-2731434 Email: [email protected]
HSE Blog: http://profshukor.blogspot.com/