working with yoram - nasa...working with yoram j. vanderlei martins – umbc department of physics...
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Working with Yoram
J. Vanderlei Martins – UMBC Department of Physics and JCET/NASA GSFC Climate &
Radiation Laboratory
…from Ideas to Reality.
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Acknowledgements
• PhD Students – Reed Espinosa – Daniel Orozco – Brent McBride
• Alumni – Adriana Rocha Lima (currently at Goddard) – Gergely Dolgos (in Switzerland) – Li Zhu
• Lorraine Remer (JCET-UMBC) • Roberto Fernandez-Borda (JCET-UMBC) • Oleg Dubovik (Univeristy of Lille, and UMBC)
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Three out of the many Projects I had the privilege to work with Yoram:
• Aerosol Absorption
• Cloud Side Measurements
• Design of new satellite missions
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• Aerosol Absorption – Critical Reflectance: Fraser and Kaufman 1985 – Aerosol absorption over sunglint: Kaufman et al. 2002 – Spectral Reflectance measurements: Martins et al. 2009
• Cloud Side Measurements – Idea presented to Yoram and others in 2002 – Yoram was the only scientist at the time who answered:
“Lets do it. I will find the resources to cover it…”
• Design of new satellite missions
– CO2BRA – measure BC from Space over sunglint: – AEROSAT – preview to ACE mission – CLAIM-3D – Cloud Side microphysical profiles
The ideas:
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• Aerosol Absorption – Critical Reflectance: Fraser and Kaufman 1985 – Aerosol absorption over sunglint: Kaufman et al. 2002 – Spectral Reflectance measurements: Martins et al. 2009
• Cloud Side Measurements – Idea presented to Yoram and others in 2002 – Yoram was the only scientist at the time who answered:
“Lets do it. I will find the resources to cover it…”
• Design of new satellite missions
– CO2BRA – measure BC from Space over sunglint: – AEROSAT – preview to ACE mission – CLAIM-3D – Cloud Side microphysical profiles
The ideas:
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• Aerosol Absorption – Critical Reflectance: Fraser and Kaufman 1985 – Aerosol absorption over sunglint: Kaufman et al. 2002 – Spectral Reflectance measurements: Martins et al. 2009
• Cloud Side Measurements – Idea presented to Yoram and others in 2002 – Yoram was the only scientist at the time who answered:
“Lets do it. I will find the resources to cover it…”
• Design of new satellite missions
– CO2BRA – measure BC from Space over sunglint: – AEROSAT – preview to ACE mission – CLAIM-3D – Cloud Side microphysical profiles
The ideas:
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7
Maps – AOD, SSA, AAOD
(on day 250 in 2000)
Critical Reflectance Maps of Aerosol Absorption
AOD SSA
AAOD
Zhu, Martins and Remer 2011
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Wells, K. et al, 2012
SSA
Dust Spectral wo results with
MODIS:
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Dust Single Scattering Co-Albedo from
MODIS
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
lambda (um)
1- w
o
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
350 850 1350 1850 2350
Dust
Particles
Aerosol Spectral Absorption
Abso
rpti
on C
oef
fici
ent
Dust + Pollution
Org
anic
s
MODIS Aerosol Bands:
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10
Imaginary Ref. Index Mass Abs. Efficiency Volcanic Ash Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) Ash was collected on the ground, about 35 km from the center of the eruption of the volcano.
Saharan Dust Sample collected on Bordj Badj Mokthar in Algeria (Supersite 1) during Fennec campaign in June 2011.
Results Results
Imaginary Ref. Index Mass Abs. Efficiency
Aerosol Spectral Absorption Measurements – Rocha-Lima et al.
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Volcanic ashes:
STEAR experiment at UMBC Lab Results
11
Adriana R. Lima
(Rocha-lima et al. in preparation)
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PI-Neph Retrievals from SEAC4RS W. Reed Espinosa, J. Vanderlei Martins, Oleg Dubovik, Lorraine Remer
8/26/2013
PI-Neph produces unique direct/airborne measurements of polarized phase function of aerosols, and the retrievals of size distribution and refractive indices using both P11 and –P12/P11 at 3 wavelengths.
P1
1*1
0-6
(m
-1)
-P1
2/P
11
Espinosa et al. (in preparation)
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Espinosa et al. (in preparation)
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How the particle properties depend on Ambient
conditions?
In Particular RH…
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Dried/Humidified Ambient aerosols PI-Neph X AERONET
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Laboratory measurements of Aerosols
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GRASP Inversion X theory for Humidified Refractive indices:
Orozco et al. (in preparation)
Ambient Aerosols:
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PI-Neph X AERONET size distributions
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In situ measurements of Undisturbed particles:
The Open Imaging
Nephelometer
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Open Ineph First Results from DAQ
Measurement of the cloudbow inside the cloud
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HARP Polarimeter Specs
• ISS orbit
• 60 angles for cloudbows
• 20 angles for aerosols
• 440, 550, 670, 870nm
• Nadir pixel resolution 600m
• Super pixel 2.5x2.5km
• 94 deg FOV X-track
• 117 deg FOV along track
Imaging polarimeter
Repeat for all along track viewing angles
HARP CubeSat Satellite to launch in Dec. 2016
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HARP Hyperangular Multi-Wavelength Polarization Images
22
HARP Prism/Polarization Separation
Multi/Hyper Angle with multiple pushbrooms
Multi Wavelength 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 20
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 2
Stripe Filters: Angular and Wavelength
Separation
HARP • Up to 60 viewing angles • 440, 550, 670, 870nm • 2.5km resolution • 94 deg FOV X-track • 110 deg FOV along track
Intensity0°
Intensity45°
Intensity90°
[I Q U]pixel = [I0 I45 I90]M
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HARP Pioneering Hyper-Angular Capability will Provide Full
Cloudbow Retrievals from Small Area (< 4x4km from space)
HARP CubeSat Polarimeter
Intensity
Polarization
D
A
Same retrieval
capability for all
individual pixels with
< 4x4km resolution
Water Droplet Distribution
Reff = 20mm
Veff = 0.01
Reff = 20mm
Veff = 0.09
Effective Radius (mm)
These two cases are
undistinguishable from Intensity
measurements only (MODIS/VIIRS)
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Volcanic Ash, Twilight Aerosols, etc.
(Polarim. + Cloud Radiometer) Aerosol above Clouds and Aerosol Absorption (UV and Polarization)
Cloudbow – Water Clouds
Radius + variance
Ice/water particle’s scattering
Cloud Camera:
- The interaction between aerosol and clouds carry the largest uncertainty in climate forcing
- CLAIM-3D will determine how cloud evolution, droplet sizes, lifetime, vertical structure, thermodynamic phase, and ice particle structure vary as a function of aerosol type and amount
- CLAIM-3D has unprecedented combination of mature instruments and algorithms to address the interaction between aerosols and clouds
- CLAIM-3D is designed to provide a full court press characterization of the interactions between aerosol and clouds
CLAIM-3D
PI: J. Vanderlei Martins (UMBC – JCET / 613) Project Scientist: A. Marshak (GSFC 613)
June 2015 ER -- Competition Sensitive -- 24
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• Aerosol Absorption
• Cloud Side Measurements
• Design of new satellite missions
– Multiple critical reflectance papers
– Sunglint: aerosol absorption over water
– Spectral reflectance: aerosol microphysics, imaginary refractive indices, composition…
– First cloud scanner instrument was built and demonstrated in the Amazon
– 3D simulations: Marshak, Zinner, etc.
– Current measurements and proposals by several European organizations and Brazil
– ACE, CLAIM-3D
– HARP CubeSat satellite early 2017
– PACS in situ + Remote Sensing Suite
• PACS Imaging Polari meter (HARP)
• High resolution cloud measurements
• Imaging Nephelometer measurements
The ideas: The reality today…
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Thank you Yoram
…for the ideas, motivation,
support, friendship
and for the reality…