working of lan
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Working of Local Area Network ( LAN )
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• A Local Area Network (LAN) is best defined in terms of
the purpose it is meant to serve rather then in terms of
how its works
• LAN is a digital communication system capable of
interconnecting all the computers and terminals with in a
limited area such as an office building or factory or a
campus and share memory of the central computer
Local Area Network (LAN)
3Fig.1
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Local Area Network (LAN)
Fig.2
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• Computers in a LAN can communicate over twisted pairs
coaxial or fiber optic cables
• Twisted pairs provide the lowest rate of data transmission
but have the advantage that they are already installed in
may office buildings
Local Area Network (LAN)
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Local Area Network (LAN) Cables & Connectors
Fig.3
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The two main purposes of the LAN are
• To link the computers within an organization or campus
so that may share expensive peripheral devices, for
example high speed printers or magnetic disks holding
the data base
• To allow these computers to communicate with each
other
Local Area Network (LAN)
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Local Area Network (LAN) in a Campus
Fig.4
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A Local Area Network (LAN) connected by a HUB
Fig.5
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A complex Local Area Network (LAN)
Fig.6
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A minimum Configuration of Local Area Network (LAN)
Fig.7
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LAN Network Interface Card (NIC) • A network card, network adapter, LAN Adapter or NIC
(network interface card) is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network
• It is both an OSI layer1 (physical layer) and layer 2 (data link layer) device, as it provides physical access to a networking medium and provides a low-level addressing system through the use of Medium Access Control (MAC) addresses
• It allows users to connect to each other either by using cables or wirelessly
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A Giga Bit Local Area Network (LAN) Card
Fig.8
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A Local Area Network (LAN) with a Switch
Fig.9
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Local Area Network (LAN) Cables
Fig.10
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Local Area Network (LAN) Structural Cables
Fig.11
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• LAN server has applications and data storage that are shared
in common by multiple computer users
• A local area network may serve as few as two or three users)
or as many as thousands of users
• Major local area network technologies are:
Ethernet, Token ring, FDDI (used to serve thousands of
users)
Local Area Network (LAN)
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• Ethernet is by far the most commonly used LAN
technology
• A number of corporations use the Token Ring
technology
• FDDI (Fibre Distributed Data Interface is sometimes
used as a backbone LAN interconnecting Ethernet or
Token Ring LANs
• Another LAN technology, ARCNET, once the most
commonly installed LAN technology, is still used in the
industrial automation industry
Local Area Network (LAN)
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• A group of application programs can be kept on the LAN
server
• Users who need an application frequently can download it
once and then run it from their local hard disk
• Users can order printing and other services as needed
through applications run on the LAN server
• A user can share files with others at the LAN server, read
and write access is maintained by a LAN administrator
Local Area Network (LAN)
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• A LAN server may also be used as a Web server if
safeguards are taken to secure internal applications and
data from outside access
• In some situations, a wireless LAN may be preferable to a
wired LAN because it is cheaper to install and maintain
Local Area Network (LAN)
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A wireless Local Area Network (LAN)
Fig.12
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Summary
In this class, you have learnt about
• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Components of LAN
• Working of LAN
• LAN technologies
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QUIZ
1. The most commonly used LAN technology to connect to thousands of users is
a) Token ring
b) Ethernet
c) FDDI
d) ARCNET
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QUIZ
2. A LAN spans with in a geographical area of about
a) Within a room
b) Within a building
c) Within a campus of few Km
d) All the above
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Frequently Asked Questions
1. Define Local Area Network (LAN)
2. Explain the working of LAN
3. List the features of LAN