working group 4 coastal biogeochemistry forum, june 23-25, 2004 k. lindsay, g. mckinley, c. nevison,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Working Group 4
Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004
K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert
Can coastal ecosystems be represented in global models?
a. How many different types of coastal zones need representation (temperature / topography / phytoplankton types)?
b. What processes do we need to capture / understand how well?c. Can these processes be parameterized / resolved in models?
![Page 2: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MOM4 0.6o-3o x 3o SST, U
0.3 m/s
MOM4 3.75o x 4.5o
Global Ocean Models
![Page 3: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Regional Oceanic Modeling System (ROMS)
• 3-dimensional circulation model
• U.S. West Coast configuration (28oN - 48oN; 1000 km offshore)
• Several models with varying horizontal resolution (20km, 15km and 5km)
• Partially to fully eddy-resolving
• 20 vertical layers (sigma-coordinates)
• Climatological forcing (Levitus T,S; COADS)
• Coupled to an NPDZ ecosystem model including a formulation of the carbon cycle
![Page 4: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
15km
5km
- Level 0 (15 km)- Level 1 (5 km)
UCLA ROMS: US West Coast Configuration
![Page 5: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ROMS NPDZ model: N and C cycles
![Page 6: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
San FranciscoSan Francisco
Pt. Arena Pt. Arena
MontereyBay
MontereyBay
ROMS 15 km ROMS 5 km
Chl-a (mg m-3)
Surface Chl-a: ROMS 15km vs. 5 kmAnnual Mean
![Page 7: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ROMS 15 km ROMS 5 km
Chl-a (mg m-3)
Surface Chl-a: ROMS 15 km vs. 5 km
Snapshot May 21
![Page 8: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Can ROMS be Applied to Non-Upwelling Coastal Ecosystems?
What Changes are Needed to NPDZ Model?
![Page 9: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Alternatives to Prognostic Numerical Models?
In some cases, simpler diagnostic or correlative models may also be useful
a) Bakun Upwelling Index
b) Coastal N2O Emissions
c) Coastal CO Production
![Page 10: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Bakun Upwelling Index schematic from www.pfeg.noaa.gov
![Page 11: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Upwelling Estimated from QSCAT Wind Data
Nevison et al., 2004
![Page 12: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Upwelling Along Global Eastern Boundaries Estimated from Satellite Winds
annual average upwelling rate (m/s)
Nevison et al., 2004
![Page 13: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
N2O and O2 are Strongly Anticorrelated in Ocean Depth Profiles
Data from Butler et al., 1988
![Page 14: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Sharp Increase Observed in Surface N2O near Coast
Nevison et al., 2004
![Page 15: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Coastal N2O Sources estimated from Satellite Winds and subsurface Oxygen Climatology
values are N2O (nM)
Nevison et al., 2004
![Page 16: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Carbon Monoxide Produced by Photodissociation of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM)
(SeaWiFS 1997-1999)
![Page 17: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Spectrally Resolved Calculation:
CO Production = ∫F *AQY * (1-e-A) dZafiriou et al., 2003
![Page 18: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The End
![Page 19: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
BGC-Ecosystem Model in ROMS
• NPDZ-type ecosystem model incl. C and O2 cycles
• Tuned to upwelling conditions applying literature values
Initial and boundary conditions:• T, S: Levitus (monthly)
• NO3: World Ocean Atlas (seasonal)
• NH4, Phyto, Zoo, Det (Large/Small), CaCO3: const. (arbitr.)
• DIC: - Surface: based on pCO2 climatology (Takahashi et al., 2002) - Layers with seasonal variations of T: Interpolation of DIC based on seasonal T variations - Deep ocean: NOAA/GLODAP climatology (annual)
• ALK: - Surface: NTA/T relationship (Millero et al., 1998) - Layers with seasonal variations of T: Interpolation of NTA based on seasonal T variations - Deep ocean: NOAA/GLODAP climatology (annual) - All layers: Computation of Alk from NTA and S
![Page 20: Working Group 4 Coastal Biogeochemistry Forum, June 23-25, 2004 K. Lindsay, G. McKinley, C. Nevison, K. Plattner, R. Seifert Can coastal ecosystems be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cf95503460f949ca098/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Eddy Kinetic Energy increases largely withfiner model resolution
- mean and mesoscale variability in the CCS
(Marchesiello et al., JPO 2003)
Surface EKE (cm2 s-2)
Time (years)
5 km
10 km
20 km