work/archaeologic… · xls file · web view · 2011-05-02an elongated tablet or flat sceptre,...

108
No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as 1 āocáo 凹凹 groove N 2 bănwă 凹凹 flate tiles N 3 bànyuándĭng 凹凹 凹凹凹凹凹凹 ()() concha N 4 băocúnwánzhĕng 凹凹凹凹 well-preserved N 5 bēijié 凹凹 commemorative stone tablet N 6 bĕiduàn 凹凹 northern region; northern section N 7 bĕishì 凹凹 north compartment N 8 biānhào 凹 凹凹凹凹凹凹 ()() number N 9 biānxiāng 凹 凹凹凹 () side compartment N 10 biānzhuì 凹 凹凹凹凹凹凹 ()() weave V 11 biànxíng 凹 凹凹凹 () distortion N/ADJ 12 biāobĕn 凹 凹凹凹 () specimen;sample N 13 bìhuà 凹凹 凹凹 () wall paintings; mural; fresco N 14 bìkān 凹凹 凹凹 () recess;habitacle;crater;niche N 15 căijí 凹 凹凹凹 () collect V 16 cèqiáng 凹 凹凹凹凹凹凹 ()() side walls N 17 cèshì 凹 凹凹凹 () side chambers N 18 chăndì 凹 凹凹凹 () provenance, production place N 19 chángfāngxíng 凹 凹凹凹凹 () rectangular N 20 chĭcùn 凹凹 size N 21 chóngdié 凹凹 凹凹 () overlapped, pile up ADV 22 chūtŭqìwù 凹凹凹凹 N 23 chuāngfēi 凹凹 casement; window N 24 offering shrines N exavations; unearthed objects; discovery

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Page 1: work/archaeologic… · XLS file · Web view · 2011-05-02an elongated tablet or flat sceptre, carried by nobles at court when offering sacrifices

No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type

1 āocáo 凹槽 groove N 一端插入椁室西挡板的凹槽里 S/B&A

2 bănwă 板瓦 flate tiles N 夯土內包含绳纹板瓦 S/B&A

3 bànyuándĭng 半圆(圓)顶(頂) concha N S/B&A

4 băocúnwánzhĕng 保存完整 well-preserved N 墓葬保存完整 S/B&A

5 bēijié 碑碣 commemorative stone tablet N 碑碣拓片 S/B&A

6 bĕiduàn 北段 northern region; northern section N 北段的随葬品最多 S/B&A

7 bĕishì 北室 north compartment N 北室的淤泥中还发现一枚钱币和头盖骨 S/B&A

8 biānhào 编(編)号(號) number N S/B&A

9 biānxiāng 边(邊)箱 side compartment N 隨葬品主要放置于头箱和边箱 S/B&A

10 biānzhuì 编(編)缀(綴) weave V 玉片用黄金丝缕加以编缀 S/B&A

11 biànxíng 变(變)形 distortion N/ADJ 铁架已变形 S/B&A

12 biāobĕn 标(標)本 specimen;sample N S/B&A

13 bìhuà 壁画(畫) wall paintings; mural; fresco N 辽代墓室壁画 S/B&A

14 bìkān 壁龛(龕) recess;habitacle;crater;niche N 在墓道北壁发现一个小壁龛 S/B&A

15 căijí 采(採)集 collect V S/B&A

16 cèqiáng 侧(側)墙(牆) side walls N 侧墙上部饰西王母题材 S/B&A

17 cèshì 侧(側)室 side chambers N 侧室内无随葬品 S/B&A

18 chăndì 产(產)地 provenance, production place N 器物产地 S/B&A

19 chángfāngxíng 长(長)方形 rectangular N 椁室里面为长方形 S/B&A

20 chĭcùn 尺寸 size N 尺寸大小相同 S/B&A

21 chóngdié 重叠(疊) overlapped, pile up ADV 随葬品杂乱地重叠堆积在一起 S/B&A

22 chūtŭqìwù 出土器物 exavations; unearthed objects; discovery N 一号墓出土器物 S/B&A

23 chuāngfēi 窗扉 casement; window N S/B&A

24 cí 祠 offering shrines N 武梁祠 S/B&A

样品编号为138

标本M1D1:6,红胎

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25 cìxù 次序 sequences N 排列次序 S/B&A

26 dàxíngmù 大型墓 large-scale tombs N 江西南昌发现一座大型墓 S/B&A

27 dānĕrshì 单(單)耳室 single chamber N S/B&A

28 dàodòng 盗洞 tomb-robber's tunnel N 发现有盗洞两处 S/B&A

29 dìcéngxué 地层(層)学(學) stratigraphy N 运用地层学进行断代 S/B&A

30 dìngmíng 定名 naming; labelling V 器物定名 S/B&A

31 dōngbì 东(東)壁 east wall N 紧靠后室东壁 S/B&A

32 dōngcè 东(東)侧(側) eastern side N 东侧的北部置陶壶 S/B&A

33 dòngshĭmù 洞室墓 cave tombs N 四川地区多见洞室墓 S/B&A

34 dŏugŏng 斗(鬥)拱 N 彭山县崖墓墓门两侧间有刻柱及斗拱 S/B&A

35 duījī 堆积(積) accumulate;deposition N/V 随葬品杂乱地重叠堆积在一起 S/B&A

36 ĕrshì 耳室 side chamber;symmetrical side chambers N 东耳室存谷物 S/B&A

37 fājué 发(發)掘 N/V 发掘报告 S/B&A

38 fēichuán 飞(飛)椽 flying rafter N 重檐飞椽 S/B&A

39 fēiyī 飞(飛)衣 silk banner painting N 棺盖飞衣 S/B&A

40 fàngshèxìngtànsùduàndài 放射性碳素断代 carbon 14 datings N 放射性碳素断代法 S/B&A

41 fēnbù 分布(佈) distribute V 南段的随葬品分布于东西两侧 S/B&A

42 fēnlí 分离(離) separate; isolation N/V 器首和器身分离 S/B&A

43 fèngshū 賵书 funerary gift-lists; record of donated items N 包山竹简賵书 S/B&A

44 fùyuán 复(復)原 restore N/V 修正复原 S/B&A

45 fùzàng 祔葬 joint burial V/ADJ 祔葬墓 S/B&A

46 gāodù 高度 height N 器物高度 S/B&A

47 gŏngquàn 拱券 span of arch N S/B&A

bracket set;caved brackets supporting the eaves from the columns

exavate;unearth; uncover; dig

墓门为拱券形顶,双层券,高1.92米

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48 gòngcún 共存 concurrent ADJ 共存关系 S/B&A

49 gòujià 构(構)架 structural frame N 中国古代建筑以木构架结构为主 S/B&A

50 guān 冠 crown; hat N 随葬墓主衣、冠、裙、鞋、袜 S/B&A

51 guān 棺 inner coffins N 朱绘漆棺 S/B&A

52 guānbăn 棺板 coffin plank N 彩绘棺板 S/B&A

53 guānchuáng 棺床 platform for a coffin; coffin bed N 棺床前两侧各砌一小平台 S/B&A

54 guāndăngbăn 棺挡(擋)板 end panel of a coffin N S/B&A

55 guāncèbăn 棺侧(側)板 side panel of a coffin N S/B&A

56 guānguŏshìjiàn 棺椁(槨)饰(飾)件 coffin accessories N S/B&A

57 guānhuán 棺环(環) coffin ring N 铜棺环 S/B&A

58 guīfū 龟趺 pedestal in the form of a tortoise N 龟趺碑 S/B&A

59 guìyŏng 跪俑 kneeling figurine N 陶跪俑 S/B&A

60 guìzú nobles N 贵族阶层 S/B&A

61 guŏ 椁(槨) outer conffins N 木椁 S/B&A

62 guŏshì 椁(槨)室 burial chamber N 位于椁室上部 S/B&A

63 gòumăi 购(購)买(買) purchase; buy V 购买年月 S/B&A

64 hāngtŭ 夯土 rammed earth N S/B&A

65 hāngcéng 夯层(層) tamping sandy layer N S/B&A

66 hénjì 痕迹(跡) trace; mark N 朽木痕迹 S/B&A

67 héngliáng 横(橫)梁 transverse lintel N S/B&A

68 hézàng 合葬 joint burial V 合葬墓,夫妇合葬 S/B&A

69 hòushì 后(後)室 burial chamber; back chamber N 后室发现金银饰件 S/B&A

70 hòu 厚 thickness N S/B&A

71 hŭxíngtóngqìzuò 虎形铜(銅)器座 tiger-shaped bronze seat N 鎏金虎形铜器座 S/B&A

72 huàxiàngzhuān 画(畫)像砖(磚) painted bricks; bricks with moulded design N 汉代画像砖 S/B&A

贵(貴)族

夯土是一层层夯实的,结构紧密,一般比生土还要坚硬夯层厚13厘米

壁画主要分布在前室中南北两壁以及西壁墓门横梁上

厚5厘米

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73 huàxiàngkōngxīnzhuān 画(畫)像空心砖(磚) decorated hollow bricks N S/B&A

74 huàxiàngshí 画(畫)像石 carved stone N 东汉画像石 S/B&A

75 jiăozhù 角柱 corner column N 侧室入口处各置两根四角柱 S/B&A

76 jiăozhùshí 角柱石 corner pier N 石柱下置角柱石、须弥座 S/B&A

77 jiàocáng 窖藏 hoard N 金银器窖藏 S/B&A

78 jītĭ 基体(體) matrix;substrate N S/B&A

79 jítĭzàng collective burial N S/B&A

80 jìlĭ 祭礼(禮) cult N 宗庙祭礼 S/B&A

81 jìsìkēng 祭祀坑 sacrifice pit N 三星堆祭祀坑 S/B&A

82 jīngqiăo 精巧 delicate ADJ/ADV 制作精巧 S/B&A

83 juéduìniándài 绝(絕)对(對)年代 absolute date N 遗址的绝对年代 S/B&A

84 jùlí 距离(離) distance N S/B&A

85 kăogŭ 考古 archaeology N 考古发掘 S/B&A

86 lèixíngxué 类(類)型学(學) typology N 考古类型学 S/B&A

87 liáng 梁 beam N 横梁 S/B&A

88 liángjiān 梁间(間) case N S/B&A

89 língchuáng 灵(靈)床 wooden boards for supporting the corpse N 灵床上设烛、托盘、杯、碗等 S/B&A

90 língjiàn 零件 individual parts N S/B&A

91 língmù 陵墓 mausoleum;imperial mausoleum N S/B&A

92 línjìn 临近 contiguous ADJ S/B&A

93 lĭyí 礼(禮)仪(儀) ceremony; ritual N S/B&A

94 lìyŏng 立俑 standing figure N 陶立俑 S/B&A

95 lìyŏng 吏俑 civil official figure N 陶吏俑 S/B&A

96 lìzhù 立柱 column;pillar N 在立柱之间架设门窗 S/B&A

97 méndào 门(門)道 door way N 门道位于主室东壁偏南处 S/B&A

基体厚65-75厘米集体(體)葬

西部出土博山炉和一些器具的铜、铁零件周代陵墓集中在陕西省西安和河南省洛阳附近

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98 ménfēi 门(門)扉 door leaf N S/B&A

99 ménkuàng 门(門)框 door frame N S/B&A

100 ménméi 门(門)楣 gate header; door head N S/B&A

101 ménxiàn 门(門)限 doorsill N S/B&A

102 míngqì 明器 funerary object N 随葬明器 S/B&A

103 míngchēng 名称(稱) name; designation; appellation N 器物名称 S/B&A

104 mù 墓 tombs; graves N 双室墓,多室墓 S/B&A

105 mùdào 墓道 shaft; tomb passage N S/B&A

106 mùguŏshì 墓椁室 wooden funeral chamber N 北魏冯素弗墓墓椁室顶上绘星象图 S/B&A

107 mùkŏu 墓口 entrance N S/B&A

108 mùmén 墓门(門) gate N 东汉时期墓门为对称构图画像 S/B&A

109 mùshì 墓室 coffin chamber; funeral chamber N 东汉墓室壁画车马出行图 S/B&A

110 mùzàng 墓葬 burials N S/B&A

111 mùzhì 墓志 epitaph N 这批墓志是唐代石刻文献的重要发现 S/B&A

112 mùzŭ 墓主 occupant of the tomb N 墓主身份尊贵 S/B&A

113 mùbăn 木板 wooden planks N 木板彩画 S/B&A

114 mùchuán 木船 wooden boats; wooden ship N 头箱有大量奴婢和车马、木船 S/B&A

115 mùjiégòu 木结构 wooden structure N 木结构崖墓 S/B&A

116 mùyŏng 木俑 wooden grave figurines N 彩绘木俑 S/B&A

石门由门楣、门限、左右门框和左右门扉组成石门由门楣、门限、左右门框和左右门扉组成石门由门楣、门限、左右门框和左右门扉组成石门由门楣、门限、左右门框和左右门扉组成

刀形”墓在唐玄宗以后常见,而且墓道逐渐缩短

距墓口0.5米

宝鸡眉县常兴镇境内出土一座东汉时期墓葬

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117 nánduàn 南段 southern region N 南段的随葬品分布于东西两侧 S/B&A

118 nánĕrshì 南耳室 southern chamber N 南耳室随葬车马器 S/B&A

119 nèibì 内壁 interior walls N 盘内壁髹褐色漆 S/B&A

120 nèiguŏ 內椁(槨) inner coffins N S/B&A

121 nèizhù 内柱 hypostyle column N 四根巨大的内柱均为四瓣镶嵌的梅花柱 S/B&A

122 niándài 年代 date N 确定器物年代 S/B&A

123 niándàixué 年代学(學) study of chronology N 长沙楚墓年代学研究 S/B&A

124 núbì 奴婢 servants N 头箱有大量奴婢和车马 S/B&A

125 páiliè 排列 disposition;arrange N S/B&A

126 páiyōuyŏng 俳优(優)俑 story teller/entertainer pottery figure N S/B&A

127 péiguŏ 陪椁(槨) coffin of the attendant N S/B&A

128 píngliè 平列 parallel N 头箱和边箱顶板平列拼接 S/B&A

129 píngmín 平民 common people N 平民阶层 S/B&A

130 píngzhù 平柱 central bay column N 平柱约与后檐次间中线相对 S/B&A

131 pūshŏu 铺首 animal mask N 铺首衔环 S/B&A

132 qīpí 漆皮 lacquer surface N 残余漆皮 S/B&A

133 qíyŏng 骑(騎)俑 riding figures N 內有骑俑两个 S/B&A

134 qìwù 器物 objects; implements; utensil; wares N 随葬器物 S/B&A

135 qiăncè 遣册 the list of grave goods; tomb inventories N 包山楚墓出土大量的遣册 S/B&A

136 qiánshì 前室 vestibule; front chamber N 前室顶的东北部分有一个盗洞 S/B&A

137 qīnggāoní 青膏泥 blue clay N S/B&A

138 qīnghuīní 青灰泥 bituminous plaster N 中部填土为青灰泥 S/B&A

139 quàndĭng 券顶 vaulted ceiling N 墓室四壁及券顶布满彩绘壁画 S/B&A

140 quàndĭngmù 券顶墓 vaulted tomb N 湖南长沙发现一座大型券顶墓 S/B&A

青膏泥厚达5.4米

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141 qūbié 区(區)別 distinguish V S/B&A

142 qūzhīzàng 屈肢葬 flexed burial V 秦墓多见屈肢葬 S/B&A

143 què 阕 memorial pillars N 汉代石阕 S/B&A

144 răoluàn 扰(擾)乱(亂) disarray; disorder; disturb V 随葬器物被扰乱 S/B&A

145 rìyòngqì 日用器 utensils for daily life N 青瓷尺寸小于日用器 S/B&A

146 róngliàng 容量 capacity N 器物容量 S/B&A

147 rùliàn 入敛 bury V 入殓时把上衣的前、后片放倒了 S/B&A

148 shēngtŭ 生土 raw soil N 生土层 S/B&A

149 shéndào 神道 spirit way N 神道石兽 S/B&A

150 shīgŭ 尸(屍)骨 human skeletal remains N 尸骨处发现铜镜两枚 S/B&A

151 shíbēi 石碑 stele N 石碑刻文 S/B&A

152 shíchŭ 石础(礎) stone base N 莲花纹石础 S/B&A

153 shíguān 石棺 stone sarcophagus N 石棺内随葬铜器、陶器 S/B&A

154 shíguānzàng 石棺葬 stone coffin burial N S/B&A

155 shímén 石门(門) stone gate N 石门上浅浮雕武士形象 S/B&A

156 shímò 石磨 stone mill N 北耳室随葬石磨等 S/B&A

157 shítái 石台 stone platform N 祭奠石台 S/B&A

158 shíshòu 石兽(獸) stone figures N 石门两侧有石兽一对 S/B&A

159 shùxuèmù 竖(豎)穴墓 vertical-pit-grave N 竖穴墓 S/B&A

160 suízàngpĭn 随(隨)葬品 N 随葬品数量很少 S/B&A

161 tàpiàn 拓片 rubbing N 画像石拓片 S/B&A

162 tāntā 坍塌 collapse N/V 室顶坍塌 S/B&A

163 tàngōu 探沟(溝) exploration ditch N S/B&A

164 táopiàn 陶片 pottery sherds N 出土陶片 S/B&A

165 tèshū 特殊 distinguishing; special ADJ S/B&A

166 tèxìng 特性 distinction N S/B&A

167 tiĕqì iron object N S/B&A

grave goods; grave contents; burial accessories

铁(鐵)器 广州南越王墓出土铁器700多件

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168 tiántŭ 填土 earth filling N 残留在填土中 S/B&A

169 tiānjĭng 天井 vertical air-shaft N S/B&A

170 tiānwáng 天王 heavenly king N/ADJ 三彩天王俑 S/B&A

171 tíjì 题(題)记(記) inscriptions; graffito N 墓室题记 S/B&A

172 tōngdào 通道 corridor N S/B&A

173 tóngqī 同期 contemporaneous ADJ S/B&A

174 tóngdīng 铜(銅)钉(釘) bronze nails N 鎏金铜钉 S/B&A

175 tónglòudŏu 铜(銅)漏斗(鬥) bronze funnel N 磨系置于大型的铜漏斗中 S/B&A

176 tóngzhànggōu 铜(銅)帐(帳)钩(鉤) bronze curtain hooks N 中部出土许多铜帐钩 S/B&A

177 tóuxiāng head compartment N 随葬品主要放置于头箱和边箱 S/B&A

178 tuīcè 推测(測) predict, infer; speculate V 推测其下原有木架之类的设置 S/B&A

179 tuōjià 托架 bracket N S/B&A

180 wădāng 瓦当(當) tile-end; eave tile N 四灵纹瓦当 S/B&A

181 wàiguān 外棺 outer confin N 外棺髹朱漆 S/B&A

182 wéixí 苇席 reed mat N 苇席为人字纹编织 S/B&A

183 wéizhàng 帷帐(帳) curtain N 帷帐的帷幕已朽烂 S/B&A

184 wénzìxué 文字学(學) paleography N 古文字学 S/B&A

185 wŭhuātŭ 五花土 variegated soil N 上部系坑土回填,为带红色的五花土 S/B&A

186 wŭqì 武器 weapons N 戟、矛等武器发现于主室东部 S/B&A

187 wŭshìyŏng 武士俑 warrior figurine N 陶武士俑 S/B&A

188 wŭyŏng 舞俑 dancer figurine N 三彩舞俑 S/B&A

189 wŭzhūqián 五铢钱 wuzhu money; wuzhu coin N 随葬五铢钱 S/B&A

190 xīshì 西室 western compartment; west chamber N 西室出土铜矛、铜箭镞、削刀等 S/B&A

隋和唐初,流行长斜坡墓道多天井的单室墓

徐州龟山汉墓通道地平面,内外高低相差527毫米

头(頭)箱

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191 xiăokān 小龛(龕) niche N S/B&A

192 xiēxĭngyŭn 楔形榫 dovetail N 楔形榫卯砖用来起券 S/B&A

193 xiédĭng 斜顶(頂) sloping roof N 墓顶为斜顶 S/B&A

194 xiépō 斜坡 ramp N 阿斯塔那墓形制为斜坡墓道洞室墓 S/B&A

195 xiūshĭ 修史 historiography N S/B&A

196 xiūzhĕng 修整 trim;conditioning; reconsruction N/V 修正复原 S/B&A

197 xiŭlàn 朽烂(爛) decay V/ADJ 帷帐的帷幕已朽烂 S/B&A

198 xuánbìliáng cantilever N S/B&A

199 yámù 崖墓 cliff tomb N S/B&A

200 yánchuán 檐椽 eave-rafter N S/B&A

201 yánzhù 檐柱 peripheral column N S/B&A

202 yāokēng 腰坑 waist pit N S/B&A

203 yī 衣 clothing N 随葬墓主衣、冠、裙、鞋、袜 S/B&A

204 yíhái 遗(遺)骸 remains N 发现牲畜遗骸 S/B&A

205 yíjì 遗(遺)迹(跡) ruins N 探索历史文化遗迹 S/B&A

206 yíwù 遗(遺)物 relic N 寿县蔡侯墓出土遗物 S/B&A

207 yízhĭ 遗(遺)址 archaeological site N 元大都遗址 S/B&A

208 yízhì 移置 displacement N S/B&A

209 yŏng 俑 tomb figurine N 随葬陶俑 S/B&A

210 yŏngdào 甬道 shaft; tomb passage N 甬道内发现瓷片 S/B&A

211 yòngtú 用途 function;use N 实际用途 S/B&A

212 záqì 杂器 miscellaneous objects N 杂器六项 S/B&A

奉先寺的九躯大像的背后有很多长方形的小龛

悬(懸)臂梁绵阳涪城区新皂镇一座山梁两侧,考古人员发现了150座六朝到东汉时期的崖墓群白沙宋墓墓门正面是仿木建筑门楼,上砌斗、檐椽和瓦脊祠堂前设轩廊,次间和梢间檐柱间安栏杆葬具为棺椁,无腰坑

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213 záluàn 杂(雜)乱(亂) random; disorder ADV 随葬品杂乱地重叠堆积在一起 S/B&A

214 zájìyŏng 杂技俑 acrobat figurine N S/B&A

215 zăijiùchē 载(載)柩车(車) hearse N 载柩车遗迹 S/B&A

216 zàngdì 葬地 burial ground N S/B&A

217 zàngjù 葬具 funerary utensile N 小型葬具 S/B&A

218 zànglĭ 葬礼 funerary rites N 葬礼沿用楚制 S/B&A

219 zàngzhì 葬制 funerary customs N S/B&A

220 záo 凿(鑿) chisel N/V 帷帐北侧放置锛、凿等 S/B&A

221 záojĭng 藻井 caisson;coffer N 藻井顶棚 S/B&A

222 zhènmùshòu 镇(鎮)墓兽(獸) N 楚墓常见镇墓兽 S/B&A

223 zhèngjí 正脊 main ridge N 正脊上有龙头纹吻兽 S/B&A

224 zhèngzhì 政治 politics,political N/ADJ 政治权利 S/B&A

225 zhīchēngwù 支撑(撐)物 bracing N S/B&A

226 zhíliáng 直梁 straight beam N S/B&A

227 zhízhīzàng 直肢葬 extended burial N S/B&A

228 zhìzuò 制(製)作 manufacture N/V 制作工序 S/B&A

229 zhōngshì 中室 central chamber N 中室发现乐器、铜器 S/B&A

230 zhōngqū 中区 central area N 中区东部的随葬品主要是铜器 S/B&A

231 zhòngliàng 重量 weight N 器物重量 S/B&A

232 zhŭshì 主室 main chamber N 主室内随葬品不多 S/B&A

233 zhù 柱 column N 鸟柱盘 S/B&A

234 zhùtóu 柱头(頭) top of column; column cap N 柱头以上四壁条砖砌出横枋 S/B&A

235 zhuānshímù 砖(磚)石墓 brick-chambered tomb N 宋代成都流行砖石墓 S/B&A

黄肠题凑是西汉皇室贵族专用的一种葬制

guardian grave monster with antlers; tomb-securing beast

椁室采用横、直梁或置隔板的方法分成二至九室黄河流域的墓葬盛行长方形土坑竖穴墓,

葬式以仰身直肢葬为主

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236 zhuānwă 砖(磚)瓦 tiles and bricks N 砖瓦碎片 S/B&A

237 zhújiăn 竹简(簡) bamboo slips N 湖北云梦秦墓发掘出珍贵竹简 S/B&A

238 zhútái 烛(燭)台 candlestick N 青瓷烛台 S/B&A

239 xīnshíqìshíqī 新石器时(時)期 neolithic period N/ADJ 新石器时期遗址 S/B&A

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type

1 āodĭ 凹底 concave base N 凹底罐 S/S

2 bānshŏu 扳手 handles N 腹部有扳手一只 S/S

3 bānyuán 半圆(圓) hemispherical N/ADJ 半圆形孔 S/S

4 biănzú 扁足 flattened foot N 龙纹扁足鼎 S/S

5 biănhúfù 扁弧腹 squat,round belly N/ADJ 斝大侈口,扁弧腹 S/S

6 bìkŏng 篦孔 slits N 底部密布细长的篦孔 S/S

7 chángléngjĭ 长(長)棱脊 long ridge N S/S

8 chángfāngxĭngfùĕr 长(長)方形附耳 rectangular lugs N 口外两侧各有一长方形附耳 S/S

9 chángjĭng 长(長)颈(頸) elongated neck ADJ 长颈瓶 S/S

10 chángkŏu 敞口 flaring mouth N 父乙铜尊敞口、扁圆腹 S/S

11 chĭkŏu 侈口 N 青瓷细颈瓶侈口、细长腹 S/S

12 chuíĕr 垂耳 hanging lob N S/S

13 cūbĭng 粗柄 thick handle N S/S

14 dàizú 袋足 pounched leg N/ADJ 袋足鬲 S/S

15 dūnhòu 敦厚 deeply rounded body ADJ 铜盖豆造型敦厚 S/S

16 dùnjiăo 钝(鈍)角 obtuse angle N/ADJ 胡上与援间呈钝角 S/S

17 duănjĭng 短颈(頸) short neck N/ADJ 罐短颈、溜肩 S/S

18 fănchún 反唇 spreading rim N/ADJ S/S

19 fāngĕr 方耳 squarish handles N 楚墓漆耳杯多见方耳 S/S

20 fāngxíngzuò 方形座 a square plinth N 铜盖豆平底、方形座 S/S

21 fāngxíngshuāngchún 方形双(雙)唇 square double-rims N/ADJ 方壶带盖、方形双唇 S/S

22 fāngxíngxiēkŏng 方形楔孔 square perforaitons N 銎的前后两侧有方形楔孔 S/S

23 fēiléng 扉棱 raised flanges N 方彝通体四角饰扉棱 S/S

24 fēngchún 丰(豐)唇 thickened rim N/ADJ 罐丰唇、侈口 S/S

25 fùĕr 附耳 lug handles N 两侧对称竖置一对长方形附耳 S/S

wide flared mouth;everted mouth

另外二件吹箫陶俑均头戴尖顶帽、长脸、高鼻深目、长垂耳

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26 gāozú 高足 tall stem-foot N/ADJ 高足杯 S/S

27 gŭfù 鼓腹 swelling belly; globular body;bulging profile N 瓶圆肩鼓腹 S/S

28 guănxíngliú 管形流 tubular spout N 盉肩部有一斜立管形流 S/S

29 guăngjiān 广(廣)肩 broad shoulders N/ADV 铜罍短颈广肩 S/S

30 guăngzhéjiān 广(廣)折肩 broad and angular shoulder N/ADJ S/S

31 héngxíngfùĕr 横形附耳 latitudinal rings N 腹部上下有两个横形附耳 S/S

32 huánĕr 环(環)耳 ring-handles;ring-ears N 春秋楚国环耳蟠虺纹盘 S/S

33 jiānzhuīkōngzú 尖锥(錐)空足 sharply-pointed hollow legs N 斝平底,尖锥空足 S/S

34 juănjiăo 卷角 spiral horn; curved horn N S/S

35 lăbāzú 喇叭足 a spreading trumpet-shaped base N 铜盖豆为细长柄、喇叭足 S/S

36 liănkŏu 敛(斂)口 N 碗敛口、玉璧底 S/S

37 língxínglóukŏng 菱形镂(鏤)孔 reticulated rhomboids N 底部为长菱形镂孔 S/S

38 liūjiān 溜肩 sloping shoulder N 罐短颈、溜肩 S/S

39 liú 流 spout N 双耳带流罐 S/S

40 lóngdĭng 隆顶(頂) bulging top N/ADJ S/S

41 lóngqĭ 隆起 raised; uplift N/ADV 中脊隆起 S/S

42 niăoxíngzhuōshŏu 鸟(鳥)形捉手 bird-shaped finials N 盖顶有三个鸟形捉手 S/S

43 nièzhé 内折 turn inwards at a sharp angle N 器身直壁,下部內折 S/S

44 niŭ 钮(鈕) knobs N 顶上有三个圆钮 S/S

45 píngdĭ 平底 flat bottom N 平底罐 S/S

46 píngzhéyuán 平折缘 flattened everted rim in stepped form N/ADJ 甗口为平折缘 S/S

47 piézú 撇足 flared foot; splaying foot N 瓶口略敛,撇足 S/S

48 qìshēn 器身 shape N 器身扁圆 S/S

49 qiănfù 浅(淺)腹 shallow belly N 盘敞口、浅腹 S/S

50 qiúxínggài 球形盖(蓋) dome-shaped cover N 铜灯为球形盖 S/S

contracted mouth; incurved mouth; inturned mouth

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51 qŭmiàn 曲面 convex surface N 三角漆器另一面为曲面 S/S

52 qŭdĭ 曲底 curved base N 盉分档曲底 S/S

53 quānĕr 圈耳 loop ears N 圈耳瓶 S/S

54 quānzú 圈足 circular leg;ring foot N 圈足杯 S/S

55 quānzuò 圈座 circular base N 柱下有圆形圈座 S/S

56 shēnfù 深腹 deep belly N 深腹罐 S/S

57 shōufù 收腹 waisted belly N/ADJ S/S

58 shòuxíngzú animal-shaped legs N 铜兽形足黑漆卮 S/S

59 shòumiànxiánhuán a ring suspended from an animal mask N 侧面饰兽面衔环 S/S

60 shùjĭng 束颈(頸) contracted neck N 束颈瓶 S/S

61 shùmiàn 素面 plain, undecorated,simple N 青瓷碗素面无纹 S/S

62 tīxíng 梯形 terrace;ladder-type N 玉片有长方形、梯形、三角形 S/S

63 tízú 蹄足 cabriole legs N 三蹄足 S/S

64 tūgài 凸盖(蓋) convex lid N 凸盖饰云气纹 S/S

65 tūléng 凸棱 raised bands N 器身有两道凸棱 S/S

66 tuŏyuánxíng 椭圆(圓)形 oval shape N S/S

67 wāijĭng 歪颈(頸) twisted neck N 匏壶歪颈、圆腹 S/S

68 wàipiĕ 外撇 flaring ADJ 附耳外撇 S/S

69 xìjiānĕr 细(細)尖耳 small pointed ears N S/S

70 xiāodīngkŏng 销(銷)钉(釘)孔 nail holes N 上下均有销钉孔 S/S

71 xiélì 斜立 upward-slanting N 盉肩部有一斜立管形流 S/S

72 xiéjiān 斜肩 slant shoulder N/ADJ S/S

73 xíngzhì 形制 shape,form N 形制、大小基本相同 S/S

74 yuánbĭngzhuàng 圆(圓)饼(餅)状(狀) disc-like N 圆饼状捉手 S/S

75 yuánĕr 圆(圓)耳 round-handeled ADJ 圆耳耳杯 S/S

76 yuánjiān 圆(圓)肩 circular shoulder N 瓶圆肩鼓腹 S/S

77 yuánkŏu 圆(圓)口 oval rim N 壶圆口鼓腹 S/S

兽(獸)形足兽(獸)衔(銜)环(環)

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78 zhéhégài 折合盖(蓋) hinged cover N 折合盖球形铜灯 S/S

79 zhéyuán 折缘 everted rim N 甑折沿斜壁 S/S

80 zhīdīng 支钉(釘) spurs N 圈足上有三个支钉 S/S

81 zhíbì 直壁 upright sides N/ADJ 器身直壁、下部内折 S/S

82 zhíĕr 直耳 upright handles N/ADJ 妇好鼎直耳,深鼓腹,圜底 S/S

83 zhíjĭng 直颈(頸) straight neck N/ADJ 直颈罐 S/S

84 zhítŏng 直筒 cylindrical N/ADJ 器身圆形直筒 S/S

85 zhíyán 直沿 straight rim N/ADJ 铜鼎直沿、束颈 S/S

86 zhízú 直足 vertical leg N S/S

87 zhōngkōng 中空 hollow ADJ 柄中空 S/S

88 zhuīzú 锥(錐)足 conical leg N 锥足鼎 S/S

青铜人面方鼎立耳、深腹、四足为柱状直足

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type

1 bājíxiáng 八吉祥 the eight Buddhist emblems of good augury N S/D&M

2 báihŭ 白虎 white tiger, symbol of the west and of autumn N S/D&M

3 băoxiànghuā 宝(寶)相花 rosette N 宝相花是唐代织锦中最流行的纹样 S/D&M

4 biàntĭ 变(變)体(體) transmuted ADJ/ADV 变体鸟纹 S/D&M

5 bìwén 篦纹(紋) comb pattern N 篦纹灰陶罐 S/D&M

6 bōzhéwén 波折纹(紋) zigzag pattern N 肩部饰波折纹 S/D&M

7 căihuì 彩绘(繪) painted ADJ/ADV 饰红色彩绘 S/D&M

8 căisāngtú 采(採)桑图(圖) design of mulberry-leaf picking N 器表饰采桑图 S/D&M

9 cánwén 蚕(蠶)纹(紋) silkworm-like pattern N 浮雕蚕纹 S/D&M

10 chánwén 蝉(蟬)纹(紋) cicada pattern N S/D&M

11 chánzhīhuā 缠(纏)枝花 interlocking flowers N 缠枝花鎏金八角杯 S/D&M

12 chángshòuxiù 长(長)寿(壽)绣(繡) embroidery of longevity pattern N 湖南长沙汉墓出土长寿绣绛红色绢 S/D&M

13 chéngyúnxiù 乘云(雲)绣(繡) N 黄褐色对鸟菱纹绮地乘云绣 S/D&M

14 chónghuán 重环(環) double-ring pattern N 壶口沿饰重环纹 S/D&M

15 chōuxiàng 抽象 abstract ADJ/ADV 彩绘抽象几何对称凤鸟纹漆梳 S/D&M

16 chūxíngtú 出行图(圖) procession scene N 车马出行图 S/D&M

17 chuíyèwén 垂叶(葉)纹(紋) descending leaf pattern N 垂叶纹青瓷杯 S/D&M

18 dàizhuàngwén 带(帶)状(狀)纹(紋) band-shaped decoration N 耳杯口沿饰带状纹 S/D&M

19 diănwén 点(點)纹(紋) dot form patterns N 盖面饰点纹 S/D&M

20 dòngwùwén 动(動)物纹(紋) zoomorphic motifs N 彩绘动物纹 S/D&M

21 duìchèn 对(對)称(稱) symmetrical N 中轴对称的多室墓 S/D&M

22 duìniăowén 对(對)鸟(鳥)纹(紋) confronted bird design N 对鸟纹漆盘 S/D&M

23 dūnhŭ 蹲虎 crouching tiger N 蹲虎形铜饰 S/D&M

24 èrshíbāxiù 二十八宿 twenty-eight constellations N 彩绘苍龙白虎二十八宿漆箱 S/D&M

白虎是主管西方的神灵,与青龙、朱雀、玄武共同组成四灵

embriodery decorated with riding clouds pattern

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25 fĕnbĕn 粉本 a preliminary sketch to be painted over N 汉代画像石图像的粉本设计 S/D&M

26 fèngwén 凤(鳳)纹(紋) Phoenix pattern N 凤纹刺绣 S/D&M

27 géwén 格纹(紋) checked pattern N 碗口壁浅划格纹 S/D&M

28 gōuliánlóngwén 勾连(連)龙(龍)纹(紋) design of conjoined dragons N 彩绘勾连龙纹漆外棺 S/D&M

29 gŭwén 谷(穀)纹(紋) grain pattern N 谷纹玉璧 S/D&M

30 héngtāosuŏwén latitudinal ropes N 颈下有横縧索纹三道 S/D&M

31 huíwén 回纹(紋) retangular spiral;meander pattern N 回纹锦 S/D&M

32 huíshŏufèngniăowén 回首凤(鳳)鸟(鳥)纹(紋) N 彩绘变形回首凤鸟纹漆几 S/D&M

33 jĭhéwén 几(幾)何纹(紋) geometric pattern N 几何纹锦 S/D&M

34 jiāoyèwén 蕉叶(葉)纹(紋) plantain leaf N 蕉叶纹青瓷洗 S/D&M

35 jiāolŏngwén 交龙(龍)纹(紋) intertwining pattern of dragons N 鎏金交龙纹壶 S/D&M

36 jiéwén 节(節)纹(紋) segmented lines N 身有节纹 S/D&M

37 juănyúnwén 卷云(雲)纹(紋) cirrus design N 彩绘卷云纹漆盘 S/D&M

38 kuíwén 夔纹(紋) kui-dragon design N 夔纹鼎 S/D&M

39 lánwén 蓝(籃)纹(紋) basket pattern N 罐口沿饰篮纹 S/D&M

40 liánbànwén lotus-petal design N 青瓷罐肩部凸雕莲瓣纹 S/D&M

41 liánzhūwén granulation N 翼马联珠纹锦 S/D&M

42 línwén 鳞(鱗)纹(紋) fish scale pattern N 垂鳞纹方鼎 S/D&M

43 língwén 菱纹(紋) lozenge pattern N 菱纹绢 S/D&M

44 lóngwén 龙(龍)纹(紋) dragon pattern N 龙纹梅瓶 S/D&M

45 pánchīwén 蟠螭纹(紋) interlaced hydra design N 蟠螭纹鼎 S/D&M

46 pánhuìwén 蟠虺纹(紋) coiled serpent design N 蟠虺纹壶 S/D&M

47 qíwén 棋纹(紋) chequer pattern N 罐腹部彩绘棋纹 S/D&M

48 qīnglóng 青龙(龍) green dragon, symbol of the east and of spring N 青龙是东方之神 S/D&M

49 rénzìwén 人字纹(紋) zigzag N 人字纹瓦当 S/D&M

50 rŭdīngwén 乳丁纹(紋) nipple patterns N 乳丁纹鬶 S/D&M

横縧索纹(紋)

transmuted phoenixes turning their heads backwards

莲(蓮)瓣纹(紋)联(聯)珠纹(紋)

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51 shānshuĭ 山水 landscape, mountains and water N 写意山水画 S/D&M

52 shānjiăoyúnwén design of triangles and clouds N 彩绘三角云纹漆盾 S/D&M

53 shénshòuwén 神兽(獸)纹(紋) design of mythical beasts N 彩绘神兽纹漆棺 S/D&M

54 shéngwén 绳纹(紋) cord pattern N 陶瓶外拍饰绳纹 S/D&M

55 shì 饰(飾) decorate V 四周饰卷云纹 S/D&M

56 shìdìwén persimmon-calyx N 盖面镶嵌柿蒂纹 S/D&M

57 shòuliètú 狩猎(獵)图 hunting scenes N 大同电厂北魏墓四壁绘有狩猎图 S/D&M

58 shùtāosuŏwén 竖(豎)縧索纹 longitudinal ropes N 腹部有竖縧索纹三道 S/D&M

59 sìlíng 四灵(靈) N 四灵瓦当 S/D&M

60 sùwén grain or millet pattern; granulated surface N S/D&M

61 tiàowán 跳丸 ball-juggling N S/D&M

62 tuánwén 团(團)纹(紋) circle pattern N 青瓷洗口沿饰团纹 S/D&M

63 tuánhuāwén 团(團)花纹(紋) posy design N 唾壶肩部压印团花纹 S/D&M

64 wăwén 瓦纹(紋) tile pattern N 瓦纹羊尊 S/D&M

65 wàixíng 外形 contour N S/D&M

66 wăngxiànguāwén 网(網)线(線)瓜纹(紋) hatched gourd motif N 马厂型彩陶多饰网线瓜纹 S/D&M

67 wénshì 纹(紋)饰(飾) motif,design, pattern, mark, decoration N 纹饰清晰 S/D&M

68 wōxíngwén 涡(渦)形纹(紋) spirals N 彩绘涡形纹漆鼓 S/D&M

69 wūshīxìlóng 巫师(師)戏(戲)龙(龍) a scorcerer combating a dragon N 彩绘巫师戏龙图 S/D&M

70 wŭpán 舞盘(盤) plate-spinning N 杯盘舞 S/D&M

71 xīwángmŭ 西王母 queen mother of the west N S/D&M

72 xiánwén 弦纹(紋) bow-string pattern N 碗口沿饰弦纹 S/D&M

73 xiào 孝 filial piety N 尊礼重孝 S/D&M

74 xiéfānggé 斜方格 rhomboid form N 陶罐肩部拍印斜方格纹 S/D&M

三角云(雲)纹(紋)

柿蒂纹(紋)

the four supernature beings symbolizing the four quadrants of the sky and the earth, and also the four seasons

粟纹(紋)

打虎亭汉墓绘有跳丸、盘舞等多姿献技的百戏图像

西王母其状如人,豹尾虎齿,善啸,蓬发戴胜

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75 xiéwén 斜纹 diagonal N/ADJ S/D&M

76 xiéxiànwén 斜线(線)纹(紋) slanted line pattern N S/D&M

77 xīngzhuàng 星状(狀) star-like form ADJ/ADV 星状纹 S/D&M

78 xùshìhuà 叙(敘)事画(畫) narrative scenes N 漆盘内绘人物叙事画 S/D&M

79 xuánwŭ 玄武 N 玄武为北方之神 S/D&M

80 yànlètú 宴乐图 feasting and entertainment N S/D&M

81 yízhàng 仪(儀)仗 guard of honour;retinue N S/D&M

82 yìshĭ 驿(驛)使 courier N 驿使图 S/D&M

83 yínglĕi 营(營)垒(壘) encampment N S/D&M

84 yìnhuā 印花 stamped or impressed decoration N 乾隆粉青釉印花瓷器 S/D&M

85 yuánwōwén 圆(圓)涡纹(紋) whorl pattern N 漆奁盖顶彩绘圆涡纹 S/D&M

86 yúwén 鱼(魚)纹(紋) fish pattern N 彩绘鱼纹漆耳杯 S/D&M

87 yúnléiwén 云(雲)雷(纹(紋) cloud and thunder pattern N 云雷纹漆豆 S/D&M

88 yúnlóngwén 云(雲)龙(龍)纹(紋) design of dragons amongst clouds N 彩绘云龙纹漆钟 S/D&M

89 zájì 杂(雜)技 acrobatics N 乐舞杂技 S/D&M

90 zhūquè 朱雀 N 朱雀为南方之神 S/D&M

91 zhúwén 主纹(紋) thematic pattern; dominant design N 主纹为凤鸟纹 S/D&M

92 xìgéwén 细(細)格纹(紋) trellises N 瓶下部彩绘细格纹 S/D&M

sombre warrior, symbol of the north and of winter, in the form of a tortoise and a serpent

南京市雨花台区大定坊马家山明司礼太监吴经墓出土仪仗俑墓葬区紧邻清代镇海中军前营驻地营垒

scarlet bird, symbol of the south and of summer

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Illustration Type

1 bēi 杯 cup N 双耳杯 S/B

2 bèishāo 焙烧(燒) calcinations; furnacing N/V 分段翻制器范,并焙烧 S/B

3 biănhú 扁壶(壺) flask; flattened jar N 铜扁壶 S/B

4 bì 匕 spoon N 铜匕 S/B

5 bīngqì 兵器 weapons N 铜兵器 S/B

6 bō 钵(缽) bowl N 铜钵 S/B

7 bóshānlú 博山炉(爐) hill censer N 鎏金博山炉 S/B

8 chēmăqì 车(車)马(馬)器 chariot fittings N 后室随葬车马器 S/B

9 chéngshēngqì 盛牲器 sacrificial animal containers N S/B

10 chŭxíngqì 杵形器 pestle-shaped object N 铜杵形器 S/B

11 chúnyú 錞于 N 虎钮錞于 S/B

12 cuòjīn 错(錯)金 gold inlay N 器身错金 S/B

13 cuò 锉(銼) file N 锉刀 S/B

按功能分为盛牲器、食器、盛酒器等

a military musical instrument,cylindrical, upper part larger than the lower, knob with animal design on top

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14 dămó 打磨 burnish V 打磨平整 S/B

15 dàigōu 带钩(鉤) garment-hook N 铜带钩 S/B

16 dàikòu 带扣 buckle N S/B

17 dānglú 当(當)卢(盧) a smart part of bridle; harness ornament N 鎏金凤纹铜当卢 S/B

18 dāo 刀 knife N 铜书刀 S/B

19 dēng 灯(燈) lamp N 铜灯 S/B

20 diézhù 叠(疊)铸(鑄) stack casting N 叠铸技术 S/B

21 dĭng 鼎 tripod N 司母戊方鼎 S/B

22 dŏu 枓 ladle N 铜枓 S/B

23 dòu 豆 N 铜豆 S/B

24 dùliánghéng 度量衡 weights and measures N 汉代度量衡 S/B

25 dūn 敦 round or oval vessel with a lid forhoding cereals N 铜敦 S/B

hemispherical bowl with high stem and spreading foot

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26 dùn 盾 shield N S/B

27 duó 铎(鐸) musical instrument N 铜铎 S/B

28 ĕrbēi 耳杯 eared-cup N 鎏金铜耳杯 S/B

29 fānzhì 翻制 renovation N/V 分段翻制器范,并焙烧 S/B

30 fānghé 方盒 suqure case N 鎏金铜方盒 S/B

31 fāngyí 方彝 N 偶方彝 S/B

32 făng 钫(鈁) suqare vessel N 铜钫 S/B

33 fēnzhù 分铸(鑄) separate casting N/V 大型器物采用分铸法 S/B

34 fŏu 缶 N 曾候乙墓共出土四件盂缶 S/B

35 fū 肤(膚) skin N S/B

36 fŭ 簠 N 青铜簠 S/B

37 fŭ 釜 cauldron N 铜釜 S/B

38 fŭ 斧 axe N 铜斧 S/B

rectangular casket-shaped vessel with cover surmounted by knob

round or rectangular container with cover and ear-shaped handles

天子所用九鼎分别盛牛、羊、豕、鱼、腊、肠、胃、肤、鲜鱼、鲜腊等肉食

oblong rectangular dish with fat, sloping sides and fitted cover

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39 gāofúdiāo 高浮雕 high relief ADJ/ADV 高浮雕龙纹 S/B

40 gē 戈 dagger-axe N 铜戈 S/B

41 gōng 觥 N 觥是一种盛酒或饮酒器 S/B

42 gōngjiàng 工匠 craftsman N S/B

43 gū 觚 goblet with broad lip N 青铜觚 S/B

44 guī 鬶 gui wine vessel N 青铜鬶 S/B

45 guĭ 簋 deep circular vessel with two or four handles N 利簋 S/B

46 hé 盒 box N 鎏金铜盒 S/B

47 hé 盉 N S/B

48 héfàn 合范(範) composite mould N S/B

49 hú 壶(壺) wine vessel N 鎏金铜壶 S/B

50 hŭxíngqìzuò 虎形器座 tiger-shaped seat N 鎏金虎形器座 S/B

lidded drinking vessel with spout at the front, handle at the back and a square stand or four legs

rounded vessel with closed spout, handle,cover and three or four legs, solid or hollow

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51 huòdĭng 镬(鑊)鼎 huoding (tripod) N 镬鼎用来煮牲及鱼 S/B

52 hŭnzhù the whole casting N 浑铸法即一次浇注成完整器形 S/B

53 jī 箕 dustpan; sieve N 铜箕 S/B

54 jīxíngqì 箕形器 scoop-shaped object N 铜箕形器 S/B

55 jĭ 戟 halberd N 青铜戟 S/B

56 jiă 斝 drinking vessel with handle and capped columns N 凤柱斝铸于商代晚期 S/B

57 jiàn 鉴 N 铜冰鉴是战国时期的一件冰酒器 S/B

58 jiàn 剑(劍) sword N 铜剑 S/B59 jiāozhù 浇(澆)铸(鑄) cast V 浇铸铜液 S/B

60 jiăo 角 N 青铜角 S/B

61 jìqì 祭器 sacrificial articles N 铜祭器 S/B

62 jīn 禁 rectangular stand supporting wine vessels N 铜禁 S/B

63 jīnyínpíngtuō 金银(銀)平脱(脫) bunished works with gold and silver inlay N 唐代金银平脱铜镜 S/B

64 jiūzhàngshŏu 鸠杖首 head of turtle-dove-ended stick N 铜鸠杖首 S/B

65 jiŭqì 酒器 wine containers N S/B

浑(渾)铸(鑄)

big basin-like vessel with broad mounth, deep belly, usually ears and legs

tripod vessel with extended symmetrical rim and bielliptical mouth

按功能分为盛牲器、食器、盛酒器等

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66 jué 爵 tripod vessel with handle and open spout N 二里头铜爵 S/B

67 jù 锯(鋸) saw N 铜锯 S/B68 kuī 盔 helmet N 铜盔 S/B69 kuìdĭng 馈(饋)鼎 kuiding tripod N 馈鼎用来盛熟肉 S/B

70 là 腊 cured meat N S/B

71 làhàn 蜡焊 wax welding N 蜡焊即低熔点金属焊 S/B

72 léi 罍 jar with wide shoulders and narrowing foot N 青铜罍 S/B

73 lì 鬲 cauldron for meat and cereals N 伯矩鬲 S/B

74 liànzĭhú 链(鏈)子壶(壺) vase with chains N 铜链子壶 S/B

75 liújīn 鎏金 gilded;gold plated N/V 鎏金铜壶 S/B

76 lòukōng 镂(鏤)空 openwork; fret-work; perforation N/ADJ 镂空几何纹 S/B

77 lòuhú 漏壶(壺) water clock; clepsydra N 铜漏壶 S/B

78 lú 炉(爐) stove N 铜炉 S/B

79 máo 矛 spear N 铜矛 S/B

天子所用九鼎分别盛牛、羊、豕、鱼、腊、肠、胃、肤、鲜鱼、鲜腊等肉食

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80 măojiē 铆(鉚)接 rivet N/V S/B

81 míngdí 鸣(鳴)镝(鏑) whistling arrow N 鸣镝由镞锋和镞铤组成 S/B

82 mójù 模具 mould N 制作模具 S/B

83 mózhù 模铸(鑄) mould casting N/ADJ 商代青铜器多采用模铸法 S/B

84 móu 鍪 cauldron vessel N 铜鍪 S/B

85 mŭmŏ 母模 finishing model N S/B

86 náo 铙(鐃) musical instrument,in the shape of a big bell N 青铜铙 S/B

87 nèixīn 内芯 core N S/B

88 niú 牛 ox N S/B

89 nŭ 弩 cross-bow N 弩机 S/B90 nuánlŭ 暖炉 heater pan N 铜炭耙与暖炉、箕同时出土 S/B

91 pán 盘(盤) plate N 鎏金铜盘 S/B

92 pén 盆 basin N 錾花铜盆 S/B

93 qióngkŏng 銎孔 socket;vertical strokes N 圆筒状銎孔 S/B

94 qiàncuò 嵌错(錯) inlayed; embellished N/V S/B95 sháo 勺 ladle N 凤首勺 S/B96 shēngdĭng 升鼎 shengding tripod N 升鼎盛半生肉 S/B

97 shīlàfă 失蜡(蠟)法 lost-wax casting N S/B

98 shíqì 食器 food containers N S/B

外范做好后,把母模刮下一层制作内芯

外范做好后,把母模刮下一层制作内芯天子所用九鼎分别盛牛、羊、豕、鱼、腊、肠、胃、肤、鲜鱼、鲜腊等肉食

失蜡法是一种青铜等金属器物的精密铸造方法按功能分为盛牲器、食器、盛酒器等

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99 shĭ 豕 pig boar N S/B

100 suàntóupíng 蒜头(頭)瓶 garlic-head vase N 铜蒜头瓶 S/B

101 tāotiè 饕餮 animal mask motif; monster faces N 饕餮纹 S/B

102 tāobō 套钵(缽) set of bowls N 铜套钵 S/B

103 táofàn 陶范(範) clay model N 陶范是铸造青铜器的陶质模型 S/B

104 tíliànhú 提链(鏈)壶(壺) jar with chain handles N 铜提链壶 S/B

105 tōngtĭ 通体(體) the whole body N 蟠龙纹壶通体鎏金 S/B

106 tóngjìng 铜(銅)镜(鏡) N 漆奁内有铜镜一枚 S/B

107 tóngqì 铜(銅)器 bronzes N 鎏金铜器 S/B

108 tóngtànbā 铜(銅)炭耙 bronze rake N 镂孔云纹炭耙 S/B

109 椭圆(圓)形杯 oval cups N 铜椭圆形杯 S/B

110 wàifàn 外范(範) outer mould N S/B

111 wăn 碗 bowl N 葵瓣碗 S/B

112 xĭ 洗 N 双鱼纹洗 S/B

113 xiāo 削 scraper N 铜削 S/B

114 xiāngqiàn 镶(鑲)嵌 inlayed; embellished V/ADJ 镶嵌红铜 S/B

115 xiūdĭng 羞鼎 xiuding tripod N 羞鼎主要盛调味的熟肉 S/B

116 xŭ 盨 retangular round-cornered vessel with a lid N 青铜盨 S/B

天子所用九鼎分别盛牛、羊、豕、鱼、腊、肠、胃、肤、鲜鱼、鲜腊等肉食

bronze mirrors;brass mirrors

tuŏyuánxíngbēi

外范做好后,把母模刮下一层制作内芯

round wash basin with broad rim, flat or circular bottom, and ears

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117 xuándāo 悬刀 hanging blade; trigger(release mechanism) N S/B

118 xūnlú 薰炉(爐) incense burner N 铜薰炉 S/B

119 yānqì 燕器 vessels for daily use N S/B

120 yăn 甗 steamer N 青铜甗 S/B

121 yá 牙 paired hooks(wich catch the bowstring) N S/B

122 yáng 羊 sheep;goat N S/B

123 yáoqiánshù bronze money tree with pottery base N S/B

124 yĕtóngyè 冶铜(銅)业(業) copper industry N 汉代冶铜业 S/B

125 yí 匜 N 鎏金铜匜 S/B

126 yídĭng 匜鼎 yiding tripod N 匜鼎盛肉汤 S/B127 yízhànglĭqì 仪(儀)仗礼(禮)器 ceremonial objects N 随葬仪仗礼器一套 S/B

弩机有前后二键连接着钩心、牙及望山和悬刀

弩机有前后二键连接着钩心、牙及望山和悬刀天子所用九鼎分别盛牛、羊、豕、鱼、腊、肠、胃、肤、鲜鱼、鲜腊等肉食摇(搖)钱(錢)树(樹

shallow oval ewer with spout, handle, cover and ususally four feet, generally used with pan

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128 yŏu 卣 N 雷纹卣 S/B

129 yuè 钺(鉞) axe N 铜钺 S/B

130 yuèqì 乐(樂)器 musical instruments N S/B

131 yú 鱼 fish N S/B

132 yùpén 浴盆 bath tub N 鎏金铜浴盆 S/B

133 yùndŏu flatiron N 铜熨斗 S/B

134 zhēng 钲(鉦) N 铜钲 S/B

135 zhì 觯 goblet with flaring lip,swelling body and foot rim N 青铜觯 S/B

136 zhùjiàn 铸(鑄)件 castings; cast parts N 青铜铸件 S/B

137 zhùmó 铸(鑄)模 mouldmaking N/ADJ 铸模法 S/B

138 zhōng 钟(鐘) N 钟鼎之家 S/B

139 zŭ 俎 chopping block N 刀俎 S/B

140 zŭhé 组(組)合 assemble V/N 将不同部分组合到一起 S/B

jar,round or oval in horizontal section, with cover and swing handle

天子所用九鼎分别盛牛、羊、豕、鱼、腊、肠、胃、肤、鲜鱼、鲜腊等肉食

熨斗(鬥)musical instrument, bell-like but slender, with short hollow handle

round hu with big belly; an musical instument, hung up to produce a clearer sound

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141 zù 镞(鏃) arrow-head N 箭镞 S/B

142 zuàn 钻(鑽) drill N 铜钻 S/B

143 zūn 尊 drinking vessel N 羊尊;决胜于尊俎之间 S/B

144 zūn 鐏 ferrule N 兽纹鐏 S/B

145 zúhuī 族徽 clan insignia N 青铜器族徽的来源 S/B

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type

1 āotūfă 凹凸法 concavo-and-concave technique ADJ S/C&P

2 báimiáo 白描 plain line-drawing N/ADJ 白描花鸟图 S/C&P

3 băiyèdiăn 柏叶(葉)点(點) cypress leaf dot N S/C&P

4 bàibĭ 败(敗)笔(筆) worn-down brush N S/C&P

5 bĭhuà 笔(筆)画(畫) strokes N 基本笔画 S/C&P

6 biăobèi 裱褙 mounting N S/C&P

7 bēitiè 碑帖 rubbings(from stone tablets) N S/C&P

8 bĭjì 笔(筆)迹(跡) chirography N S/C&P

9 căoshū 草书(書) rapid writing; cursive script N 碑文以草书写成 S/C&P

10 chuíténgdiăn 垂藤点(點) hanging creeper dot N S/C&P

11 cìlícūn 刺梨皴 pear thorn wrinkle N S/C&P

12 cūn 皴 wrinkle, a Chinese painting technique N 披麻皴 S/C&P

13 cūxì 粗细(細) thickness and thinness N/ADJ 笔画粗细 S/C&P

14 dàhùndiăn 大混点(點) large turbid dot N S/C&P

15 dàzhuàn 大篆 greater seal character; majuscule script N S/C&P

16 dàibĭ 代笔(筆) ghost artist N 书画代笔历来有之 S/C&P

17 dàncăi 淡彩 light color N/ADJ 淡彩牡丹画 S/C&P

18 diăn 点(點) dot N S/C&P

19 dīngxiāngzhī 丁香枝 lilac branch N S/C&P

20 dòubàncūn 豆瓣皴 split bean wrinkle N S/C&P

21 fătiè 法帖 rubbings of model calligraphy to copy N S/C&P

22 fántáocūn 矾头(頭)皴 alum lump wrinkle N S/C&P

23 fēnggé 风(風)格 style N 绘画风格 S/C&P

24 fŭpīcūn 斧劈皴 axe-cut wrinkle N S/C&P

25 gōngbĭ 工笔(筆) N 工笔重彩人物画 S/C&P

26 gōu 勾 the hook N S/C&P

27 gòutú 构(構)图(圖) composition N S/C&P

elaborate style of painting; meticulous brushwork

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28 gŭwén 古文 N S/C&P

29 guĭmiàncūn 鬼面皴 ghost face wrinkle N S/C&P

30 héyècūn 荷叶(葉)皴 lotus leaf wrinkle N S/C&P

31 héng 横(橫) the dash N S/C&P

32 huàfă 画(畫)法 techniques of painting N 花卉速写画法 S/C&P

33 huàpài 画(畫)派 school N 岭南画派 S/C&P

34 hújiāodiăn 胡椒点(點) black-pepper dot N S/C&P

35 húshuā 糊刷 paste brush N S/C&P

36 jiágŭwén 甲骨文 inscriptions on bone and tortoise-shell N S/C&P

37 jiĕsuŏcūn 解索皴 unravelled rope wrinkle N S/C&P

38 jièlíng 界绫(綾) N S/C&P

39 jīnwén 金文 inscriptions on bronze vessels N S/C&P

40 juānbiăo 绢(絹)裱 front mounting of ordinary silk N S/C&P

41 juānbĕn 绢(絹)本 original form written on silk N S/C&P

42 juănyŭncūn 卷云(雲)皴 rolling cloud wrinkle N S/C&P

43 juànzhóu 卷(捲)轴(軸) rolled paintings N 卷轴画 S/C&P

44 kăishū 楷书(書) regular script;model style N 元赵孟頫敬君墓碣铭楷书 S/C&P

45 kuăn 款 signature of the artist N 无款书画 S/C&P

46 língbiăo 绫(綾)裱 front mounting of thin silk N S/C&P

47 lìshū 隶书(書) official script; clerical script N 隶书起源于秦朝 S/C&P

48 luànyúncūn 乱(亂)云(雲)皴 turbid cloud wrinkle N S/C&P

49 măyácūn 马(馬)牙皴 horse tooth wrinkle N S/C&P

50 míngànduìbĭ 明暗对(對)比 chiaroscuro N/ADJ S/C&P

51 mògŭ 没骨 N/ADJ 没骨花卉 S/C&P

52 mòbĕn 摹本 copy; reproduction N S/C&P

ancient script attributed to Cang Jie in legendary times

vertical strips of silk seperating the picture from the superscription and the colophons

boneless style of painting; colored strokes without contour lines

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53 nà 捺 down-stroke to the right N S/C&P

54 niăozhuàn 鸟篆 bird script N S/C&P

55 niúnáocūn 牛毛皴 cattle hair wrinkle N S/C&P

56 nóngdàn 浓(濃)淡 darkness and lightness N 笔画浓淡 S/C&P

57 pīmácūn 披麻皴 hemp wrinkle N S/C&P

58 píngtóudiăn 平头(頭)头(點) level head dot N S/C&P

59 pōmò 泼(潑)墨 ink splash N/ADJ 泼墨山水 S/C&P

60 pòwăngcūn 破网(網)皴 torn net wrinkle N S/C&P

61 pòbĭdiăn 破笔(筆)点(點) broken brush dot N S/C&P

62 qì 气(氣) representing the strength of brush-strokes N S/C&P

63 青绿(綠) blue-and-green N/ADJ 青绿山水 S/C&P

64 qŭtóudiăn 曲头(頭)点(點) bowed head dot N S/C&P

65 rénwùmiáo 人物描 strokes for figures N S/C&P

66 sècăide 色彩的 chromatic ADJ S/C&P

67 shén 神 spirit N/ADJ 传神 S/C&P

68 shígŭwén 石鼓文 inscriptions on the stone drums N S/C&P

69 shuĭmò 水墨 ink painting N 水墨画 S/C&P

70 shŭzúdi 鼠足点(點) rat's foot dot N S/C&P

71 shù 竖(豎) vertical line N S/C&P

72 shŭnbĭ 吮笔(筆) lick the brush V S/C&P

73 suílèifùcăi 随(隨)类(類)赋(賦)彩 comformity to kind in applying colors N S/C&P

74 tíbá 题(題)跋 annotation; remarks on painting;colophon N 西湖卧游图题跋 S/C&P

75 tícái 题(題)材 subject matter N 绘画题材 S/C&P

76 tiăo 挑 up-stroke to the right N S/C&P

77 tiējiān 贴(貼)笺(箋) paste the title label N S/C&P

78 tiĕxiàncūn 铁(鐵)线(線)皴 iron wire wrinkle N S/C&P

79 tuōzhī 拖枝 dragging branch N S/C&P

80 wèi 味 aesthetic taste N/ADJ S/C&P

qīnglǜ

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81 wèibēi 魏碑 tablet style N 魏碑的笔力、字体强劲 S/C&P

82 wòbĭ 握笔(筆) brush grip N S/C&P

83 xiáohùndiăn 小混点(點) small turbid dot N S/C&P

84 xiăozhuàn 小篆 small seal script N S/C&P

85 xiĕyì 写(寫)意 free style N 写意人物画 S/C&P

86 xièzhăozhī 蟹爪枝 crab claw branch N S/C&P

87 xíngshū 行书(書) running script N 行书是介于楷书、草书之间的一种字体 S/C&P

88 yànpĭng 贗品 fake N S/C&P

89 yăngtáodiăn raised head dot N S/C&P

90 yìnjiàn 印鉴(鑑) seal impression N 傅抱石印鉴 S/C&P

91 yìnkuăn 印款 seal and signature N S/C&P

92 yìngbĭ 硬(笔)筆 stiff brush N S/C&P

93 yúdiăncūn 雨点(點)皴 raindrop wrinkle N S/C&P

94 yúxuĕdiăn 雨雪点(點) rain and snow dot N S/C&P

95 yúnléicūn 云(雲)雷皴 thunder head wrinkle N S/C&P

96 yùn 韵(韻) rhythm N/ADJ 气韵生动 S/C&P

97 zhāngfă 章法 composition N 书法章法 S/C&P

98 zhēnjì 真迹(跡) authentic piece N S/C&P

99 zhĭbiăo 纸(紙)裱 front mounting of paper; mounted on paper N/V S/C&P

100 zhĭbĕn 纸(紙)本 original form written on paper N S/C&P

101 zhōuwén 籀文 writing as developed by Shi Zhou N S/C&P

102 zhóugān 轴(軸)杆(桿) N S/C&P

103 zhóutóu 轴(軸)头(頭) the ornamental butts of a scroll roller N S/C&P

104 zhuāngbăn 装(裝)板 mounting board N S/C&P

105 zhuànshū 篆书(書) seal character;seal script N 篆书是大篆、小篆的统称 S/C&P

106 zìtiè 字帖 model calligraphy N S/C&P

仰头(頭)点(點)

the wooden rod around which the scroll is rolled

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type

1 ànhuā 暗花 veiled decoration N/ADJ 龙泉窑暗花执壶 S/C

2 bālénghú 八棱壶(壺) octagonal bottle N 青花八棱壶 S/C

3 báicí 白瓷 white porcelain N 邢窑以烧制白瓷著名 S/C

4 báidìhēihuā 白地黑花 N/ADJ 白地黑花瓷 S/C

5 báitáo 白陶 white pottery N 白陶鬶 S/C

6 bānwén 斑纹(紋) streak; mottle N/ADJ S/C

7 bīnglièwén 冰裂纹(紋) broken-ice crackle N/ADJ S/C

8 bù 瓿 bowl-shaped vessel N 青瓷瓿 S/C

9 căitáo 彩陶 earthenware N 低温彩陶 S/C

10 chángjĭngpĭng 长(長)颈瓶 vase with elongated neck ADJ 青瓷长颈瓶 S/C

11 chéngsèjì 呈色剂(劑) color agent N 青瓷一般以氧化铁为呈色剂 S/C

12 chuīyòu 吹釉 glazing by sufflation N 吹釉是瓷器上釉工艺的一种极常用的手法 S/C

13 chìtáo 赤陶 terracotta N S/C

14 císhí 瓷石 feldspathic stone,china stone N 上层瓷石 S/C

15 cípiàn 瓷片 potsherd N 碎瓷片 S/C

16 dānsèyòu 单(單)色釉 monochrome glazes N/ADJ 宋代流行单色釉瓷器 S/C

17 dānsèyòu 单(單)色釉瓷器 single color wares N 宋代流行单色釉瓷器 S/C

18 dănpíng 胆(膽)瓶 N S/C

19 dànkécăitáo 蛋壳(殼)彩陶 painted eggshell pottery N/ADJ 蛋壳彩陶碗 S/C

20 diāoxiāng 雕镶(鑲) carved ornament luted into the body N/V S/C

21 diăncăi 点(點)彩 scippling decoration N/ADJ S/C

22 dié 碟 small circular dish N 青瓷碟 S/C

23 dòucăi 斗(鬥)彩 contending colors; strongly contrasting colors N/ADJ S/C

a kind of glaze using minerals like iron and magganese as ingredients of painting material to draw designs on porcelain body

gall-bladder vase with a straight neck and a bulging belly

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24 duīhuā 堆花 embossed decoration N/ADJ S/C

25 duīyòu 堆釉 massed glaze N 堆釉花鸟瓶 S/C

26 duīzhī 堆脂 massed fat or lard N/ADJ S/C

27 fălángcăi 珐(琺)琅(瑯)彩 cloisonné enamel N/ADJ S/C

28 fángshuĭ 防水 impervious to liquid ADJ 瓷器具有防水性 S/C

29 fĕncăi 粉彩 soft colors; famille rose decoration N/ADJ S/C

30 fèngshŏuhú 凤(鳳)首壶(壺) ewer with pheonix head N 三彩凤首壶 S/C

31 fèngwĕizūn 凤(鳳)尾樽 phoenix tail jar N 青花鹤纹凤纹樽 S/C

32 gài 盖(蓋) N 壶盖 S/C

33 gàiguàn 盖(蓋)罐 covered jar N 青瓷盖罐 S/C

34 gāolĭngtŭ 高岭(嶺)土 white china clay N 采用高岭土烧制而成 S/C

35 gāowēnyòu 高温釉 high-fired glaze N/ADJ S/C

36 gāozúbēi 高足杯 stemp cup N 鎏金葡萄纹高足杯 S/C

37 guàn 罐 jar N 彩绘陶罐 S/C

38 guànĕrpíng 贯(貫)耳瓶 N 青瓷贯耳瓶 S/C

39 guángcăi 广(廣)彩 N/ADJ S/C

40 hăitángbēi 海棠杯 begonia flower-shaped cup N S/C

41 hēicí 黑瓷 black porcelain N 德清窑主窑烧制黑瓷 S/C

42 húlúpíng 葫芦(蘆)瓶 vase in the shape of a gourd N S/C

43 hŭzĭ 虎子 tiger-shaped vessel N 青瓷虎子 S/C

44 huàhuā 划(劃)花 incised design V/ADJ 金耀州窑划花犀牛望月青瓷碗 S/C

45 huāpén 花盆 flower pot N 钧窑海棠红花盆 S/C

46 huītáo 灰陶 grey earthenware N 灰陶薰炉 S/C

cover,lid

高温釉是指烧成温度高于1300℃的釉

vase with octagonal body and two tubular ears

white porcelain made at Jingdezhen and sent to Guangdong to be painted mainly with red, sometimes with light green or gold and fired again, desings are usually from popular stories

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47 huíhuíqīng 回回青 N S/C

48 hóngtáo 红(紅)陶 reddish earthenware N 红陶匜 S/C

49 jīshŏuhú 鸡(雞)首壶 chicken-spout ewer N 黑釉鸡首壶 S/C

50 jīguānhú 鸡(雞)冠壶(壺) flask decorated with a cockscomb N S/C

51 jiāgōng 加工 shaping V 加工成型 S/C

52 jìqīng 霁(霽)青 sky-clearing blue N S/C

53 jìngpíng 净(淨)瓶 holy-water vase N 定窑白瓷刻花净瓶 S/C

54 kāipiàn crackled N/ADJ 哥窑瓷器开片明显 S/C

55 kèhuā 刻划(劃) carved design V/ADJ 耀州窑青釉刻画执壶 S/C

56 lāpī 拉坯 wheel-throwing V 拉坯成形 S/C

57 lèihén 泪(淚)痕 tear stain N S/C

58 lóngyáo 龙(龍)窑 dragon kilin; climbing kilin N 龙窑最早出现在战国时期 S/C

59 lúnzhì 轮(輪)制 wheel-made V/ADJ 器身采用轮制 S/C

60 绿釉 green glaze N 绿釉陶仓 S/C

61 méipíng 梅瓶 prunus vase N S/C

62 míngjì 铭记 inscriptions; remark N 六朝纪年瓷多有铭记 S/C

63 mìsè 秘色 olive green of fine Yue ware N 秘色瓷 S/C

64 móyìn 模印 mould-impressed; moulded low-relief V/ADJ 碗口沿模印花朵纹 S/C

65 móguāng 磨光 burnished V/ADJ 磨光压划纹黑陶盖豆 S/C

66 niúchē 牛车(車) ox with cart N 灰陶牛车 S/C

67 pán plate N 青瓷盘 S/C

68 pén 盆 pot,tub N 炭盆 S/C

69 pī 坯 the paste after being modelled before firing N 陶坯 S/C

70 piĕkŏuwăn 撇口碗 cymbal bowl; flared-mouth bowl N S/C

71 qiănfúdiāo 浅浮雕 low relief V/ADJ 浅浮雕龙纹 S/C

72 qīngbáicí 青白瓷 bluish white ware N 青白瓷也称影青 S/C

mohamedan blue; fine cobalt blue of certain Ming wares

开(開)片

lǜyòu

盘(盤)

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73 qīngcí 青瓷 N 青瓷托盘 S/C

74 qīngcígāng 青瓷缸 celadon urn N 越窑青瓷缸 S/C

75 qīngcíjĭng 青瓷井 celadon model of well N 东汉青瓷井 S/C

76 qīngcíyú 青瓷盂 celadon pot N 安徽屯溪土墩墓出土了两件青瓷盂 S/C

77 qīnghuācí 青花瓷 blue and while porcelain N 元代青花瓷的纹饰繁缛细密 S/C

78 qīngyòu 青釉 celadon N 青釉碗 S/C

79 qiūyĭnwén 蚯蚓纹(紋) earthworm mark associated with Jun ware N S/C

80 sāncăi 三彩 three color glazing N 唐三彩 S/C

81 sānzúxĭ 三足洗 tripod basin N 钧窑三足洗 S/C

82 sēngmàohú 僧帽壶(壺) monk's cup jug N S/C

83 shāyăn 砂眼 pore; pitting N S/C

84 shāi 筛(篩) sieve N/V 青瓷筛 S/C

85 shāozhì 烧(燒)制(製) fire N/V 高温烧制 S/C

86 shuāngĕrpíng 双(雙)耳瓶 amphora N S/C

87 shuāngyúhú double-fish bottle N S/C

88 shuĭzhù 水注 water dropper N 青瓷蛙形水注 S/C

89 suìwén 碎纹(紋) crackle of more or less close mesh N/ADJ S/C

90 sìxìguàn 四系罐 jar with four rings N 青瓷四系罐 S/C

91 sùsāncăi 素三彩 N/ADJ S/C

92 tāigŭ 胎骨 paste or body of pottery N 秦代漆器胎骨多为木胎 S/C

93 táocāng pottery storehouse N 绿釉陶仓 S/C

94 táofănglún 陶纺(紡)轮(輪) pottry spindle whorls N S/C

95 táolóu 陶楼(樓) pottery towered pavilion N 绿釉陶楼 S/C

96 táoqì 陶器 pottery; earthenware N 东汉陶器 S/C

97 táoshìyŏng 陶侍俑 pottery figures of attendants N 合浦汉墓出土陶侍俑 S/C

green glaze porcelain;high-fired celadon wares

双(雙)鱼(魚)壶(壺)

a kind of glaze:designs painted on a plain porcelain body in three colors often seen during Kangxi's reign of Qing dynasty

陶仓(倉)

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98 táoshuĭxiè 陶水榭 pottery water pavilion N S/C

99 táoxūnlú 陶薰炉(爐) pottery censer N 几何纹陶薰炉 S/C

100 táoyàn 陶砚(硯) pottery inkslab N 山西唐墓出土白釉瓷碗、陶砚等文物 S/C

101 táoyuèyŏng 陶乐(樂)俑 pottery figures of musicans N 西安唐墓出土两组陶乐俑 S/C

102 tànpén 炭盆 charcoal basin N S/C

103 tíliáng 提梁 loop handle N 青瓷提梁壶 S/C

104 tiānqīngyòu 天青釉 sky-blue glaze N 天青釉三足洗 S/C

105 tiānqiúpíng 天球瓶 globular vase N 粉彩鹌鹑猎纹天球瓶 S/C

106 tiēhuā 贴(貼)花 applied design V/ADJ 汉代漆器常用金银箔贴花装饰手法 S/C

107 tiĕgŭ 铁(鐵)骨 iron body; porcelain body of dark color S/C

108 tiĕxiù 铁(鐵)锈(鏽) N/ADJ 瓶器身饰铁锈斑 S/C

109 tuòhú 唾壶(壺) spittoon N 随葬青瓷唾壶 S/C

110 tùháobān 兔毫斑 hare's hair streak N S/C

111 wēnhú 温(溫)壶(壺) warming vessel N S/C

112 wēnjiŭwăn 温(溫)酒碗 warming bowl N 定窑白瓷温酒碗 S/C

113 wèng 瓮(甕) urn N 陶瓮 S/C

114 wŭqŭwăn 五曲碗 bowl with five-lobed rim N 青瓷五曲碗 S/C

115 wŭcăi 五彩 polychrome; five-colored N/ADJ S/C

116 xiábō 匣钵(缽) saggar N S/C

117 xiàngĕrpíng 象耳瓶 vase with elephant-shaped handle N S/C

118 yāyìn 压印 stamp V/ADJ 压印网格纹 S/C

119 yáo 窑(窯) kiln N 越窑 S/C

120 yáobiàn 窑(窯)变(變) furnace transmutation N/ADJ S/C

121 yàntái 砚(硯)台 ink-stand N 青瓷砚台 S/C

122 yănghuà 氧化 oxidization N 氧化过程 S/C

a brown glaze strewn with metallic specks and with patches of deep red

窑变是由于釉的组成不同,或者几种釉施于同一器皿之上,在烧制过程中发生一系列复杂的化学反应所造成的色彩变化。

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123 yĭngqīng 影青 shadow blue N 青白瓷也称影青 S/C

124 yìngtáo 硬陶 stoneware N 硬陶罍 S/C

125 yìngyòutáo 硬釉陶 stoneware with feldspathic glaze N 汉代硬釉陶 S/C

126 yòu 釉 lead-glazed earthenware N 釉陶 S/C

127 釉陶 glazed wares; glazed pottery N S/C

128 yòulĭhóng 釉里(裡)红(紅) red within the glaze; underglaze red N S/C

129 yòuxiàcăi 釉下彩 decorated underglaze with splashes of brown N S/C

130 yuánshĭcíqì 原始瓷器 original porcelain N 胶州积贝墓出土原始瓷器 S/C

131 yùhúchūnpíng 玉壶(壺)春瓶 pear-shaped vase with flared lip N S/C

132 zèng 甑 steamer N 陶甑 S/C

133 zhăn 盏(盞) small cup N 茶盏,托盏 S/C

134 zhànyòu 蘸釉 glazing by immersion N 蘸釉是瓷器的传统施釉方法之一 S/C

135 zhègūbān 鹧(鷓)鸪(鴣)斑 partridge feather mottle N S/C

136 zhíhú 执(執)壶(壺) vase with broad mouth N 青瓷执壶 S/C

137 zĭkŏutiĕzú 紫口铁(鐵)足 N/ADJ S/C

138 zōngyăn 棕眼 palm eye N S/C

yòutáo 釉陶是表面施釉的陶器

one of the products of Guan kiln,Ge Kiln and Long quan kiln, light glazed mouth rim and foot rim of purple or iron color

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Illustration

1 āowén 凹纹(紋) concave N/ADJ

2 băijù 摆(擺)锯(鋸) swing sawing N/V 使用摆锯一般会留下弧形锯痕3 bàntòumíng 半透明 translucent ADJ/ADV 夔龙纹玉佩半透明4 bēn 锛(錛) adze N 不少大墓还随葬长形石锛

5 bĕng 琫 sword ornaments N 玉剑琫

6 bì 璧 N 玉璧

7 chăn 铲(鏟) N 玉铲

8 chè 彻(徹) carving away the outline N/V

9 chōngmó 冲(衝)磨 impact abrasion N 交替旋转冲模出来的圆孔

10 cóng 琮 N 玉琮

11 cūcāo 粗糙 rough ADJ/ADV 其余部位比较粗糙12 dázăo 打凿(鑿) chipping V 新石器玉器多采用打凿、挖刮等工艺

ritual object, round in shape with a big hole in the middle

a square shaped blade with evenly thin mid section, and blades of all types

二里头早期阶段已采用“勾”和“彻”两种方法

a jade in square shape with a hole in the middle

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13 dāo 刀 a square ended knife N 玉刀

14 diāokè 雕刻 engrave, carve V 雕刻成形15 duìzuàn 对(對)钻(鑽) V 在坯体上做两面对钻16 gāngmăo 刚(剛)卯 N 玉刚卯

17 gē 戈 dagger-axe N 玉戈

18 gé 格 sword guard or sword hilt N 玉剑格

19 gōu 勾 outlining N/V

20 gōngxíngjù 弓形锯(鋸) bow-shaped saw N 雕工用弓形锯作出边缘圆润弯曲的透雕花纹21 guān 琯 tubular bead N 玉琯22 guănzuàn 管钻(鑽) hollow cylinder core boring N 采用管钻法钻孔23 guāngzé 光泽 lustrous ADJ/ADV 玉璧质细、有光泽

24 guī 圭 N

drill a piece from both sides towards the center

square tubular pendant with inscriptions on it to ward off evil

二里头早期阶段已采用“勾”和“彻”两种方法

an elongated tablet or flat sceptre, carried by nobles at court when offering sacrifices

圭为中国古代在祭祀、宴飨、丧葬以及征伐等活动中使用的器具

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25 琀 N 玉琀

26 héng 珩 pendants N 玉珩

27 hóngmănăo 红玛瑙 carnelian N

28 huán 环(環) bi disc with medium size hole N 夔龙纹玉环

29 húkŏuzáo 弧口凿(鑿) gouges N

30 huáng 璜 N 玉璜

31 jì 筓 headgears; hairpin N 玉筓32 jīngzhì 精致(緻) delicate ADJ/ADV 不像龙山制品那样做工精致33 jiēshíhòuzhòng 结(結)实(實)厚重 strong, robust body N 将器身做得结实厚重

34 jué 玦 N

35 kăn 砍 chop V

36 lè 勒 N 玉勒38 lúnzuàn wheel drill N 良渚玉器已采用轮钻

hána flat disc or tear drop shape with central perforation and cicadas of all types found in the mouth of some buried skeletons

后来钢制的锯、切割盘、磨具、弧口凿和钻等工具的应用提高了玉器加工水平

a jade tablet in the form of a semi-circle

Slit ring, a jade ring from which a segment has been cut

玉玦;佩如环而有缺,逐臣待命於境,賜环則返,賜玦則絕

tubular used as a pendant or to form part of a string of beads

轮(輪)钻(鑽)

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39 móguāng 磨光 polish down V 凸脊一般无需磨平或磨光40 mólún 磨轮(輪) rotating polishing wheel N

41 mójù 磨具 grinders N

42 mópíng 磨平 ground V 凸脊一般无需磨平或磨光43 pāoguāng 拋光 burnish V

44 pītĭ 坯体(體) boulder N 在坯体上钻孔45 píngzáo chipping chisel V

46 qī 戚 axe with notches and teeth N 玉戚

47 qiēgē 切割 cut; chip V 玉璜采用切割、钻孔、打磨等技法制成48 qiēgēpán 切割盘(盤) cutting discs N

49 qīngyù 青玉 greenish jade N 夔龙纹青玉环50 rènkŏu 刃口 cutting edge(of an axe or knife) N 锋利的刃口51 shíyīngshā 石英砂 quartz sand N 唐以前的工匠一直用石英砂进行研磨52 shŏu 首 pommel for sword or macehead N 玉剑首53 shŏujù 手锯(鋸) hand sawing N/V 用细绳和兽筋做成的手锯

54 shè 韘 thumb ring or archers' ring N 玉韘

二里头遗址已发现竖锯、钻管、钻头和旋转磨轮等工具后来钢制的锯、切割盘、磨具、弧口凿和钻等工具的应用提高了玉器加工水平

平凿(鑿)

后来钢制的锯、切割盘、磨具、弧口凿和钻等工具的应用提高了玉器加工水平

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55 shùjù 竖(豎)锯(鋸) jig saw N

56 sīnánpèi 司南佩 pendants with a small hole N 司南佩的形状象两个对写的凹字

57 tiàn 瑱 earrings N 玉瑱58 tīngzuàn 桯钻(鑽) solid drill head boring N 用桯钻法钻孔59 tĭng 珽 retagular jade object N 玉珽60 tòudiāo 透雕 openwork carving N/V 西周玉器已采用透雕法61 tòushănshí 透闪(閃)石 tremolite N

62 tòuzuàn 透钻(鑽) drill a piece from one side only V 在坯体上做一面透钻63 wāguā 挖刮 scraping N/V 新石器玉器多采用打凿、挖刮等工艺64 wēngzhòng 翁仲 N 玉翁仲

65 xī 觽 pointed pendant N 玉觽

66 xiāo 琥 tiger-shaped jade pedants N 玉琥

67 xìbì 系璧 small bi disc N 玉系璧68 xiūzhĕng 修整 smooth off; tidy up N 侧面需要修整69 xuánjī 璇玑(璣) bi disc with notches and teeth N 玉璇玑70 xuánhén 旋痕 curved scars N 有些良渚玉器上留有盘曲的旋痕71 xuánzhuànchēchuán旋转(轉)车(車)床 rotary lathe 关键的设备是旋转车床72 yánmó 研磨 grind V 研磨料

二里头遗址已发现竖锯、钻管、钻头和旋转磨轮等工具

beared human figure or beard old man

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73 yángqĭshí 阳(陽)起石 actinolite N

74 yùchán 玉蝉(蟬) jade cicada N 口中发现玉蝉一枚

75 yùfùmiàn 玉覆面 jade mask N 东周玉覆面

76 yùpán 玉盘(盤) jade plate N 长沙汉墓出土玉盘

77 yùpèi 玉佩 jade pendant N 夔龙纹玉佩

78 yùrén 玉人 jade plaque in human form N 牛角发形玉人79 yùshì 玉饰 jade ornaments N 棺内发现玉饰若干

80 yùyī 玉衣 jade suite N 金缕玉衣

81 yùzhuó 玉镯(鐲) jade bracelets N 玉镯一对

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82 yuán 瑗 bi disc with small hole N 玉瑗

83 yuándiāo 圆(圓)雕 carved in the round; circular carving N/V 玉飞鹰采用圆雕制成84 yuándĭngkŏng 圆(圓)顶(頂)孔 dome-shaped hole N 无论是圆锥孔还是圆顶孔,都做得十分细致85 yuánzhuīkŏng 圆(圓)锥(錐)孔 cone hole N 无论是圆锥孔还是圆顶孔,都做得十分细致

86 yuè 钺 N 玉钺87 zàngyù 葬玉 burial jades N

88 zhāng 璋 N 以赤璋礼南方

89 zhì 璏 sword buckle or sword slide N 玉剑璏

90 zhū 珠 beads N 玉珠91 zhuī 锥(錐) awl-shaped pendant N 玉锥92 zuàn 钻(鑽) drills N/V

a wide bladed axe with large central perforation and symetrical side notches, for ceremonial or ritual use only

an elongated tablet with a pointed tip

后来钢制的锯、切割盘、磨具、弧口凿和钻等工具的应用提高了玉器加工水平

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93 zuànguăn 钻(鑽)管 drill tube N

94 zuànkŏng 钻(鑽)孔 drill holes; perforate N 将软玉钻孔95 zuàntóu 钻(鑽)头(頭) drill bit N

96 zuànxīn 钻(鑽)芯 solid circular core N 钻芯还连在圆形的残留体上

二里头遗址已发现竖锯、钻管、钻头和旋转磨轮等工具

二里头遗址已发现竖锯、钻管、钻头和旋转磨轮等工具

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Type

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/JS/J

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S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

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S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

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S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

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S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

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S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

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S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

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S/J

S/J

S/J

S/J

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type

1 àn 案 table N 彩绘漆案 S/L&W

2 báiyínkòuqì 白银(銀)釦器 vessels with solid silver N S/L&W

3 chánrăo 缠(纏)绕(繞) bound around V 以麻布缠绕内模 S/L&W

4 chánghé 长(長)盒 retagular boxes N 漆长盒 S/L&W

5 chēyuán 车轅 chariot shaft N 彩绘龙首车轅 S/L&W

6 chéngxíng 成形 shaping N/V 卷木成形 S/L&W

7 diāoqī 雕漆 carved lacquerware N S/L&W

8 duīqī 堆漆 embossed lacquer N S/L&W

9 duōzĭliăn 多子奁(奩) multiple round box N 双层多子奁 S/L&W

10 dùn 盾 shield N 彩绘龙凤纹漆盾 S/L&W

11 ĕrbēihé 耳杯盒 box for containing ear-cups N 彩绘云龙纹漆耳杯盒 S/L&W

12 fānghé 方盒 square box N 彩绘变形凤纹漆方盒 S/L&W

13 gŭ 鼓 drum N 彩绘凤鸟纹漆鼓 S/L&W

14 hèwén 鹤(鶴)纹(紋) design of cranes N 彩绘鹤纹漆匜 S/L&W

15 huàgōng 画(畫)工 design painter N S/L&W

16 huàzhuānghé 化妆(妝)盒 cosmetic vessel N 彩绘漆制化妆盒 S/L&W

17 huán 垸 lacquer priming N/V S/L&W

18 huángtúgōng 黄(黃)涂(塗)工 gilder N S/L&W

19 huángjīngkòuqì 黄(黄)金釦器 lacquer vessels with solid gold N S/L&W

20 huángtúkòu 黄(黃)涂(塗)釦 gilt-bronze mounts N S/L&W

21 hŭzuòfèngjiàgŭ 虎座凤(鳳)架鼓 N 彩绘虎座凤架鼓 S/L&W

22 jìyì 技艺(藝) craftsmanship N 技艺高超 S/L&W

23 jiázhùtāi 夾紵胎 fabric core N 夾紵胎漆器 S/L&W

24 jiànqiào 剑(劍)鞘 sword scarbbad N 黑漆剑鞘 S/L&W

25 jīnyínpíngtuō 金银(銀)平脱(脫) burnished works with gold and silver inlay N/ADJ 金银平脱花鸟纹镜 S/L&W

drum with frame in shape of phoenix and stand in the shape of tiger

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26 jīnqī 金漆 gold lacquer N S/L&W

27 jūnliè 龟裂 chap V S/L&W

28 làoyìn 烙印 brand N/V S/L&W

29 luódiàn 螺钿(鈿) mother-of-pearl N 唐代螺钿漆屏风 S/L&W

30 mătíxínghé 马蹄形盒 horsehoof-shaped box N 素髹马蹄形盒 S/L&W

31 miáoqī 描漆 painted lacquerware N 描漆屏风 S/L&W

32 miáojīn 描金 to draw in gold; gold tracery N 描金漆奁 S/L&W

33 mòbĕn 摹本 N 摹本展示 S/L&W

34 mùtāi 木胎 wooden core N 秦漆器多为木胎 S/L&W

35 nèimó 内模 inner molds N 移除内模 S/L&W

36 páixiāo 排箫(蕭) paixiao flutes N 彩绘三角纹漆排箫 S/L&W

37 píngjĭ 凭(憑)几(幾) arm rest N 漆凭几 S/L&W

38 qībēi 漆杯 lacquer cup N 彩绘几何纹漆杯 S/L&W

39 qībiănhú 漆扁壶(壺) lacquer flask N 彩绘怪兽纹漆扁壶 S/L&W

40 qīyuánpán 漆圆(圓)盘(盤) lacquer round plate N 彩绘云凤纹漆圆盘 S/L&W

41 qīzuòpíng 漆座屏 lacquered screen N 彩绘木雕漆座屏 S/L&W

42 qīqì 漆器 lacquer ware N 马王堆汉墓出土精美漆器 S/L&W

43 qīyí 漆匜 lacquer washer N 彩绘鹤纹漆匜 S/L&W

44 qīzhĕn 漆枕 lacquer pillow N 彩绘漆枕 S/L&W

45 qíyŏng 骑(騎)俑 mounted figurines N 唐代彩绘釉陶女骑俑 S/L&W

46 qiāngjīn 戗(戧)金 inlayed golden line N 戗金屏风 S/L&W

47 sānjiăohú 三角壶(壺) triangle vase N 黑漆三角壶 S/L&W

48 sè 瑟 zithers N 彩绘凤纹漆瑟 S/L&W

49 shàn 扇 fan N 彩绘漆扇 S/L&W

50 shànggōng 上工 topcoat-lacquerer N S/L&W

51 shìdìwén persimmon-calyx N 盖面镶嵌柿蒂纹 S/L&W

reproduced illustration;reproduction of drawing

柿蒂纹(紋)

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52 shuĭjīng 水晶 crystal N 鎏金嵌水晶交缠兽纹带钩 S/L&W

53 sùgōng 素工 core carver N S/L&W

54 sùxiū 素髹 singular color painting N/ADJ 素髹漆盘 S/L&W

55 tónghuánniŭ bronze knob N 彩绘凤鸟纹铜环钮漆圆盒 S/L&W

56 tuŏyuánhé 椭圆(圓)盒 oblong box N 针刻云气纹椭圆盒 S/L&W

57 wòlù 卧鹿 reclining deer N 彩绘木雕漆卧鹿 S/L&W

58 xiūgōng 髹工 lacquerer N S/L&W

59 yíngū 银箍 silver ring N 戗金银箍 S/L&W

60 yuánhé 圆(圓)盒 round box N 彩绘圆盒 S/L&W

61 zhuāngliăn 妆(妝)奁(奩) dowry utensil N 彩绘妆奁 S/L&W

62 zhuīhuà 锥(錐)画(畫) needle incised N 锥画漆盒 S/L&W

铜(銅)环(環)钮(鈕)

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type1 chuídié 捶揲 repoussé N/V 薰炉、提笼等捶揲而成 S/S

2 chuōjì 戳记 countermark N S/S

3 qiāsī 掐丝(絲) filigree N 掐丝珐琅 S/S

4 qiănfúdiāo 浅(淺)浮雕 low relief V/ADJ 浅浮雕龙纹 S/S

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No. Pinyin Chinese English Used as Example Type

1 biànxiù 辫(辮)绣(繡) chain-stitch N 针法以辫绣为主 S/T

2 bùbó 布帛 textiles, silk works N 布帛在中国古代一般充当实物货币 S/T

3 chángshòuxiù 长(長)寿(壽)绣(繡) embroidery of longevity pattern N S/T

4 cháofú 朝服 court dress N 赐朝服一具 S/T

5 chóu 绸(綢) woven silks N 牡丹纹烟色暗花绸 S/T

6 cìxiù 刺绣(繡) embroidery N 刺绣佛像 S/T

7 duàn 缎(緞) satin N 绮绿地缠枝莲妆花缎 S/T

8 hú 縠 crêpe N 雾縠 S/T

9 jiăoxié 绞(絞)缬(纈) the tie-and-dye method N 绞缬绢 S/T

10 jĭn 锦(錦) brocade; damask N 宝相花锦 S/T

11 jĭndì 锦(錦)地 brocade ground N S/T

12 kèsī 缂丝(絲) silk tapestry N 缂丝山水画 S/T

13 làxié 蜡(蠟)缬(纈) wax-resist dyeing technique N 蜡缬棉布 S/T

14 liánzhūwén 联(聯)珠纹(紋) rings of peals N 翼马联珠纹锦 S/T

15 líng 绫(綾) twill N 独窠纹绫 S/T

16 língxíngzhīwù 菱形织(織)物 diaper N S/T

17 lóngpáo 龙(龍)袍 drgon robe N 龙袍装饰有十二章图案 S/T

18 luó 罗(羅) gauze N 单丝罗 S/T

19 píngxiù 平绣(繡) straight stitches; encroaching N/ADJ 平绣针法 S/T

20 qĭ 绮(綺) damask; patterned tabby N 绮云初堕亭亭月,锦席惟横滟滟波 S/T

21 róng 绒(絨) velvet N 马王堆汉墓出土绒圈锦 S/T

22 shā 纱(紗) silk gauze; open tabby N 效颦莫笑东村女,头白溪边尚浣纱 S/T

23 shuāngmiànxiù 双(雙)面绣(繡) double-daced embroidery N 双面绣山水屏风 S/T

24 suŏxiù 锁(鎖)绣(繡) knots; woven stitches N/ADJ 锁绣佛像 S/T

25 wĕixiànqĭhuā 纬(維)线(線)起花 weft-patterned N 唐以后织锦多纬线起花 S/T

Page 62: work/archaeologic… · XLS file · Web view · 2011-05-02an elongated tablet or flat sceptre, carried by nobles at court when offering sacrifices

26 yìnrăn 印染 printing and dyeing N 印染织绣 S/T

27 zhījĭn 织(織)锦(錦) polychrome weaving;silk polychrome N 汉代设有织室、锦署,专门织造织锦 S/T