1. 12th April 2012 WORK SPACE WELLNESSTOWORLD OF WELLNESS- Dr Gowthaman Krishnamoorthy4/12/2012 1

2. ERGONOMICS The term "ergonomics" is derived from two Greek words: "ergon,"meaning work, and "nomoi," meaning natural laws. Ergonomists studyhuman capabilities in relationship to work demands. ERGONOMICS is essentially about "fitting work to people". Its the processof designing or arranging workplaces, products and systems so that theyfit the people who use them. This includes design of the home, design of public access buildings andpublic spaces, and design and operation of transport systems.4/12/2012 2 3. EMPLOYEE ERGONOMICS Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with theunderstanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, andthe profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in orderto optimize human well-being and overall system performance. In recent years, ergonomists have attempted to define postures which minimizeunnecessary static work and reduce the forces acting on the body.All of us could significantly reduce our risk of injury if we could adhere to the followingergonomic principles: All work activities should permit the worker to adopt several different, but equallyhealthy and safe postures. Where muscular force has to be exerted it should bedone by the largest appropriate muscle groups available.4/12/2012 3 4. OFFICE ERGONOMICS4/12/2012 4 5. ERGONOMICSthe task (job content &context)the theorganizationtool the theenvironment workstation4/12/20125 6. ERGONOMICS Goal to reduce work-related musculoskeletaldisorders (MSDs) developed by workers MSDs are injuries and illnesses that affectmuscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints orspinal discs.4/12/20126 7. ERGONOMICS Common Symptoms of MSDs Painful joints Pain, tingling, numbness in hands, wrists, forearms,shoulders, knees and feet Shooting or stubbing pains Swelling or inflammation4/12/20127 8. ERGONOMICS Common Symptoms of MSDs Fingers or toes turning white Back or neck pain Stiffness4/12/2012 8 9. ERGONOMICS FOR ALL4/12/20129 10. Occupational Hazards PHYSICAL HAZARDERGONOMIC HAZARD CHEMICALHAZARDBIOLOGICALHAZARD4/12/2012 10 11. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH( ILO/WHO ) Promote and maintain the highest degree of physical, mental& social well-being of workers of all occupations Prevent workers from departures due to health caused bytheir working conditions Protect workers in their working environment from hazardsand risks usually causing adverse health effects Place & maintain a worker in an occupational environmentadapted to his/her physiological ability4/12/2012 11 12. HAZARD AND RISK HAZARD RISK - any source of- the chance or potential damage,probability that a harm or adverseperson will be health effects onharmed or something or experience an someone underadverse health effect certain conditions atif exposed to a work.hazard.4/12/2012 12 13. Genetic Multiplicity offactorsexposureLifestyleDuration ofAgeexposure WORK- Workplace Workers Factors Physical Susceptibility RELATED propertiesRaceDISEASE Magnitude ofGenderexposureMedicalTiming ofhistoryexposure4/12/2012 13 14. Radiation Risk Electromagnetic SpectrumSource Frequency in hertz (Hz)X-rays, about1 billion 22billion Hz Gamma rays1020can penetrate10the body and damage X-rays18internal organs and tissues10by damaging important 16molecules like DNA. Ultraviolet radiation 1014This is called ionization. Visible light 1012 Microwaves, several billion Hz, Infrared radiation1010 can have thermal or hearing 10 effects on body tissues Microwaves 8Power frequency EMFs 50 or 10Radio waves 660 Hz carry very little energy,10have no ionizing effects800 - 900 MHz 4and usually no thermal15 - 30 Hz &50 - 90 Hz Very low frequency (VLF)10 3,000 - 30,000 Hz2effects. They can, however, Extremely low frequency 10cause very weak electric 60 Hz(ELF) 3 - 3,000 Hzcurrents to flow in the body.Direct current 0 4/12/2012 14 15. RADIATIONTypes Sources Health Effects Ionizing X-raysCancer, congenitalGamma raysdefects, death Non-ionizing Ultraviolet skin redness, prematureskin ageing, and skincancerInfraredcorneal and conjunctivalburns, retinal injury,cataractLaser Skin and eye problem4/12/201215 16. BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS VIRUSESFUNGIBACTERIAPARASITES4/12/2012 16 17. Selected Infectious Diseases and Occupations Agent / Disease Occupation Colds, influenza, scarlet fever, May be contracted anywhere diphtheria, smallpox Tuberculosis Silica workers, people exposedto heat and organic dusts, andmedical personnel AnthraxAnimal handlers and handlersof carcasses, skins, hides, orhair of infected animals,including wool carpetprocessors and handlers.4/12/201217 18. Selected Infectious Diseases and OccupationsAgent / DiseaseOccupationRingworm (in horses, cattle, Pet shop salesmen, stockmen,deer, pigs, cats, dogs, birds) breeders of cats and dogs, and other animal handlersTetanusFarmers (spores in soil) or anyone in contact with manure.4/12/2012 18 19. STRESS The harmful physical and emotional responses that occurs when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources or needs of the worker.4/12/201219 20. STRESS: Effects4/12/2012 20 21. STRESS Manifestations of Stress PSYCHOLOGICAL PHYSIOLOGICALBEHAVIORALFatigue Heart rate Drug useAnxiety Blood pressure Alcohol intakeTension Indigestion Heavy smokingIrritability Impulsive emotionalDepression behaviorBoredom Poor work & familyInability to concentrate relationshipLow esteem Social isolation Family abandonment Sleep problems4/12/201221 22. Ayurveda and Health Ayurveda brings about the balance between our Physical & Mentalaspects and helps us to remain naturally beautiful. Herbs oftremendous medicinal values are found abundantly in nature.Ayurveda uses these herbs individually and in special blends totreat every kind of Physical & Psychological Problems. As the Stress builds up, we move towards the Lack of Confidenceand a feeling of Inferiority becomes a part of our Life. Lest theThorn / The Cause/ The Toxins/ Stress is removed only then thenormal healing mechanism of the body is initiated or else it effectsthe other organs of the body & thus Uncurable Diseases areproduced.4/12/201222 23. Yoga & Health Many of the popular techniques found to reduce stressderive from yoga: controlled breathing meditation physical movement mental imagery stretching Yoga, which derives its name from the word, yoketobring togetherdoes just that, bringing together the mind,body and spirit. But whether you use yoga for spiritualtransformation or for stress management and physical well-being, the benefits are numerous.4/12/201223 24. YOGA Yoga for Stress management ! Breathing technique help relax and learn the various typesof Pranayama. ! Can be done either lying down or sitting posture to ensurerhythmic breathing in and out. ! AUM chanting is soothing. ! Practice joint relaxing exercises and instant whole body relaxation techniques with deep breathing . A) Shavasan B) Makarasan C) BhujangasanD) Shalabhasan E) SuptavajrasanF) Vakrasan G) PranayamaH) Meditation are use full4/12/2012 24 25. DEMOIf you are wearing tight, uncomfortable footwearremove them before starting the stretches. You mayalso wish to loosen your tie and belt. Here are a few exercises you could try for a start: Neck Roll Close your eyes. Let your chin drop down to your chest. Begin the circular motion of your neck slowly, bymoving the right ear to the right shoulder, takingthe head backwards and then bringing the left earto the left shoulder. Keep your shoulders loose and relax. Rotate your neck 3-5 times and then switchdirections.4/12/2012 25 26. DEMO Seated Forward Bend Push your chair away from your desk. Remaining seated, keep your feet flat onthe floor. Take your arms behind the lower back,keep your back straight and interlaceyour fingers behind your back. Bending forward from the waist, bringyour interlaced hands over your back. Rest your chest on your thighs and relaxyour neck.4/12/201226 27. DEMO Cow Stretch Keep your feet on the floor. Bring both hands on yourknees. While inhaling, stretch yourback backwards and looktowards the ceiling. While exhaling, stretch yourback forward and drop yourhead forward. Repeat this exercise for 3-5breaths.4/12/201227 28. DEMO Eagle Arms Stretch your arms straight in front ofyour body and parallel to the floor.Palms facing the ceiling. Cross your right arm over the left(bend your arm slightly at the elbow ifneeded). Bring both palms together. Lift both elbows. The shoulders slidedown your back. Repeat this exercise with the left armover the right.4/12/2012 28 29. DEMO Seated Spinal Twist Sit sideways in your chair. Place your feet flat on the floor. Holding the back of the chairwith both hands, twist yourwaist to the right towards theback of the chair. Turn to the other side. Repeatthis exercise a few more times.4/12/201229 30. DEMO Temple Rub Keep your elbows on your desk and place yourhands on your temples. With small circular motions gently rub yourtemples first clockwise and then anti-clockwise. Do this for 10 15 long deep breaths.4/12/201230 31. THANK YOU I still need more healthy rest in order to work at my best. My health is the main capital I have and I want to administer it intelligently. ---Ernest Hemmingway Nobel Prize winner for literature4/12/2012 31