WORDS: THE POWER WITHIN

Silver Edition – Lesson 12

Opposite Directions

EXTRA (EXTRO)

Extracurricular Extra + curr (run) Literal definition – run beyond; run

outside of Dictionary definition – (adj) done or

pursued in addition to the normal course of study

I like to participate in extracurricular clubs like Spanish Club after school.

EXTRA (EXTRO)

Extraordinary Extra + ordin (order) + ary (pertaining to) Literal definition – pertaining to beyond

order Dictionary definition – (adj) very unusual

or remarkable The extraordinary transformation from a

geek to a popular person is a common movie plot.

EXTRA (EXTRO) Extravagant Extra + vagary (to wander) + ant

(characteristic of) Literal definition – to wander beyond; to

wander outside of Dictionary definition – (adj) lacking restraint

or control in spending money or using resources

Your extravagant spending lead to bankruptcy.

EXTRA(EXTRO) – BEYOND, OUTSIDE OF

HYPER

Hyper Dictionary definition – (adj) unusually

energetic Note – hyper is a shortened form of

hyperactive The upcoming concert made me hyper,

and I could barely contain my excitement.

HYPER

Hypersensitive Hyper + sentire (to feel) + ive (capable

of) Literal definition – capable of feeling

beyond Dictionary definition – (adj) abnormally

or excessively aware of feelings Wolfgang was very hypersensitive about

his balding head.

HYPER

Hyperventilate Hyper + ventus (wind) + ate (become) Literal definition – to become above wind Dictionary definition – (v) to breathe too

rapidly and lose too much carbon dioxide I was so scared at the haunted house

that I began to hyperventilate. HYPER – ABOVE, BEYOND,

OVER

HYPO

Hypocrite Hypo + krinein (judge, decide) Literal definition – under judge Dictionary definition – (n) one who

pretends or plays a part; one who claims to have morals or beliefs but whose behavior does not conform to them

If you say you don’t smoke but get caught smoking, you are a hypocrite.

HYPO

Hypothermia Hypo + therm (heat) + ia (condition) Literal definition – condition below heat Dictionary definition – (n) a condition of

having abnormally low body temperature Wolfgang was diagnosed with

hypothermia after he locked himself in the restaurant freezer for several hours.

HYPO Hypotheses Hypo + thesis (to place) Literal definition – to place under Dictionary definition – (n) a proposed

explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation

Our hypothesis for the experiment proved to be correct.

HYPO – UNDER, BELOW

SUB

Subdue Sub + due (lead) Literal definition – lead under Dictionary definition – (v) to overcome,

quiet, or bring under control a feeling or a person; to bring a country under control by force

The police subdued the suspect as he tried to run.

SUB

Subside Sub + sidere (to settle) Literal definition – to settle under Dictionary definition – (v) to become less

intense, violent, or severe After taking some aspirin, my headache

began to subside.

SUB

Subterranean Sub + terr (land, earth) Literal definition – under land; under earth Dictionary definition – (adj) existing,

occurring, or done under the earth’s surface

Moles are subterranean animals since they live underground most of the time.

SUB - UNDER

SUPER Superficial Super + fic (make) + ial (characteristic of) Literal definition – characteristic of making

above Dictionary definition – (adj) existing or occurring

on the surface; not thorough or complete Your injuries appear to be superficial and need

only minor first aid. You have a superficial understanding of algebra

and should probably take it again next year.

SUPER

Superior Literal definition – above Dictionary definition – (adj) higher in

rank, status, or quality; (n) a person or thing higher in rank, status, or quality

In the Army, soldiers must salute when a superior officer walks by.

Wolfgang’s superior at work made him come into the office on Saturday.

SUPER Supersede Super + sedere (to sit) Literal definition – to sit above; to sit over Dictionary definition – (v) to take the place of

something because it is more important Fun fact – this is only word in the English

language that ends in sede When at school, academics and good behavior

supersede sports and socializing. SUPER – ABOVE, BEYOND, OVER